I-Anime fandom iye yashintsha kakhulu phakathi namashumi amane eminyaka adlule, isuka ezindaweni ezihlukene, umsebenzi wokuzilibazisa owenziwe ngabesilisa waba umphakathi wembulunga yonke ogcwele lapho ukuhlukahlukahluka kwabesilisa kushintsha khona ukuhlanganyela, indalo, nengxoxo. Lokhu kushintsha akuyona nje i-imfuno yabantu abavamile; kukhanyisa indlela impucuko exoxa ngayo ngezimpawu, amandla, izinselele, futhi ukumelelwa kwenkathi yokuxhumana kwezimiso zemishini. Kubafundisi, abahlaziyi abahlola amasiko, nodweba ngokwabo ngokwabo, ukudweba lamandla anikeza ukuqonda okubalulekile ekutheni owefakelwayo nge-fandom futhi olandisa izindaba zakhe. Lesi sihloko sihlola izihloko ezingoko, izinto zamanje, izinselele, nezindlela ezichaza ubulili bobuzwe namuhla.

Umlando: Amatape Aya EHholo Lomhlangano

I-Anime fandom eNtshona yaqala njengenkampane eqhutshwa kakhulu yisayensi-fifish kanye namaphupho. Ngasekupheleni kwawo-1970 nasekuqaleni kwawo-1980, amaqoqo amancane abalandeli ahweba nge-VHS amakhasethi ochungechunge anjenge i-Mubile Disc Gundam[ [[FLT]] kanye [FLT] ne [FLT] Space Battpship Yamato[, ngokuvamile bahlangana emaqeleni abonisa imiphakathi yesayensi yobuchwepheshe nezincwadi ezihlekisa. Imihlangano yasekuqaleni yayifana neyakuqala i-AnExpole (e yatholwa 1992) kanye no-AK90) futhi yayayamukelwa kakhulu amadoda amasha, futhi yabonisa namiculo, futhi yabonisa ka-keshshshsh, kanye ne-3.

Phakathi nalenkathi, ukuntuleka kwemininingwane ehunyushwe ngokomthetho kwasho ukuthi imifelandawonye elawula imishini yokusebenza i-VHS ilawula ukusakazeka kweyesilisa. Amaqembu amabhungane (abadlali) aklame kungekuphela nje ukufinyelela kodwa futhi nelens echazayo lapho i-ainem eqedwa khona. Umqondo we-ampe, abesifazane abajabulela uthando lwabafana (BL) nowesifazane, wawungakade ulawula imisebenzi yobuchwepheshe efana ne-VHS traffigniting kanye nokufunda imibhalo engaphansi komhlaba, kuyilapho inani elincane labesifazane linikela njengabahumushi noma abadwebi, ngokuvamile besebenza ngemva kwezithombe. Umqondo ka “jofushi,” abesifazane abajabulela uthando lwabafana (BL) nowe, babengakabi, bengazange bangene ulwazi lwemibhalo eNtshonalanga, futhi befunda izikhothathi ezise kakhulu. Nokho, izinkole zokunyelelwa kakade, izinkole ezincelini ezivamile zazisebenza kakade, zaziyizixhuzube ngokuhlwa yizi, izixhuzube, izixwa ukuba babeqala ukuba khona izinsizwa ezincane,

Ngasekupheleni konyaka ka-1990, ukuphakama kwamaqembu e-Usenet ([FLT: 1), i-IRC, kanye nezingosi zakuqala zokudlala i-IRC , kwaqala ukuphazamisa ukugcinwa kwesango kwakudala. Abesifazane bathola ama-cuums ukuxoxa ngochungechunge olufana [[[FLT: 0]] Sailor Moon [ nokuhlanganyela kwabesifazane kuyi-ULT] u-ULT [FLT]]] [FLT]]] [umvukelo wamanzi] [[FLT]] [ult:]] [RGOLT]] [ivelayoMGUM] [ingeniselo] [indlela] [indlela] ephakeme phakathi kuka-1998 no-2002], ukuthambekela okuyokwenyuka ngokuhlola kwemizwana kwemidabazwe. Ukuhlola i-Dmodum, ngokuhlola i-Foms.[4]

