Isivinini besilokhu siyisici esinenguquko engapheli emlandweni. Kusukela ezithombeni zokuqala ezikhanyiswayo ze-zooet le-elles ukuya eluhlaza, izinsimbi ezipendwe ngesandla zekhulu lama-20 leminyaka, ubuciko bokuletha imidwebo ekuphileni buye bashintsha kakhulu kwezobuchwepheshe namasiko. Lokhu kushintsha okukhulu kakhulu emlandweni wako kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokushintsha kwenkulungwane yeminyaka, lapho i-computer exubeneyo (CGI) ithathe indawo yezindlela ezingokwesiko zokudweba njengendlela evelele yokuveza amafilimu nethelevishini. Lenguquko yayingeyiyokususa okusheshayo kodwa isiphelo samashumi eminyaka sokuhlolwa, amabutho entengiselwano, nokushintsha kwezilaleli. Ukuqonda indlela nemboni esheshayo kuchaza ngokuphawulekayo futhi kuchaza ikusasa lemishini, ukubonakala kuseduze kwemicikilisho ehambisana namathuluzi esetshenziswayo, ukusetshenziswa kwemiciciko engapheli, ukusetshenziswa kwemicimbiswa kwemicimbiso ehlala njalo.

Inkathi Yegolide Yesifanekiso Esidonswa Ngazandla

Isivinini sesiko, esibizwa ngokuthi i-drawn-drawn noma i-cel, inqubo yokusebenza ebangela ukusebenza, lapho ifulegi ngayinye idwetshwa ephepheni futhi kamuva ishintshelwe emashidini abonisayo e-celluloid ukuze idwebe futhi ithathe isithombe. Ikhono lenziwe ezandleni ze-studiodism kanye nabadwebi abacwebi abacwengisisa amandla abo abonakala ngezindlela zobuphayona. U-Walt Disney Disney's ububanzi obusheshayo, obufana no-2DD. Lolumount, u-Snown "Unick Nown" (11928), uhlanganisa umsindo nesenzo esisha sokuzijabulisa. I-Dney scew, i-geeced ye-geex, i-Expointer, i-Expoint, i-Expoint, i-Expoint, i-Express, i-Exmand ye-Evey "Ex, "1960, "ExP4, "evene, "evey

Isikhungo sezehlo ezingokwesiko kwakuyikhono lengcweti ngayinye. Imishini yokudweba ikhipha isihluthulelo, kuyilapho abasizi bekhiqizwa phakathi kwezindawo ezinyakazayo. Abadwebi besizinda, abadwebi, nabadwebi be-inker, bonke babenikela efulemini eyayinemisebenzi yezobuciko ethatha izinkulungwane ngomzuzwana. Le mifanekiso yayinemfudumalo ethambile nenomothayo ebonakala ifana nesandla nekhasikhasi. Ngokwengxenye yekhulu leminyaka, lokhu kwakudinga izinkulungwane zemisebenzi yobuciko ngakunye ukuze kube nesici esisodwa.

Ukushintsha Kwezobuchwepheshe: Ukungena Enkathini Yezinombolo

Amacomputer aqala ukungena ephayiphini lezifanekiso esikhathini eside ngaphambi kokuba avuse amafilimu aphelele. Ngawo-1960 nangawo-1970, abacwaningi bazama ama-minual fitry ne-frame yama-offramenti, kuyilapho ama-studio akudala asebenzisa i-inki ye-minual nezimiso zopende ukuze aphinde adwebe. Ukuphazamiseka kwangempela kwabangelwa ukusungulwa kwe-i-software ye-3D yekhomphyutha ekwaziyo ukuveza izinto ezizungezile, ama-pagersme, kanye nokuveza izithombe ezingokoqobo. Pixar Studium Studios, ekuqaleni inkampani ye-computer ye-om-ial ekwazi ukuveza i-mfashoni yohlobo lwe-mfalm-omfalm, kwabonisa ukulandisa kwe-CGIO "Lxo J.1986.1966). Ukuphumelela kwezentengo ye-"Toy Stoption"1995) (1995)

