Osamu Tezuka, ohlonelwa ‘ njengoThixo weManga,' washiya uphawu olungenakucinywa kwinkcubeko edumileyo yamaJapan ngequmrhu lomsebenzi othatha amashumi eminyaka. Phakathi kwendalo yakhe ehlala ihleli kwaye enefuthe ngu Jack Black [, uthotho lwe-manga olwavela okokuqala ngo1979 kwaye lwaqhubeka luvakala iminyaka. Le ngxelo ilandela impumelelo yemfihlelo, ugqirha osebenza ngaphandle kwemidabi yezamayeza, umelana neziphene ezinzulu zonyango nezigulana. Kude kunento yonyango, [[FLTLD:2] uJack [FLD] waqhubeka ukuvakalayo namhlanje, waba sisipili esibonisa inkcuku, inkcaciso enzulu ngobomi, nomlinganiselo wobomi babantu, kwaye ungenelo olungekho lumbi lwemeko oluqhubekayo ehlabathini.

Osamamu Tezuka: Isigqubuthelo Sokubona

Ukuqonda [[FLT: 0] UJack Mnyama], kufuneka kuqala aqonde ingqondo eyamkhawulayo. Osama Tezuka, owazalwa ngowe- 1928, wayeneqondo lonyango kwiYunivesithi yase-Osaka, nangona ekugqibeleni wakhetha i-maniga njengendlela yokuphila kwakhe. Le ndlela ingaqhelekanga yokusebenza . "a gqirha oqeqeshiweyo" kunye nomntu oqeqeshiweyo othetha ngebali-bali elincinane, esele ekwazi ukuchaza imisebenzi yakhe ngokuthembeka nangemfesane. [FLT:] ubuchule bakhe bangaphambili, ukusuka [[FLT:] ku-Asro B ku-[FLT:] kumbuzo oqhelekileyo, uphando oluthe kralelwa kumntu omhlophe [FLT] [FLT] [5] [5], xa kuthelwenze undo oluphindo olupheleleyo, oluthe lwamayo, oluthe lwamayo, lwamavayokunye undo oluqhelekileyo lonyango, lwamava lwama lwamavayo, lwamayelayo, lwamayela

IGenesis Yomthetho Wokuya Kuza Kuzaliswa

[[FLT: 0] UJack omnyama wavela okokuqala ku [[FLT:] uShōnen Champion ngo1973, esebenza de kwangowe1934 kwaye ekhupha amacandelo angama-242 athengwayo. Umqhubi, owaziwayo kuphela ngesixhobo sobuMnyama Jack, ngugqirha onobuchule ojijijekileyo onesivava-jiji esinqamle ubuso bakhe, nobumnyama obudlulileyo. Usebenza ngaphandle kwelayisensi, kwaye ufuna imali eninzi kakhulu (ngok) kwaye usoloko efuna ukuhlawula izigula ezigulayo ezibonakala zifanelekile okanye iimeko zakhe ezichukumisa isazela sakhe esifihlakeleyo. Oku kuchaza ungcelele oluthe luluvo lwamcacileyo, kodwa uluthi kungabikho kwempondo olugqithisileyo. Uvavanyo olunzulu lwezonyango, uqeqesho olusuka kwimiqatha yemithetho yezongasayi-1970, kwanoluthi yemivukelo yezo elungileyo, ekwaye iziphumo zezondondonganyani elungileyo, ehambayo, kodwa engathi iziphumo

Undoqo KaBlack Jack Nobuntu Bakhe

Enye yezinto ezinyanzelisayo zeli nqaku yimeko ecacileyo ejikeleze ixesha elidlulileyo lika-Black Jack. IRebieflashs ityhila inkwenkwe egama linguKuro’o Hazama eyasinda kwingozi ekufuphi nengozi yotyando yaza yadityaniswa kunye nogqirha okrelekrele. Eli bali lemvelaphi ``umntwana ohlaziyiweyo' uchaza ukuxhalatyiswa kwakhe bungcwele bobomi kunye nenkululeko yakhe ekrakrakra. Ukungavumi kwakhe ukudibana nobume bezamayeza asiko nje ukuvukela; licebo lentanda-bulumko elijongene nenkqubo ejongekade i-breaucratic, inzuzo, ingakumbi ixhalabisayo kumsebenzi wezonyango, ngoko abanokusebenza njengendlela yokusebenza kwabo. Kwiziganeko apho abalawuli bezibhedlelene, oogqirha abonakele, okanye iinkampani ze-inshorensi, i-Bladecriacqueans, ii-o basebenzisa i-o basebenza njengezinto ezikhoyo, ngoko ke.

