Ungcelele lwe-antime ne-manga Dr. Ilitye libonisa ilensi ethemba elingaqhelekanga ebona ukuwohloka kwempucuko. Kunokuba lihlale liphelelwe lithemba, lizakhela njengexesha elibanzi lokulungisa ngokutsha. Xa uSku Ishimami onengqondo engokwenzululwazi enzulu epheleleyo ekhululekileyo, uyakwazi ukuyila ihlabathi elingcono. Isiganeko esisemgangathweni, esidibanisweni esizinzileyo esizinzisa wonke umntu emhlabeni, esishiyela iplanethi isokuze ihlawulele indawo yayo iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-3,700. Xa i-Aschemetic fish, ejongeneyo, ekwaziyo ukumelana nento entle yentolongo yakhe, uyakwazi ukuqulungela kwimisebenzi entle ukusuka ekulaleni, esebenzisa ulwazi lwakhe olungundoqo. Oku akunikel'ukucaphuka kuqwa yimigropu eninzi yemigropoiegrac.[3]

Isiganeko Sokwandiswa Kwezilwanyana: Imbali Ecocekileyo

Kwi . Litye, intlekele yomhlaba wonke etshabalalisa ngokukhawuleza, jikelele esusa yonke imikhondo yesiseko sangoku, amaziko, kwaye iqokelele ulwazi ngokubhanyaza kweliso. Ngoxa kungekho siganeko sembali sibonakalisa ngokugqibeleleyo isiqalo esingalindelekanga esitsha, iintlekele ezininzi zamandulo zasondela ekucimeni impucuko ecocekileyo. IBronze Age iphela jikelele jikelele jikelele kunyaka we-1200 BCE ngumzekelo ophambili. Kwixesha eliphakathi kwamashumi ambalwa eminyaka, phantse bonke ubukumkani baseMpuma Mediteraranean, iMishnaans, amaHeti, imond ee ee ebhukwini e-Babylonia. Imfulal eninzi yaza, iinston eninzi yazandla, iin, iintsaleka njani nanjengoondondondo zamanzi, iintsalwa yimfula, iin eninzi yelizwe lamazwe akhoyo.

Kwisikali sexesha elide, umlinganiselo weToba ongaphezulu kakhulu malunga no74,000 kwiminyaka edluleyo usenokuba uhlise uluntu lube ngamawaka ambalwa abantu, ukudala i-mouse yebhotile eyaphantse yaphelisa uhlobo lwethu lwendalo. Ngelixesha ingXaxaka, le ngcamango ichaza ihlabathi lasemva kwe-petrolity apho abantu abancinane bamele baqhubekeke phambili kwidangatye loluntu. Ucelomngeni lwengqondo nolwenyani lokulungisa ngokusuka phantse kwinto lungumxholo othe ngqo kwingxelo ye-post-camprashhe prope, apho amabhanti amancinane aba sisicandeko aba yimbewu yempucuko kwixesha elizayo. [[FLT:] [[FLT]] [FLT]] udlala oku ngokubonisa iSenku ukubalalba, uqaphele ukubala abantu ngabanye ukuba bavuke, umba ngamnye ngamnye ubuye ube namandla olwazi olubalulekileyo.

Ukwakhiwa Kwakhona Kweqanda: Inzululwazi Yokuchacha

Imbali ibonisa ukuba indlela esuka ekuweni ukuya ekuvuselelweni kwenzululwazi ayilungiswanga nje ngoovimba kodwa ngezimvo. Indlela kaSenku yokufikelela kubuchule . Ukuqalisa ngezixhobo ezisetyenziswayo kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe ivula amandla omphunga, umbane, kunye nokwenza izithuba zendalo zikhanyiselwe ngemo yehlabathi lotshintsho lwenzululwazi. INguquko yaseYurophu, eyakhupha ilizwekazi kwixesha laphakathi, yayikukuphinde ifumaneke kwaye isebenzise ulwazi lwakudala, kanye njengokuba iSenku ivuse inzululwazi yale mihla kwimigaqo yokuqala. Isi-ISulumslim Age, ilondoloza kwaye ihambela phambili isiGrike, iPersia, ifunda ngexesha elithe shwa, ibonisa indlela ulwazi olunokudlula ngayo kubafundi abazinikeleyo, ukutshona kweSku, ukusetyenziswa kwendima yenkumbulo yomntu ogcina iinkumbulo.

