Ubomi Botshintshiselwano Oluphakathi Komnqamlezo

Phambi kokuba i-amime ibe yimeko yomhlaba wonke enophawu olubonakalayo olubonakala ngokukhawuleza, olugqithisileyo, ulwelo, intlondi ekhukulisiweyo, ukusabela okugqithisileyo kweemvakalelo, `abadali bokuqala bakhangela ngaphaya kwemida yeJapan ukuze bafumane ukhokelo lobugcisa. Phakathi kwezona zinto zinzulu ezichaphazela ukuyila okuzinzileyo kokuza kuba yinkqubo yobuchule yolwimi lwesiseko evezwe nguWalt Disney Studios. Kumashumi eminyaka alandela imfazwe yehlabathi II, iifilimu zikaDindyy azikhangeli nje kuphela izimdla zoonginginya zamaJapan kodwa kwakhona zabangela ukuba ingcamango yesizukulwana esitsha se-amgamfatha esazi senkciciciciss. Olu lungiso lotyalo lotyando lwemichizalu, umbutho, kunye nezixhobo zobuphini bakudala olubonakalayo namhlanje.

Okwenza le mpembelelo ibalasele kangaka lixesha layo. IJapan ngexesha elifutshane emva kwemfazwe yayililizwe elitshintshayo, elixabana noloyiswa, umsebenzi, kunye nokuphinda lakhiwe kophawu lwalo lwempucuko. Impucuko ethandwayo yaseMerika yazaliswa kwelo lizwe ngesiseko somkhosi, izivumelwano zorhwebo, kunye nosasazo losasazo losasazo-lwazi. Phakathi kweziphumo ezithe zanempembelelo enkulu zemifanekiso eshukumayo kaDiseney, eyafika ngesixhobo sobugcisa obuphucukileyo nenkcubeko engokweemvakalelo abaphulaphuli-ndlebe abangazange bayibone ngaphambili. Le nto yayingeyo nje into ebangela ukungqubana kwentandabulumko zemifanekiso engabonakaliyo ekugqibeleni eyayizakuba nento entsha.

Imbali Nesiphazamiso SaseJapan

Ukudibana kweJapan noDisney ulinganiso lwaqala ngokunyanisekileyo emva kokuphela komsebenzi ngowe-1952, nangona ezinye izihlolo zangaphambi kwemfazwe zenzekile kwiminyaka yoo1930. Ngokumhlophe kunye nePeven Dyarfs [1937]) zafikelela kwimidlalo yaseJapan (1937]). Ezi zikhupha ngexesha apho ilizwe laliphinda lakhiwa khona nelalibungela ixesha eliqhelekileyo, impucuko yamazwe aseNtshonalanga ([FLT] [avolt] ibhekiselele kwi-Japaneiei. [[5] imibala eshushu, kunye nemisebenzi eshukuma-Dioktook, ehambayo, nevelayokunyaka emide kakhulu, [Foctive] [Fokn] [5] [5]] [5] [[10]]

Kuba abazobi abakhulayo njengo Osamu Tezuka, owabona [[FLT: 0] Ngokumhlophe [ uninzi lwamaxesha kwaye kuthiwa bajonga Babambi [ ngaphaya kwamashumi asibhozo, amava ayengakhange abonakale nto iqalayo. ITeka kamva izakukhumbula ukuba ukubukela [[FLT:]] [[FLT:]] [FLT]] [5] yabangela ukuba alile ixesha ngalinye, hayi ngenxa nje yebali kodwa ngenxa yovelwano olunzulu oluvelwayo. Iifilimu ezibonisa ukuba uopopayi zinokubangela uvelwano olunzulu, ukuvezela okuntsonko, nokuthuthoza okusuka kwihlabathi lonke. Oku kuqwalaselwe yimbonakalo yemifanekiso eshukumayo ekhutshwe yimigqwnth''''''[5]

