IMamoru Hosoda ka-2006 imbonakalo eshukumayo Intombi Ebeyigquma isenza umsebenzi othe tyaba ngexesha ithandwa kakhulu ngobuchule bayo obunamandla kunye nokuvela ngokusuka entliziyweni kwengxelo yendalo, kodwa ifilimu ecacileyo iguqula ibala elicacileyo elibonakala lilula kwibali lokucamngca, ukuzisola, ubunzima bezigqibo ezincinane, kunye nokuhamba okungaphephekiyo ukusuka ekukhuleni. Le filimu isebenzisa imifanekiso eshukumafilimi njengemizo nentelitistiki, isebenzisa i-filimi yexesha lokuhamba njengemifuziselo. Ezi zixhobo zemifanekiso kunye nemifanekiso ziguqula imbonakalo ziguqule imbonakalo yexesha elilula njengendlela ebonakala ilula kwinkumbulo, ukuzisola, ubunzima bezigqina, nobunzima bendlela yokuhamba engekho mgangathweni, i- transfote, transfoss trans trans trans trans trans, transfort, trans transf, iding, i-type, i-get, i-get

Ixesha Njengophawu OluneLayed Ezininzi

Kwinto enzima yenzululwazi, ukuthatha ixesha lisebenza njengesixhobo sokulungisa iimpazamo okanye ukukhusela intlekele. I Hosoda idibanisa le ntlanganiso ngokuzenza ixesha elikhoyo elisembindini wophawu. IMakoto Konno, amandla okuzimela “i-leap” asiyosipho sesibindi kodwa isigengxezo semvakalelo yomntu yokulawula ukungalawuleki. Ukutsiba kwakhe kumele umnqweno wokulungisa intsini, ukulibazisa incoko enzima, okanye ukubambelela kwixesha elikhoyo elingasekhoyo. Ifilimu ibonisa ixesha, ngokungafani nebhobhini yefili, ayinakuphinda ibe yindawo ngaphandle kwesizathu; ubuchule obuninzi obulawula iziganeko, ukunyuka kwemicukuthu. Eli xesha njengephawu le [FL:]

IHosoda ithelekelela ixesha lokuhamba kwendlela engabonakaliyo yeenkcukacha zemekobume. Iiwotshi zivela ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwimvelaphi yeklasi, kwikhitshi lasekhaya laseKonno, kwanasebusweni besixhobo esiyimfihlelo esifunyanwa nguMakoto. La mawotshi anqabile ukuzichaza; asuka nje ajonge kwincam yexesha, ingakumbi njengoko ixesha lidlula lingabonakali de liphele. Isigqibo somphathi sokuseka ibali ngexesha elishushu, eliyimfiliba sifaka ingqiqo yento ecacileyo: i-cradas, ukukhanya kwelanga kudlulela ngokuhlwa, kwaye abasebenzi bakhangeleka ngathi bakhona ngaphandle kwengcinezelo yeminyaka edlulileyo. Ukutshona kwexesha lokufal-tom kuyinto enzima yobomi behlobo lokufa kobuntwana.

Le filimu ikwathetha ngengqiqo yamaJapan ye kodwa itsiba nganye imenza aqonde ukuba akukho xesha linokugcinwa ngonaphakade. Lenkcubeko ibangela ukuba iphawulo lingabinamsebenzi. Ingcambu yokuzinza kwexesha imenza angakwazi ukuyeka ukupheliswa kolu hlobo lwe-ippy, kodwa ukutsiba ngakunye kumenza aqonde ukuba akukho xesha lingenakuphela. Oku kuqwalaselwa kwemeko yesithethe kunyusa uphawu lwexesha, kubangela ukuba lubonakale luxabiseke kakhulu. Uhlaziyo lwangaphandle, olunje olu kuhlolwa konothi olunothi lwalo mbane lungenalwazi [[FLTLD , nceda ababukeli belizwe ukuba kuvakalelwe ngesizathu sefilimu kwangoko ndidlalayo.

