Malo ojambula zithunzi za ojambula zithunzi amadzala ndi mandandanda a nyumba zamphamvu zopangira magetsi zomwe zinakhalako magetsi opanga zinthu zomwe zinalongosola ubwana, nkhani zosimba za maso, ndiyeno zinatha kujambula. Nkhani zawo siziri kokha mbiri za kupambana kwa luso ndi luso la zopangapanga; iwo akufufuza mmene omvetsera amasinthira mofulumira, kugaŵira zithunzithunzi, ndi njira za kampani zingapange kapena kuswa gulu lachikhalidwe. Kupenda mbiri yakale kumeneku kumasonyeza kachidutswa kake kuchokera ku zojambula za m'mayambi kwa zaka za zana la 20 kufikira ku kusintha kwa CGI ndi ku nyengo kumene omvera ndi kugwirizana kwapadziko lonse akujambulanso mapu onse.

Nyengo Yabwino ya Kupima (1920s -1960)

Nyengo ya kumapeto kwa ma 1920 kupyola m'ma 1960 imatchuka kwambiri monga Golden Age(a pamene luso la zojambulajambula linasintha kuchoka pa zinthu zatsopano kupita ku zosangulutsa zambiri, ndi pamene mastudio adakhazikitsidwa omwe amakhala osatha zaka zana limodzi pambuyo pake. Nyengo ino inafotokozedwa ndi mpikisano wa zida zaukatswiri wa maluso, masitayelo a nyumba osiyanitsa, ndi mpikisano waukali wa kukweza mabokosi a ntchito.

Kuswa Mapazi ndi Maluŵa Awo

Papakati pa mphepo ya mkunthoyo panali Walt Dis Studio . Pambuyo pa mpambo wa phee wa Alice Comedies ndi Oswald the Lucky Rabit , Disney analongosolanso za kulira ndi “mkavalo wa Stram Willie, woyamba kuoneka mokhala ndi mawu. Nyumba ya Mayuziyero ya Walt Family Family inatchula kuti kuswa kwa luso kumeneku kunasintha Mikey kukhala kukondwa kwa usiku ndipo kunatsimikizira kuti kujambula kwa maluso kunganyamula nyimbo, kukambitsirana, ndi ziyambukiro za m'kamwa, m'chivomezi chimodzi. Anatsatira zimene zinatsatidwa ndi “makena, DTYY, ndi kuwonana, ndi kulephera kwachiŵinda kokongola, ndipo adayambitsa kufalikira kwa magetsi, ndipo adapereka kumbuyo kofanana ndi ku Spale, ndi kufalikira kwa magetsi, ku Synnown.

[[FLT: 0] Warner Bros . [FLT: 1] anatenga njira yosiyana kwambiri. M'ma 1930, Schlesinger Productions unit yake , yodziŵika pambuyo pake monga Tersite Terrace pansi pa luntha la madrectory Tex Avery, Chicckey, ndi Bob Clamplettlet , kuuma mutu wa munthu, kunyozeka kwake. Looney Tunes ndi MerrieMeriedies anapereka dziko Bunny, Day Diffuck, Porky Lival Fudd kugogomezera kumene Dis Disney yapadera-protagons, zilembo zimenezi zinali zopanduka, zaumwini, ndi za m'mizinda yamakono. [Flotten]

Masiku anonso pali njira ina yosaiŵalika yofanana ndi masiku ano. Maluso ameneŵa anayambitsa kuthamanga kwa chimo, Kkoko ndi kuvina kwa Betty Boop. Pamene anapeza ufulu wa Papaye mu 1933, anasintha kachitidwe ka mafilimu ka mafilimu kuti apeze kakhalidwe kofanana ndi kamoyo. Kachitidwe kameneka kanayambitsa kugwedezeka kwa Kkoko, Known , ndi kuvina kwa madzi a Betty Boop. Atapeza ufulu wa ku Papaye mu 1933, anasintha kakhalidwe kapamwamba ka ka ka kawo ka kapeti ka mpangidwe ka nyimbo ya pop - selue, kaŵirikaŵiri kusonkhezera malire a kugonana ndi kukhala ndi malo ogona. [FLT:] Kanthu kena kadziko kamodzi kamodzi kamodzi ka . [FLT.] Kanthu kamodzi kake kake kake kamodzi kake kamodzi kake kamodzi ka]