Impumelelo kaDiseney yamazwe ngamazwe yabalaselisa ukusebenziseka koopopayi. Ii studio ezininzi zamaJapan, zisavelisa iimposiso kunye neefilimu ezifutshane zemfundo, zaphawula. Ingcamango yokuba umboniso ophilileyo unokulawula intlonelo efanayo kunye nebhokisi yebhokisi ibuya njengomfanekiso ophilayo ophembelela iphulo lephulo lephulo. Ngasekupheleni koo 1950, u-Toei Oopopayi wasekwa ngenjongo ecacileyo yokuba “iDisney yeMpuma,” umsebenzi owawuzakuba ngumjelo ngqo weslamsi woDindyyney nempembelelo yentlangano kwishishini laseJapan. Inkampani ifake igalelo elikhulu kwizixhobo zemveliso, uqeqesho, kunye nokusasaza imodeli yemixokelelwano emva kwenkqubo yeDisney stuast. Isiseko sengxoxo yezobugcisa enqamlezweyo.

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba iJapan yayingengomntu nje ongenzi nto ofumana impembelelo kaDisney. Ilizwe lalinezithethe zalo ezityebileyo zokubalisela ngentelekelelo, ukusuka kwimizobo yokuhlisa unyusa yexesha le-Heian ukuya kwizinto ezintsha zemidlalo yexesha le-Edo. Oko kwanikelwa nguDisney kwakusigama lobuchule lokuzisa ezo zithethe kwixesha langoku lobundaba bobuninzi. Abaquququzeleli bamaJapan babekhetha koko bakubolekayo, besebenzisa ubuchule baseNtshona ukuze bafanelane nobuchule babo benkcubeko kunye nemeko yezoqoqosho.

Ubuchule Bokusasaza Emva Kwemfazwe

Ixesha lokufika kukaDisney eJapan alibangakho ngengozi. Emva kwemfazwe, urhulumente waseMerika wakhuthaza ngamandla ukusasazwa kweefilimu zaseMelika njengenxalenye yomgudu wonxibelelwano lwenkcubeko. Iifilimu zeDiseney zabonwa njengezifanelekileyo, ezingezopolitiko ezingokwaseNtshona Koloni ezinceda ukwakhiwa kwakhona kwempucuko yaseJapan ngelinye ixesha lokuvelisa ingeniso yenkqubo yeqonga yaseMelika enzima. Urhulumente waseJapan wamkela ezi filimu ngehlombelo, kwaye phakathi koo1950, abasebenzi beDisney babonwa njengamagama amakhaya anjengeTokyo, Osaka, neKyotokiya. Oku kutyhilwa okusasazeleyo kwadala isizukulwana sabantwana baseJapan esakhula ngolwimi olubonakalayo lwaseMerika oluqhelekileyo, olubenza abaphulayo abaphulayo, kwaye benziwe ngohlobo olutsha lobugcisa bexesha elizayo.

Osamamu Tezuka: Iphulo Eliguqula Abaphakathi

Akukho manani angcono abonisa udibaniso lweDisney-amanee olungcono kuno-Osamu Tekaka, umzobi onesiphiwo esibizwa ngokuba nguThixo weManga. Ukuzinikela kukaTezuka kuDisney kwakungokobuqu kunye nobuchule. Wayesoloko echaza uWalt Disney njengomfundisi omkhulu, nangona la mabini ayengadibaniyo. u-1966] udibana no-New York World’s Fair, apho ekugqibeleni uTeka wadibana nesithixo sakhe, wafuzisela ukudluliswa kwela iflayesi. UTeka wayesele uDishneysss kwaye wayesele eqhelekile kwinkqubo yokuziqhelanisa kunye nomo lwamaJapan. Intlanganiso edityaniswe nje kuphela, kodwa kamva wachaza uTeka njengomnye umlinganiselo wobomi bakhe.