Ungcelele loBukumkani beSayen yeSayen, apho uSeku aqeqesha ngokucwangcisiweyo amahlakani avelisa intsimbi, iglasi, iintsholongwane, kwaye ekugqibeleni icell phone, ibangela ukuba yonke iNguquko yezoshishino yenze intlukwano yexesha elisisigxina. INguquko yokwenene yehlabathi yezoshishino yayiluhlobo lokuzalwa kwakhona , ukuguquka kolusu olugqithisileyo lokutshintsha kwezixhobo zobugcisa ezatshintsha zonke iinkalo zobomi. Kanye njengokuba inkquluko kaSenko ibangela iincad societal iinguqulelo ze-societal, ukuveliswa kwemveliso yemichingi, ukuphuhliswa kwenjini yomphunga, kunye nokusetyenziswa kombane kutshintsha ulwalamano lwabantu kunye namandla. Ngokubalulekileyo, zombini uphuhliso inguqulelo yembali ezithe kwenziwa kwizinto eziphuma kwizinto ezizincutshe kodwa zifumaneka kwimimandla ezahlukahlukeneyo, i-Gigne.

Ingcamango Yolawulo Olubi Kwihlabathi Lamatye

UBukhosi BaseRoma: Ukuwohloka Okukhulu Nokukhulayo

Mhlawumbi umzekelo osoloko ucatshulwa wokuwohloka kwempucuko kukuwa koBukhosi baseRoma baseNtshona ngo 476 CE. Ngokungafaniyo nohlomelo olukhawulezileyo ku . Litye, ukuncipha kweRoma yayiyinkqubo ethatha iinkulungwane zexesha elide yokubola ngaphakathi, ukungaguquguquki kwezoqoqosho, kunye noxinzelelo lwangaphandle. Ungcelele oluchaphazela imixholo efanayo phakathi kwabasebenzi abafana noTsuusa Shishio, onolwazi lwento esulungekileyo, amandla akhuselweyo abantu abalwayo ukuchasa ukonakala kwehlabathi elidala. UTsuuka ngumnqweno wokukhusela ukuvuselelwa kwezobugcisa ukuze kupheliswe ukucinezelela ulawulo olucinezelayo olucinezelayo lweziko lwamaRoma lubonakala lubonakala njengobunzima bobubububunzima bobugosasambulo lwalo. Ulawulo oluchukulwayo lwe-ondo lwe-omfolorn, apho kufuneka lunyuswe khona ubuchule obudibanise ubuchule bokulwayo.

Ukuhlaselwa KwesiMaya EsisiClassic: Ibhanile Elumkisa Ukusingqongileyo

Ukuncipha kwempucuko yamaMaya ngexesha leNqanawa (c. 800-900 CE) kusisikhumbuzo esicacileyo sendlela ukusetyenziswa kakubi kwemekobume okunokutshabalalisa ngayo kwanezona ntlalo zihambele phambili. AmaMaya ayawa[ aquka ukudityaniswa kwedangatye eliqhubekayo, ukutshatyalaliswa kwelizwe, ukukhukuliseka komhlaba, ukukhutshwa kwemilo, ukukhutshwa kwemfazwe ephakathi kwemfazwe. Dr. St St, ukuzabalazela ubuncwane obudibekiweyo, intlalo yesazo zesanti, intlaba, kunye nezimbiwa ezinqabileyo, kunye nemigaqo ephezulu yemigaqo eluncedo eluncedo nokunqandabeni ukubonakalisa ukusetyenziswa kwenkunkuma eluncedo. I-Stkun

Ukudilika KweSoviet Union: Ukuqina Kwenkqubo

Ukutshatyalaliswa ngokuphanyazanyiswa kweSoviet Union ngo1991 kunika umlinganiselo wale nkqubo wale mihla. Inkqubo eqhubekayo yezobupolitika nezoqoqosho, ebonakala ifana neyodwa, yawohloka kwiinyanga ezimbalwa ngenxa yokungaguquguquki kwezoqoqosho, ukungaguquguquki kwezobupolitika, kunye nokulahleka kokholo lweengcamango. Oku kucaphula ngokukhawuleza kubonisa ukuba ukuqhekeka kwenkqubo kungagqunywa bubungakanani bayo de kube lixesha lokungaphumeleli. Ngokunjalo, kwiziganeko zokuqala ze [[FLT: 0]. Dr. St, iDolobethe yoxolo kodwa ebuthathaka yengingqini iIshigami ingenzeka lula phantsi koxinzelelo lovimba okanye ungquzulwano lwangaphakathi ngaphandle kolawulo lwenzululwazi. Uthotho lwemeko olubonisa ulungelelwano phakathi kwegunya kunye nolawulo lweziko lweziko-Truka ([FLY:1) ukuya kulawulo olude luye lwemeko lobugromi, kwaye luye ulawulo loluntu, kwaye luye luye luye luye lunganyaniswe ngaphakathi kwimi, kwaye luye.

