Amabali aphumelela ngokuqhelana , athanda ukuqaphela imizekelo, ukusuka kumncedisi osisilumko ukuya kwigorha elinemvukelo. Kodwa xa wonke umntu evakalelwa njengeplani eguquliweyo, kwanelona cebo lichulumancisayo lingadityaniswa. Ubuchule bokuphuhlisa iimpawu zobuntu abukokulahla ngokupheleleyo ezi plani; kungokokwazi ixesha lokuzisonga kwinto engalindelekanga. Ngokufunda ukuvavanya nokubhala kwakhona amabali, ababhali baguqula uhlobo olucacileyo lwe-archive types beba kubantu abahlala ezingqondweni zethu kude emva kwephepha lokugqibela okanye iityala. Oku kushwankathela kuhlola isizathu sokuba ukubhukuqamba ii-tropes ezinamandla kakhulu kwimibalo yanamhlanje, kwaye indlela okwazi ngayo ukuphinda ubhale ngayo ngaphandle kokudibanisa iintambo ezichukumisa ngokweemvakalelo ezidibanisa abafundi bakho.

Ngenene Luluphi uphawu lweentsontela ( yaye Kutheni Luncamathela

Phambi kokuba uphazamise i-troppe, kufuneka uyiqonde njengeglowusi eninzi. Iintambo zizithintelo zonxibelelwano lobali. Ziquka iimpawu zesitokhwe njengoKhethiweyo, ifem Fare, okanye i-Trickster; imilinganiselo ekwimeko efana ncam yonxantathu okanye unxantathu wegorha elithanda ukubiza; kwaye ii-stylicsics njenge struction semontage. Ekwakheni uphawu, i-trope isebenza njengohlobo lwesakhelo esifutshane. Xa umfundi edibana nomcuphi osisinxilileyo nentambo yokunxila, zonke iintsika zangasemva zobukhomba nobuntu obumadolw ’ amafutha zingenamxeko. Oku kwenza ukuba i-trope iphile.

Isibheno solwazi siyinyaniso. I-injini ye-enjini ehamba ngomlinganiselo, kwaye i-tropes zimpompo ziindidi ezivakalayo kwizithethe − a inqaku likaJoseph Campbell elidume ngokuzotywa kwiHero's Journey. Kodwa ukuqhela kubangela ukungadeli kakhulu njengentengo. Xa umfundisi ngamnye eyindoda ekhulileyo, ngamnye wamabhinqa ukhokela inzala yothando kuqala kunye nomntu ongomzuzwana, kwaye yonke into embi ingumkhosi onyanzelayo wobubi obumsulwa, abaphulaphuli-ndlebe bayeka ngokukhutheleyo. Batyibilika kwi-moya. Kungoko xa incoko isuka kuxabiso kwiparodying, kwaye apho ukuguqulwa kungena njengesixhobo sokulungisa iprojective.

Amandla Okuguqula Okutyhila Iskripti

Ukuguqula uphawu i-trope akuthethi ukwenza ngokuchasene noko kulindelekileyo. Oko kusenokuba nje buvila. Ukuguqula igorha libe ligorha ukuze lifumane ixabiso lothuso kunqabile ukulwakha ubunzulu obuhlala buhleli. Uguquko lwenyaniso lubandakanya ukuseka ipateni ecacileyo kwaye emva koko uphanda iziphumo ezinyanisekileyo, zomntu zokwaphula. Oku kubangela ukuba ingqondo yabaphulaphuli iphinde ilawule, kuxhokonxe intelekele uluko olutsha noluxelwe kwangaphambili olubangela amabali azive ephilile.