Icebo lokukhupha ixesha: Ngaphezu kwesixhobo esihamba ngexesha

Ubhaqo lukaMakoto lwexesha-leap lwenzeka xa ewela kwinto engaqhelekanga kwilebhu yemfundo yesikolo. Okokuqala, ukhathazo lufana nesixhobo se-walnut esibunjwe ngesixhobo sefomati, kodwa njengoko ibali lityhileka, kuyacaca ukuba lo matshini awungomatshini olula. Umlinganiselo wobuchule [[FLT:] usisigezo sokubona kwangaphambili komntu [. Isixhobo singanika kuphela inani elipheleleyo lokutsiba lokubhabha-bha, kodwa ubalo oluthiyo olungaguquguqukiyo ku-zeze. Lo mdathi uphinde ujonge ukhetho oluqhelekileyo: ukusebenzisa ukutsiba i-krakeyi-took okanye ukuphepha ukuhlazeka kwemali encinane angenakuzekehlisa imali yakhe.

Hosoda ngobuqhinga idibanisa isixhobo kwimibuzo yentanda-bulumko ebanzi. Ngokungafaniyo nomatshini wexesha eliqhelekileyo, isixhobo asimvumeli uMakoto ukuba ahambe ukuya kumaxesha akude okanye atshintshe imbali yehlabathi. Kuphela simvumela ukuba aphinde aphinde abuye ngexesha lakhe langoku. Oku kunyanzelisa ukuba ingxelo ijolise kwizigqibo ezincinane ezibumba ubomi. Ikhofi elishiweyo, ibhayiseli, ukuvuma akukhange kwenziwe nganto. Le nto ibangela ukuba icebo lisebenze njengesixhobo sokunyusa iglasi, sityhila ukuba amaxesha amaninzi abonisa ukuba iziphumo zendalo zidla ngokuba zizinto esingaziboniyo.

Xa imvelaphi yesixhobo ityhilwa ekugqibeleni `iceba lobugcisa bexesha elizayo elishiywe ngempazamo ngu Chiaki-asethi libukhali. Esi sifanisi asisiso isipho somlingo kodwa siceba elilahlekileyo lehlabathi elizayo, ithetha ukuba kwanempucuko ehambe phambili ilwa nozisola kunye neminqweno efanayo yokulungisa izinto zexesha elidlulileyo. Kufuneka uChiaki aphinde athethe ngokuyamkela ngokunzulu iziphumo, ngokuphikisana nokusetyenziswa kakubi kukaMakoto kwangaphambili. Oku kuguqula uphawu lube sisifundo esingomnye umntu.

Ibhabhathane Liyazimisela Nokuphila Kwabantwana

Phakathi kwemifuziselo ebalulekileyo yale filimu libhabhathane, elibonakala ngamaxesha amaninzi anzima ngokweemvakalelo. Kunyaka odlulileyo, njengoko uMakoto ebaleka ezitratweni emva kokuba ebona ukutsiba kokugqibela kusondela, ibhabhathane lidlula kuye. Kubonakala kwakhona xa lijamelene neziphumo zezenzo zalo, kwaye ukubakho kwalo akuze kuvele kubekho ngephanyazo. Ibhabhathane lifanekisela ukuguquka, kodwa ngokungafaniyo neMatamorphosi yebugriti isiya kumntu omdala onephiko, ukuphathwa kwebhabhabhathane ligxininisa ukuqhama nokumfa okumfa okuncinane. Ubomi bebhabhabhathane bumfutshane; ubuhle balo buvela kwi-emperence yalo yayo. Makoto, ithetha ngobukhulu, i-mphindizela lento. Ufuna ukuba ahlale ekwindla.

Lo mzobo udibanisa ibhabhathane nesithethe esikhulu sobugcisa baseJapan. Xa iMakoto ekugqibeleni yamkela ukutshintsha komphefumlo okanye ukukhawuleza kwephupha. Hosoda, oye wathetha kudliwano ndlebe ngokuncoma kwakhe i-asthetics yesithethe samaJapan, udibanisa ibhabhabhathane hayi njengophawu olunzima kodwa njengephetshana elizolileyo. Xa ekugqibeleni iMakoto ivuma ukutshintsha kotshintsho, imbonakalo yebhabhabhathane iyayeka ukuvaleka kwaye iba nethemba //a phawu oluthiyo olutshintshayo, ngoxa lubuhlungu. Umphengululi weFili uSusan Napter uNact:0 usebenza kwiphetshana elinophawu oluzolileyo olubonisa indlela ezisebenza ngayo iifilimu ezisetyenziswa ngabantu abaqhelekileyo, ezidibanisa iifilimu ezisetyenziswa ngabantu abasebenza ngenk ’.

