Intombazane egqibile imele ingenye yezinsika ezihlala njalo nezishintshashintsha kakhulu. Kusukela ekusungulweni kwayo ekupheleni kwawo-1960, izindaba zamantombazane avamile aguqukela ekubeni yinto engavamile ziye zakhanga izibukeli ngemiyalezo yethemba, ubungane, nokuzifihla. Emashumini eminyaka, lezi zindaba ziye zasuka ezinganekwaneni ezilula zezimiso zokuziphatha zaba ukuhlola okuyinkimbinkimbi ukuchaza, amandla, umhlatshelo, kanye nezindleko zezifiso. Lesi sihloko sibonisa ukuthi uhambo luwuphi, sihlola indlela i-tropepes (itransformations), amaqembu, amandla, nezimpi ezimelene nobumnyama shímbane nobumnyama − ziye zamukelwa futhi zancishwa kokubili ukuze zenze ezinye zezinkombano zemisebenzi ezisemkhathi.

Umqulu Womlotha: Abathakathi, Izifiso Namantombazane Amancane

Uchungechunge lwentombazane yokuqala yomlingo lwalucacile ngendlela ejabulisayo. Ngo-1966, i-Witch ivezwe njengeyokuqala egxile entombazaneni engumlingo. iPrinces Sally, intsha ethakatha ephuma eMagic Kingdom, ihlomela izwe lomuntu futhi isebenzise amandla ayo ukuze isize abangane bayo, ngokuvamile ifunde ngezifundo zomusa nomthwalo wemfanelo. Isiboniso sasungula manje izakhi ezimbalwa eziyimfihlo: uphawu oluyimfihlo, i-protheni, i-amfonsomza wemic, kanye nombango phakathi kobuntwana bobugqilidi obuvamile. Akuyikhomba ukukhomba ngamandla okufuna, [FLD:] u-AKNT [FLT] no-ALT]

Loluchungechunge lwakuqala lwanezelwa inani labesifazane abasebasha futhi bevame ukusetshenziswa ekwelapheni okulula: kuphakama inkinga, i-heroine isebenzisa umlingo ukuze ixazululwe, futhi isifundo siyafundwa. (ngokuvamile) abangane bamagic akhuluma amakati, amabhuleki, noma amademossss [“izikhonzi njengeziqondiso kanye nenkululeko yamahlaya, i-tropethi eyayingaqhubeka ikhona amashumi eminyaka. Izwe laligqamile, izigxobo zaziphansi, futhi isigijimi sasinethemba elicacile. I-genre kulendawo yachazwa yilokho isazi uKumiko Saito uSaito akubiza ngokuthi “isitho esiphithi esincane,” lapho amantombazane ayekhuthazwa ukuba ahlatshwe khona, asize, futhi akhulume ngokomzwelo. Noma kunjalo, lesi sisekelo sabekwa isisekelo sazo zonke izibukelo eziphansi.

Ukukhipha Umqulu Oluhlaza: Ngawo - 1980 Nango - 1990

Ngonyaka ka-1980, intombazane ephingile yaqala ukuvuleka. INkosazana yaseMagical Mings Momo (19982) yasungula i-ininee enenjongo yokubuyisela izwe lakubo, ihlanganisa ukuxubanisa umehluko we-athetics nezigxobo ezinamandla kakhulu. Ishumi leminyaka labona futhi ukunyuka komlingo wezithombe, kanye nochungechunge olunjengo [FLT] [Magic Emi, iMagic Star [[ exubanisa ushintsho nomculo nokwenza. Kwabe kuvela i-FLT, [FLD] u-FLD] , u-Saion [FLD] [FLD5], kunyakaza unyakazombili. U-192 1992, uchungechunge olubomvu [uquluqulu lwe-Malectivesssmarketmarket, ubumba lwezimessss, umediaced, u-oddiadia

Sailor Moon waveza i-pains ephakathi: umholi omanqikanqika, owengqondo, oqinile, nowesintu esingaqondakali. Yaphakamisa ukuguqulwa kwendlela eyisimanga, i-odoli ("manje] kwathatha injini efana ne-genre", futhi yasusa i-injini yokulandisa ekusizeni ukuvikela izwe. Impumelelo enkulu, kokubili eJapani, nasezweni lonke, isekela intombazane enomlingo njengebutho lembulunga yonke eliyikhombayo. Ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho, [FLT:]] Magic Hoyleyley [[[[FLLM:]]] [1993]) ekusizeni i-CMP [iantronyss] ehlangeneyolish, i-Appyss, i-Aichnoidssss, i-athoring njciediam, i-jourgne, i-in, i-rognogney.

