Imvuthuluka Engokomlando Yenkathi YamaViking

Ukuze uqonde ubunzima bomhlatshelo iVanland Saga, kudingeka uqale uqonde izwe elawudala. Phakathi nekhulu lesi-8 nekhulu le-11, ama-Scandinavia aqala ukudubula ngaphandle, hhayi njengenkampane ye-monolithic, kodwa njengemiphakathi eyinkimbinkimbi eqhutshwa yindlala yomhlaba, ukuhwebelana, iziqeshana zezombangazwe, nempi egxilile. La maNorseton amisa imizila yokuhweba esuka eBaghdad ukuya eConstantinople, asungula umthetho [[FLT:] eNgilandi, futhi efudulase, eGreenlandland, nase-Greenland, naNyakatho, nakunyakatho, lonke uhambo. Uhambo ngalunye lwaluyindawo yokukhokha ucingo.

Umlando wangempela wamaViking ugcwele ukuthutha okubaliwe. Isikhulu esaqhuba abantu baso entshonalanga sinqamula i-Atlantic yaseNyakatho senziwa izakhiwo ezivamile zekhaya ngenxa yesithembiso sezingodo, amadlelo, nenkululeko. Indawo yemivubukulo e- i-Anse aux Meadows[ e-Newfoundat] iwubufakazi obuphathekayo bento eyenzekayo lapho ibala ifika engxenyeni yolwandle: isithili esincane saseNorte, esishiywe phakathi kwesizukulwane, hhayi ngenxa yokuhluleka komoya kodwa ngenxa yomhlatshelo wento eseleyo, ngenxa yonyangezwa yizwekazi elikhulu nenonya. Lokhu kungubufakazi obungabonakali obungasakhiyo obungasakhile. [FLT.N.FLP.][FLT][3]

I-Norse World View ngokwayo yakhiwa ngesisekelo somhlatshelo. i-blót imicikilisho, lapho izilwane noma ngisho nabantu banikelwa khona konkulunkulu, yabonisa inkolelo yokuthi indawo yonke idinga intengo engapheli. Inkosi inganikela ngendodana yayo e-Odin ukuze inqobe; umlimi anganikela ngenkani ukuze avune inkomo eyigugu. Le misebenzi yayingeyizenzo eziyize kodwa yayikholelwa ukuthi igobe ishwa. E-Iceland sagas, abalingi bavame ukukala izindleko zokulahlekelwa ukuphila. Lapho u-Egil Salgragrímsson eqa inkloza ikhanda lakhe, imihlatshelo yakhe yokuzidla ngenxa yokuphila kwakhe. Lapho umkhaya wakwaNj ungafuni ukukhokha inhlanhla ngenxa yezenzo zabo.

Abaholi: Iqhawe Elakhetha Ukuthula

Awukho umhlatshelo owenziwa eGaga ehlasimulisa kakhulu kunangoThorrs, uyise kaThorfinn. Uma nje umholi owesabekayo wamaJomsvivi makhosi, amaThors ngokuthula onjiniyela abafayo ukuze asindise indodana yakhe neqembu lakhe. Ufulathela inkazimulo yeqhawe, aphebeza ukufa kwakhe ukuze aphile njengomlimi osebeni oluyiqhwa le-Iceland. Lona umhlatshelo obalulekile wobukhulu obungalingani nobukhulu obuphezulu, kodwa ongowokwaziwa kwakhe kuphela. UThorss wadela uphawu aye wazile ukuze avikele umkhaya wakhe emjikelezweni wobudlova awusiza ukuba uqhubekisele phambili.

IMakoto Yukimura ixhumene ngamabomu nefilosofi kaThorrs engokomlando: ukusuka ekuhlaseleni kuya ekuhlalisekeni. Njengoba iNkathi yamaViking ikhula, imikhaya eminingi yamaNorse yathola ukuthi umklomelo wangempela awuphangwanga kodwa izwe elizinzile. Ihlanganisa lolushintsho. Itshela intsha uThorfinn, “Iqhawe leqiniso alidingi nkemba,” umugqa owembula izinqumo zokuphila okungenakulinganiswa amaNorma, impela abafonsi ababophaka ikusasa labo ekuthuleni kunokuba bakhululeke. I-odobo lifunda okwengeziwe ngobunzima phakathi kwempucuko nenhlalo nenhlalo phakathi kwezilwane, ungahlola imithombo [FOLD:] Isayensi yeMilando yezelifa [FLD] [FFF1]. Izilwane zakhe eziqhakazini, kodwa ziyo, futhi zifuna ukubulala impumelelo yenhlane yenhlane yenhlane yen, kodwa ingu lenkovu lenkovu enzipho.