Inzululwazi Njengenjini, Asiyosixhobo Nje

. I-litye isiseko sesazulu senzululwazi sidibene, intsebenziswano yelifa lomntu eligqitha nayiphi na inkokeli okanye uhlanga. Le mbono iboniswa ngokucacileyo ngamaxesha embali apho impumelelo yenzululwazi ikhuph'a ibutho labantu. IMvukelo yamaGreens [[FLT]] yenkulungwane ye-20, umzekelo, ithintela indlala kwimimandla emikhulu yehlabathi ekhulayo ngokusungula iintlobo-ntlobo-ntlobo zezityalo, izichumiso, kunye nokunkcenkcenkceshela. Xa i-Sku isungula ukujikeleza nokuphuhlisa isitya sokuhambisa ukutya kwe-mastime, i-Greatting i-Greast proced proced procesting. Ubugcisa obuthiwenzile i-Genethicrogen, kwaye ibhekisa ubugcisa obune ne--ith

Enye intlokoma yembali enyanzelisayo kukuphuhliswa komatshini wokushicilela ngenkulungwane ye-15. Ukuyila kukaGutenberg ulwazi olusekelwe kumgangatho ophantsi, ukwaphula ulawulo lwezikhundla ngolwazi nokuzinzisa iNguquko. KuBukumkani benzululwazi, ukudalwa kwefowuni yecell kunye nothungelwano olunentsebenziswano kusebenza umsebenzi ofanayo: ukudibanisa iingxowa ezithe tyaba zoluntu nokuvumela ukusasazwa ngokukhawuleza kweengcamango. Lo mqoqokolelo ucacisa ngokunzulu ukuba ukubuyiselwa kwezixhobo zonxibelelwano kubaluleke njengekhusi lokulungisa kwakhona, ngenxa yokuba ulwazi lusebenza ngokuhambela phambili naluphi na uhlobo lokuphucula.

Ukhokelo Nobuchule Bemiyalelo Emitsha

Ulawulo olupheleleyo olubangelwa kukuwa kwesolitha lixesha eliyingozi, njengoko imbali iphinda ibonise. Emva kokuwa kweRoma, iYurophu yabona iinkulungwane zezikumkani ezincinane kunye neenkosi zemfazwe zasekuhlaleni (“amaXesha eDark”) phambi kokuba amaphondo akwiziko elinamandla aphinde angene. Oku kulwisana kumendwa okumenywe [ku-]. Linye . Linye lingquzulwane phakathi kweSuku noTwaka. Tsuusa. Icebo lokwenza ihlabathi eligqibeleleyo lokulunga-yo ngokwamandla, , umahluko okhoyo, kwinani elikhulu labantu abadala, elithelela ukubonakala kubonakalisa ukonakala kwembali kunye neenguqu zendalo, njengoko kufunwa ukuqhekeka kweenguquko okanye iTsuka yeTse.

Ukwakhiwa kwakhona kwehlabathi lokwenene emva kwemfazwe kuqinisa imodeli kaSenku epheleleyo. Isicwangciso se-Marshall, esaphinda sakhiwa iNtshona Yurophu emva kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II, saphumelela kungengokohlwaya abo boyisiwe kodwa ngokukhuthaza ukuxhasana kwezoqoqosho, ulawulo-demokhrasi, kunye nokutshintshisana ngenzululwazi. Ngokufanayo, ukudibanisa kukaSenku iintshaba ezifana neChrome, Gen, kwanabalandeli bakaTsuusasa kuBukumkani benzululwazi kubonisa ukuba ukuphucula kuxhomekeke ekudibaniseni ngaphambili kwinkqubela.

