Mushishi, uchungechunge olutusekayo lukaYuki Urushibara, lumema izibukeli ezweni lapho imingcele phakathi kokuphila, ukufa, kanye nezingabonakali ingagxilile kodwa iwuketshezi. Uma ibekwa eJapane engaphelelwa isikhathi, esemaphandleni, ilandela iGinko, “umhishi” ohlola [[[FL:0]] [[FLD] [[FLD]] [] [] izidalwa ezingekho imingcele ekhona phakathi kokuphila, futhi ezingabonakali, ezingekho moya noma izidalwa ezingokoqobo. Lezizidalwa zikhona esisekelweni sokuphila, ezingabonakali kakhulu, ezibangela ukuba kwenzeke izinto zemvelo, zikwazi ukubheka ukuthi zibulele kusiphi isimo semvelo, zisuka entweni enesimo esingavamile esiwuhlobo esingenakubonwa ngaphandle kwenhlazakhelele, i-Mushimston, i-ston, ewubuningi kakhulu i-spirin, ewubulongweni, ewubuningi kakhulu, ewubuswa yizinto ezithandwayo, futhi engabonakali, uma ikhona, uma ikhona, efuna ukukholelwa kakhulu, uma ikhona, uma ikhona, ikhona, futhi i

Isimo Sesishi Njengokuphila Okunonya

Ukuze aqonde indlela Mushishi achaza ngayo ukuphila kwangemva kokufa, kumelwe kuqala aqonde u-mushi ngokwakhe. Ichazwa uGinko njengezinhlobo eziyisisekelo zokuphila, mushi ukhona esimweni esiseduze kakhulu namandla ahlanzekile noma amandla abalulekile kunasezinto eziphilayo. Zingafana nama-moteteta okukhanya, agelezayo, noma ngisho nendawo yonke yezinto eziphilayo ezifihlekile ezintabeni zentaba. Ezinye zinciphe kakhulu kangangokuba zivele zinyamane ngemva kwesenzo esisodwa, njenge- “mushish ebamba umsindo bese incithakazela. Ezinye, njenge-mushi yetshesi,” ezingazibophamba uhlazalo lomkhaya wezizukulwane. Ngokungalindelekile, u-mushi unjalo ukhona, u-fukungazeki, futhi awubangelwa yisilinganiso sohlobo oluthile, futhi awukho umphandleko. Uma nje umphumela wokuphila kungukuncane.

Umjikelezo Wokuphila, Ukufa Nokuzalwa Ngokuzalwa

Enye yezihloko eziphikelela kakhulu zikaMushishi ukuthi ukuphila nokufa akukona okuphambene kodwa kunezimo eziphakathi kwe-second. Izenzakalo eziningi zibonisa abalingi ababanjwa phakathi kwezifundazwe − kodwa abakhangwayo kodwa abakhalwayo ngokomzimba kodwa sebekhona kodwa kakade kodwa bangena ngokomzimba kodwa bangena kwenye indawo. Ngokwesibonelo, “Ukukhanya kwe-Eyelidi,” umfana omncane uqala isimo seso esimenza abone isimo sikanina ofile. U-Mushi udla ubumnyama futhi udale izithebe kangangokuba umfana alahle impela. Ukungenela kukaGinko akuvele nje kungenele “umfana; kumsiza ukuba aqonde ukuthi um - mushi akamthandi ngenhloso inhloso ephilayo kodwa usekela insali ephilayo.

Lombono uvumelana eduze nomqondo wobuBuddha wamassagara, noma umjikelezo wokuzalwa, ukufa, nokuzalwa kabusha, nakuba umMushi esusa ubunzima bokuziphatha be-karma. Lolu chungechunge asikisela ukuthi abantu baphinde baqalwe baqaphele; kunalokho, [[FLT:] ukwenzeka kokuphila [ kubuye kubuye kube khona ngezindlela eziningi, okunye kwalokho okungaletha ukudabuka lapho kuvela khona usizi oluvela khona ngokungaqondakali komuntu. Ukufa, kulo kwakhiwa, akuyona inguquko, hhayi ukuphela. Nakuba kunjalo, uGinko utshela labo abafileyo ukuthi abahlala bekhona kodwa baba ingxenye yezwe, ukuba babuye bazizwele induduzo lapho beveza ukudaleka kwayo.