Umfanekiso Wamanje Wesihlobo Sohlanga: UMose Wamazwi

Namuhla, i-aimafe farmom ihlukene kakhulu kunendlela esikisela ngayo ekuqaleni. Ukuhlola okukhulu okwenziwa ukugeleza kwamapulatifomu nabacwaningi abazimele kubonisa ukuthi abesifazane manje bakha ingxenye engaphezulu yengxenye (neminye imongo, abaningi (yabathengi abakhuthele ngaphandle kweJapane. Umbiko we-Cunnechroll wezwe lonke uthola ukuthi 47% wezilaleli zabo eziphawulwe njengabesifazane, nezibukeli ezingazifuni ezibonisa isigaba esincane kodwa esikhula kancane kancane ([[FLT:]]] [FLT]] udwebo lwama 2023 lokubona ukuqonda )). Ngokuzenzakabili, umhlangano wathola ukuthi i-data ethathwe ezingqondweni ezinjenge-AnCYCC kanye ne-Sabin-Cenne iveza isilinganiso esibonisa isilinganiso esibonisa isilinganiso esibanzi sobulili esibonisa ukukhula kancane kancane ([FLD: 0]) kanye nezimiso ezihambisana nezinqululeki ezihlanganisa ubulili.

Lokhu kushintsha akugcini ekusebenziseni. Abesifazane nabantu abangebona abakhombi baye babonakala kakhulu njengabadali abaqukethe okuqukethwe, abaculi, abahlaziyi, abahlaziyi, abathathi-mathemati, nabalobi abathakathi be-averfish, − ngokuvamile bashayela ingxoxo ebudlelwaneni bobufandandi, ama-arctic, nezihloko zokuvula izihloko ezibonisa ukuthi ukudayisa amapulatifomu ngezinye izikhathi akunakwa. Ukwanda kwamapulatifomu anjengo-AO3 (Umkhondo Wethu), lapho ababhali besifazane nabanezikhonzi bebusa khona njenge-genres ekhubazayo ne-fibbe, kugcizelela indlela i-dingmagnome engoko yokulandisa kobudomast.

Abesifazane Bahlanganyela Futhi Bahole Ngokuklama

Abesifazane manje baphethe ezinye zezikhangiso zezindaba ezinethonya kakhulu, imikhondo ye-YouTube, kanye nohlelo lwezinhlelo zomhlangano. Iziphakamiso zabesifazane zibhalwe ngezihloko ezinjengobufemukazi be-shōjo tropes, ukuziphendukela kwemvelo kochungechunge lwezintombaza, nomlando we-shojo manga ziheha izixuku ezimile kuphela. Iqophelo lokungena elibonakalayo labalandeli besifazane, liye lasuka emsebenzini wezemisebenzi ye-shōjo tropes, lapho abesifazane bevame ukuhola khona njengabaklami bezingubo zomklamo, abenzi bemili, nabahluleli bemincintisana. Ukuphakama “i-socillet i-ially shop" kukhanga kakhulu abesifazane, futhi nokusetshenziswa kwezimiso zobudolomu, ukugcizelela kwezimiso zomzimba nenhlonipho ezimeleni.

Embonini ngokwayo, nakuba izimboni zemishini yokuthwebula izifanekiso zaseJapane zisabonisa ukuhluka kwezimiso zobulili, izinkampani zaseNtshonalanga eziqashayo nezimboni zendawo ziqasha abesifazane ngemisebenzi yobuholi. Abaqondisi besifazane, abakhiqizi, nabalobi bezentengiselwano eU.S. baye babhebhebhethekisa izinguqulo ezinembile nezingaqondakali ezibonisa ukuthi ubulili buyibodwa, ukugwema ukuvuselelwa kombhalo ongezansi owawuvamile emashumini eminyaka adlule.