Imilinganiselo Yezempilo Kwiinjongo Zayo Zonke Izenzo

Into ephakamisa Mnyama Jack ukusuka kuthotho olulula lwezobugcisa ukuya kwimbombo ehlala ihleli luzibophelelo lwawo oluqinileyo lokuhlola imimandla engwevu yamayeza. UTeuka akaze alahleke ekubekeni abasebenzi bakhe kwiimeko apho kungekho mpendulo icacileyo. Utyando ngalunye luba yi-crucible esesikweni, luvavanya kungekuphela nje ubuchule bobugcisa bogqirha kodwa kwanemigaqo echaza abaphilisi. Ungxube lwezingxubene ezine ezisisiseko ezihlala zifanelekile namhlanje njengoko zazinjalo kwi1970: ukugwetyelwa kweenkqubo eziyingozi, intsingiselo yemvume echaziweyo, ukungavumelani phakathi kwemithetho yezobuntu kunye nomthetho wezonyango, kunye nemidalo yemiqatha.

Imilinganiselo Yokuziphatha Eyingozi

UTazuka unyanzelisa abafundi ukuba balwe nobunzima: Ingaba kulungile ukuzama utyando oluza kubulala umguli, nokuba ugqirha oqhelekileyo akavumi ukulwenza kuba amathuba okusinda aphantsi kakhulu, kuphela ukuba uBlack Jack angenele ngobuchule bomda. UTezuka unyanzela abafundi ukuba bazame ukuzama utyando oluza kubulala umguli, nokuba olu nyango lunokumenza afe? Kunjalo, omnye uthe wabhinqisa amawele aneziphene apho kungenakunqandwa ukuba elinye iwele liza kufa khona; inyathelo elibuhlungu loMnyama-Jack liba sisifundo kwimilinganiselo yokuziphatha enzima ngokuchasene nobungcwele bobomi bomntu ngamnye. Umfana akaze aphendule lula, endaweni yoko uveza ukuphakama kobu buchule obungokweemvakalelo kugqirha kunye neentsapho ezibandakanye.

Ukumvumela Umguli Nokuzibeka Esihlangwini Sokuzikhethela

Umbuzo ophambili uvela ngaphandle komnye. UJack uBlack uyakwazi ukwenza utyando ngaphandle kokutyhilwa ngokupheleleyo . Ngamanye amaxesha ukuze akhusele umguli ekuphelelweni lithemba, amanye amaxesha ngenxa yokuba ekholelwa ukuba imeko yemvakalelo yomguli ingenza buthathaka ukungqubana okunzima nokusebenzisana kwe-bioethics zangoku, oku kubangela ukuba umguli afumane inkululeko yokuzilawula. I-Temuka ithatha ingxaki ngokucacileyo: ugqirha usenokuba nolwazi oluphezulu, kodwa ngaba unika ilungelo lokulawula umnqweno womguli? Kwizikhombisi eziliqela, uBlack Jack ujongene nezigulana ezingafuni ukunyangwa ngenxa yezizathu zonqulo okanye zobuqu, ezimnyanzela ukuba avumelane nesizathu sobomi bakhe sokuhlonelana kwisebe ngalinye. La maxakishwa ajonge iingxoxo kamva malunga nemiyalelo yonqulo, ukungavumi kokwamkeli-nyango.