Ngasekupheleni konyaka ka-1990 kwavela esinye isibonakaliso: Isikhulu sikaSakura . U-CLAMP uqobo lwaso oluhle kakhulu lokugwema izimpi, esikhundleni sokugxila enjabulweni ethambile yokuqoqa amakhadi omlingo kanye nobumnene bothando lobusha kuzo zonke izinhlobo zayo. [umsebenzi kaSakura Kinomoto] awukho ukuqeda isiphithiphithi kodwa ukuvala amaClow Caret abangela isiphithiphithiphithi, futhi ushintsho lwezehlakalo lwakhe luba ukubonakaliswa kwenjabulo kobuhlobo bakhe nomngane wakhe omkhulu, u-Moyo. Udwendwendwe oluvamile olukhangayo nolubuhle, lususa imindebe yalo ngaphandle kokuhlahla kwenhliziyo yayo. Ukushintsha kweminyaka eyinkulungwane, inqaba, igoli, igoli, futhi umuntu, wonke, futhi wonke umuntu, waqaphela ngokugcwele.

Inkathi Yokuvuselelwa: Lapho Izifiso Zifika Ngezindleko

Uma iSailor Moon yakha isontokazi, iPuella Maging Madoka Magica (201) yayifaka emlilweni futhi yabuza ukuthi yini esele emlotheni. UGen Urobuchi wathatha umbono omnyama obonakala ungenacala wokuveza intombazane efuna ukuthengiselana ngenye into efuna ukuba yintombazane ewumlingo futhi wayiguqula ibe yi-Faustian ephinte. Uchungechunge lwayidiliza yonke imiklamo eyayiza ukuba ithembeke. Umngane womlingo, uKyube, uKyobhiya, wembulwe ukuba ube umzwelo ongenacalayo owentsha owembulayo ukuze asebenzise amandla angokomzwelo ukuze aphume emkhathini ebhulonyeni. Ushintsho, luvame ukugujwalelwa njengenkathi yokushiya amantombazane amagugu emizimba amancane lapho ejaka enqoba amagebhuleki.

Ithonya likaMadoka alinakuchazwa ngokweqile. Kwabonisa ukuthi i-genre yakwazi ukusekela ukusinda okukhulu kwefilosofi .Ithemba, kanye nokuphelelwa ithemba − kuyilapho isagxilisa izibopho ezingokomzwelo phakathi kwabesifazane abasebasha. i-Homura Akeni, iphindelela isikhathi sokusindisa iMadoka yaba enye yezinganekwane ezidabukisa kakhulu. Uchungechunge lwaveza igagasi lalokho abagxeki abakubiza ngokuthi “intombazane eyisilomo ”? Nakuba abaningi abalandelayo beboleka nje ubuhlanya obungaphezulu ngaphandle kobuqotho. Noma kunjalo, uMadoka wavala incwadi entsha yokubhalisa iMadoka, lapho izindleko zomlingo ziyingozi khona, futhi kunezinhlonganiso zeqiniso ezigcina inqaba zilahlekile.

Ngaphambi kweMadoka, kwakulokhu kuduma kobunyoka ngaphambili. R evolution Girl Utena (1997) Wayengeyena intombazane egqibile elandelanayo ngomqondo ovamile .Utena akaguquki ngowend . kodwa u-Unita akashintshi nge-wind . kodwa u-intenal efundisa amakhosana nemisebenzi yobulili eqondene neyobulilini obuphelele. Imfuno ye-Utena Tenu ifuna ukuba isikhulu esisindisa uRodys ngokuvamile ehlangene ne-gen, kuyilapho umqondisi u-Kuniko-Ihara isholo sholo sholo sholoza yonke isikole esifuna ukuhlolwa okuqotho. Ngendlela efanayo, [FTLDT] [FT] [FT] [2002] u-FF] ucingo olusetshenziswayonke, kanti umfuziselo we-spremictive, uyokwazi ukuvanyanisa i-skelele, i-oglensime yento efuna ukuvayodwa, futhi a

Imidlalo Yokusinda Nesibhakabhaka Esimnyama

I-Prof-Madoka, i-2010 yabona uchungechunge oluthi lukhuphule izingozi. IMagical Girl Raising Project (206) (2016) yaguqula igendre ibe i-roname: umdlalo ohambayo unquma ukuthi iziphi izikhali zawo ezingokoqobo eziyosuswa, eziholela ekuxazululeni okunonya nokufa. Okuboniswayo kuncike enanini elishaqisayo lokubulala abalingiswa, kodwa futhi kwasusa futhi kwahlukanisa izingcindezi zesimiso sokuziphatha, [1] imithetho ewukungathakazeli yomdlalo wamahhosholo , ibonakalisa isimo esiqinile semiphakathi yezindawo ezithile. [FLD] Yukina ingu-HelPro] [F3] [2014]