Iipeyinti, Imifanekiso Eshukumayo, Nomfanekiso Wezen

Ubugcisa bokubuyisela busebenza njengendlela ebalulekileyo yokulungisa ixesha lakhe eliphindiweyo kunye nesigezo esinwebekileyo phakathi kwefilimu. Umakazi kaMakoto, i-Whats, usebenza njengendawo yokukhangela iinkwenkwezi kwimyuziyam, ngokulungisa ngenyameko umfanekiso omdala owenziwe walimala ngexesha. Le nkqubo yokulungisa izibuko zeMakoto isebenza njengendlela yokulungisa ixesha lakhe elophukileyo. Njengokuba i-Witch idibanisa umfanekiso owenziwe ngomonde, uMakoto itsiba ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukubuyela emva ukuphelisa ubuhlobo nokuphepha ubuhlungu. Noko ke, le filimu iveza umahluko obalulekileyo: ngelixa umzobo unokuthi ubuyiselwe kwimo yawo yasekuqaleni, ubuhlobo babantu abunakulungiseka lula. Isifaniso sicebisa ukuba [[FLD:] ukulungiswa kobunyani kufuna ukubhiyo, hayi ukubugonyaza ixesha layo.[FFFY:1]

Igqwirha ngokwalo lingumfuziselo. Nguwo kuphela umntu obonakala eqonda ingxaki kaMakoto ngaphandle kokuyifuna, echaza ukuba usenokuba wayenobuchule obufanayo. Uba ngumncedisi othetha ngezantluthe, okhokelela ekuqondeni ukuba ukubaleka kwiintlungu kuyenza inde. I-wjunk studio, ezele ngemichako ephakathi kwexesha elidlulileyo nekamva, imela isithuba esineminento edityaniswe kanye. Oku kuqinisekisa ingcamango yefilimu yokuba ifilimu ayiyiyo into egqithileyo kodwa imele siyilahle into esimele siyifunde.

IMetaphor yokutyibilika: Ukuwela Kwikamva

Ingcamango yesihloko esithi “ukugalela-'.' isebenza njengesigengxezo esidityanisiweyo se-kinesthetic kumava omntwana okwishumi elivisayo. Ukutsiba kukaMakoto akukhokelwa, ukubhabha okugudileyo; kunzima ukungquzulana emoyeni . ngamanye amaxesha kuphosakele kwimiqobo, maxa wambi kuhla kabuhlungu. Olu phawu lomzimba lubonisa ukushukuma kwemvakalelo yokuba ngumntwana okwishumi elivisayo. UHosoda uvumela ezi ndlela zilungelelwano ezibaxiweyo, ukuhamba ngesantya esithe qengqele, kunye nengqiqo yokungabi nabunzima obungenamdla okungena kumgca we-verti. Abaphulayo bavakalelwa kukuba noweva okungqubanayo okuhambisana nokutsiba ngako, ulungelelanisa amava ethu nemeko yangaphakathi kaMakoto.

Ukuxilonga kucebisa uhlobo oluthile oluphuma kuphawu oluthe tye. Xa uMakoto etsiba, uba ngaphaya kobomi bakhe, ekhangela ukusuka kwindawo yewotshi evumela ukubona iziphumo zezenzo zakhe. Oku kwahlula izipili indlela abakwishumi elivisayo abasoloko beziva bekhululekile ngayo kwii-odabo zabo, bedlala incoko entloko, benqwenela ukuba bathethe into eyahlukileyo. Ifilimu iyenza imodeli yengqondo ize inyanzele uMakoto ukumelana neziphene zayo. Akakwazi ukugxuma ngonaphakade; ekugqibeleni, kufuneka ahlale emhlabeni.