I-Tezuka's yamandulo i-mantaeasting for iSquare Island Button (1947) kunye uMlawuli we-Jungle Leo [50]) edityanisiweyo imilinganiselo yeDiseney-escessmey: umlinganiselo weentloko ezingqukuva, amehlo amakhulu, kunye nemizimba erhabazayo enxibelelana ngokuma nangabonisi. Impembelelo yembonakalo yabonakala yayicacile. Xa watshintshela kumfanekiso we mabonwakude [[FLTLT:4] [astro Boy [6] [5] (5])) umendo lokuqala lweveki ne-TV olunomtsalayolo othe kratyayo. Uthelelano oluninzi lwamehlo, olungakhazinyonyonyonyo; uluvumela ukuba baluvumele ukuba bafumane uvuyo, uluvo oluqhelekileyo, oluthelelwa luthe olo luthenjiweyo, oluthe luthi luthi luthi luthi

Kanti uTezuka akazange akhuphele nje kuphela iDisney. Wadibanisa imigaqo yoopopayi be Hollywood kunye nobume beqela leenqanawa zemanga ezichazayo, edala ulwimi olukhawulezileyo olubonakalayo. Apho umboniso weDisney unokubakho kwisiqalo esihle, Astro Boy wasebenzisa iingcebiso ezikhawulezileyo kunye nomjikelezo weqela ukuhlawula uqingqo-mali olunzima. UTemuka wangqina ukuba indlela yobuchule bobuGcino-Dishney isenokuhlala ihleli, kwanaphantsi kocwangciso olutsha lweTV. Umsebenzi wakhe wabeka isiseko sobuchule obulinganiselweyo obuzakuzichaza ii-amcacimo ngexesha lokugcina ii-mo zomfatho awayelufundiswe ngalo.

Ingcaphephe kaTezuka ixhomekeke kubuchule bakhe bokukhupha ibali lemvakalelo elithetha ngeDiscol Disney libe yeyona ndlela iqoqosha kakhulu. Wayeqonda ukuba ababukeli bangazalisa kwizithuba zeliso ngengcinga yabo, umgaqo awubolekayo ekufundeni kwemanga. Oku kwamnceda ukuba avelise iziganeko zeqhezu loqingqo-mali lukaDisney ngaphandle kokuncama iziphumo. Isiphumo yaba sisimbo esiqhelekileyo nesitsha, sivulela indlela yokugqabhuka kwe-aluefafa yoo-televiced ante ngoo 1960 nango1970.

I-Cinematic Ambiets yaseTezuka

Ngaphaya kwe Televiyo, iTezuka ifuna ulinganiso olubonakalayo. Ifilimu yakhe ka 1962 [[FLT: 0] i-Corner ibonisa impembelelo ecacileyo yeDisney kwi-anthromorphic yayo kunye nohlobo lomculo. Izixhobo ezidumileyo, [FLT][FLT]][FLT][65] [iiiiphawulo loMbini] i-Diasney [ikhulu] i-Dioyile ekhutshwa njengothothotho lwe-theleyo yemali. [i-Planet] I-etheyini yezilwanyana, ngamehlo azo amakhulu nobuso obuziqhubisayo, zazikhokelwe ngqo kuBambi noThumper. UKimba uhambo lwakhe olusuka kwi-Cexney [FTB:]

Anime Studios Wamandulo Wamkela IDisney Formula

ITezuka’s Mushi Production yayingeyodwa ekuboleni intshona. Ngonyaka ka1958, uToei Oopopayi wakhupha iTale yeNyoka enguWhite [[FLT]] uHakujaden[)), isiqalo sokuqala semifanekiso enomtsalane. Iprojekthi yayiyimpendulo ecacileyo kuDiaseney yendlela yobude obuyiyo. I-Toiei yafunda imodeli kaDyney, usetyenziso lwe-rosocking, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamanani omculo kwimibalwano. Iziphumo zaleyidiyo zazivakala ngokucacileyo kwicala layo elibuTshayina, kodwa zisuka kwimibhobho ejikelezayo, kunye nookiyotshiswe yi-Hainer, i-Skian, i-Skiedia, ngexesha elimnandi lomculo lomculo lohlobo lwamadu.