Kodwa uThorrs unakho futhi ukuzwa umhlatshelo ngokuthula. Ngokukhetha ukuthula, ulahla yona kanye inqubo eyake yachazwa, ashiye igebe ephila ngendodana yakhe u - Adelad liyogcwala. uThorfinn wakhula ekhonza isipoki, engaqondi ukuthi uyise ngempela wayeyi-"impela" indoda eyakhetha ukuba umlimi", iyiqhawe ngempela. Lokhu kufunda umhlatshelo kuyinhlekelele. Inkemba yale ndodana yakhe iyakuyinikela ukuze iphile ezweni elingenazinkemba, kodwa uThorfinn aphakamise inhlamvu njengesikhumbuzo kuyise angakaze ayazi. Insimbi ibuhlungu: Ngezinye izikhathi umhlatshelo ohloselwe ukuphula umjikelezo esikhundleni sokuqhubeka kwayo.

Indlela KaThorfinn Yokuphindisela Neyokukhululwa

Uma amahhorf ezidela ukuze kuthulwe ukuthula, uThorfinn udela konke kuqala okuphambene: impindiselo. Ngemva kokubukela uyise efa, umfana uzikhulula kunoma iliphi iphupho ngaphandle kokubulala u-Astered. Uthengisa ubuntwana bakhe, ikhampasi yakhe yokuziphatha, futhi ekugcineni yena ngokwakhe isintu sakhe ukuze abe yithuluzi lokubulala. Lokhu kuwumhlatshelo obalulekile ozalwa ngokushaqisayo, kodwa futhi kuwukubonakaliswa okusontekile kwesiko samaViking esinecala, lapho udumo lwabafileyo lufuna khona imbuyiselo egazini. UThorfinn ujoyina i-Is - jodd akathembekile; kuwukugembula okuphelele okuwukwenza umphefumulo wakhe ugebelele ngokwaneleyo ukuba ucwe.

Izindleko ezingokwengqondo ziyabhubhisa. UThorfinn uba yize, umfuziselo ophilayo walokho i-Iceland sags ekubiza ngokuthi . (]).[misfortune walethwa ukuziphindisela. Iqonga lakhe libonisa ukuthi umhlatshelo ongenakuphela okwakhayo ukuzibulala kancane kancane. Ngeminyaka engaphezu kweshumi, akatholi lutho oluphuphayo. Ukuhluleka kwakhe okusemqophelweni wokuzikhethela kuyacaca kakhulu lapho u-Iscellad efa ngenye isandla, ukuphanga uThorfinn wenjongo yakhe ngokuphelele. Kube kamuva, njengesigqila esisepulazini sikaKetil, ukuthi uqala ukubuyisela umhlatshelo kayise owenziwa kuyise, kodwa ukuguqula amandla akhe ekwakhekeni. Isakhiwo esinguwoyela ekukhiqini kwesakhiwo seze isakhiwo se-Vin.

Umphakathi wepulazi uqala ukuveza ukuthi uYukimura ugcwele ubuqili ngempela. Umsebenzi kaThorfinn njengesigqila uwuhlobo lokuzihlawulisa, kodwa futhi uwumhlatshelo wesiko lokuqhosha kweqhawe lakhe. Uzithoba esiswelweni, afunde ukutshala nokuvuna, futhi athole ukuthi umjikelezo othulile wokuhlwayela nokuvuna ungapholisa amanxeba eshumi leminyaka lobudlova. Lokhu akuwona ukukhululwa okukhazihlobisayo, ukujuluka, ukujuluka, futhi ngokuvamile kululaza. Kodwa yilokho kanye izakhamuzi zangempela zaseNorse ababhekana nakho lapho besuka ekuhlaseleni abalimi. Inhlabathi yase-Icelandrea yayingayinakekeli idumela lomuntu; yayifuna ukujuluka nokubekezela. UThofin akakho umhlatshelo wezwe wakhe wokuqala wefilosofi uchaza ifilosofi yakhe kamuva.