Ukutya, Ukutya Okunye Nezinto Ezixabisekileyo Zobomi Bamihla Le

Ukutya kusetyenziswa ngokuphindaphindiweyo yi-Hosoda ukufuzisela unxulumano kunye nokuzinza kwasekhaya. Ngelixesha isidlo sentsapho sikaMakoto, sithetha indlela engaqhelekanga. Ukulibala kukanina ngezinto zesidlo sangokuhlwa, ukungahoyi kukayise, kunye nokudityaniswa kweviyolini kungumsebenzi wobuhlanga bobomi bentsapho obungafezekanga. Ezi zinto azizalisi nje kuphela; zigcina ibali elisemqondweni. Xa uMakoto eqala ukutsiba ngexesha, uphinda aphinde aphinde atye ixesha elithile: indebe indebe ithe ifuna ukutya, isidlo sangokuhlwa angafuni kutyiwa nabahlobo bakhe. Inkomityi efana nento encinane, inguwodwa, ikhangeleka imombo engathi incinane yesiqu esingaphandle, iqala iziphumo ezithethsayo. UMakoto uphinda-phinda alungise intwana yexesha lokutya, ngoko udadewabo ojongene kwi-Fopperth.[4]

Ukutya kunye noChiaki noKousike kukwabonisa amaqondo angundoqo kuhambo lukaMakoto. Ibhokisi ye-goto ayilungiselelayo, i-ice cream ayityayo kunxweme, ivenkile ehambayo iyatyelela/le mpahla yokutyela yoluntu isebenza njengemizekeliso yokomeleza ubuhlobo. Ziyahluke kakhulu kumaxesha xa uMakoto ezikhulula ngexesha lokusebenzisa ixesha, ibalaselisa indlela amandla akhe amnqumla ngayo kwimidibaniso afuna ukuyilondoloza. Ukubuyisela ukutya kwimiboniso ekhoyo, ukungayi kukuzinza kobudlelana nobomi obumele bumkelwe kunokuba bucinywe.

Uloliwe, Ukunqumla, Nemida

Ifilimu yeHosoda izele yimiphetho: ukuwela uloliwe, amasango esikolo, umphetho wesilumkiso somlambo, umnyango ukuya kwi-lab yenzululwazi. Ezi zikhewu zisebenza njengezithelekiso zotshintsho phakathi kwesizwe esithile nesinye. Ucambo lomzila wesitimela, ngokukodwa, ngumfanekiso ovunyiweyo. UMakoto ugqabhuka nxamnye namasango asezantsi, nesandi sentsimbi yesilumkiso esinqamlezileyo esinqamlezayo. Ukunqumla imendo umda phakathi kokhetho nolukhetho . Xa uwela, isigqibo senziwe sibuyiselwe kwakhona njengexesha lokugqibela ngaphambi kokuba atsibe. Kube. Ekupheleni kwefilimu, iMatoto ihamba ngesantya esithe bhabhabhabha esithe umfanekiso wakhe ufifififi obonakala kwimo yakhe, uzama ukutshona ngewotshi yakhe ukuze angene ngexesha elizayo.

Uloliwe ngokwakhe ungumqondiso wesithethe kwimifanekiso-bhanyabhanya yaseJapan, osoloko edityaniswe kuhambo, ukunduluka, nokudlula kwexesha. INtwazana Ebeyihamba Ngexesha, uloliwe uthwala iChiaki ijoni ijoni lokuhamba kwakhe okungenakuphepheka. Ngexesha nje elingenakumiswa. Ixesha lokuphuma, ingxolo igalele ukufikelela eChiaki phambi kokuba ibhodi ibonise ukuba ayivuleke ixesha lokuyeka ukubhabhabha. Ngolololo loliwe uzisa yonke imisonto yemifanekiso efuziselayo: ivene, umphula-wa, ukugxuba, nokuwela, ukujonga kwisigqibo esinamandla. Ukukhangela ekuzilungiseni i Hoda ebanzi kusetyenziswa kumfanekiso wothuthotho, qwalasela umqhubi wemifanekiso. [FFoctal:]

Isandi Njengomfuziselo: Ukuthula Nokukhala Kweentaka

I-iagnome evakalayo kwifilim inobunzima obusisigelekeqe. I-drone eqhubekayo ye-cicadas yindawo ebanzi ekwihlobo, isandi sasasazeke kakhulu kangangokuba ukungabikho kwayo kungadida kakhulu. Kumasiko aseJapan, i-cicada ingumqondiso wencopho yehlobo kwaye, ngokubhekeleleyo, isikhumbuzi sokuba le vibralda izabuna. Isikhalo se-cicada sikwazelisa zombini umva wexesha langaphandle, ukusuka kwisandi sehlabathi ukuya kwisandi esihambayo ukuya kwiMakoto.