Lemidwebo yokusinda yagcizelela ukuthi intombazane yomlingo, eyake yaba umthombo wamandla emibukiso njengeSailor Moon, ingaba impoqo yokukhaphela nokuzidela. Basusa inetha lokuphepha, bashiya imibuzo engacacile: Kwenzekani uma umsebenzi ungekho semthethweni? Lapho abaluleki beyizono? Nakuba lezi zihloko zingezona zonke eziwuchungechunge eziwubuciko beveza iMadoka, basusa izigijimi zezilaleli. Intombazane eyisimangaliso yayingasathembisithembisi ukuphela okujabulisayo, futhi bona kanye umbono womnikelo wamapulathi waba yisivumelwano sesatshwa sesatshwa.

Ukuphinde Uthole Injabulo: Ukuchazwa Kwanamuhla Nezincazelo Ezihlanganisayo

Ngokuhambisana nokuthambekela kobumnyameni, abadali abaningi bafuna ukuchaza kabusha injabulo eyisisekelo yohlobo lwe-genre ngaphandle kokuqagela. Ibhuki elincane i-Witch Academia (2017) (2017) ibuyele kubuhle besikole bemisebenzi yangaphambili kodwa bayihluze ngomthakathi, u-Atsuko Kagari, ongenalobolobolo oluwumlingo olungaphuphanga njengesithombe sakhe somthakathi. Izihloko ezithi zilwela umsebenzi onzima, impumelelo, nomqondo wokuthi umlingo uyisimangaliso kunesixhobo. Ukulwa kwawo akulwiwa nezigebengu ezimelene nezenzo zenhlangano kodwa eziphazamisa imicabango. U-Ako uzizwa ukuzimisela okunenzuzo kunenzuzo engcono, futhi nobungane nobungane nobungane.

Tylaper Flapps (206) isebenzisa indlela yokuhlola imizwelo, ithumela ama-heroinein ayo amabili ukuba abe yizilinganiso ezihlukile lapho eguqula khona izikhali eziwumlingo. Isiboniso yi-kaleidoscopic ukuhlola kobusha, uphawu, nokwesaba nokujabula ngokuwela othandweni. Isebenzisa i-piglone ewumlingo njengesifaniso se-sprected, enzima ye-oplyfiber, ne-icet, nensinggggn, nensile, nentomba elulayo. , [[FLDachic] Mazoko [FLT] [3:] idla imidlalo yemibuthano ye-Digen ethambileyo, futhi encibilikayo, futhi encibilikayo, futhi encibilisayo, phakathi kwempini yayo elungile.

Leligagasi lamuva nje lihlanganisa ukubuya futhi kwezindaba zentombazane zomlingo eziqondiswe kubantu abadala. [FLT: 0] IMagia Record: Puella Magika Maca Magica Side Story ukwandisa umkhathi weMadoka namantombazane amasha nozungu oluyinkimbinkimbi, kuyilapho uMagivo [Inguquko Yemilingo] (Inguquko Yezimocarndiances Princes neGennius Young Ladys) iboleka i-yuriake inamandla okulandisa indaba yamakhosana alahla kokubili ukuthembela komlozi, esikhundleni sokusungula imilingo, esikhundleni sokusungula imilingo. Igean yemicre ihlangana, ihlangana, futhi ishintsha i-gedy, futhi iguquke, lapho iveza i-dioddial.

Ithonya Elihlala Njalo Lamasiko Nephupho Lembulunga Yonke

Intombazane yomlingo iye yaphunyuka kudala yabalekela isikrini ukuze ithonye ifashoni, ukuthengiselana, kanye nokusungula. “ukulandelana kwe-transformation” kuye kwaba yindawo yonke, i-parodius futhi yanikeza inhlonipho emisebenzini evela [ Indawo Engazungezwayo [ Kuyi-Ceasters of Star Guardians [[[[FLT:]]] idlale imiphakathi emhlabeni wonke ngokucotha amabhu, iminsa, nezinsigidi eziphambili zezinhlamvu [[FLT] ezivela kumandla omzimba ongokomzwelo, aphansi kakhulu, angaphandle kakhulu. [indlela engokohlobo oluncane yokukhanya] [FLT] [FT] [FT] [5] [FF] [FF] [5] [illFout] [Foke] [Foke] [ev] [easessss Reaket , enziwe ngokusaziwayoyomlingo womlingo omlingo o