Ngakhale masutudi aakulu a magoli, monga ngati [[FLT:] MM (kwa William Hanna ndi Joseph Barrata, amene analenga Tom ndi Jerra), ndi UPA]., imene inaleka kujambula zinthu zachilengedwe ndi maluso okongola kwambiri ndi maluso otsatizana mu “Gerald McBoing" ndi “M. Magoo,” inathandizira ku msika wotumpha wosiyanasiyana. Kusiyana kumeneku kunayambitsidwa ndi chitsanzo chachidule chopindulitsa: zoseŵeretsa zisanachitike, kugaŵira mbali yaikulu ya ntchito ndi ndalama.

Mpikisano wa m’maholo ameneŵa unachititsa kuti anthu apite patsogolo kwambiri mwaluso kwambiri chibadwa cha nyimbo monga Technicolor, kuphatikiza magulu oyambirira a oimba, ndi kuchuluka kwa maatomu ochititsa chidwi kwambiri.

Makoswe m’Chiyambi: Kutha kwa Zipikiri Zamwambo

Pambuyo pa nkhondo, makampani opanga mafilimu amene anathandiza kwambiri anayamba kumenyana pamene ma 1950 anayambika m’ma 1960. Mafilimu, mafilimu, ndi mafilimu ojambula zithunzi za anthu otchuka kwambiri anasokonezeka mwamsanga chifukwa cha kupanikizika ndi zipangizo zatsopano zamakono, zachuma, ndiponso kusintha kwa chikhalidwe.

Wailesi Yakanema ndi Kubuka kwa Maseŵera a Mmaŵa Loŵeruka

Chiyambukiro chimodzi chosokoneza kwambiri chinali wailesi yakanema. Pamene mabanja anasamukira ku matauni ndi kukhala kunyumba kaamba ka zosangulutsa, chizoloŵezi cha mafilimu chinasintha. Zisonyezero zazifupi zinakhala ndalama zosafunikira kwa oonetsera, ndipo ndalama zimene zinapezedwapo kale kuchokera ku zithunzithunzi zojambulidwa zisanazimirizike. Studios adasintha mwa kukonzanso machepe akale a TV, koma potsirizira pake adapanga njira yatsopano yoyeneretsa ku kanema yaing'ono. Hanna-Barbera, yoyambitsidwa ndi amene kale MGMM, adaphunzira luso la [FLT: 0] mwa kujambulanso maluso [FL:] [FLD:1]. [a] Kachitidwe kothandiza kakedwe kake ka zinthu, kakhalidwe kochepetsa kakhalidwe, ndi kaluso ka zinthu zinanson'ka, kothandiza kwambiri kukambirana ndi kuyendetsa zinthu zina. “Ana, monga ngati a Frin, ndi“ Masero, ndi maere, Otchuka a , Otchuka kwambiri a , posatsatsalira m’kuptotopeto, ndi otchuka kwambiri.

Kusintha kwa Zachuma ndi Studio Clombures

Makampani anakhala ankhanza. Fleischer Studios, pambuyo pa kuchuluka kwa antchito ndi kusasamala ndalama, anatengedwa ndi Soyar mu 1942 ndi kutchedwanso Famous Stadios . Inapitiriza kutulutsa Papaye ndi Superman chidule, koma mphamvu ya kulenga inatsekedwa, ndipo chigawocho chinatsekedwa chakumapeto kwa 1960. Walt Disney. Warner Brots. anatseka chipinda chake cha mayeresito yake mu 1963, akutchula mtengo ndi kutsika kwa msika wachidule; chikangotsala nthaŵi yochepa chabe kuti chitsegule ntchito zina. Ngakhale Disney, beremot, anakhumudwa. Pambuyo pa imfa ya mu 1966, mafilimu apaderawo anataya mtsogoleri wake wa m'masomphenya. Mafilimu onga “Aricat ” ndi“ Hobin , adasunga njiruza yapamwamba yachikulu ndi yosaiwala yapamwamba kwambiri. Poyambirira, Kapolopeni, anapha chida chakuda chakuda chakuda chakuda chamwalansi, chida chakumwalansi, chida cha Bri, Chiswe, Chi