Umlinganiselo wobunyhadala obahlukileyo uba ngumfuziselo we ubunzima bento engashiywanga ingasetyenziswanga yindlela esetyenziswayo. Xa uMakoto noChiaki behleli kunxweme emva kothotho lwexesha elitshintshiweyo, ithoba phakathi kwabo ithetha kakhulu kunencoko. Ifilimu ithemba abaphulaphuli bayo ukuba bafunde ukuzola njengesigegegeka somgama ongokweemvakalelo ongenakungena blorho. Isandi, eqanjwe nguKiyoshi Yoshida, igxininisa ezi inguquko, ukusuka kwimicu edlalayo pizzicato ngexesha le-media idlobo idloboza ishiya uMakoto eqonda ukuba ixesha aliphumeli.

Amanzi, Ukubungcamla Nokuzingca

Amanzi asoloko ebonakala njengento ejikelezayo. Ekuqaleni kwifilimu, uMakoto umi ngasemlanjeni, utsiba amatye. Amaza emanzini anwenwa ngaphandle, kanye njengokuba izenzo zakhe zibonakalisa iziphumo azinako ukubuya. Kamva, utshona emlanjeni ngexesha lokutsiba, kwaye imenze ithule ihlabathi, imnika isithuba sokuzimela okucocekileyo. Amanzi apha afanekisela ukungazinziyo/imvakalelo ezibhebhethayo azika. Xa efika, akaguquki ngokucacileyo kodwa unyanzeleka ukuba azibone kakuhle.

Umdlalo otyhala ilitye ngokwawo sisigengxe-geqe esincinane kodwa esinamandla. UMakoto nabahlobo bakhe batsiba amatye njengexesha lokuzihlaziya nje eliqhelekileyo, kodwa ukujula ngalinye kufuna i-engile kunye namandla afanelekileyo. Ilitye elitsiba ngokugqibeleleyo limela umzuzu wemvisiswano olunempumelelo olukhoyo oluphakathi kwebutho labantu, isiqhulo eso, isenzo sothando esamkelekileyo. Xa ilitye litshona ngoko nangoko, libonisa ukungahambi konxibelelwano olunqwabeleneyo xa ixesha liphuka. Ngesiphelo sefilimu, uMakoto akasafuni kuphosa ngamatye okutyikitywayo; ufunde ukuwisa ilitye kwaye wamkele ukugxoba.

Igumbi leklasi ne-Lab yenzululwazi: Ulungelelwano ngokuphikisana ne-Chess

Isikolo asingocwangciso nje olungqongqo kodwa sibubude bexesha elifanelekileyo apho ubuchule bexesha kunye neentsimbi bungafaniyo nesiphithiphithi samaMakoto. Iklasi imela ixesha elisisigxina [] .Inkqubo enzima ejoliswe kwibutho lolutsha. Xa iMakoto itsiba, iphazamisa olu cwangciso, ifika emva kwexesha, inika iimpendulo ezichanekileyo ngaphambi kokuba kubuzwa imibuzo, kwaye ifaka inkqubo kwisiphithiphithiphithi. Ezi zinto zemvukelo zihlekisa kodwa zikwatyhila ukumila kwezakhiwo ezimele ukuqulatha abantu abakhula. Inzululwazi yenzululwazi, apho isixhobo siqala khona, indawo yokuhlola nengozi. Imeko yehlabathi, ingunobangela ingxaki yehlabathi nesiphumo somhlaba, kwaye ilungele okokubambalelwa kwemeko.

Ukusetyenziswa kwe-hosoda ye-lab-lida, egcwele iingxingo, ezele ziingcingo ezijingayo, `iiingcingo ezijingayo'/iphows ubuchopho bomnyaka okwishumi elivisayo: bunetyhefu, buzele ngamandla, kwaye buyingozi xa busetyenziswa kakubi. Ii-cuckboard equation ezivela ngasemva azicaciswanga, kodwa ubukho babo bubonisa ukuba kwanemfihlelo yexesha inokuqondwa ekugqibeleni, ukuba ayilawulwa. Le filimu ichaza ukuba ibutho lexesha elizayo likaChiaki liyazi kakuhle inzululwazi ngesemva kwesixhobo, kodwa ayisakwazi ukusombulula izibalo ezingokweemvakalelo zothando nokulahlekelwa.