Iphulo likaToei ladlulela ngaphaya kwefilim enye. Le holo yaseka inkqubo yoqeqesho kwindlu yoqeqesho eyathumela ii-acam a applications ubugcisa bukaDish, ngemifanekiso-bhanyabhanya nangentsebenziswano kunye neemfonomfono zaseMelika. Kwakhona bafaka iikhamera ezininzi, ubugcisa iDisney buye bafaka uphando lokwenza ubunzulu obufana nolungelelwano lwamahlathi [[FLT: 0]] Babambi . Ubeko lwesibini luka-Magic Boy [[[FLT:]] [1959], ngokubhekele, yaphucula le ndlela yokulungisa, iprojects ezibonisa ukuthemba okukhulayo ekuxubaniseni koluko lwe-Japane.

I-Tezuka iprojekthi yobude obubonakalayo, Kimba iWhite Lion (65), yabonisa intsapho yezilwanyana ezifunxayo impembelelo kakhulu Babambii[[FLT]]. Ingonyama eselula iKimba inamehlo amakhulu, enovelwano kunye nembonakalo enxulumayo yezidalwa zasendle. Uthotho lwezihloko zemekobume kunye nolawulo, ezininzi njengeDisney's incoko yantlanis ezikhoyo zezilwanyana zenze, kodwa ihluzwe ngendlela yokuzicingela kwendalo kunye nohlobo lwayo oluqhelekileyo lobomi. Bonisa [ngendlela efana ne-FLTYDYD [5] i-FLTYM] kunye nohlobo lwe-Digneyney, oluchuliweyo lwezibonelo oluqhelekileyo lobuhlanga lwasekuhlaleni, olusuka kwi-engile yohlobo lwasekuhlaleni oluqhelekileyo lombane oluqhelekileyo, olusetyenziswayokusetyenziswayokusetyenziswayo.

Udibaniso lwe Toei-Disney

Ulwalamano lukaToei noDisney lwalungengolololo nje lokulinganisa. Indlu yobugcisa yayifuna ngamandla ukuzihlula ngokwayo ngokugxininisa indlela echanekileyo yamabali ayo. Ngoxa ITale yeNyoka eWhite isenokukhangeleka iDisney-kulinganiso lwayo, i-paddis, umculo, kunye nenkxalabo eziqhelekileyo zazingama kwicala elibonisa ukuba uqhekeko kunye nenkcubeko yanokuba luncedo ekuboneleni kwakudala kwaye kwanceda ukuzuza ukuxhamkanywa kwasekhaya kunye namazwe ngamazwe. Impumelelo kaToei ingqina kwakhona ukuba amaJapan anokukhuphisana noDishney ngokwendlela yawo, ukwenza umboniso wobuchule obubonisa ubuqhele-omfolo-Melika.

Izalathiso zoyilo lophawu zifumene imvelaphi yefney

Ukuqonda indlela ezidibene ngayo ezi zithethe zombini, kunye nendlela iingcali zamaJapan ezazitshintsha ngayo zakwazi ukuzenzela into ekhethekileyo.

Enkulu, Motive Mayes. Abazobi abadumileyo baphakamisa amehlo abo ukuze bakhulise unxibelelwano olungokweemvakalelo. Ukujong'ethayo kukaSnow White, ukujong'tha kwe-Pinocchio, nokubhanya okungenatyala kwabasebenzi abafundisa abazonwabisayo ukuba amehlo anokuthwala yonke into. ITezuka yathimba kule ngqiqo ityhafektha, inika abasebenzi bayo amehlo anokubezela, kakuhle ngeenyembezi, okanye amnyama ngokuzimisela. Abanye abalawuli be-Pinocchiocke balandela isus, bemisa “iliso elinolwazi oluphezulu" njengendlela encinane yokusebenza ngokunyaniseka nokudada. Igama lesiJapan [FLT:] [FLT] [FT] [3]