Imilinganiselo Yomntu Echasene Nomthetho

Njengogqirha ongacetywanga, uBlack Jack ukho kwimithetho esemthethweni esisigxina. Uqheliselo lwakhe luyiyo, kodwa usoloko engoyena mntu angasindisa ubomi. UTezuka usebenzisa le ngxabano ukuvavanya enoba umthetho usebenza ngokusesikweni okanye maxa wambi uyayiphazamisa. Olu ngcelele lubonisa oogqirha abathobela yonke imithetho kodwa bavumele izigulana zife ngenxa yotyando lweziko lokhuseleko loluntu, kwaye ngokuchaseneyo, iBlack Jack waphula imithetho kodwa ubuyisela ubomi. Oku kucelw'iselwano olufanelekileyo lokucinga ngenjongo yomthetho wezamayeza: ukukhusela abaguli okanye ukukhusela ingcungcuthelo? Ngoxa imigaqo yezonyango yanamhlanje igweba ngokucacileyo ukungaqhubi kotya kokhuseleko, iTezuka isandi sokusibuza ukuba xa kusenzeka, ukuba xa kuthe na, kusebenza umthetho ofanelekileyo.

Imida Yokungenelela Kwezamayeza

UTezuka usikhumbuza ngokungaguqukiyo ukuba kwanogqirha oyingcali yotyando ongoothixo akanako ukoyisa ukufa ngokupheleleyo. Kumanye amabali anzima kakhulu, Black Jack kufuneka amkele ukuba akukho buchule bungabuyisela umonakalo, ukunqanda ukwaluphala, okanye ukudaleka kwesiphelo somguli othe wasebenzisana nomguli omninzi oBlack Jack aphumeze uthotho lwendlela enzima, ekugqibeleni engenanto yakwenza ukwandisa ubomi, iphakamisa imibuzo ngomahluko phakathi kokwandisa ubomi nokwandisa ukubandezeleka. UTezuka uqeqesho lwezonyango lwamfundisa ukuba maxa wambi ukuvumela ungenelo olungcono, ubulumko obugqugqitha utho lwemingcelo lwendlela olunemingxube yemingxube yemingxube yonyango oluye yafunyanwa kutshanje kwincoko yezo yezamayeza.

Ubugcisa Obungacocekiyo Obufundisa Imilinganiselo Efanelekileyo

Ubuchule bukaTezuka abuphelelanga nje kwimo yendlela yokuziphatha kodwa kwindlela awayidlulisela ngayo. Ukuchaza kwakhe indlela yeqela eliphetheyo elihambayo, indlela yokuchaza iimpawu zobuntu, nokusetyenziswa kobuchule kokuthula kwimbonakalo yasemva kotyando.[1] Oku kunyanzela abafundi ukuba bahlalise iimvakalelo zabo, baqinise ulwazelelo lwendlela yonyango. Udweliso lwendlela ludibeneyo lwe-Rashomon-imon, ukubonisa ingxaki efanayo kwimbono ezininzi: umguli, umalathisi, umalathisi wesi, ugqirha wesibhedlela, noBlack Jack ngokwakhe. Olu buchule lunyanzelela abafundi ukuba bahlale iimbono ezingqubanayo, luqinisa ulwazelelo lwezo zonyango kunye neenkcukacha ze-procractic, ukuqhatha kweza i-Actives okanye ukuqhatha i-oktrons, ukuqhaba ii-agno ze-anslapy, ukuqhat, ukuqhatyiswa kwe-iagnogno, ukusetyenziswa kwe-ipy-ia, ukuvumisa okanye ukuvumisa i-opy, ukuvuvu

Impembelelo Kwimeko Engafaniyo Nezithethe Ezidumileyo

Impembelelo ye [[FLT: 0] Mnyama Jack [[FLT: 1] kulandelayo i-manga kunye ne-aine ayinakuchazwa ngokugqithisileyo. Yayinqila i- “manga” jinte eyathi kamva yaquka iingxube njenge Monster[, [[FLT]], , [[FLT]]], [[FOLT]], [4] .] .[FLTRAM [iinqathe] inguphazam', kwaye [iiiindlela] iyakwazi ukubuza i-Telmakzakn', kwaye i-'iphelogogogogogogogogogogo ithe ithe ithe ithe inkcuthe ingcuphe yohlobo [[FFoce][10]