Ukucosha Nokubonakala Okungaphelele

Ukubonakala okukhulayo kwe LGBTQ+ abalandeli kuye kwaba enye yentuthuko eshintsha kakhulu e-aIme condom. Ibonisa njengokuthi yiYuri!!! , Preven, [[FLT] [[4]] ne [FLT] BLOM KUWE[ ihehehe kakhulu i-queersss nobhethene ngezingxoxo ezifanayo zezokudlala. Ngokubalulekile, ama-dom awadli nje lezinto ezikukhiweyo; ama-FOTTS abuye achazeke kakhulu ku-lebhucule phakathi kwe-lective, aveza i-partss, i-partum, ne-Fin, ihlanganisa njalo-Fomin, leminvolune, itshe lezinto ezisebenza kanye kanye kanye nalenziwe njalo:[2]

Noma kunjalo, ukumelela akulingani. I-LGBTQ+ aine isathembele kuma-trope adala izinkinga − njenge- “scheadman queator” noma“i-header” eqeda (-"naye abadlulisi bangababonakali befana nje. i-fandom aclivivism iqala ukubekela lemiklamo, ngemikhankaso yokubhala amagama kanye nokushaya kwezokuxhumana okuqondiswe ezindaweni zokuhlola izakhiwo naku-intwala. Ukusundula okungcono kuhlobene kakhulu nezingxoxo ezibanzi zobulili, njengoba ama-panenti angezona zikhuthaza amabalaza emibuthano yomhlangano nangamabhulo axoxa izimpawu zobufana obufana nalezo zinhlangothi.

I - Digital Arenario: Imithombo Yezindaba Nezinsalela Ezintsha

Izokuxhumana ziye zaguqula ama-fandom anamandla ngokwehlisa imingcele ekungeneni nasekukhuliseni amazwi aphansi. I-twitter (manje ngu-X) ne-Instagram njengendawo yokubuka imidwebo ehambisana nomculo we-peact, ngokuvamile ivumela abadwebi besifazane nabangewona amabhande ukuba bakhe iziteshi ezinkulu ngaphandle kwabagcini bamasango abavamile. I-Tik Tok iye yaba yindawo yokuqhumisa imidanti, i-icimee video, nenkulumo yobulili, ene-hathmetik Tok kanye #GenendBrend Colate idweba izigidigile izimboni zemibono engokwesiko. Uhlelo olufushane lwevideo luzinika izinjongo zokuziculi ezingokwesiko, kanye nezintsha eziqala ukuhlangana nezinfunda ze-Aiffans Tok Toks Tok nohlelo oluthandwayo.

I-Internet i-forms njenge-r/anter’s Reddit’s r/antie ne-Dalord ekhethekile yembula isithombe esiyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Nakuba ukulinganisela kwabobulili obufanayo kuthuthuka, lezi zindawo zisengafana nobuthi bemiphakathi yakudala ye-inthanethi. Amaqembu abesifazane avame ukubika ukuhlukunyezwa noma ukuncishiswa kwe-conthensition lapho befaka izimende zokuhlobisa amavice, futhi abathandi abangesi bobulili bangathola ukuthi i-CH ayikhashelwa ezimpikiswaneni zohlobo. Nokho, amapulatimende afanayo nawo asekela izinhlangano ezingo zobuDadiord ngokukhethekile nabesifazane kanye nabalandeli abangahambisanga i-bina, lapho amalungu ehlanganyela izimende zokutusa, izingcweti, nokuhlela ngokumelene nokuhluphana ne-inthane.

