Izwe le-ayime livame ukuxoxwa ngelens yabantu abahlala e-genere, ne-shoujo kanye ne-yosei zimi njengezinsika ezimbili ezihlukanisa ngokucacile izibukeli zabesifazane. Ngokungafani ne-shoun noma i-seinen, ngokuvamile ehlulekayo ukubonana nabesilisa, lezi zigaba zikhuthaza ukuphenywa okujulile kokuthi ubani ophethe iphuzu elilandiso lombono. Lesi sihloko sihlola umqondo womuntu wesifazane obuka phakathi kwe-shoujo ne-josim, sihlaziya indlela lezi misebenzi ezakha izihloko zabesifazane, zibekela inselele imisebenzi engokwesifazane, futhi zinikeze incazelo ephikisanayo ebanzi eqondeni elivelele, iziqu zobungcweti, izindlela zokuhlola, nokulandisa, singakuqonda kangcono ukubaluleka kokubona abesifazane ngamehlo.

Ukuchaza UShoujo NoJosei: Akubona Nje Ukubhala Ngezibalo

I-Suhojo ne-josei kuvame ukuchazwa nje ngeminyaka yabo eyisisulu: i-houjo yamantombazane aneminyaka esukela kweyishumi kuya kwengu-18, ne-josei yabesifazane abadala. Nokho lokhu kubizwa kwabantu abaningi ngamagama ahlukile amafilosofi alandisayo afakwe kuwenye. i-Shoujo yavela ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20 njengendlela yokubhala ehlukile yokubhala nabona, ethonywe kakhulu yisimo sesikole nayi-athonsic ye [FLT:] i-mitu sujo [[FLT:] [FFFOLT] [5] [FFELT] [elF] [elFF] [elF] [elg] [i.] [i.FElm] [i, njengeqembu elisemthethweni lokunyathelisa, eliqinileyo, futhi elingasetshenziswa kakhulu ngenxa yalezi, izihloko ezithinta izihloko ezithinta inhliziyo. kodwa ulimi oluqinile, kodwa ulimi lwabesifazane, lusebenza ngenxa yolimi oluqinile.

Ukulandisa kwe-Shoujo kuvame ukuveza izingxabano ngaphakathi. Isimo esingokomzwelo salowo protagon siyisimo esiyinhloko, futhi izenzakalo zangaphandle zisiza ekukhanyiseleni ukukhula kwangaphakathi. Ngokungafani, uJosei, ususa izingxabano zangaphandle ngezakhiwo zezezentengiselwano, umshado, ukudalelwa kwezomnotho, ukufinyelelwa okujulile kwemicabango ye-heroinère. Zombili i-genres, nokho, zihlanganyela isibopho esiyisisekelo: zimema izilaleli ukuba zifike ku-'ithayithi [] ikhono lobudodaba lwn, uma nje zingayiqapheli.

Igasi Lesifazane: Ithuluzi Eliklanyelwe Ukulihlola

Igama elithi “amadoda abuka” lachazwa ngokudume kakhulu isazi se-movie uLaura Mulvey ngo-1975 ukuchaza indlela izikhundla ezinkulu zamabhayisikobho abesifazane njengezizinto ezingekho ezihambisana nenjabulo yabesilisa ababukayo bengowesilisa. Owesifazane ubuka, njengempendulo egxekayo, akamane nje aphendule ngokubili. Kunalokho, kuchaza uzwela, u-agniferator, kanye nokungavumelani kwezifiso eziningi ezingancishisiwe ebuntsheni bobulili. E-aine, owesifazane ubheka ngokunaka ingaphakathi, ukubukisa ubuhlobo obuqinile njengenhlangothi obubodwayo nebungathandekiyo, nokulahla iziqesha zemizimba yabesifazane ezihlolwa abantu besilisa.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukubuka kwabesifazane akuyona into edidayo. Abanye abathi i-houjo ne - jese basebenzisa inkanuko yobulili ngamabomu embonweni wowesifazane, bahlanganisa ubulili njengokuhlanganisa ukusondelana ngokomzwelo kunokubuhlanganisa nombono ohlukile. Abanye bagwema ukwaneliseka okungokobulili ngokuphelele, bagxile ezibophweni zikaPlato, isifiso sokuvelela, noma ukuphulukisa. Okubenza baqonde ukuthi umbono wowesifazane ufanelwe ngokwemvelo ukuba uhlolwe ngokuningiliziwe, ngokuhlola ngobuciko.