Ukuvela Kwe - 3D CGI Emabhayisikobho Ayizici Ezivelele

Ngasekupheleni konyaka ka-1990 kanye nasekuqaleni konyaka ka-1920, igagasi leCGI liguqula indawo ngokushesha. I-Dalot Works Imbambo yabekela uDisney inselele nge "Shrek" (2001, iBlue Sky Studios yakhulula "Inkathi ye-Ice" (2002), nePixar laqhubeka ukucwenga amafilimu alo anjenge "Dating Nemo" (2003). Lamafilimu ayengezona nje izimangaliso zobuchwepheshe; ayeyizinto ze-ofisi ye-creadgernaut ezicacisa kabusha i-filimi ye-bris. I-miculture evunyelwe ukunyakaza kwekhamera eqinile, imiphumela eyinkimbinkimbi yokukhanyisa, kanye nezenzo ezinamandla ezazizokwenqanda kakhulu noma ezingenakufezeka ngokuphelele ngokudweba ngesandla. I-Stiveose yathatha izimpawu eziphakathi kweminyango eziphambili, izimboni eziphambili zeze zaphinde zaphinde zathunyelwa futhi zibe nezintshuliwe.

Okwenza Imboni Isuke Esesikhwameni Sokuloba Nephepha

Izici eziningi zezomnotho nodalo zahlangana ukuze ziqhubekisele phambili izifanekiso ezingokwesiko emaceleni. Nakuba ubuciko bomdwebo wesandla babungatshazwa kakhulu, ibhizinisi lokuwenza ngokwesilinganiso laba nzima ukuthethelela.

Ukulahlekelwa Nokuphathwa Kwemithombo Yemvelo

Ukwenza imishini egcwele esetshenziswa ngezinto ezingokoqobo kudinga izisebenzi ezinkulu zochwepheshe, izikhungo ezinkulu ezingokoqobo, kanye nokugcinwa kwezigidi zezingxenye zemifanekiso. Imishini yezemishini, uma nje sekusetshenziswa isikhathi sokuklanywa kwemishini ye-odwa kanye ne-software, kuvumela ukuhlaziywa okungalinganiyo, ukubukezwa okulula, kanye nemitapo yezincwadi ewusizo ekwazi ukusetshenziswa futhi ekwenziwe ngemisebenzi ethile. Umdwebi wezibalo wefilimu eyodwa ungenziwa ngokuphinde uhlolwe futhi ulungiswe, ugcine isikhathi sokuklama. Ukwenza imishini ifanekiswe ukukhanya kwemvelo nemibala ngaphandle kokudweba ifulegi ngesandla ngasinye. Ngaphezu kokwenza i-franchise, le miklani ebanzi ebukekayo i-CI ibuye ibuye isetshenziswe ngokushesha, futhi isebenza ngendlela ephawulekayo kakhulu, futhi i-octivespood meod ogcwele i-opera egcwele i-o vidiyo.

Ukushintsha Ukunambitha Nokuthengisa Okunamandla Kwezilaleli

Njengoba i-CGI yaqala ukuhlotshaniswa nokwenza i-filimi yezemisebenzi, izibukeli zaqala ukufanisa izilinganiso ze-drawn-acten ne-nostaligic ne-edge edlulile. I-minyango yokudayisa ehlotshiswe kakhulu kule mibono. Ifilimu yecomputer-genetic ingathengiswa njengokuqhekeka kwezesayensi, kanti i-2D inezici ezikhethekile − nakanjani ezinzima − ukulwa kanzima ukuveza umuzwa ofanayo wezinto ezintsha. Ibhizinisi elingaphansi kokuhlelwa kwamafilimu angokwesiko aphambili ekuqaleni kwama 2000, njenge-Disney’s "Taivereaplanet" (20022), ifaka intengo eyingozi embonini. Nakuba i-impela yayinobunzima obungaphezulu (blame) futhi i-screa encikenekile.