Ama-flofiction platifomu ayizizikhungo ezibaluleke kakhulu ekuhloleni ubulili. Ngo-A3, ibhala ukuthi “uphawu lokuchaza” luvumela abalandeli ukuba babhale izindaba ezisemthethweni, behlola indlela uhambo lomuntu olungase lushintshe ngayo uma umbukiso wabo wesilisa ushintshiwe. Lokhu kulandisa kusebenza njengendlela yokwelapha yomphakathi, kusiza ababhali ukuba basebenzise okuhlangenwe nakho kwabo siqu ngobuntu obulili obufanayo. Ukucwaninga okushicilelwe [[FLT: 0] Imisebenzi neMidlalo yezeluleko umagazini ufaka ubufakazi bokuthi le mikhuba yenza kanjani “indlela yokuhlanganisa ubulili obufana nobufanayo" phakathi kokufundisa, ukuhlanganisa izithakazeli, ukuhlanganisa izithakazeli. Academicm, ne-stions.[FLT]

Izinselele Eziqhubekayo Nokuhamba Emnyango

Naphezu kwentuthuko, kusenemingcele emikhulu. Ukuhlukunyezwa okusekelwe kuyi-gander kuyaqhubeka kuphazamisa i-intanethi kanye nezindawo zomhlangano. Ama-compastes abesifazane bahlolwa ngokungenakulinganiswa ngokusho amazwi agunyazayo nangokuthwebula izithombe okungagunyaziwe, kuyilapho abesifazane abakhuluma imibono egxekayo ngochungechunge oluthandwayo ngokuvamile bebhekene nokugxambukela. “intombazane ebizwa ngokuthi yi-feke geek” trope·top_topy encil enciphe kakhulu kuneshumi leminyaka elidlule, i-stull, ukugcinwa kwesango okubhekwa njengelungu elisemthethweni.

Ukwenziwa kwe-app kwamuva futhi kusaqhubeka. EJapane, imboni ye-ayini ihlala ilawulwa ngendima yomqondisi wezobudindala nangabakhiqizi, kanye i- Asahi Shimbun ibika[ ngo-2022] ukuthi abaqondisi bemishini abangaphansi kwe-15% ezweni babengabesifazane. Lokhu kungalingani kuthinta izindaba ezithi zikhanyiswe kakhulu nezindlela abalingiswa ngazo abesifazane nabangebona ababhiliyo bafakwe. Ngisho nasemabhukwini aseNtshonalanga, amabhodi abahleli bezindawo ezinkulu zamaphephandaba i-ayimeism ngokuvamile ziba madoda, ukulungisa okuveza imibono ekhuliswayo.

Enye inselele ukuhlangana kwezentengiselwano zezinhlobonhlobo. Njengoba izinkampani ziqaphela amandla okuthenga abalandeli besifazane nabacebi, ngezinye izikhathi bahileleka ngokukha phezulu “kwesimiso sokuhweba ngokukhululekile sobudolova” . Ukukhulula ukuqhosha okungasekelwe ngokuphandle ku LGBTQ + abakhi noma ukuchaza izinto ezingekho ngaphakathi. Izenzo ezinjalo zingabangela ukuphambana kwabalandeli abababona bezenza zizenzisa, zikhuthaze isidingo sokushintsha kwezakhiwo kunokuba zisekele i-LGBTC.

Uhlobo Lwesiqhova Nento Esiyiqukethe

Umongo we-anime uvame ukuveza futhi ugcizelela ubulili obuvamile. “uhlobo lwe-apide” olubeka abalingikazi abasha njengezinto zokuvikela, luye lwagxekwa ngezwi lalo eliphansi elibukhali, kuyilapho ukuxhaphaka kwemiklamo exubile yokuziphatha kobulili kungasusa abalandeli abafuna ukuchazwa okucacile. Ngasikhathi sinye, igagasi elisha le-aimaine liye labekela lemihlangano inselele. [[FLT:] [inani eliwuhlobo olunesikhathi esingaphezulu] [FLT]] [FLT] [FLT] [FLT] [FLT]] [indlela ebucayi yokudweba i- progsting probistics) futhi [iglate progremstingssss, kodwa iveza intekelele ngentebe yohlobo oludedansi.