Kusintha Zilakolako ndi Mpikisano Watsopano

Audiences, nayenso, anali kukula. Ma 1960 ndi 1970 anaona mafunde oyamba a chiwiya cha Japani chotchedwa anome . "Gattler" ndi“ Pilot of the Planet" adayambitsa kachitidwe kotsatizana ndi malamulo a kalembedwe osiyana. Panthaŵiyi, mawu odziimira monga Ralph Bakshi anasuntha mafilimu akuluakulu ndi otchuka monga ngati “Fritz the Cat” ndi Roboscoped“ Ambuye wa Rings” (1978), kutsimikizira kuti mafanizo angayendetsedwe mocholoŵana, kaŵirikaŵiri kulakwa, mitu. Mafilimu aakulu, anatulutsa zojambula za openyerera achichepere, mwadzidzidzi anawoneka kuchokera ku kumbuyo. Kalelo kamodzi kaseŵero kaseŵero ka Halo kanagwa, ndipo kamodzi kawonekedwe ka Golden kake kanawoneka kukhala kosabwerera.

Kukonzanso Kwakukulu: Kusintha kwa Maluso Opima (1980s-2000)

Monga momwe chifaniziro cha kujambula ndi manja chinali kulembedwa, kuvomereza maluso, luso la zopangapanga, ndi nkhani zosimba za chikhumbo kunayambiranso modabwitsa. Kusintha kumeneku sikunangodzutsanso kuyerekezerako komanso kunawonjezera kwambiri kuthekera kwake.

Disney Renaissance (1989-19999)

Desney anabwerera ku Broadway-sitima ya nyimbo za nyimbo ndi nyimbo za Howard Ashman ndi Alan Menken , Disney adabwerera ku Broadway ndi nyimbo zaluso ndi woimba yemwe analondola maloto ake. Chipambano cha filimuyo chinayala maziko a magawo khumi a oswa nthaka: “Beauty ndi Backen” (1191) adakhala mbali yoyamba yotchuka ya Academy Award kaamba ka chithunzi chabwino koposa; “Alladin "199491 ndi“ Mfumu ya * inawononga bokosi la ofesi. [FLD:] Maiko. Chojambula ndi Luso lamphamvu kwambiri. Chomwe chimapanganso kugaŵikana kwa kugaŵa kugaŵa kwa Acardwirney, kuwonjezera mapulogalamu ake apamwamba kwambiri.

Kusintha kwa Zinthu ndi Kutchuka kwa CGI

Monga mmene Disney anabwezeretsera kutchuka kwa 2D, chipinda chaching'ono, cha kompyuta choyang'anitsitsa gombe chinali kukonzekera kuchipangitsa kukhala chachikale. Pixar Fimie Studios [[FLT 1:1], yobadwa kuchokera ku Lucasfilm ya kompyuta ndi kuyang'aniridwa ndi Steve Jons , inali kujambula zotsalira zokhala ndi mphamvu. Mu 1995, inatulutsa “Yoyamba filimu yapadera yopangidwa ndi kompyuta yojambula. filimuyo inali chochitika cha kugwedezeka. [FLT.] Pit: Pix'' adapanga mbiri ya mbiri ya mbiri yapamwamba ya moyo yapamwamba [FT.], koma yosasintha yachikulukulu, yachitsa kutchuka kwa njira yamakono, ndi kujambula kwake koyambirira, pamene kuli kopeka kwachiza.