Umsuka Womlando Nolimi Olubonakalayo

Imihlangano kaShoujo yalotshwa kakhulu uNyaka wama 24 Group `iqoqo labadwebi abanethonya abadwebi be-maniga ku-1970 njenge-Moto Hagio, Keiko Takemiya, neRiyoko Ikeda. Yasungula izihlongozo zoketshezi, izizinda ezingokomfanekiso, kanye nemigqa yemigqa exekezelayo emelela imizwelo. Lo mklamo, owelaphayo waba nezinguquko ze-am, umelana nokuhlobana kwezimpawu eziqinile. Kunalokho, umzimba ubizwa njengeqoqo lezingxenye ukuze uhlolwe futhi ube yisitsha sokuzwa. I-asimestocle eveza imizwelo, amehlo amakhulu, i-smer cell, nesizinda esithambileyodwa njenge-promplier, i-probist.

Josei aime ngokuvamile uzuza uhlobo olunemibala eminingi olubonakala kahle, luluhlanganisa nezilungiselelo ezingokoqobo nemibala eqinile. Ikhamera ihlala ikhona lapho kuboniswa izitho zomzimba ezincane: isandla esima phambi komnyango, inkomishi yokupholisa ikhofi edeskini, ukuncintisana kwemizwa esitimeleni esiminyeneyo. Lemininingwane ayizenzakaleli; yakha izwe lapho amaqiniso angaphakathi nangaphandle elinganiswe ngokulingana. Ukuze ihlaziywe ngokunzulu indlela ulimi lwe-manga olubonisayo olubonisa ubulili obubonisa ubulili obufana nesobodwa, bheka [ lokhu kuhlola kwezemfundo ye-stueto hou geoge jo mantetics.

I - shoujo Archetypes Nekhono Lomuntu Lomuntu Siqu

I-Shoujo aime ivame ukuxhomeke ohlotsheni oluvamile olubonakala luvamile", intombazane eyisidlakela, iqhawe elingumlingo, i-heroinhemone − kodwa abesifazane babheka ihlanekeze ngaphakathi. Ababheki be-protagone abavamile ukuthatha ijubane; benza, bakhetha, futhi bahluleka ngokwemibono yabo. I-sethi ye-opicration ishone ngokomzwelo ne-meaphonomes, okuvame ukulahla kodwa i-shoujo iphatha njengenamandla emhlabeni wonke.

IMilingo Yamagilidi namandla aqoqayo: Inyanga yeSailor[

U-Naoko Takeuchi uvunyelwe ukuba abe nevila, ukuminza, nokukhala, kodwa uphendukela kumholi onamandla akhe amakhulu okuthanda nokuthethelela. Owesifazane ubheka lapha akubhekisi ekupheleleni komuntu kodwa ngokusekelana. Ukulandelana kokuguqula izinto, okuvame ukuvezwa njengokubheka izinto, kuboniswa ngomongo wendaba: kuncishiswa ngokudinga ukuvikela abathandekayo, futhi ikhamera ibonise ukubukeka kwemizimba ehloniphekile.

Izisebenzi ezingokomzwelo nokwelapha [[QL: 0] Friits Baket

Fruits Basket ufaka ukuzikhandla okungokomzwelo esikhungweni sokulandisa. UTohru Honda, iheroina, akasebenzisi isikhali; uzwela. Isiqalekiso somkhaya wakwaSohma siwukwenza kube nokukhubazeka okufihlekile, futhi ukubuza kukaTohru okuphikelelayo, ukubuza ngobumnene ezibonelweni zabo ezibuhlungu kuvame ukubekwa ephepheni lezindaba. Ukubheka kwabesifazane kusobala endleleni izihloko ezibonisa ngayo ukubikelwa kwakhe okungokomzwelo njengohlobo lokuhlakanipha.