Ukungezwani: Ngalé Kwezigebengu Ezinhlangothi Zombili

Ama-Gender anamandla awanakuqondwa ngokugcwele ngaphandle kokucabangela uhlanga, isigaba, nokukhubazeka. Ngokwesibonelo, abalandeli babesifazane abamnyama bahamba ngezinyawo ezimbaxambili zokubekwa emaceleni, ngokuvamile bebhekene nakho kokubili ukuhlukunyezwa ngokwezesini kanye nokuhlaselwa ngokwezinhlanga phakathi kwe-fandom. I-hashtag #Uradamnimetwitter ibe yindawo eqinile yokuhlola i-parnational, kodwa abahlanganyelayo babika kaningi ngokusundu lapho bekhankaniza ibala ngomklamo wobuntu noma ukuhlelwa kwe-Black asteticssssss. Ngokufanayo, abalandeli abakhubazekileyo bangase bathole ukuthi izikhala zemihlangano azifinyeleli ngokomzimba, futhi izitejikelezo zekheli ezivamile. Imizamo enjengokuyi-ICN (ISCN) iqala ukuhlelwa kwalezi misebenzi.

Izinyathelo Zomphakathi Nezinguquko Zokwakha

Isabela kulezi zinselele, izinyathelo zokuthatha isinyathelo ezikhungethe utshani ziye zanda ezindaweni ezithanda ukushisa. Imihlangano eminingi manje iphoqelela ukuba iqikelele inqubo yokumelana nokungalawuleki, enezimiso zokubika ezicacile namaqembu avikelayo. I- “Cossuffer Survivation Service Service Network” inikeza imithombo kanye nokusekela kontanga abakhapheli abahlukunyezwayo. Izenzakalo zaminyaka yonke ezifana nomhlangano we-Anime Evolution eVancouver ziye zasungula amagumbi anokuthula akhululekile nezindawo ezizimele zobulili obunhlobo, iqaphela izimpawu kanye nezidingo zokuphepha zezivakashi ezihlukahlukene.

Kuyi-inthanethi, imikhankaso yokubambisana iye yaqhubela phambili ushintsho. I-# MeAnime, i-applome-findom-eyi-encobo ye- #MeToo, ikhuthaza abasindile ukuba bahlanganyele izindaba zabo nabadali kanye nabalandeli abazolandisa. Lemizamo yezenhlalo isebenza ngamaqoqo anjenge-@Aniferdurst enqolobal futhi igubhe iminikelo yabesifazane abanganakiwe embonini ye-intene, ifundisa abasanda kuthakazeli abakha i-scleac shjojoga manga. Lemizamo isiza ukuphikisana nenkathi yomlando eyaziwa isikhathi eside abadansikazi abangabonakali.

Izinhlangano ezifana ne-Anime Femist azivezi nje kuphela okuqukethwe kodwa futhi zinika iziphiwo zokuvela kwababhali besifazane nabangebona ababhishobhi abaphethe amabhande. Ukusekela okunjalo kokwembula izinto kuveza ukushintshwa kokuxoxa ngokuhileleka nje ukuze kuxhaswe. Ukuze i-fandom iqhubeke isebenzisana, lezi zisekelo zokwakha kumelwe zinwebe, ngokubambisana nabahleli bomhlangano kanye namapulatifomu agelezayo angakhulisa ngaphansi kwamazwi angeni elikhulu kunokuba awafake ezigabeni zokuhlela ezingeni eliphezulu.

Izindlela Zesikhathi Esizayo: NgaseFandom Egcwele Kakhulu

Isu lokuthonya kwabesifazane abathatha i-ayini abenzi bobulili akunazo futhi akuqinisekisiwe. Nakuba ukwaziswa okuphathelene nokwanda komphakathi nobufakazi obungasekelwe ekwakhekeni komphakathi kuholela ekungabini nandaba. Umngcele olandelayo uhilela ukunganaki kwabesilisa kanye kanye ezinhlanganweni zezesayensi: ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amabhodi omhlangano ahlukene, ukuthi imithombo yezindaba engenisa imishini yokuqasha esemthethweni ithatha imikhuba esemthethweni, futhi leyo nzuzo idlulela nakubacwaningi abafunda okuhlangenwe nakho kokuqashwa kwemiba.