Kuyamba kwa Nyumba Zopangira Usilikali

Disney Renaissance ndi Pixar, adadzutsa kuphulika kwakukulu. [FLT: 0] Act Acts Ogient , adayalidwa mu 1994 ndi Jeffrey Katzenberg, Steven Spienberg, ndi David Geffen, mwachindunji anatsutsa Pixar ndi Disney ndi kuchuluka kwa fungo lodabwitsa. [FLT: 3] Studia Studia , ndi msinkhu wake wa aizing'onoang'ono, (2001) anapambana bwino kwambiri kwakuti adapeza mphoto yoyamba ya Academy ya Implificies ndi kutulutsa franchise. Panthaŵiyi, [FLT.FOFOFUN , ndi wokhoza kupambana, HFYPUT. [N.NUFUPUP]

Ochita maseŵero a wailesi yakanema anabwerezanso kufunsa kuti: “Simpsons” (19989-Pagent) anakhala mipambo ya nthaŵi yaitali ya ku America yolembedwa, pamene Nickelelodion ndi Cartoon Network inayambitsa mbadwo wa mulengi ndi driven kulira konga “Rugrats,”“ SpongeBquartPant,” ndi “Dexter’s Laboratory . [1] Kukula kwa ma 1990 kunachititsa mipatukoso yonga ngati “Peokemon ” ndi “Draquel Zil , kuwonjezera kugaŵana misika ya Kumadzulo, koma kuikulitsanso.

Luso la zaumisiri Linasintha Industry (2000s\-Presente)

Ngati 1990 inali nyengo ya kutha kwa ulemerero, zaka chikwi zatsopano zakhala nyengo ya kusintha kofulumira, kwankhanza, kwa luso la zopangapanga ndi malonda. Zida, njira zoperekera masamu, ndi maluso a zachuma zasintha kwambiri kwakuti kumasulira kwenikweniko kwa “mafano” kukufalikira.

Kusintha kwa Zida Zogwiritsa Ntchito Makompyuta

Pulogalamu ya Software ikufuna kuchepetsa mbali za chikhalidwe cha 2D, Toon Boom Harmony, Teamer , ndi propritary Regademocrate kupanga maluso a maluso a maere osonyeza zinthu, kulola timagulu tating'ono kukwaniritsa zizindikiro za kuchuluka kwa . Komabe kukonza democracy kumeneku kunawonjezera kuchepa kwa mbali za chikhalidwe cha 2D. Disney inatseketsa mayeresi ojambula dzanja lake pambuyo pa kulinganiza kwa “Kunyumba kwa" (2004), ndipo pamene 2D wailesi yakanema inapitiriza, msika wa iwo wa mafilimu a kanema akunja. Makampaniwo anasamukira pafupifupi ku CGI, kunyamula, ndi kuwonjezereka, injini zenizeni zonga Uningle, zimene zimathandiza kupanga maluso osungidwa kale osungidwa pakati pa kuima maboli oima ndi kuima pa Fakitale, kuchokera ku filimu ya Bhuku (20) kuti ath jner-S , kuti ath projectrine , (2014): [1]

Nkhondo Zosefukira ndi Zomwe Zili Pansi pa Khonsati

Kusintha kwachiŵiri kwa kugwedezeka kunali kukwera kwa mapulatifomu othamanga. Monga momwe CNBC inasimbira, chitsanzo cha kulembetsa chasintha maluso kuchokera ku chipinda cha kanema choyamba kupita ku intecrate yaikulu ya malaibulale ndi mafilimu omwe amapangidwa mwachindunji kaamba ka anthu otchuka. Netflix, Amazon Prime, ndi Disney + zolembedwa m'zomwe zilipo, kuchokera ku maluso aakulu monga “chikondi, ndi Robos [1] ku ma frank ku ku kuwonjezera ma franchise mu “Star Wars" ndi gree. Kulenga kumeneku kunapatsa olenga ambiri a mbiri yaitali yosimba za mbiri yosiyana koma kudziŵikitsa: maprojekiti atsopano angachotsedwe kapena kuchotsedwanso ku pulogalamu yachikulu kwa anthu ena, ngakhale kulephera kuchotsa ntchito kwa anthu.