Imo yeNkcubeko neMidlalo

INtomba Ethe Typt Ngexesha isekelwe kwinoveli ka1967 kaYasutaka Tsutsui, eye yatshintshwa kaninzi. inguqulelo ye Hosoda isebenza njenge sequel kunokuba ikwazi ukutshintsha ngqo, ukulandela umtshana we protagono yantlandlo. Ngokubeka ibali lakhe kwiminyaka emva kweziganeko zentshaphuzi kwaye ibhekisa kwingxelo ye-imfish, uHosoda ibhulorhoza phakathi kwezizukulwana. Le filimu icebisa ukuba ukulwa kwexesha lokudlula akuyo akuyo kuphela kodwa akuyo nje enye into ephinda iphindwa ngumntu. Esi sigqibo sisebenza njengento edityanisweyo nge-ametammeor: intsingiselo yayo, ukugxatyaniswa kwakhona.

Ukuqonda i Hosoda's ography yefilimu kukhanyisa indlela esetyenziswa ngayo ngokungaguqukiyo ixesha kunye nentsapho njengeempawu ezisembindini. Iimfazwe zobunyani (2009) kunye ] Wolf Children[[ [202]], ubuyela kwimixholo yoluntu kunye nocoselelo lotshintsho. Uhlalutyo lobuchule bokuqhubekeka kwakhe lungafunyanwa ku-'[FLT] `````All''''''. Umsebenzi wakhe usoloko uphikisa ukuba ubugcisa bubonakalisa ulangazelelomntu kodwa akanako ukuthatha indawo yexesha lolwakhiwo.

IMetaphos Yokugqibela: Ukubaleka Sijonge Kwikamva

Incopho yale filimu ishiya isantya esingaqhelekanga esithe gqi kwisantya esithe gqi. Makoto usebenzisa ukutsiba kwakhe kokugqibela ukusindisa umntu amthandayo, kwaye ubaleka ngokulula (kwimitsi yakhe emibini, ngexesha elilandelelanayo) ukufikelela eChiaki ngaphambi kokuba aphele. Oku kusuka kumandla angaphaya kwamandla omntu ukuya kumgudu womntu sisithelekiso esinzulu sefilimu: [[FLT:] umgangatho wobujukujekulu bumandla okuya phambili ngaphandle kokuzama ukujika . Xa uChiaki emxelela ukuba, “Ndizakulinda kwixesha elizayo, uzakuphinda alinde ixesha elingesothule kodwa njengesithembiso. Ikamva lingumntu oya kusingela indawo ehamba kuyo, hayi isisongelo.

Umfanekiso wokugqibela kaMakoto emi yedwa, engqongwe yimingxuma eqhelekileyo yebhayisekile yakhe, ingxowa yakhe, nesibhakabhaka sasehlotyeni, kuyinto eboniswa ngokuzolileyo. Akanaso isiphazamiso esiseleyo, isixhobo sokuphuma. Isivalo somchamo sisenze umsebenzi waso; ngoku kuphela ubomi. UGqrnaph uHosoda ushiya abaphulaphuli bengekhona ngamazwi abalulekileyo kodwa nomva wexesha elinye elibanjweyo, elithe ekugqibeleni layeka ukubaleka laqala ukuphila.

Isiphelo: Ubuchule Bokunikela Ingqalelo

IMamoru Hosoda’s Imbaza Ethe Phoat Ngexesha ayinyamezeleki ngenxa yokuba iphendula amaqhina entanda-bulumko okuhamba ngexesha, kodwa ngenxa yokuba iguqulela lawo maphundu kulwimi lwemihla ngemihla olubonakalayo. Ibhabhathane, iwatshi, i-pulho, i-pallant, uloliwe, intununtunu phakathi kwabahlobo , uloliwe, zonke ezi zinto zikhoyo ```izinto zithetha ngokuzolileyo' kwingxoxo ethe cwethe thi yento eninzi asilo xesha ngokwayo, kodwa uphawu lokunikela ingqalelo kwixesha esinalo sinalo. Ngokuguqula i-skade sinyukel' kuphawu lokuzibhoko nokukhula, uHoda umema ababukeli ukuba bajonge kufutshane ubomi babo, ukuphawula intelensi ephantsi kwegama eliqhelekileyo. [ngendlela yokuqala i-Fomite, uphandome yolwazi oluluvo olulukileyo oluthe krunyukileyo] [[2] [unyulu , uluvo oluthe ,