Inselele yokwakha amaqoqo Umethi woMphathi wesikole oPhakeme kakhulu

[[FLT: 0]] Iweyan High Hops Hops Club [[FLT: 1] isebenza njengokuhlaba indiva ukusebenza kwabesifazane. UHaruhi Fujioka, onezinwele ezimfushane nokunganaki kwakhe ngemfashini, iphambanisa indlela izimpawu zobudoda zobufana. Iqembu lomshicile lezisebenzi eziculi eliyinkimbinkimbi lokudlala indima `inkosana, uhlobo olupholile, uhlobo olupholile, uhlobo oluthisa umfana (i-expose i-iced processssss produm. Ngengxoxo engathi iHaruhi i-flable, i-octivess, i-meansss jome me me mes me me me menu meoctive me mes meoctive mes. [2]]

Izindlela Zokuxhumana: Isisindo Sokuphila Kwabantu Abadala

Uma i - shoujo ikhipha ijubane elijulile lenkathi yobusha, i - joose ibhekana nemiphumela yamaphupho obusha.

Ukudalelwa okuhlangene [[QL:0] UNana[[QL:1]

I-Ai Yazawa’’s iyisigaba esiphambili esinemibono emibili yabesifazane. Nana Komatsu noNana Osaki bamelela izigxobo ezimbili zesifiso: omunye ufuna ukuqina kwenkanuko, omunye udumo lobuciko. Lolu chungechunge ludweba ubuhlobo babo nokwethembeka okungaqinile, olungaphenduki ngenxa yekhwele, ukuswela, noma ukuzibona komuntu siqu. Owesifazane ubheka ngokwenqaba ukwahlulela ukukhetha kowesifazane njengokulungile noma okungalungile. Kunalokho, ukulandisa kwakha indawo lapho kokubili indlala yothando nendlala ye-culobalde. Ikhamera ngokuvamile igxila ebusweni babo lapho besangulukile, lapho kunyakaza ngokuthula, ukuveza iqiniso elingokomzwelo.

I-Paradise Kiss

Futhi ngo-Ai Yazawa, iParadise Kiss ilandela iYukali njengoba eshiya indlela eqinile yokufunda ngokuhlola inguquko eguquguqukayo. Lolu chungechunge lukhuluma ngokuphaphama kwakhe kobulili nokuvuka kwakhe kokwakha ngokushendezela. Ubuhlobo bakhe noGeorge bugcwele ukungalingani kwamandla, kodwa owesifazane ubheka imfihlo yakhe eqinile. Uma uYukali ehamba emkhondweni owehlakele, umzuzu wokunqoba unguye yedwa, njengoba nje elungisa lokho ubuhle obukushoyo emithethweni yakhe. Uchungechunge lulahla ukuthi owesifazane onephutha kumelwe akhethe phakathi komsebenzi nothando; ugomela ukuthi uyakwazi, futhi kumelwe ahambe kuwo womabili amagxathu.

Ubumama obungaqondakali ku [[QUL:0] Ukusagi Buphukile

Nakuba Usagi Wis ngezinye izikhathi ibekwa njengetshe elilinganayo, izimpande zayo zibonakala ngokubheka kwayo izindleko zokunakekela. IJaikichi, indoda, iba umqaphi oyinhloko wentombazane, kodwa indaba ilokhu iveza okuhlangenwe nakho kwabesifazane abaseduze kwayo, abesifazane abasebenzayo, abesifazane asebekhulile abasebenzayo abathathelwe imvume. Abesifazane babheka lapha ngokuqaphela umsebenzi ongabonakali osekela umphakathi. Indoda ibonisa ukuthi yenza ngendlela evamile inakekela okungokomzwelo, ngaleyo ndlela ibekela inselele ukuhlukana kobulili phakathi kwezimiso zezimiso zabesifazane.

Imishini Ye - aesthetic Cholices Neso Elingelona Iqhaza

Enye yezinkulumo eziphathekayo kakhulu zokubuka kwabesifazane itholakala endleleni izidumbu ezifakwa ngayo efulemini. Embukisweni wabesilisa, abalingiswa besifazane bavame ukufakwa “ekuhlobiseni”: izibhamu ezihamba kancane ezisusa amabele, inqulu, namathanga. Ngisho noma i-housi amose akhona kunesifinyelo noma ukusondelana, i-frame ihlukile kakhulu. Isithombe se-joosei sisebenza njenge [[FLT: 0] iPrinces Jlyfish igcizelela ukududuza kwendawo ehlangabene kunezinto ezihambisanayo. [FLT:] SAIN [FF] [FFFON] [F: FLT], nakuba kukhanyiswe umzimba, futhi kukhanyane, umzimba ukhanyane; lokhu kuveza ukunakaliswa. [kunakaliswa kwemisebe lomzimba.]