Iingenelo zokucetyiswa ngokucingisisiweyo zinzulu:

  • [[FLT: 0] Ukuzivumelanisa: Xa uphawu lungavumi ukulandela isikripti sabo esichaziweyo] xa iNTOMNYANA izisindisa kungekhona ngesenzo esinye sobugqwabalala kodwa ngobuchule obuzinzileyo, obufunyenweyo, `iintshukumo ezivakala zivuleka intlonelo kunye notyalo-mali. Oko kusigwebo semvakalelo esenza ababukeli bajonge imboniso okanye abafundi benja-ear iphepha.
  • Ukungaxeli kwangaphambili: Uxanduva lwenziwe kakuhle lwenza ingqiqo yokuba nantoni na inokwenzeka. Oku akuthethi ukuba isiphithiphithi singenayo; kuthetha ukuba le ngxelo isebenza kwingqiqo yokuziphatha nengqondo engakhange ibekwe ngocingo kwisahluko sokuqala. Oku kugcina incoko ephezulu kunye ne-meter cooler imnandi.
  • [[FLT: 0] Ingcaciso yodidi: Iintambo zithwala imithwalo", ngokufuthi iimbono eziphelelwe lixesha malunga ne-screen, amandla, kunye nochazo. Ukutyhila i-trope kungaba yimpikiswano ezolileyo kodwa enamandla. Uphawu olubhalwe ngokuchasene nohlobo lungathandabuza ukuba sithini na ngamandla, intlawulelo, okanye ukungaphumi kwento ngaphandle kokuphuma kwebali ukuze sishumayele.

Ukujonga nzulu indlela ukuguqulelwa kwenye indawo okungasetyenziswa ngayo njengendlela yokuchaza imbali ngabom, ubuncwane bombhali obufana ngoku bukhokelwa nguNovel ekuphambukeni kweetrope inika isiseko esisebenzayo aba babhali abaninzi abaye basebenzisa ukubumba imibhalo yabo yesandla.

Ulawulo Olungagqibekanga

Obona basebenzi bangenakulibaleka beminyaka engamashumi amabini edluleyo ababhalwanga kakuhle; baye bavavanya ngokutsha oko besicinga ukuba bafanele babe kuko. Iimeko ezimbalwa ezizikhuthazo zibonisa indlela ukunyuswa kwelizwe okuphakamisa ngayo lonke ibali.

U-Elsa nokukhululeka kuMphathi-Mbindi omnye

I-FLTY [[FLT: 0] Isoloko ikhankanywa, kwaye ngesizathu esilungileyo. U-Elsa akango "dissel" nje efunda ukulwa; uphinda afunde ngamandla kwaye awedwa umntu. Ithi thaa intletheli izakumphosa njengengozi okanye imo elusizi emele igcinwe ngokuncamisa kwenkosana. Endaweni yoko, iAlsa' ikwindawo yokulwa nokuzifumana intelekiso yezothe. Umhobe wakhe "Yiya" ibala ngokuba ikhuphisile nje kuphela kuba ingayi kunyanzelekanga amandla e-proppe kodwa ingcamango yokuba amandla angamakazi amele ahlale enziwe ngenkangeleko. Ifundelwa ngokwawo.

UWalter White Nokungabikho Komdla Kumntu Onovelwano

Ukuthatha Amandla [[FLT: 1], ukurhwaphiliza kucotha, kusetyenziswa njengetyhefu. Walter White uqala njengomfundisi wezifundo zemfundo ephakamileyo enomhlaza `ucwangciso oludandulukayo "umntu onolwazelelelo lweprotagono uzakubonaka. Endaweni yoko, umboniso ukhuba ubuyisela ikhethingithi, ikratshi, kunye nenkohlakalo. Uthotho lwezothotho lungabuza: Ukuba umntu omnene opholileyo akangomntu olungileyo, kodwa umntu ozimomo zakhe ezimbi zimvumele? Ngesiphelo, abaphulaphuli-ndlebe banokuqhatha nge-rhaba. Oku kudlamfafaza "unti-rope" kuguqula incoko yayo ye- televini, kwaye kuguqula i-FTPPTY]