Izibonelo Zemingcele Efiphele

Uchungechunge lugcwele izindaba ezibonisa lokhu kungcola. “ELwandle lwenye izinkanyezi,” umama owashonelwa indodakazi yakhe ngobunye ubusuku uthola ukuthi lesidalwa siguqule izinkumbulo zentombazane zaba iqoqo lokukhanya ngaphansi kolwandle. Ngokungena emanzini, angaphindela phambili enkathini yokuphila kwendodakazi yakhe, afihle umugqa phakathi kwenkumbulo nokuba khona. Okuhlangenwe nakho akuyibuyiseli intombazane ngomqondo ongokomzimba, kodwa kunikeza ukuxhumana okuqhubekayo, kusikisela ukuthi abafileyo bayaqhubeka ezingqondweni nasentsalelani ezingokomzimba. Uma kubhalwa ngomuntu ngamunye, esinye isenzakalo, “Umfula, uveza umfa omkhulu ozobhubhisa indalo ekhona lapha.

Ukuqaphela Nokuphila Ngaphandle Komzimba

Mushi akawugodli umbuzo wokuthi ingabe ukwazi ukuzwa kungasinda ekuweni komzimba yini. Nakuba uchungechunge lungakuvumi ngokucacile ukuphila okungokwesiko nemiphefumulo ehamba ngendiza ehlukile, lunikeza u-mushi obonakala ephethe ithonya lentando yomuntu, umzwelo, noma inkumbulo. “KuyiNyaka eFalls neNainbow Burn Buss,” indoda eyanikezela ukuphila kwayo ukuze iphishekele ukuphila okunjengombango u-Mushi iguqukela entweni eqhubeka izulazula efuna ubuhle, isikhathi eside ngemva kokuba umzimba wayo uyekile ukusebenza. Inkanuko yomuntu iba ukuphikelela okufana nokuphikelela, ukuba khona okungazwiwa ngisho nokuhlangana. Lokhu kusikisela ukuthi izinga lokuphila komuntu uqobo nokwemvelo ithonya izwe.

Lomqondo uzwakala ekuqondeni kobuShinto [[FLT: 0]] kami, lapho imimoya ingavela khona ngokuthuthumela kwezenzakalo ezingokwemvelo, okhokho, noma ngisho nemizwelo ejulile. Khona - ke, ungachazwa njengokwenezelwa kwalezwe lemimoya engabonakali engokwemvelo: ucezu lokuhlangenwe nakho komuntu, ube yinto ezimele ehamba ngenkaba. uGinko ngokwakhe uyisibonelo salenswela. Njengomfana, wathintwa yiso elilodwa futhi walahlekelwa ibala lakhe elivamile, waba yibhuloho phakathi kwabantu nezindawo ezivamile. Ukuphila kwakhe kubonisa ukuthi umngcele phakathi komuntu nowethu, futhi ufile, ukhona, ukhona kanye nowengeziwe. [ngengomqondo ojulile wobuShintom] [Flony]

Umsuka Wesiko EJapane Follore

Ingxenye enkulu yemifanekiso kaMushishi yesikhathi sangemva kokufa ivela ezinkolelweni zamaJapane akudala, lapho indalo iphila khona nemimoya futhi abafileyo behlala khona besondelene kakhulu nabaphilayo. Isiko livame ukuveza yōkai[]. [izidalwa ezingokwemvelo ezikwaziyo ukubulala futhi ezivikelayo, njengalapho zihlala emifuleni, izintaba, ngisho nezinto ezihlala khona. I-Mushi iveliswa njengendlela eyisisekelo kakhulu yale nkolelo, incishi yezimiso zokuziphatha futhi iphothwe kakhulu emithethweni yemvelo. Lokhu kuveza uchungechunge lwezinganekwane lukwazi ukuhlola ukufa ngendlela yasendulo neyomhlaba wonke, kunokuba kubonakale njengezinto zefilosofi ezingabonakali.

Ukuzwa kungathiwa kulungile ukuzwa ubuhlungu akunalwazi, ukuqaphela okubuhlungu kokudluliswa kwezinto, kugcwele kuzo zonke izenzakalo. Abakhona bavame ukwamukela ukulahlekelwa hhayi ngokuthola ukuthi kuvaliwe, kodwa ngokuqaphela ukuthi ubuhlungu bokungalawuleki buyingxenye yobuhle bokuphila. Uma owesifazane osemusha “eMbusweni weNyangeni” eqaphela ukuthi iphunga lembali ekhangayo ayithandi ngempela ingumushi ozoqhekeka ngokushesha, ukukhetha kwakhe kokujabulela umzuzwana kunokuba abambelele kuyo ifilosofi. UFilofifi, akuyona indawo enokuthula kodwa umkhondo wokuphila odlulayo, futhi uhlonishwa ngenkumbulo. [uFoffony]