Ithonya Lokulandisa Nokubukeka

Ukushintsha kwemitapo akuzange kushintshe izindlela zokukhiqiza; kwaguqula ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zezindaba ezazingatshelwa. Ikhono lokwakha zonke izingxenye zomhlaba zabaqondisi lanikeza abaqondisi amandla amakhulu okulawula ukuhamba kwekhamera, ukujula kwemikhakha, nokuhlelwa kwemigqa. Amafilimu afana "Izimo eziqanjiwe" (2004) asebenzisa lokhu ukuze adale ulimi olunezithombe olunezithombe olunezithombe olufihlwa kakhulu emabhayisikobho, kanti "Ukuthola u-Nemo" kuclovale ngokucwenga ngokwaneleyo ekwazini ukudlulisa ubuningi bomkhathi ongaphansi kwamanzi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amathuluzi ewenziwe nge-omiculturesssss, abonisa izitayela ezingakhothazeli. UCarto nohlobo lwe CGI oluncane, njengo "CLdy ngenkampane"), kanye no--20002091", "upykkkkkk-opt-optudium, "ngemidiums) ku-odcul-ma gesi, futhi awenziwe nge-ogcibilic.

Noma kunjalo, kwavela ukugxekwa okuvamile: ukuthi amafilimu amakhulu e-CGI aqala ukubukeka ngokufanayo(slick, slick, futhi ahlolwa ngokomzwelo. Ukungapheleli okungalungiseki komgqa odwetshwa ngesandla, ukuhlolwa kwepensela okubonakalayo okwakubonisa izimpawu zomdwebi, kwathathelwa indawo ithuluzi lobuchwepheshe elivamile. Lokhu kwabangela ukuba abadwebi baqaphele ukuthi izinhlobonhlobo ze-aslic zisengozini.

Indima Eshintshayo Ye - Apping

Umsebenzi wokuzifanekisa washintshwa kakhulu njengoba amathuluzi eshintshwa. I-aimator engokwesiko yayiyi-odifman, eqeqeshelwe ukudweba, umzimba, kanye nezimpawu. I-minumbe ye-minuber ngokuvamile isebenzisa unodoli: isusa isici esinamapayipi esisusiwe kakade, esisalinganisiwe, esifushanisiwe, nesikhuhlwayo. Ikhono elisuswe ekudweni izinkulungwane zama-alm zomuntu ukuze asebenzise ama-software afana ne-Autodek Maya noma umdwebize. Lokhu akusho ukulahlekelwa yikhomba-mphyutha yokudweba, i-activessss, isisindo, nokwenza i-scream, i-" kodwa ukuguqula isimo somsebenzi wobuchwepheshe, wokwenza ama-Greamstingsting [F.1] kufundisa ukuthi i-Activestings, womarts, womals, womall, womarking, womabili ye-optic, i-F.[1]

Isiko lokudweba ngesandla

Naphezu kokulawula kwezemakethe ye-CGI, imidwebo yezandla ayizange inyamalale. ENtshona, amashadi azimele nabenzi bamafilimu emhlabeni wonke baye bagcina amalangabi ephila. i-Studio Ghibli, iholwa yi-Hayao Miyazaki, iveze njalo izici zempumelelo yezobuciko nezezentengiselwano, njenge "Dended Leward" (2001, ethole i-Academy Academy. i-UCarton Salon, ngamafilimu afana "Imfihlo ka-Kells" 209"20) ne "Walvallers"), isebenzisa izindlela zezandla zokudweba, ezivezwe yizincubukiso eshukuhliweyo yize ngenkathi ephakathi yekhulu lenkulungwane. I-20020. I-Illetton iveza inzwa yobuhle yobuciko yobuciko bobuciko bezezezezeze-Nyaka.

Imizamo Yokufundisa Neyokwakha

Iqoqo elikhulu lezinhlangano manje lisebenza ukuqinisekisa ulwazi lokulinganisa ngesandla alulahlekile. Izikole ezinjengezimiso ze-2D. Imikhosi yeFilim, njenge-Ottawa International Istific Festival ne-Annecy, inikezela izinhlelo zemisebenzi yezandla, igubha isakhiwo njengobuciko obuphilayo kuneminyuziyamu. Izinqolobane, kuhlanganise [FLT:] neminyuziyamu eqinile ku-2D. [FLT] Imikhosi ye-Filim, njenge-Ottawa International Sithombo se-An Preciom no-Annec, i-cconectssss, i-meoctivessssss, i-spective-sssss, i-ectivesssssss, i-endrolls, ivumela izizukulwane ezintsha ukuba zisebenze, impumelelo yokuzisebenzela, kanye nemizamo eqinile, kanye ne-engile, eqinile, enzinzile, eqinile, eqinileyo.