IKatniss Everdeen kunye neSisindi esingabuRoman

IMidlalo yeNkqutyana iMidlalo enzima enzima ebizwa ngokuba yiKatniss kwibhokisi yentlabathi yonxantathu yothando, kodwa akaze adlale umdlalo ngokupheleleyo. Injongo yakhe ephambili kukusinda ``yena nentsapho yakhe' kwaye ii-'equants' ze-'ethentil' zikwimeko embi, umsindo wakhe, kunye nengqondo yakhe yeqhinga. Oku kuguqulwa kwe-"femagnonist" kufuneka kukhethe uxinzelelo olubonakala lufana nomntu oqhelekileyo osisilwayo kunesikhokelo sothando. Uthotho lwahlula, olubona ii-Katnis zaphukile kwaye zihoya ngokuzolileyo kunokukhokela kwe-Morestlestpe.

Joe Goldberg Nomntu Ongenakuthenjwa

UCaroline Keppnes [Uwe (notshintsho lwawo lukamabonwakude) luphazamisa isikhokelo sothando ngokuhamba ngqo kwimbonakalo yomntu osebenza ngemicu. Joe Goldberg ufunda kwaye ukhangeleka njengonovelwano, ingwevu ebhalwe kwincwadi enokuba ligorha lerom-com, kodwa imonognoge yakhe yangaphakathi ityhila izibalo ezindindindilisekileyo ngaphantsi. Le flip "diste edistate" ne "igrant" tropes ibonakalisa nje ufikelelo lwabaphulaphuli ngokunika ingqondo evumela yonke into, inyanzela ababukeli ukuba bamela njani nangoko oko kukuziphatha, kwenye iknamkhanyiso.

Umdlalo Wezihlangu Nokubulawa Kwezikrweqe Eziyiqhinga

George R.R. Martin's Ingoma yomkhenkce nomlilo uthotho lwezihlokozo lwaduma ngenxa yokwenza oko kwavakala njengokutshatyalaliswa ngokucwangcisiweyo kweHero's Journew. I-Ned Stark iqaliswe njenge-protagonist enobukhazikhazi, indoda obekiweyo, indoda obeyifuna ukulandela edabini. Ukubulawa kwayo ekupheleni kwencwadi yokuqala asiloqhinga nje lokujija, ngumthetho obonisa ukuba imithetho yeli hlabathi ayikhuseli intle. Ukuguqulwa kwenqanawa okuphakathi kwenqanawa (ukungalulo olucacileyo) abaphula amathemba ngenxa yephulo nomabonwakude. Yalungiselela umhlaba ofana noweTyrion Lan, ozigqume, nowe yi-Rann, oqala ngokuba ngumntu ochule kwinte echule, oqala ukuba aqalise inte elungileyo.

Ubuchule bokukhupha iintambo zophawu ezinenjongo

Iqhina lomzimba alifanele livakalelwe njenge pinki etsalwa kubaphulaphuli. Kufuneka isetyenziselwe, idityaniswe, kwaye idityaniswe ngokulandelelana. Nazi iindlela ezintlanu ezikuvumela ukuba uphinde ulungise isibumbelo oqheleneyo kuso kwinto ethile yantlandlolo.