[[FLT: 0] Imodyment neMithetho yoPopayi. Imigaqo yeQumrhu ePhawulayo yoPopayi Imithetho ephindwe kabini yobunzima , edityaniswe ngu-Ollie Johnston noFrank Thomas, inikezele i-methorial , ukulindela, ukulandela- ngokugqithileyo, kunye nesenzo esigqithisileyo sanika abasebenzi beDindeney ubunzima obufana nobunzima kunye nesingqi. Ekuqaleni i-aimstudies, ezithintelwe ngoqingqo, azinakusoloko zisenza le migaqo isebenza ngokupheleleyo, kodwa zamkela intanda-bulumko. Kwakwimiboniso ebanzi, iintengiso ezithe ngqo, ukushukuma kwemiculo, ukuqinisekisa oko kuhamba kwemicu, ukuhleka, okanye ukuhleka kwemeko engabonakali kakuhle. Oku kuqwala kakuhle kwemeko lwemeko, ezithe ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezininzi, ezithe ukuqwala izithelela iinte, ezo zithe ukuqwalanisa iinte, ezo zithe zithe zithe

Udidi lwe-Active. Isakhiwo esicacileyo soncedo lwefilimu yeDiskillain-comic safumana ikhaya lendalo kwi-amine. Iprotagonist enesidima (ngokufuthi inkedama okanye ulutsha olujongene nengozi), uqhinga olunezintlondi ezixhobozo, kunye nomgca wesikhuseli othelekisayo othe khuthu, othe wabalaselisa imo e-swini. Uthotho olunjengo [[FLT]] [12] [63]) [FLT]) kunye [FLT] nolunophawu oluncinane lobunjani boko] oluthe khuthayo oluthe qhaqhaqhaqhazelelayo, kodwa kwangoko kwavela umahluko okhawulezayo, kodwa kwavela umahluko okhawulezayo.

Ukusetyenziswa kombala. I-Dispey’s Technicolor transformation profect yoopopayi beminyaka yee-1930, kunye nabaququzeleli baseJapan bakhawuleza ukwamkela imigaqo yayo. Ekuqaleni i-anime, ingakumbi imo yemifanekiso eshukumayo eveliswe nguToei, isebenzisa ingqokelela yemibala eyabethelela umahluko wendlela. Imibala eshushu ekhatshwa yimbonakalo yolonwabo nokhuseleko, ngelixa i- blueblue ne-gray ebonakalisa ingozi okanye i-gray. Lombala, obolekiweyo ngqo kwiDishneybook, waqinisa ukubetha kwemilo. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, isiJapan ive ive iphuhlis iindibano zombala zazo. "ukusetyenziswa kombala kwaye ngokusetyenziswa kobubomvu ukubonakalisa ukuthobeka kwe-okina.[11] kodwa isiseko setyala sithetha ngokucacileyo.

Ukuhlaziywa Kwezoqoqosho Nenkcubeko

Ngelixesha ulinganiso olupheleleyo lukaDiseney lwalufuna uqingqo-mali oluninzi kunye neminyaka yokuveliswa, umabonwakude wasebenzisa imali yemicu yezihlangu kunye nemisebenzi egqityiweyo. Imfuneko yokulungisa ukuhlengahlengisa ukuzalwa kolwakhiwo olwalungisa kwakhona ilifa leDiseney. Lilinganisela ulinganiso [1] Ukusebenzisa ii-frame ezimbalwa ngomzuzwana, ukuphinda-phinda ulinganiso lwesiqalo, kwaye ukuxhomekeka kwikhamera engaqhelekanga ihamba phezu kwemifanekiso emileyo . /iicamera evumelekile ukuvelisa isiganeko seveki ngeveki ngexesha esanika iziphumo. Isiphumo asibanga kukonakala kodwa iinguqulelo: i-aimee yavelisa isingqiniphithi esiphawuleka ngokutsha, imitshito ehambayo, i-monognote, kunye nokudubumka kwentshukumo.

Ngokwesithethe, abadali be-antime badityaniswe ubumnandi be-Disney bembonakalo yamabali asekelwe kwintsomi yamaJapan, imilinganiselo ye-samurai, kunye nentanda-bulumko yobuBhuda. Apho iimpawu zeDisney zigqibela ngezigqibo ezicacileyo zolonwabo, ekuqaleni i-aimaye yamkela izigqibo ezikrakrayo kunye nobunkimbi bemilinganiselo yokuziphatha. I-Tezuka'''''''''''''''''''''''''''Astroy [[FLTLTY'] [[FLTY:1], ngokomzekelo, intloko intloko eqheleneyo, ukucalulwa, ukunikela, kunye nohlobo lwabantu. Uyiliweyo ubuchule bungachoko lwe-Mokey Mousey Mouse'scey's, kodwa ubunzulu besandi soluvo lwayo oluqhelekileyo: umzekelo, ngoko kuditya lwazichaziwe.