Ukubaluleka Kwezinga Eliphansi Nelesisizungu

Olunye ungqimba lomqondo wangemva kokufa kukaMushi lusuka embonweni wobuBuddha we ÚNANATā, nakuba uchungechunge luphinde luwusebenzisa njengesankondlo kunemfundiso eqinile. Ama-Mushi achazwa njengezidalwa zezembulo , izidalwa eziphuma ezikhaleni zezwe, ekuthuleni, emkhathini, noma emkhathini phakathi komoya. “Mura” mushi, ngokwesibonelo, uvela ezindlini ezishini ezishiywe futhi anciphe uma ezwa izwi lomuntu. Zibonakala zimelela ukuphila okuphuma ngokuqondile lapho umuntu ephuma. Lokhu kusikisela ukuthi sicabanga ukuthi ubumnyama, noma ubumnyama obukhona bugcwele ngendlela ehlukile, njengokuthi ukuphila okulula, njengensali kwendlu efile.

Uchungechunge luvame ukusebenzisa uGinko njengohlobo lombono oluthi ngenxa yesimo sakhe esididayo, luqonde lelizwe elifihliwe. Ukuvuma kwakhe ngokuthula ukuthi ukukhululeka − ngeqiniso lokuthi cishe akasoze azi ukuthi yini ekugcineni emlindele, kubonakalisa isimo esikhona esithola ukuthula emfihlakalo. Kulokhu kuvame ukugajwa ngezimpendulo nangamandla, ukuzithiba kukaMushi kukhulu. Kuhleba ukuthi indlela engcono kakhulu yokudumisa abafileyo akudingi ukubuya kwabo kodwa ukuqaphela ukuthi sebeguqukele kokunye futhi, into eseyiyo namanje.

Ukuvumelana Nemvelo Njengendlela Yokuqonda Ukufa

Indima ye-mushishi, njengoba iwuhlanganisa, akuyona ukubusa imvelo noma ukukhulula isintu ekubambeni kwayo, kodwa ukubuyisela ukulingana [ lapho i-mushi nezidingo zomuntu kungqubuzana. Lendlela elinganiselwe, engokwemvelo idlulela kuloluchungechunge lokuphatha ukufa. UGinko akathembisi ukuvusa abafileyo noma ngisho nokudambisa usizi ngokuphelele. Kunalokho, unikeza ulwazi olungasiza abaphilayo ukuba baphile kanye noMushi abaphethe imikhondo yabafile. Kulo mbono owe-Piahrow,” owesifazane ofe umyeni wakhe uthola ukuthi ushi uhlala emqamelwe abuye emcamelweni wakhe, anikeze amaphupho akhe akhululeke. UGin akasho ukuthi uGin akasi sixazululi i-mushi, kodwa uyakwazi ukunikeza induduzo elule i-in, kodwa usho ukuthi umehluko ophelele, kodwa usho ukuthi uyavuma ukuthi umbiko ovukile.

Lokhu kuvumelana nemvelo akuyona nje into efunwa umuntu siqu kodwa ingokwenhlalo. Lolu chungechunge lubonisa amadolobhana ahlala ndawonye namasiko neminikelo, avuma ngokungenaphutha ukuthi ukufa nokuphila kuyizenzakalo zomphakathi. Ukusekelana ngokuhlanganyela izindaba zabafileyo, ngokugcina amathuna lapho kuqoqwa khona i-mushi, nangokuqaphela ukuthi abafileyo bahlala ezweni ababelithanda. Ngale ndlela, ukufa kuyinto engokoqobo, eqiniswa yinkumbulo ehlangeneyo kanye nobuphathi bomhlaba. Ifilosofi iveza ubuhlobo obuseduze phakathi kwabantu nobukami obuchazwe ekukhulekelweni kwemvelo yaseJapane, njengoba kuchazwe [[FLD:] BC ukucaza komcandelwa kwezinkolelo zemvelo yobuShinto [FLD [FFF:]].[FLD]