Mavuto a Kudalirana kwa Mayiko ndi Mavuto a Zachuma

Makampani amakono amatsekereza zinthu padziko lonse ndi osakhululukira. Pamene kuli kwakuti amatsekera ku malo ochitirako masewero ku South Korea, Philippines, ndi India amasunga ndalama zoyendetsera ntchito, amawonjezeranso nkhaŵa ponena za ntchito yolembedwa ndi kulinganiza zinthu. Corporate yachititsa kutsekedwa kwa pulogalamu yapamwamba: mu 2021, Disney atatseka Blue Sky Studios, wopanga “Nyengo ya“ [1] , ataipeza mu Fox Complete-joath , chikumbutso chowonekera bwino chakuti ngakhale makampani opindulitsa angatayidwe mu utumiki wa kampani yaikulu. Warney Broscove, pansi pa kuyang'aniranso, mopanda ulemu anachotsa “m'ana BBB filimu yotchuka, ndi yofanana ndi yotchuka kuchokera ku makampani a za m'mafakitale, Max Brook ndi kumbuyo kwa kumbuyo kwa kudalira kwa makampani opanga.

Tsogolo la Chipangizo Choyerekezera Azithunzi

Maholo amene akhalapobe ndi kupambana ndiwo amene adzasinthira ku kutulukira zinthu popanda kusiya mfundo za makhalidwe abwino zosimba nkhani za m’maonekedwe.

Kuchuluka kwa Mikhalidwe ndi Kuipa Kwake

Munthu angaone kale kuyendera kwa nyengo yotsatira. . . "kuyambira pakati pa ziŵiya zosinthasintha ndi zothandizira. "Zingayambitse kutsutsana kwakukulu. Pamene kuli kwakuti tekinoloji imeneyi ingathe kuchepetsa kwambiri maola a ntchito ndi kutsegula khomo la mawonekedwe a maso, iwo amawopsezanso kuchotsa malo ndi homogentistics ngati zasiyidwa popanda kuletsedwa. kutulutsa [[FLT:], kugwiritsira ntchito mainjini, kukhoza kuchititsa kujambula kwanthaŵi yeniyeni, monga momwe zimawonedwa ndi zivomezi zamphamvu za kudziko lapansi, monga “Mandaloria ndi kubwera kwa mikhalidwe yeniyeni yamphamvu. [FFFON:]

Kusunga Choloŵa Polandira Chilandiro

Mastudio otchuka monga Disney, Warner Bros. , ndi Sobhuza, vuto ndilo kulinganiza choloŵa ndi kufunidwa kwa IP yatsopano. Njira yaposachedwapa ya Disney ya kukonza zinthu zamoyo-zochita imakhalanso ndi zojambula zake zooneka ndi ntchito zoyambirira monga “Strange World” ndi“ Wish" . "Illustactive kupsinja pakati pa kutetezeka ndi kuyambika kwa zinthu. Zofananazo zimagwira ntchito pa kuchuluka kwa mbiri ya masewero: masukulu onga The Walt Disney Family Museum ndi Academy Archive imapanga ntchito kubwezeretsa ndi kutetezera masero oyambirira, mabluwa, ndi kuyambiriro kwa Techni colors, kuzindikira kuti maluso ameneŵa si chuma wamba koma ndi a zachikhalidwe.

Kukwera ndi kugwa kungafulumire. Ma holo atsopano adzaphulika, kuchitidwa ndi mavairasi afupi kapena kugwedezeka, ndipo monga momwe amapezedwa mwamsanga, kusanganizidwa, kapena kusungunuka. Komabe kulirako kumapitirizabe kufutukuka kumbali zonse , zaluso, ndi za malo ena. Ma holo a zithunzithunzi a mtsogolo angakhale ngati nyumba za njerwa ndi maŵa, koma madongosolo apadziko lonse a akatswiri ojambula zithunzi zogwirizana ndi maso ndi mipaipi yeniyeni. Chilichonse chimene atenga, ntchito yawo imakhalabe yosasintha: kupanga kayendedwe kamoyo, ndi kuchita tero, kutisonkhezera.