Black Jack Kwimfundo Yamayeza

Mhlawumbi eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekungqinelaneni nobunzulu balo ngcelele kukusetyenziswa kwayo kwezifundo zamayeza. EJapan, izicatshulwa ezivela kuJack Black Mnyama] ezikoleni zezifundo zemfundo zamayeza kunye nezikolo zezonyango zisetyenziswa ukukhuthaza iingxubusho zobungcali, umguli, kunye nokucwangcisa inkathalo yenkathalo. Inkcazo yemanga ecacileyo, ingcamango engaqhelekanga kunye nomgangatho wabafundi kwimeko ekhoyo yemilinganiselo ye-i-i-i-Velceral. Abaphengululi baye bahlola indlela uludwe lwezicwangciso zemvume yolwazi, ukwabiwa, ukwabiwa kwemali, kunye nokwenza ubuchule bokwenza ingcelo lwezezonyango oluqhelekileyo phakathi kolu hlobo oluqhelekileyo. [FLDip: Fluecka]

Ukuphakamisa Ilizwe Lanamhlanje Nemida Emitsha Engokokukhanya

Emashumini eminyaka emva kwesiphelo sayo, uJack omnyama [uGawulayo] akafundeki njengexesha elithile kodwa njengentelekelelo emangalisayo yekamva lobugqirha. Inkulungwane yama-21 izise iCRISPR yokuhlela ijini, ubuchule bokwenziwa, ukuthengisa amanyala, kunye negabha elibulalayo lokufakelwa kwemida e-injini, i-intelligea ekha kancinci. Xa ibali lika-Clack Jack ukususela ngo-1975 lihlola ukuba isityebi esityebileyo sifanele siqalele ukuba ngabaguli abahlwempuzeli, ibonisa iingxoxo zale mihla ngokungalinganiyo. Xa inkqubo yobugcisa ifundisa amandla angaphaya, umntu ojonge ukuvela kwincoko engokwabantu nento ekhoyo. [[5]

Ukungaphelelwa Lixesha Kwemibuzo Yokuziphatha YaseTezuka

Into eyenza UJack Black ubuchule bokuchaza indlela yokuziphatha kukungavumi kwakhe ukushumayela. ITezuka ayiyi kuthi ingumlawuli wezonyango ogqibeleleyo; iBlack Jack isoloko izingcamla, ihamba imendo eziya kwisenzo sokulungileyo, ishiya umonakalo wendlela efihlakeleyo. Oku kubonakalisa inyani kubulumko bomfundi kunye nenyaniso enzima yendlela yonyango: kwanoogqirha abalungileyo benza iimpazamo, bajongene neziphumo ezinganqamleziyo, kwaye baphile ngeziphumo. Njengoko izizukulwana ezintsha zifumana ungceleleko oluqululo-" kwimiqulu, amanani, okanye amanani oonobumba bemifanekiso eshukumanyeneyo, okanye umyalezo ophakathi awusasebenzi: inzululwazi nje kodwa ibonakalisa inzululwazi echukunzima, kwaye izama ukuzama ukumelana nokwazi ukumelana nobomi, iziphumo zezinto ezithe .

Ilifa Eliphilayo Loncwadi Naxa Kungekho Lulo

Lifa le UJack Ngoku ugqithise kakhulu ngamaphepha e-manga. Iphembelele imiboniso yobugcisa bobubele, amaphulo olwazi ngezamayeza, kwanemali yokwenene ebonelela utyando kuluntu olungaphantsi kwenkonzo. I-Tezuka amandla obugcisa bokunyanzela ukuntsonkotha inkcazo yendlela yokuziphatha engokokuziphatha kwabangela ukuba izithethe ezithetha ngesithethe apho imixholo yezamayeza iphathwa khona ngezo zombini iinkcubeko kunye nemfesane enzulu. Kwisizukulwana semithetho yesandi nengxoxo edibeneyo, ukuphindaphindelela [[[FLT:]] uJack unika ithuba elinqabileyo lokuhlala kunye novelwano olukhulu. Owalayo ukuba aphile kuyo yonke inkqubo yokuzimisela nayiphi nayiphi nayiphi nayiphi nayiphi na indlela.