Ukusetyenziswa kwamehlo amakhulu, abonisa intsingiselo entsha yesithethe. Kwindawo apho ubuso budlulisela khona umgama omninzi wangaphakathi, iliso elinyusiweyo laba yifestile kwimo-mphefumlo. Ii-asthetics, ezithi ngokwembali zibaluleke ngokufihlakeleyo kunye nokubekwa phantsi kwegama, zifumene indlela yokuveza ukuba i-etos ngeempawu ezigabadeleyo `a into echaza umgama wemvakalelo ye-Diffney osuka kunyaka-mashumi eminyaka. Amehlo akwi-ame asuka nje angabi mkhulu; , ayakwazi ukutshintsha ukusuka kuvuyo ukuya kusizi ukuya kusizinzo olufana nohlobo olunye. Olu lwimi lunokuvela ngqo ekungeneni kwe-Dneyneyneyney eninzi kodwa luye lwajika kakhulu kwaye lwatshintsha izandla zabazobugcisa baseJapan.

ICateery yoHlahlo-hlahlo

Imiqathango yezoqoqosho yolinganiso lukamabonwakude yayinzima. Ngelixesha uDisney echithe izigidi zeerandi kunye neminyaka yomsebenzi kwinkalo enye, iTezuka yavelisa i-Astro Boy iziganeko zexabiso elimalunga no1/100 ngomzuzu. Oku kwahlula okunyanzelisa amaJapan ukuba angene ngaphakathi. Baphuhlisa ubuchule obufana “nenkqubo yombane”. [=---"5] ukulandelelana kolinganiso ngaphaya kwemisebenzi", kunye “nohlobo lokulinganisa okungalinganiyo" olusebenzisa imidweliso encinci ngomzuzwana. Ezi ndlela, ezizalwa zizinto eziyimfuneko, zaba lukhetho oluchaza ukubonakala. I-stacto, umjikelo wobuso othe tyaba, kunye nosasa lwe-khamera olunamandla oluvela kwiziphumo ze-Dneyney.

Ukunyamezela Ilifa Nokuzalwa Kwesithonga Esikhethekileyo

Impembelelo kaDisney kwasekuqaleni i-ayime ayizange iphele njengoko i-amime ikhula; yaguquka yaba sisithethe esibanzi sokunconywa nokuxelelwa kweemvakalelo esiqhubeka ukukhuthaza abadali. uHayao Miyazaki weStudio Ghibli uphinda wakhankanya iiDisney njengempembelelo zobuntwana, kwananjengoko waphuhlisa isimbo sobugrafiya esicacileyo, sobufundisi. Ubeko lwendlela ebanzi yokwenza kwimifanekiso efana nomfanekiso we- ummelwane wam Toroto (1988) (unyaka) uphinda ukwenziwa ngonono komsebenzi kaDishney's Old Meney, nangona umgaqo wemifanekiso ube ngumJapan opheleleyo. Miyaki ukusondela kwakhe kumfanekiso othambekileyo, iinkcukacha zakhe zendlela yokubhabhabha, ukuqwa kwemeko-okisa iintambo zakhe zemali ezimhlophe.

Elifa likwasebenza ngokubuyisela umva: abazobi beziNxibelelwano bayazi ukuba i-ayinike iziphumo kumsebenzi wabo. Isenzo silandelana kwi [[FLT: 0] Atlantis: I-Empire elahlekileyo[ (2001] kunye nophawu oludweliswe ku [[FLT:]] [FLT]] Broro [[[FULT]]] [[FULT]]]] [3] [indlela yokubonisa unxibelelwano lwezitrato ezithengiswe kuyo [iiiindlela], ivala irhintyela yekhulu leminyaka elide lokudala. [[FLT][5]] [FT]] [FFT]]