U - Askelead: I - Master Stratep Ebhala Ngemihlatshelo Yakhe Efihliwe

Lucius Artorius Castel, owaziwa kangcono ngokuthi i-Isterelad, unguchwepheshe wobuqili kakhulu we-saga, futhi konke ukuphila kwakhe kungumhlatshelo ogunyaziwe. Indodana yowesifazane waseWales oyisihamu ogqitshwe isigqila nendoda ehlaselayo yase-Norse, u-Ashelad udela noma yisiphi isici esifana nesinye. Uhamba phakathi kwezwe, ufihla ifa lakhe langempela, ekhonza njengebhuloho nensilifa phakathi kwe-Danish ne-Wales. Isinqumo sakhe sokuvikela iWales/ne", ngisho nangezindleko zokuphila kwakhe siqu, . //edabulasha okungasi okungabonakala kufana nokufa kwakhe. Lapho esengumphathi wenkosi uSweyn futhi evusa ukufa kwakhe, uhwebo ngenxa yezithano ze-Wales eziyo.

I-acellad ye-Normandy, yenza i-aceldad yezezombangazwe nezindawo ezingokomlando zabaholi ababuswa amaphithiphithi abaphazamisana namasiko phakathi nenkathi yamaViking. Izikhulu eziningi, njenge- i-librato ye-Normand, yenza i-paltation entsha yezombangazwe ngokuhlanganisa amandla amaNorseth namasiko endawo. Ungafunda ngezihloko ezikhangayo ezibonisa ukuma kwesiphamba okukhanga kangaka okuhamba ngesiphambano emoyeni phakathi kwezindawo phakathi kwezwe phakathi kwenkathi ye-Divikini. Ungafunda ngezihloko ezithiwe ezimboze [FLT] i-spoctony[FLT]. Uphenya umhlatshelo wesihla ngokufaka umhlatshelo wesihle. Ngamanye amazwe angazisola ukukhipha isihle somhlatshelo, kodwa angaziveza inguquko esiwujuqu. Inganga kuphela ukuthi afuna ukukhipha i-unyuko.

Kodwa umhlatshelo ka-Accellad awunabugovu ngokuphelele. Uthwala ubunzima bokuthotshiswa kukanina nobegazi lamaRoma emithanjeni yakhe. Ngokuzibiza igama lakhe ngenkosi yasenganekwaneni u-Artorius, uthatha ifa eliyiphupho nomthwalo. Konke ukuphila kwakhe kuklanyelwe ukuveza isithunzi ebekiwe. Uma ekugcineni ekhetha ukufa, akagcini ngokuvikela iWales kodwa futhi ubalekela ukuphila okungapheli. Umhlatshelo wekhethelo uba isenzo senkululeko. U-Askeld, isipho esikhulu kakhulu angazinikela ngaso sisho ukufa okusho ukuthi, ukunyakazisa kokugcina ebhodini eyohlupha izitha zakhe. Kuyisikhumbuzo esikhulu kakhulu ngezinye izikhathi esikhumbuza abanye ukuthi umhlatshelo ophilayo kodwa isijeziso esisebenzayo.

Ukushintsha Kwe - Canute Nenani Lokuvelela

Ukuguqulwa kweNkosana Canute isuka kumfana owesabayo iya enkosini ethanda insimbi kugunyazwe umhlatshelo wesimiso owesabekayo: ibulala ubumsulwa bayo siqu. Ngemva kokufa kukaRagnar, uyise nomsizi wakhe, uCanute ubhekana nemingcele yothando nobufakazi bokuthi umbuso okumelwe awubuse ngeke wakhiwe ngozwela kuphela. Wenza isinqumo esiqotho sokumukela unya, enze imihlatshelo ngesimo sakhe esimnene, futhi athathe umthwalo wegunya elifana nonkulunkulu. Lokhu kumenza aphumele ngaphandle kwababulali bakayise futhi ekugcineni alahle uMbuso waseNyakatho Lwandle.