  • Guqula isiphene sesiseko. Udidi olungundoqo luphethe ubuthathaka obufihliweyo. Okhethiweyo usoloko egula yimibris okanye ukuma okushwabana kwesiphelo. UMentor ulumkile kodwa ukude. Chaza ubungozi obungundoqo be-archime type usebenza ngayo kwaye emva koko uyibeke embindini wohambo lophawu ngendlela eyaphula ukungunda. Undoqoshela ombindini ofuna ngamandla uxhulumanisa kwaye wenza izigqibo ezimaxongoyo ukugcina igorha likufuphi necebo lokujika isikhokelo elikhanyiselwe kwintlekele.
  • nikeza uphawu oluchasene nomphandle wohlobo lwe-arch. I "rebel ngaphandle kwesizathu" yitrope eqhelekileyo. Ukuba unobangela yinto enzulu yasekhaya nengalawulekiyo], kodwa unyamekela umzali ogulayo? Imvukelo ihlala, kodwa ishukumisela abaphulaphuli ekususeni uphawu kumntu wonke wephupha, ukongeza umaleko we-grint. Ukuphinda uphindo lwefem ihambo echuliweyo njengendlela yokuzingela yokuzikhusela ekhondweni, kunokuyilwa nobungendawo, yenza abaphulaphuli bacingele kwakhona umgwebo wabo.
  • Sebenzisa umva wokubhaliweyo, hayi ingxengxezo. Imbali ebuhlungu yezobungendawo esetyenziselwa ukuthethelela ububi babo ingaba yintlondi edinileyo. Oku kuthetha ukuveza imbali eyenza abaphulaphuli baqonde indlela yokwenzakalisa ngaphandle kokuphembelela umonakalo. Bonisa ungquzuko kungenjengeflashback, kodwa ngendlela yayo yokuziphatha iipartime +*, izithethe ezimbi ezibonisa indlela eyakhiwe ngayo. Oku kucacisa indlela elula ngayo imfesane yobuntu babo.
  • I-IMPAWU yokwahlukana kwemida ephikisanayo. Ibhinqa elingumphumi-mkhosi elikwangumzali othantamisayo, igosa elineenkolelo ezinzulu, igosa elineembono ezinzulu, igosa elingaze lixoke, elithi lizingxenge ngako, ezi mpikiswano zivakala zingabantu kunokuba zidibane ne-trope-compliant. Xa ukha iimpawu ezibambeneyo, ezibonakala zingqubana, uzenza ngokuzenzekelayo ujijekise ukulindela okuneno-nothi okuvela ngohlobo olunye lohlobo lwe-arche. Iimbono ezidibeneyo azinakukhangeli ngokukhangela iibhokisi; azifuni ukuvuna ukuxabana okutyebileyo okwenza abasebenzi bangaziqondi.
  • Dlala ngentshumayelo yengxelo. Ngamanye amaxesha ukuguquleka kuyenzeka kumgangatho wokuchaza ibali. Ukuba uphawu luveliswe ngamehlo omntu onqula okanye ozijongela phantsi, ingqiqo yomfundi iyahluzwa. Kamva, xa umba wesikhombo ubonisa iziganeko ezifanayo kwimbono yangaphakathi eluhlaza yophawu, i-trope iyashwabana. "i-manic pixie phulos" iba ngumntu wokwenene ngeengxaki zakhe zexesha ikhamera ijika kwaye akasaxhasi umsebenzi wokukhula kwendoda.

Iingozi Ezifihlakeleyo: Xa Ukulungela Ukufumana Impahla Esemva Komlilo

Kuzo zonke iinzuzo zayo, ukuphazamisa i-trope akuyonto yomlingo. Iphethwe ngesandla esinzima, ingonakalisa ulwalamano phakathi komntu obali ibali kunye nabaphulaphuli. Ababhali abasukela izinto ezintsha nangayiphi na indleko badla ngokuwela kwimigibe embalwa eqhelekileyo.

Impikiswano ngaphandle komahluko. Uphawu olusebenza ngokuchasene nohlobo kuphela ngenxa yokujijeka luza kuziva lungekho mgangathweni. Ukuba umphindisi onobubele ngesiquphe usuka aphuke aze abulale umntu onesihluku ngaphandle kophawu lwangaphambili lwamandla, abaphulaphuli baziva bekhohlisiwe kunokuba bothuswe. I-"Option" kufuneka ifakwe ngokuzolileyo, phantse iziphumo ezingabonakaliyo ezinokuthetha intsingiselo yokuzinza. Iinguqu ezingcono zikwenza uthi "Of", Imele ibone ukuba" ngenxa yokuba isiseko sibekwe, hayi ngenxa yokuba umbhali umphahlile.