Oku kwaqala njengokuchaza imbali. Iziphumo zaba yimbonakalo eyathi yasuka yafana nje noDissey ayizange iphinde ifane; yayidibanisela nge-dynamis, i-kabuki imidlalo, kunye nobunzima bentanda-bulumko yebali laseJapan. Umphumo waba lulwimi olubonakalayo oluye lwavakala lubandakanya abantu bomhlaba wonke ngokukhawuleza kodwa lwathwala iminwe eyahlukileyo yesithethe. Amehlo amakhulu kunye nolwezozi olukhe lwaphawulwa ukuba ludityanisiwe lwaba, nge-osmosis nofice, olubonisa ukuba yi-aime ngokwalo. Namhlanje abayili bezinto zobuGibo, ukusuka kuMako Shinto Shinskainskis, abanoia basuka kwi-protanonkiesss kutshotsholoyi ye-masters [FLDY:]

Imiqondiso Yale Mihla Yeli Lifa

I-Certemporate aime iyaqhubeka ibonakalisa ilifa layo elibukhali ngeendlela ezifihlakeleyo. Umenzi womsebenzi we [[FLT: 0] Wenzeka Ngaphaya Kwakho (2001) ubonise ityala elicacileyo lokuchaza iimvakalelo ze-Disney's speeapy's specives, ints ezikhoyo zomntu nezilwanyana. Ukuza-endimeni koluvolo lwefilimu olufana [[FLT:]] Ukuhamba noYounik-unik [[FLT:] [FLT] [200] [20] [0])] (20:9]) ulandela ukhuthulo lwemibatho lweminghiko, olupheleleyo ngomculo kunye noluyiyobugqi. Kwanento ekhoyo yohlobo olufana nolu hlobo lolwimi lwaseMerikan, olutheneyelelayo-Dans olusuka kuhlobo lwase-Dans.[FT], i-DNT.[FT]

Abo banomdla wokulandela olu luhlu lozalo ngokubhekele phaya, i-webhsayithi yoopopayi esemthethweni inika iziganeko zembali kwimisebenzi yokuqala yeqonga. Ukongeza, Tosho Hara's yempembelelo yolinganiso olunqamlezileyo [[FLT:] inika umxholo wemfundo yezobugcisa phakathi kweJapan neUnited States ngexesha lemfazwe. Ezi zinto zikhanyisa indlela oludityaniswe ngayo uthando lokuhamba ngenqanawa lungavala ngayo imigama emikhulu yenkcubeko.

Isiphelo

Iifilimu zediction Disney zasebenza zombini njengentsalela kunye nesanti yesanti yezobugcisa zakudala. Ukusuka kwisixhobo sokulinganisa isandi esivulekileyo sikaTezuka ukuya kwimifanekiso kaToei encoding, ingcingo yokuyila eyathunyelwa eCalifornia yatshintshwa yaba yinto entsha phantsi kwezandla zamaJapan. Oku kuzala komthungo wotyanisweno kwanika i-imimemedia/a umgangatho ohlala unamandla ayo amakhulu. Ukuqonda olu luhlu kukhulisa uxabiso lwethu ngendlela imida yobugcisa ephela ngayo xa abadali besebenzisa ubuchule besixhobo sokuhamba. Ilifa alihlali njengombhalo osezantsi kwimbali, kodwa njengentshukuphelo, iqhubekeka incoko phakathi kwezithethe ezimbini ezithi, ngeendlela ezininzi, ukukhula kunye.

Ibali likaDisney ne-aime liyibali lokutshintsha. Laqala njengempembelelo enye encediweyo yaba yintlupheko ephinda-phindwayo, yanelisa zombini izithethe. Amehlo agqithisileyo kunye nezimbo zolwelo ezaziphawule uphawu olufana no-". Ngoku zisebenza njengesiseko solwimi olubonakalayo lwehlabathi. Kwaye kololwimi, amazwi abazobi bamaJapan bathetha ngokucacileyo nangobugocigoci, esikhumbuza ukuba ubugcisa obungcono abusoze buhlale apho beqalile khona.It, ilungelelanisa, kwaye iba yinto enkulu.