Ukukhokha nokuklama kuqinisa ukubuka. Ama-houjo heroine avame ukugqoka izingubo ezigcizelela ukunyakaza noma ukucindezeleka komzimba kunokuzichaya. Ngisho nasezigcawini zothando, ikhamera ithambekele ekubekeni kuqala ubuso, izandla, nemininingwane yendawo ezungezile njengezimbali eziphukayo. Lokhu kudala umuzwa wokusondelana owenzelwe ukudlula kunokuba ube yizisulu. Abafundi banesithakazelo emfundini ebanzi yenjabulo yokubona ezifanekisweni bangase bathintane [[[FLT:]] izingxoxo ezithinta umzimba owenziwe ngemibala ephilile kanye nokubuka .

Ezombangazwe Zobungane Nabesifazane Nomphakathi

Kokubili i-houjo ne-joise aimai ngokuvamile baphakamisa ubuhlobo babesifazane ebuhlotsheni obuyinhloko obungokomzwelo, ngezinye izikhathi obulinganayo noma obunamandla kakhulu. Ku-houjo isebenza njenge uNattume’s Book of Friend (ilapho i-suen-stygad manga, inesifekthi esinamandla futhi ihlobana ne-suejofoncs), i-protagonism isebenza ngobuhlobo obuhlukahlukene bensikazi nawekaye futhi abantu bagcizelela ukwethemba nokungalawuleki. Nokho, phakathi kweziqu zabesifazane ezinikezelweyo, ngokuvamile zikha uchungechunge lwemidangatho. [FLTH:][FLPurme][FFop][3][Folson] [Fom] [om] [uthrome] ubuhlobo obuphakathi kwezindawo zokuxhumana nokwethelela; u-Toomo; u-Toone umphane umphane umphane wokwethame oye, obuhle kakhulu.

Kuyi-joosei, ubungane buvame ukuba yinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, bugcwele umona nomehluko wesigaba. UNana uyisibonelo salokhu, kodwa kanjalo Ooku: INkampare ye-Inner [ [idrama] engokomlando eguqula indima yobufana]. Lapha, abesifazane kumelwe basebenzise amandla aphakeme phakathi kwabo, futhi abesifazane babuke ubunye nokungathembeki okuhlala phakathi kwemiphakathi kwabesifazane. Ngokubonisa lamandla ashukumisayo, la magengenwa “impicawayo eqokolisayo ” okuthiwa“ isigaba esiphansi ” okubonisa ukuthembeka, futhi ekugcineni, ukuboniswa kwendlela yokuphila yezenhlalo.

Isifiso Nesidakamizwa Esivela Embonweni Wabesifazane

Ukukhuluma ngesifiso sowesifazane kuwumngcele obucayi wokubuka. Ngokomlando, i-houjo ivunyelwe ukubonisa isifiso esikhulu sothando, − kanti i-josei igxile ebuhlotsheni bobulili ngokungagunci. Imisebenzi enjengo iwukubuswa kwesifiso [ [ikhamera] (ithathwe emngceleni we-josen umuntu) ihlola inkanuko yabesifazane, isizungu, nokusetshenziswa kwenkanuko yobulili njengehlazo elingokomzwelo. Umafazane lapha akabheki inkanuko yakhe; ibonisa ukubola kwayo nokuzigobeka kwayo ngesizotha. Ikhamera ihlala nesithombe se-heroineat, kodwa ubuhlungu noma ubuhlungu bomzimba wakhe. Izwisisa umzimba wakhe.

Isibonelo samuva kakhulu yiye Yuri!!! ku-ICE, okubonisa ukuthi ukubuka kwabesifazane ngezindlela ezihlukile kungadlula izigaba zenani elikhulu nethonya elikhulu. Ukubheka ngokucacile indlela abesifazane ababheka ngayo izindaba zesikhathi esidlule kuveza ukulandisa okungaqondakali kwezemizwelo, amandla okuguqula uthando, kanye nokukhuthaza ubulili bokusekelana. Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi ukubuka kwabesifazane kungakweqa izibalo ezibanzi nethonya elikhulu.