Ukulondolozwa: Isifundo Esisifundiswa Lihlabathi Lamatye

Mhlawumbi esona sifana sibalulekileyo sembali kwi Dr. Litye liyisihloko esiphindaphindwayo sokuphela kwemali nokuwohloka kwemekobume. Ukuwa kwezakhiwo zase-Norse eGreenland, ukutshatyalaliswa kwamahlathi eIsta Island, kunye nePrever Bowl ngo-1930s Melika zonke zihlanganyela umsonto ofanayo: indalo yommandla wasekuhlaleni yatyhalwa ngaphaya kombilini wayo wokuthwala, ixhobisa isocietal. Kwimime, iSenku isoloko inyanzelwa kukufumaneka kwezinto ezingalungiswanga. Ukufuna kwakhe i-sulfuric acid ukuvelisa ulwelo oluvuselekileyo, idabi lokukhusela iibhombu, kwano kwanokwakhiwa kwenqanawa ze Perse. Oko kubuzwayo ukuba intelline.

Imbali inikela ezinye isikhokelo esinethemba. Uqheliselo lwamandulo lwe-terra preta kwi-Amazon/a uhlobo lomhlaba omnyama, ochumileyo owenziwe ngabantu bangaphambi kweCulumbsia ```idemond' ukuba ezolimo ezininzi zinokuxhaswa kwiinkulungwane ezininzi ngobuchule obulungileyo. Inzululwazi yezolimo ekhulayo, ukusuka ekukhetheni izitya ze-sten ukuzama izichumiso zendalo, ukusukela kolu hlobo lokucinga okude. Inzululwazi yanamhlanje exhasayo, ukusuka kwizinto ezisezingeni eliseko lobunzululwazi ukuya kwizoqoqosho olukwisangqa, yindlalifa ecacileyo yengxaki e-Sku Reversters.

Ilungu loluntu elingaxakekiyo: Uluntu nohlaziyo

Akukho lwazi lwenzululwazi olunokuphinda lwakhiwe kwakhona ihlabathi ngaphandle koluntu oluzimiseleyo ukufunda nokusebenza kunye. Isangqa se-. Itshe ngokuqhubekayo ligxininisa ukuba uSeku ubuchule bakhe benzululwazi bungaba luncedo ngaphandle kwezihlunu, ubuchwepheshi, kunye nokuthemba abantu bengingqi. UChrome ukonakalisa ulwamkelo olubalulekileyo lwendalo; uSuika ubuchule bokuqwalasela indalo bubonisa ukuba italente ivela kwiindawo ezikhulu kakhulu. Eli xesha lembali apho ukuphucula ingca yayingumgudu. Emva konyaka wewaka wewaka wesiSlovisbo, eyatshabalalisa ikomkhulu laseYurophu, ukwakhiwa kwelizwekazi elichumileyo, ukwakhiwa ngokutshana, ukwakhiwa kwenzululwazi ne-enjiko olugqibeleleyo, ukwakhiwa kwe-Aycean.

IRed Cross kunye neminye imibutho yokunceda abantu inikela enye intelekelelo: iquka umgaqo wokuba kwanaxa kukho ukuwohloka okumandundu, imigaqo yendalo iphela yokuncedana inokuphelisa ucalucalulo lwezizwe. Kwimijikelo yokugqibela yemanga, njengoko uBukumkani benzululwazi bujongene nesisongelo esizweni lonke, ukugxininiswa ukusuka ekuvuselelweni kwesizwe ukuya ekusindeni kwazo zonke iintlobo zabantu, ukuphinda uthobelo lwemeko ekhoyo kwixesha lethu, njengenguqulelo yemozulu nezifo ezibangela ukuba silahle ingcamango yelifa lehlabathi lize lisebenzisane.

Isiqukumbela: Ukuhambisa Itorch phambili

. Litye lingaphezulu kakhulu kunebali lokusinda elinomtsalane elinomdla; liyincwadi yokuzinzisa impucuko egqunywe kwibali lembali ebangelwe yimbali. Ngokuhlola uthotho ngeliso lokuwa kwembali yokwenene. IBronzes, iRoma, iMaya, iSoviet Union/ kunye neNguquko entle, sibona imo efana neNguquko entle ivela: iinkqubo ezifanayo ziphuma xa ziqinile, zikhutshwe kwindalo, okanye ziphulukane nokuthembeka kwabantu. Ukuzalwa komntwana kuvela xa ulwazi lugcinwe ngokukhululekile, lusetyenziswa, kwaye lusetyenziswa ngokuphandle, ngokuphindwayo, ngokunjalo, ngokunjalo, intsebenziswa kwembali, i-FFom, ikho. [[3] Icebo elikhoyo elikhoyo, elisetyenziswayo elipheleleyo, kodwa elisetyenziswayo.[5]