Ngokwezomlando, uCanute oyiNkulu. Umhlatshelo wakhe obalulekile uhlanganisa iNgilandi, iDenmark, neNorway, kodwa ngenhlanganisela yempi, ukusebenzelana kombuso, nokuhlangana konya. I-Canute’s searctic idlala uvalo oluhambisana nesifiso esinjalo sokuvelela. Umhlatshelo wakhe obalulekile uhlukanisa imizwelo; uhwebelana nabantu bakhe ngesiyalo esidingekayo ekuyaleni. IVin Saga[ i-Canute iba yisibuko senkosi yangempela edinga ukuva i-meomss, okungante, okungaqinile, okungahlangane, inkosi kumelwe ngezinye izikhathi inikele kanye kanye ebuhlotsheni bayo. Isinqumo sayo sokuthulisa i-Van Saga ne-partedsssssss i-Age ishovey engathi ukuqina kwenkankala: ukuqina.

Esinye sezikhathi ezihlasimulisa kakhulu kuloluchungechunge silapho uCanute eyala ukubulawa kwesosha elithembekile elalizoqhubeka libonisa nje amandla alo. Alikwenzi ngonya, likwenza ngoba isihe sibonakala njengobuthakathaka. Umhlatshelo wokuphila okukodwa kuyintengo encane ukukhokha ukuze kuqiniseke umbuso. Le senzakalo sibonisa umlando wangempela wamakhosi asendulo aye aqhubeka ehlola amandla awo ngezenzo zonya. Ubuntu bukaCanute bubonisa ukuthi imihlatshelo ewusizo ayilokhu isho ukuthi unikela okuthile okubalulekile ngenxa yokunikeza okuthile okuthandwa nguwe, futhi njalo, ithatha okuthile komunye umuntu ukuze athole umgomo omkhulu. Inhlekelele kaCannute isho ukuthi isuke idinga ngempela ukuba abe yikho, futhi yenza lokho afuna ukuba akwenze esikhundleni sakhe sokuqala.

Iphupho LaseVinland Nomhlatshelo Oyinhloko

Ingqungquthela ye-saga ifika lapho uThorfinn ekugcineni efunda iThorrs futhi ejika-jika kusukela ejoni ukuya ekwakheni isakhiwo. Uhambo lweVinland, oluya phambili, olungekhona nje umgomo wezwe, ukuhlanganisa indawo ezungezile, futhi kuwumhlatshelo wendlela yamaViking engokwesiko. uThorfinn uzimisele ukushiya umjikelezo wokuhlasela nokuphindisela futhi athole izwe elingenazo izigqila noma izinkemba. Udela idumela lakhe siqu phakathi kwabantu besikhathi sakhe, induduzo yakhe, futhi ngokunokwenzeka ukuphila kwakhe ukwakha umphakathi onokuthula ogwini olukude lapho kungekho muntu okhuluma khona ulimi lwakhe lobudlova.

Leliphupho linomthelela ongokomlando oqondile. Ngonyaka ka-1000, uLeif Erikson , futhi kamuva umfowabo uThorvaldd nodadewabo uGudrid − yaqinisa i-Norsese imizamo yokulungisa iVinland, indawo ezungeze i-Gulf of St.Lawrence ne-Newfoundland. Ungafunda ukucatshakwa okuhle kakhulu kwaloluhambo lwamagebedube [[FLL:2] i-Smithsonian Magazine ye-Nor eMelika[[FLTLT]]. Uvavanyo lwangempela lweVinland lwaluwumhlatshelo omkhulu kakhulu: Norselsehse, uhamba ungena emasimini ongaziwa kakhulu, futhi ekugcineni uhlengahlengahlenga ngenxa yentengo yezinyawo. Uthusimethi wasendulo uqaphele enzile umnikelo wasendulo. Ume uG.