Izindlela Zokwelapha Izinzwa Ezihwamukile: Lapho Womabili Amazwe Edla Ubhedu

Mhlawumbe intuthuko evusa amadlingozi esenzeka ngesikhathi esifanayo ukuhlanganiswa kwezindlela zokudweba ngesandla kanye nezinombolo. Kunokuba ziphathwe njengeziphikisanayo, abadwebi bahlanganisa i-2D ne-3D ukuze badale ama-asythetics futhi bangakwazi ukufinyelela iyodwa. Ifilimu emfushane ka-Dsyney "Paperman" (202) isebenzisa i-proproproproproritery" (208) ebizwa ngokungenamkhondo wokudwebezelele ukuhlanganisa ubuciko besandla phezu kwe-CGI Geometry, okuphumela ekubukeni isibonakaliso, imbonakalo ezwakalayo kokubili okubonakala ngokungenayo. i-Sonny Fieting’s "Spider-Manight": (20) eyaziwa kakhulu, i-Reuble Revicedstionsting. I-Mounicense iveza umbono we-osethisting, i-Moultschey "ellsssss, "enseng, "eyiphingssssss, "enye i-umpey'enye i-uhlaka" e

Ikusasa: I-ai, imishini Yangempela Yesikhathi, nangalé

Isivinini siyaqhubeka siguqula isimo ngokushesha, sibunjwe ubuchwepheshe obuvelayo obungalingana nethonya lokukhula kwe-CGI. Ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi esingokoqobo kwezinjini ezifana ne-Uneal Engine kunye no-Unity, ezakhelwe imidlalo yamavidiyo, zisetshenziswa kakhulu ekukhiqizeni i-movie nakuyithelevishini. Bavumela abaqondisi ukuba babone indawo ezungezile ekhanyiswe ngokugcwele ngokushesha, balahle inguquko ende yokusetshenziswa kwendlela engokwesiko futhi bavule umnyango waleyondaba ebanzi. Ukuhlakanipha okungalinganiswayo, nakho, kuqale ukuthonya amabhanothi aphakathi kwamafelemu, imisebenzi ephindaphindwayo, noma basize ngemithetho yomlomo ukuba inciphise imithwalo yokukhiqiza, nakuba benyusa ukukhathazeka ngokulawula nokwenziswa komsebenzi. Izinto ezingokoqobo, futhi ziveza i-octive projectivess trans expointive.

Kulo lonke lolu xhaxha lwezobuchwepheshe, impikiswano phakathi kwendabuko ne-minucs cishe iyothatha indawo yengxoxo ehlangene kakhulu ngendima yengcweti. Njengoba amathuluzi enziwa ayinkimbinkimbi, amakhono ayisisekelo okuhlola, ukulandisa, nokuklama. Umdwebo odwetshwa ngesandla ungadlulisela umqondo ongaqondakali ngokushesha, futhi lowo mdwebo unikeza i-computer i-proxy. Ngalendlela, ukudweba kuhlala kunguhlaka lwezifanekiso, ngisho nalapho ifinyele inyama ye-agic.

Ikusasa Elihlangene Ngezinkolo Ezimbili

Ukushintsha kwemidwebo esetshenziswa ngesandla kusuka ekudwebeni ngemishini ye-minuber kuya emakhelini emishinini esetshenziswayo kwakuyisikhathi esishintshwe futhi sahlelwa kabusha imboni yembulunga yonke yezitho zokulinganisa, yaguqula indlela yokubona, futhi yashintsha indlela yokuphila yabadwebi abaningi. Kodwa indaba ayisona esinye semidwebo elula ukubuyisela. Imishini yokudweba ihlala ikhona njengenqubo ebalulekile, ilondolozwe abafundisi abaphambili, abenzi bamafilimu abazimele, nezikhungo ezibonisa ukwazisa ngemibalabala. Amathuluzi emishinini awenziwe ngemishini anciphisa ukufinyelela impumelelo yokuhlobisa, avumela amaqembu amancane ukuba enze umsebenzi owawudinga ifektri yabadwebi bezobuciko. Amamoyezombili manje ahlala ndawonye, futhi ahlanganisa ukuveza izinto eziveza amehlo angenakufezeka kuphela. Njengoba imboni ihamba phambili yezokudweba ne-AIN, iqiniso lihlala lisebenza kakhulu lapho imboni isebenza khona futhi imboni ezindaweni ezingaphambili.