[[FLT: 0] Ukunceda abaphulaphuli bakho abaphakathi. Abafundi nababukeli bangena kwibali elinemimiselo yezithembiso ezipheleleyo ``uthando' ngethemba, imfihlelo iphela, imfihlelo igqiba imfihlelo. Ukukhupha itrope echaza idinga elichaza iintambo zomthwalo ungaziva njengekhaphelo ukuba awuphathwanga ngononophelo. Ukuba ubhala isifeyithi esidubayo kwaye umfoti okrelekrelekrele ujika ukuze usebenzise zonke izinto ezinikayo, usuke waphule isivumelwano. Cinga oko i tropes zithwele iindonga ezithwele umthwalo kwaye ezihombisayo. Ungaziva ngathi uyakwazi ukulungisa iimpahla; iimpahla ezithulo ezifuna ukuhombayo.

I-'i-'i-'i-application''' i-messages ngaphaya kophawu. Xa ukuguqulelwa kwenye indawo kusiba sisixhobo sobuchule",""Iyenza eli bhinqa libe namandla ngokwasemzimbeni kunawo onke amadoda ukungqina inqaku""=uphawu luba luphawu, hayi umntu. Iimpawu ziyakrazuka. Abaphefumli. Ixesha abaphulaphuli baziva befundiswa, unxulumano lweemvakalelo luyaqhawuka. Umbindi-o-mfono kufuneka avakalelwe njengomntu osebenza ngokupheleleyo ozenzo zakhe zisuka kukuqonda kwangaphakathi, nokuba olo buchule bungalindela.

Ukufakelwa ngaphandle kokuphinda kuphinde kusebenze. Ekuzameni ukuphepha ii-trope ezilula, abanye ababhali banqwala kwiimpawu eziphikisanayo de uphawu lube luluphawu olunamandla. Umfundi ufuna ukuqwalaselwa kwendlela evakalayo okanye umnqweno ongundoqo (ukuza kusetyenziswa. Kwanalowo uvukelayo kufuneka abe nomnqweno, uloyiko, okanye uthando oludityaniswe jikelele. Ngaphandle kwe-ankile, ukujika komphambili we-ankile kuba yingxolo.

Ufundo lwetyala: Ukuchasa 'Umntu otshate' Intambo kwi Fantasy yale mihla

Ukusuka kuKumkani Arthur ukusa kuHarry uMbumbi, umntu osisigodlo esiprofetiwe oya kusindisa ihlabathi lisinde kwiintsomi zethu ezidityanisiweyo. Kodwa kwiminyaka yakutshanje, amabali athile athandwayo aye aguqula olo themba.

J.K. umqulu uthe watyala imbewu yokuguqulwa kwangoko: iNeville Longbottom inokuba yinkwenkwe eyaphila. Lo mgca mnye uvumela kwakhona uHarry njengohambo olupheleleyo njengesiphumo sokhetho, hayi isiprofeto esisigxina. I trope imoshakele ngokungenisa icebo lobukhokhosi kunye nesibonelelo somntu kwiplani yobuthixo. Kamva imisebenzi ityhalela phambili. N.K. Jemisin's [[FLL: 0] IXesha lesihlanu , i-proganist Esun inamandla, ihlabathi lingenamkhondo, yaye akukho mgcini-mgcini-mveli; uphukile, umfazi onomsindo noweyoloza eqhutywa yimpotho ehlabathini. I-FLTray' ithetha ngogonyamelo lwakhe.

Kwifilimi, ISibumbelo sasinika i-Treaty, kodwa imo yakhe Ekhethiweyo yabuzwa ngokukhawuleza. Ukholo lukaMorpheus lwabonakala luphantse lunganyaniseki, kwaye aba balinganisi bahlola ukuba isiprofeto ngokwaso sasiyinkqubo yolawulo. Ukuguqulwa kolu hlobo: kutheni ukuba ukuba Lowo ungomnye nje umkhongozelo ocetyiweyo ocetyiweyo ukuze udlulisele imvukelo kwimijelo eqingqiweyo? Oku kujijekezela kubonisa ukuba ukubhukuxa kwe-trope kungacinezela isakhelo samabali esibambelela kuso. Ukusondela kwesi sifundo sixinzelelweyo kutyhila isifundo: ukuguqulwa komcimbiswa kusebenza kakuhle xa uphendula umbuzo. Ukuba ibali lakho libuza "Yimalini ekhethekileyo?" i-scroption onyuliweyo kurhoxiwe kumntu obalulekileyo kunokuba anyuse.