Ithonya Kwababukisi Namasiko Abanzi

Ukwanda kwensikazi ebuka i-suhojo ne-josei kunamandla angenakugwenywa. Ezibukelini zabesifazane, lezi zihloko zinikeza izibuko kunokuba zinikeze amafasitela. Ukubona umdlali exoxa ngobuhlobo obunzima bamadodakazi kamama, inqubo, noma ukumane agcizelele ilungelo lakhe lokuba khona nakho konke ukuphikisana kwakhe kunikeza uhlobo lwesiqinisekiso ngokuvamile oluthi imithombo yezindaba yamadoda, ukuchayeka kulezizilandiso kungahlakulela amakhono ozwelanano, kunikeze ukucwiliswa okuqhubekayo kombono wabesifazane ongaphazanyiswanga isifiso sowesifazane.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-houjo ne joose mlando wasebenza njengemishini yokubala esungula izindlela. Indaba engeyodwa elandisa ngoMoto Hagio, ukuhlelwa kweqhawe lendoda ukuziphendukela kwemvelo Girl Utena, futhi i-critique yenhlalo eguquguqukayo e ivela eMantakaki[ zonke zaqala phakathi kwemiklamo ephakathi kwabesifazane. Lemisuka yaqala i-uqheke-eye yaya kwezinye iziqu ze-genres, iqinisekisa ukuthi i-fleatry ayithakazeli kodwa inzuzo kodwa iguqula amandla okudala.

Ukugxekwa Nokulinganiselwa

Azikho iziphetho eziphelele ngaphandle kokuvuma ukulinganiselwa. I-Shoujo, ikakhulukazi, iye yagxekwa ngokuqinisa izilinganiso zesikhathi ezingokwezinga eliphansi nokufuna ukuzidela. Izindaba eziningi ziphetha ngesinqumo sokugcina, zisikisela ngobuqili ukuthi uhambo lowesifazane luphelelisela ebuhlotsheni. UJosei, nakuba ekhulile kakhulu, ngezinye izikhathi uphambuka ekujeziseni ama-heroineines akhe ngenxa yezifiso zabo noma ukuthatha itshe elibi njengenkinga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kokubili amajikijolo asekelwe ngokomlando e-cisgender, abesifazane aba nohlobo olufana no-[FLT: 0] iLesbian exhective nesssss nevonsierfecty[FFON:1] [FLD1] [i1] ukwandisa izinga lokubuka kwabo kwabesifazane. I-speaeae, futhi iveza i-speader, i-speader, futhi i-comss queader, i-mouer, yesigaba s.

Kukhona futhi iqiniso elingokomnotho lokuthi ukujwayela i - osei aimai akuvamile kunalokhu, futhi bobabili abathola ukucindezelwa okuncane ngokwezimali nokukhushulelwa phezulu uma kuqhathaniswa nama - houn blockbuster. Lokhu kungalingani kokwakheka kusho ukuthi abesifazane bayaqhubeka bebheka zona kanye izimboni ezicebe amashumi eminyaka.

Ikusasa Lesifazane E - Anime

Izimo zokulandisa ezihlanganisa amaqembu ahlukene ezicini ezibonisa ukuthi abesifazane banezici ezihlukene. Amaplatifomu anciphisa izithiyo zeziqu, avumela i-osei nemisebenzi yokuhlola ukuthola izibukeli zomhlaba wonke. Imikhondo enjenge isikisela ukuthi “Yeyamini” na [[FOT]]: Uthando Lunzima nge Otaku[[[FLT]] [[3]] luhlola ubuhlobo babantu abadala obubonakala buhlukile futhi bungaqondani kahle. Ukuphakama kwabesifazane nababhali ezimbonini zemboni, okunjengoNakoda ([FLD] 4]]]] [FL:], [FT]]] [FT]]] [FT]]]] [5]], [FFFF]]]] no-BLENT [ig:[7] ububanzi obungaphezulu kakhulu obungoko obuvamile bezinto zomzimba, kodwa obunganye obunye obunganye obunye obunye obunye obusahluzi obunye obusebenzayo, obunye

Njengoba i-fandom iqala ukusetshenziswa ngokunemba, izilaleli zifuna ngentshiseko izindaba ezidumisa ukunaka kwabesifazane. Ukubuka kwabesifazane, lapho sekuwumqondo wezemfundo, kuya kufunwa kakhulu. i-houjo ne-joose aine, nomlando wabo ocebile wokubeka kuqala ukuphila kwangaphakathi, akuzona izinsalela kodwa kuyimigomo yezindawo ezigcwele kakhulu zezindaba. Ifa labo lifundisa ukuthi imbukwane enkulu kakhulu akuyona esithombeni sethelevishini, kodwa izwe njengoba eyibona.