Ifa Lezenzo Nendlela Yokuphila Efana Ngayo

Uma ukufa kungushintsho esikhundleni sokuphela, uhlobo oluhlala njalo kakhulu lokuphila ngemva kokufa eMushishi luyimiphumela ehlala njalo yezenzo zomuntu. Izindaba eziningi zisekelwe embonweni wokuthi uthando, unya, noma ukuzinikezela kungena emhlabeni phakathi nokuphila kubangela amaza aqhubeka ngemva kokuba inhliziyo ishaya. “Imbewu Enamandla,” umuntu utshala imbewu ekhulela ehlathini likamushi elithwala ubunzima bokuhlupheka komuntu. Eminyakeni eminingi ngemva kokufa kwakhe, lezombewu ziyaqhubeka ziqhakaza inkathi ngayinye yokuphila, ziphilisa labo abazithintayo. Lokhu kuyifa lobubele eliba ingxenye engokoqobo yendawo, uhlobo lwendawo yangemva kokufa.

Ngokufanayo, “uLwandle Lwamancwadi” lukhuluma ngowesifazane owazinikela ekubhaleni izindaba zakhe ezibhalwe ephepheni elixutshiwe; ngemva kokudlula, i-mushi yalondoloza amazwi akhe, yakha umtapo ophilayo okwazi ukufinyelela kuwo izizukulwane ezizayo. Ukwazi kwakhe kungase kungaqhubeki ngomqondo ongokoqobo, kodwa imicabango yakhe yangaphakathi ngokomzwelo / ." iyaqhubeka isebenza, isimo sokungafi ngengxenye yempucuko. Izindaba ezinjalo zikhuthaza izilaleli ukuba zicabangele ukuthi “Ingabe ukhona ufile?” kungasekubaluleke kakhulu kunokuthi“ Ukuba khona kunjani engiyokushiya emuva?” Ngokushintsha ukugxila ekuphileni komuntu siqu ukuze kuqhubeke nokuhamba kokuphila, Mushishiframe ekufeni ukuze zihlanganyele okuthile okukhulu, isimiso sokuziphatha esibonakala singenangqondo futhi sithinta isimo esiphuthumayo.

Ukuhlakanipha Okusebenzayo Okuvela Efilosofini KaMushi

Nakuba umshishi engalinciphisa izihloko zayo ekusebenziseni isimilo esilula, inikeza indlela enokuthula yokuqondisa labo ababhekene nemibuzo yokufa. Okokuqala, isikisela ukuthi ukuqonda u-mushi ngokuqonda, ukuqonda inqubo efihliweyo yezwe elingokwemvelo. Uma ukufa kubhekwa njengokungaphucuzeki kodwa njengokubuyela ekuphumeni komsinga, kuba lula ukwamukela. Okwesibili, uchungechunge lusekela inani ukuba khona [FLT] . Indima kaGin ivame ukuba ufakazi, othile olalela izindaba ezihluphekayo, uyavuma, futhi unikeza ukuqonda abantu ukuqhubekela phambili kobuhlungu.

Okwesithathu, umMushishi ugcizelela ukubaluleka ko . IGinko ayinakusindisa wonke umuntu, futhi izenzakalo eziningi ziphele ngokuvala okungahleleki. Izimpawu zilahla abathandekayo unomphela; zonke indalo zinyama zinyamalala. Lokhu ukuvuma ukulinganiselwa akukuqedi ukulwa kobuProto kodwa ukubuyisana okuvuthiwe nendlela izinto eziyiyo. Esikhathini esingokwesiko esivame ukufuna umkhiqizo nokulawula ngisho nokufa, izihloko zime njengendawo yokuzimelana ngokuthula, zisimema ukuba sihlale nabathandekayo unomphela, sithole ubuhle kulokho okugelezayo ngeminwe yethu.

Isiphetho: Ukuphila Nemfihlakalo

Ekugcineni, umMushishi akanikezi imfundiso eyodwa eqondeneyo yokuphila kwangemva kokufa. Kunalokho, unikeza iprism abaningi abangase baphile ngayo ngemva kokuphila bangabonwa: ukuphikelela kwenkumbulo ezweni lemvelo, ukuguqulwa komuntu abe yizenzakalo ezifana nezemvelo, ithonya eliqhubekayo lezenzo zomuntu, kanye nokuthula kokuhlangana kokuphila. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ifilosofi ngokwako kuyisimo sefilosofi. Ngokwenqaba ukusho ukuthi ulwazi oluphelele, loluchungechunge ludumisa imfihlakalo yokufa nesithunzi salabo okumelwe baphile kanye nayo. Zonke izenzakalo zingaba yithonya lokuzindla ngobuhle bobudlelwane obudlulayo, futhi zithathele ukuzwana okumangalisayo kokuthula okukhona.