Kodwa inhlekelele yaseVinland iwukuthi kungenzeka ayisebenzi. Umlando ubonisa ukuthi idolobha laseNorse eMelika alizange liphumelele phakathi neminyaka embalwa, lisheshiswe ukuphikisana namaSkræling (igama lesiNorse elisho abantu bomdabu) nobunzima obukhulu bokulondoloza imigqa yokuthutha enqamule i-Atlantic. Indaba kaYu Yu Yu Yu Yumuraura, engakapheli ngokugcwele eManga, kubonakala sengathi iphokophele emphumeleni ofanayo. Impumelelo kaThorfinn ingaba yisibonakaliso esimsulwa somhlatshelo wekhethelo kuyo yonke iSa·__hern, kuhlanganise nekusasa lakhe, ngoba umbono umlando ositshela wona ngokwawo usitshela wona ubhujisi isiphetho. Kodwa imihlatshelo eminingi ayiqiniseki ukuthi leyo impumelelo ingenzeka, kodwa labo abahlulekangakho. UThorfinn uyakwazi ukukhomba umphane. UHin.

Ifa Elihlala Njalo Lemihlatshelo Ehlelekile

IVinland Saga isebenzisa umqondo womhlatshelo owenziwe ngempumelelo ukuze iphinde iqonde indlela esiziqonda ngayo kokubili abalingiswa abaqanjiwe nabantu abangokomlando. I-Ashel inikela ngesibonakaliso sakhe sempi ukuze avikele indodana yakhe, futhi lesosenzo esisodwa sokuthula sisho ukudlula emashumini amane eminyaka endaba. UThurfinn unikela ngobuntwana bakhe ekuphindiseleni okuyize, kodwa aziphinde azenze umhlatshelo omkhulu wobudlelwanoshede ezweni lezinkemba. U-Ashel wanikela ngokuphila kwakhe nefa lakhe eshanjeni elilodwa ukuze avikele iWales futhi avulele indlela ka-Cante. Ungenza imihlatshelo yobushalanti ngenxa yombuso. Esimweni ngasinye, umhlatshelo awukho ukuphela kwesinqumo kodwa uqobo, lowo owakhanya futhi wakha izinhluza ezintsha.

Kubafundi abanesithakazelo emithonjeni yangempela yenkathi ephakathi eyaphembelela uYukimura, iSaga Idimodual inikeza izinguqulo ezibanzi zeVínland sagas kanye neminye imibhalo echazayo yona kanye ukudayisa lezizinhlamvu zamagama. i-Viking Age yabunjwa amakhulu emisebenzi engaziwa: obaba abasala bezovikela ipulazi lapho amadodana ehamba entshonalanga, abaholi abamukela ubuKristu ukuze baqinise izivumelwano zezohwebo, nemiphakathi eyashiya iGreenlandland lapho isimo sezulu sibaguqula. [[FLT:][FLT]][FLT] i-Sagland] [12:3] i-rolectedssssss angokomlando omkhulu bengenamdlandla, isikhumbuza ukuthi umlando awukhozi itsheka kakhulu kodwa umkhumbi womuntu ngamunye, kodwa ugoboshelwa yinkomba owe.

Ngaphandle kwabalingiswa abayinhloko, loluchungechunge luhlola futhi ukuzidela kwabantu abambalwa abavame ukuqashelwa. uEinar, umngane kaThorfinn kanye nesigqila esikanye naye, udela ukubonakala kwakhe njengomlimi ukuze aphumele emakethe enonya. Hild, umzingeli olahlekelwa umkhaya wakhe eThorfinn, kumelwe adele isifiso sakhe sokuziphindisela ngokuhlanganyela nohambo lweVinland. Ngisho nabalimi abanikela isivuno sabo ukuze basekele izindleko, amatilosi ashiya lemindeni yabo ngemva kwe-C. Indaba igcizelela ukuthi akekho umuntu owakha izwe yedwa; wonke amahektare athengwa ngokubona nokuphana kwalabo abaza ngaphambi kwalokho.

Ukukhanya kwaloluchungechunge kuwukuthi alulokothi luvumele izilaleli zikhohlwe izindleko. Ngaleyondlela inzuzo, ukuthula, amandla, ikhokhelwa kusengaphambili ngokuthile okujulile. Njengoba uphinde ubuye uvule amagasi noma ubukele i-aine, qaphela indlela umhlatshelo ngamunye, icebo noma ishwa, unyakazo olungaphandle ukuze kuchazwe ukuphila kwalabo abasinda. Ngaleyondlela, [Sainland ayisawulandeli umlando; ufundisa iqiniso elinzima ngokuhola, uthando, nokuhlala njalo: izinto ezizifanelekelayo kuphela lezo esizimisele ukuzinikela ngazo.