Amapulatifomu angena eqenjini aphethe ithonya elikhulu lapho i-antime ithola khona imvume futhi ikhushulelwa khona. Njengoba izinkampani ezinjengo Crunchyroll no Netflix zandisa izikwele zazo zakuqala, zinethuba lokusekela ukusebenza kwabaphathi besifazane namaqembu okudala ahlukene phakathi kwabesilisa. Kakade, impumelelo yochungechunge olufana no- Bull Witch Ackademia[[ [i-FLT] [ikhuluwe] [i-Yoshinari] kodwa enziwe kakhulu yiqembu elixube-gender) nesenzakalo sembulunga yonke Slaye Slayes Slay [FLT] [ict:3] (eyeye-ihea iheamssssssss short [eved trand]) iveza ukuthi ukuxoxis ezithene ngente egcwele ezente nasematheni.

Izinhlangano zemfundo seziqala futhi ukuhileleka ekufundeni i-ayini njengendawo yokufunda imithombo yezindaba. Izifundo zempucuko ethandwayo yamaJapane zihlola ngokuqhubekayo ukuthi ubulili busebenza kanjani emiphakathini yabathandi bomculo, zikhuthaza abafundi ukuba bacabange ngokugxeka ngemizwelo kuyilapho behlonipha inkanuko ephehla amandla ezinto zokudlala. Lezizikole zemfundo, lapho zihlanganyela obala nomphakathi ngezincwadi ezifinyelelwe nangezinqhinga zemihlangano, ziqinisa ubuhlobo phakathi kobulili nabesifazane.

Ekugcineni, ikusasa lobulili obunamandla obusansikazi lisekelwe ekuqapheni kwabantu bonke kanye nasekuzimiseleni ukulalela labo abasemaceleni. Amandla omphakathi abelokhu ewukukwazi ukubuyisela inkanuko (kusukela ezinsukwini ezingaphansi komhlaba zetepe-expolaye ezibonisa ukuhlangana okukhulu. Ngokugxilisa amazwi abesifazane, abalandeli abangahambisani nezinsimbi, ne-LGBTQ+ abantu ngabanye, i-aimmydom ingabonisa indawo yempucuko lapho inkanuko nezindinganiso zentuthuko zikhona khona ngokushelela phambili. Imininingwane nezindaba zeshumi leminyaka elidlule zisikisela ukuthi ukwanda kuyakhahlela; kudinga isenzo sokuzimisela esivela kuwo wonke amacala omphakathi.

Isiphetho

I-Gendersss ezinhlangothini ze-aimer fardom isuka ekwakheni isizinda esingaphawulekiyo kuya emsebenzini womphakathi nenkulumo-mpikiswano. Isiqalo somsebenzi wokuzilibazisa wobudoda sabesilisa kakhulu sesaqala njengendawo eqinile, ebanzi lapho abesifazane nabalandeli abangezona izibhino bengahlanganyeli nje kuphela kodwa bathathe iqhaza. Ukuphikelela kwezinselele , ukunyakaza, nokuma kwemisebenzi ehlangene okuqhubekayo. Kodwa ukukhula kwenyathelo eliphelele, kanye nokubonakala okukhula kwemidali ezinhlobonhlobo zabadali nabathandi bezinto, kunikeza ibalazwe le-rom ebonakalisa ngempela ukwahlukahlukana kwembulunga yonke. Kubafundisi, abadali, nabathathi bezwe, ukuqonda lokhu akuwona umsebenzi wemfundo yezemfundo kodwa akubalulekile: ukubonakala kwempilo engcono yemindeni yabo bonke abathandi bayo.