Iqembu le-Sailmor Moon, elinemizwa ehlukene kanye nekhophi eliye lathola ukucwaninga okungathi sína. Izazi ze-Media ziye zahlola indlela uchungechunge lwentombazane olusebenza ngayo njengemidanti yobusha babesifazane, ukulawula izidumbu zamantombazane, kanye nobunzima phakathi komsebenzi nesifiso. Iqembu le-Sailor Moon, nezindlela zalo ezihlukene kanye ne-queer compter, kuye kwahlolwa njengesibonelo sokuqala se-pardal feminism emithombo yezindaba yabesifazane. IMadoka Maca Magica Magica’s critique yentombazane yomlingo ithembisa ukuthi i-criques of reliblaldal-me, lapho abantu ngabanye belindeleke ukuba bahlupheke ngenxa yesimiso esibalahlayo. Le zingxoxo zinyakaza ngokuphazimasayo ezindaweni ezifana ne-tein Purbl, lapho abaholish, befunda ngokufunda kakhulu, nohlelo lwezombangazwe.

Ithonya lezwe lonke alinaphutha. Uchungechunge olunemilingo lwaseNtshonalanga olunjengoluthi Star vs. Amandla Ezinto Ezimbi kanye [FLT] ne She-Ra nePrincesses of Power [ baboleka obala ushintsho lwezemilingo lushaya ngamandla kanye neqembu, ngokuvamile bevuma isikweletu sabo ekuhlobeni izikhali nasebusweni komusa. Ikhono lentombazane yomlingo lokudweba ithole ivumile njengelunguza eliguqulayo labahlazi bezindaba emhlabeni wonke, ivumela ukulandisa okuvukela kanye nangobuqotho.

Ukunquma Ikusasa: Ngemva Kokuwohloka

Intombazane enomlingo iyaphi isuka lapha? Ishumi leminyaka elidlule liye labuswa ukuqedwa, kuze kube seqophelweni lapho abalandeli abathile beveza khona ukukhathala ngokuguquguquka okungapheli. Kukhona isifiso esikhulayo sochungechunge oluvuma ubunzima ngaphandle kokuvumela ukunqotshwa kwe-nihilism . Okhokho banikeza ithemba eliqinile kodwa eliyiqiniso. Ukuvuselelwa [kungu 2024] kwe Precipe [[ [Ikhambiza elivamile] liyaqhubeka liveza isenzo senhliziyo emhlophe sezilalelini ezisencane, lifakazela ukuthi amakhambi aphambili asachuma. Ngalesosikhathi, futhi azimele. Imisebenzi yemicimbi enziswayo ne-webhreave isebenzisa i-sculder, i-miggnigleactal.

Mhlawumbe okujabulisa kakhulu ukuvelela kwemisebenzi egxile kwabesifazane abadala abanomlingo. Ojamajo Doremi ifilimu engu-2020 yefilimu, ukubheka amaMagical Doremi[[[FLT]], kwaletha ukufinyela kokuqala kwabesifazane abasesilinganisweni somlingo, kucabangela indlela umlingo wobuntwana obasekela ngayo ngemizabalazo yabadala. Lento ehlanganayo-mension" lapho igcina khona inkumbulo yobumsulwa okumelwe ihambisane nezindawo ezinomzwelo. Umlingo umfana, njalo, uye wakhula. Isizukulwane esilandelayo singase sihlole ukuthi ikuphi ukuqhuma kwempi, noma ukulahlekelwa okukhulu, noma ukulahlekelwa yiphupho, iphupho.

Njengoba i-genre iqhubeka iguquka, ingaphakathi layo lihlala liqinile ngokuphawulekayo: umqondo wokuthi ngisho nomuntu ovamile angaba isitsha sokuthile okukhanyisayo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi lo mlingo usindisa indawo yonke noma umane usiza umngane ukuba amomotheke, intombazane egcinwna ifana nesiqinisekiso samandla ozwela. I-tropes ingavuleka ngaphakathi, kodwa inhliziyo ye-genre-bra, ethambile, futhi ethambileyo, futhi engumuntu ongalawuleki (ukumomotheka) izoqhubeka ihlobisa izibukeli zamashumi eminyaka ezayo.

Kulabo abanesithakazelo ekuhloleni i-genre, kunemithombo eminingi ebanzi. [[FLT: 0] I-Anime News encyclopedia ye-nethiwekhi ye- ibala amashumi eminyaka emisebenzi yemilingo yentombazane enomongo. IMNAMEele List yentombazanyana egqibile ikhasi[ inikeza i-seshoptabase, i-oservective ye-octive yezibalo zenkathi yohlelo kuzo zonke izizukulwane. Imibhalo enjenge-“Shomedic Areactive Media: 'Girl''' eCContemporary” (ehlelwe nguJ. Oshishi, PregraveMackemillam]) inikeza ukuhlaziya okuhluphayo. [unyakatho we-u-Atne]