Ukhuphelo lwe projekti kwi Practice yakho yokubhala

Ukurhwebelana kwabasebenzi abavukeli asiyonkqubo yokuhlala phantsi ndisithi ngoku ndiyawufihla udidi olubi lomfana. Ngumsebenzi onzulu. Qalisa ngokubuza uthotho lwemibuzo yokuxilonga kwintloko nganye kwibali lakho:

  • Lo mntu ucinga ntoni ngabo ngokwabo?
  • Yintoni eyona nto imangalisayo abanokuyenza xa becinezelekile, yaye ngoba?
  • Luluphi ulangazelelo olubonakala luzalisekiswa bubuntu babo, yaye bazichitha phi ngokwenene eziphelweni?
  • Ukuba lo mlinganiswa ebenokusilela ngokuphawulekayo kwisabelo sabo sentambo, inganjani loo nto?

Bhala umfanekiso osuka kwimbali yabo ophikisana nohlobo lwabo lwangoku. Ukuba bayigorha elizithembayo, babonise befe umzimba ngokhetho. Ukuba bayinkulisa, babonise ukuba bashiya umntu ngexesha lokuzikhusela. Sebenzisa ezi ziqwenga ezibuya umva ezingeyomfuneko ukupapasha, kodwa ukwakha uxinezeleko oluziintloni ezintathu oluza kuvuza kwilizwi lakho lengxelo.

Enye indlela enamandla yokuzilolonga yi "intambo" thatha uphawu olupapashiweyo oluncomayo oluphazamisayo umlinganiselo. Yaphula ixesha elililo apho ulindele khona kunye nento eyenzekayo ibhabha. Phawula ukuba luluphi ulwazi umbhali alugcinanga, yintoni eyaboniswayo, kwaye xa uvika ipeni. Iinkosi ezifunda njengoToni Morrison (onophawu olungavumelaniyo nodidi lweqela lomntu) okanye iKazuo Ishiburo (oneenqanawa ezingathembekanga zinokuyiphazamisa njani incwadi yokuvuma) zingakufundisa ukuba icebo lingenako ukukukhohlisa.

Ikamva Lophawu Oluneembovane Kwixesha Lezinto Ezithethwa YiSavvy

Abaphulaphuli banamhlanje bafika bexhobe ngokufunda amabali. Babone amawaka amabali, kwaye bafunxa izikhokelo ezivela kumaphepha ambalwa okuqala. Umda olandelayo wokuphuhlisa kophawu awukuthethi ukusungula udidi olutsha lohlobo lophawu-ukungaqiniseki qha, kodwa kukuyila ezindala ngendlela ecokisekileyo kangangokuba bazive bentsha. Oku kufuna ukuba ukuzimisela ukuhlala kwingxaki engaqhelekanga, ukuvumela abasebenzi batshitshitshiswe, ukwamkela olo tshintsho lungabiza abafundi abathile abafuna ukuthuthuzelwa yintelekelelo.

Kodwa umvuzo uyamangalisa. I-trope ejijekileyo ingaba lixesha lonxulumano lokwenene kwilizwe elinengxolo. Xa umdlali edida amathemba ngexa ebonakala eyinyaniso kuye, asiwakheli nje qha amagqabantshintshi. Siwacaphula. Siwaphikisa. Le yi-alchemy comment ibhalwe ngolu hlobo: ukuthatha isiseko sentsimbi yecliché kwaye ukujija into ebamba isipili kubunzima bomntu. Ekupheleni, injongo ayikohlukanga ngenxa yomahluko, kodwa inyanise ngendlela evakala imangalisa, ibetha ngamandla. Yiyo, iyayithanda i-trope, ifunde, ize ikhuphe intsika epheleleyo ebangela ukuba imoye yohlobo olupheleleyo.