Table of Contents

Emashumini ambalwa eminyaka amafushane, i-aimfefe farzine iye yahamba isuka emakhoneni akhanyisiwe amagumbi ezokuxhumana aseyunivesithi futhi i-topleg VHS ihweba ngokugqamile, i-algorith-divern idla i-Tik Tok ne-YouTube. Abantu abake baqondisa umphakathi − ukudweba i-antellig colleg contact dintens, ukushintshana, futhi ukuguqula isimiso sokwaziswa sokwaziswa kwakuqala kuthathelwe indawo, noma ngezinye izikhathi kushintshwe, yizithonsi yeze zigidi zabalandeli. Lokhu kusuka kumholi weOtaku kushintshela ithonya lanamuhla lezihloko; akukona nje ukushintsha indlela abathandisiyo, i-ICMCM, nokuchitha imali. Ukuqonda lokhu kudinga ukubukeka kwemindebe yobufundisi, i-mist, i-mimend, i-manyom.

Ukuzalwa Kobuholi Be - Otaku Ezweni Eliyi - Preternet

Kudala ngaphambi kokuba i-amime ibe isigaba sokuzijabulisa esiqashelwa emhlabeni wonke, amaqoqo amancane abalandeli abazinikele akha imiphakathi elula kodwa eqinile. Igama elithi “otaku” ngokwalo, ngokuvamile elisetshenziswa kabi njengegama elijwayelekile lanoma yimuphi umkhuhlane, ekuqaleni lalinencazelo enzima kakhulu eJapane, liveza ukuziphatha okungalawuleki okwabangela ukuhoxa kwezenhlalo. ENtshona, abatholi bamaJapani abaqalayo abathatha izithonsi zobuciko kuma 1970 nakuma-1980 ngokuvamile bahlangana ngokomuntu, bahlanganyela amakhasethi emishini ezokudlala ayesebenza njenge-samisadat kunezokusakaza ezohwebo. Lezizimo zotshana zotshani zazenzisakhelwa umphakathi wokuqala. [edivido abanegunya labo abavela ekujuleni kolwazini lwabo, ukuqoqwa kwabo okungavamile, nokuhlela kwabo amakhasethi.

Amaphupho, Izindawo Zokuhlangana Nezithunywa Zevangeli Zokuqala

Abaholi bomphakathi wokuqala i-amine babengamakheli. Baveza ama-photocopide farzine agcwaliswe nge-pregion synops, ubuciko bokudweba, futhi babhalwa ngokucabangela abahleli ngochungechunge abambalwa abalubonile. Lezi zincwadi, ezithunyelwe emazwekazini, zasebenza njengesethulo nokuhlaziya. Ngalemizamo yokushicilela, isizukulwane sonke sasingahlela indlela yokuchaza ngayo umboniso noma [[FLT:] [FLT] [Mobale I-antile [ice [ice] [[[FLT]] Impactidamus [.]. Ngokunye nale, ukuphakama kwemithetho enyathelisiwe, imikla ezindaweni zasekoli zasemakoli, ukuhlela ubusuku lapho umholi ekhona khona kuvela khona ngobubanzi baseJapane.[3]

Isimiso Sebhodi Ne - Unet Ye - Bulletin

Ngokufika kocingo lwe-Internet, ama-fandom afudukela e-BBS board nase-Unet amaqembu anjenge-.arts.Alence. Lapha, ukuhola kwaqala ukuthatha umbhalo owengeziwe, incazelo esekelwe kwi-international. Izilinganiso nezithombe ezivamile kule midlalo zaba iziqondisi zomphakathi zaba iziqondisi zomphakathi. Lokhu kuhlanganisa imingcele, kuguqulelwe izinhlelo ezingathathiwe yazizinto ezibhaliwe, futhi kubekwe izimpikiswano ezishisayo eziphathelene nokuqhubekela phambili noma izwi. Umlawuli we-um esabelweni esifana ne-Webhp Punke wayengazenza noma aphule izimpawu ezibanzi emhlabeni wesithobo. Lokhu kuhlanganisa izikhala kwaqala ukuqeda imingcele yezindawo, kodwa umholi wakwazi ukukhokhwawa futhi wathola ngokulingana. Inzuzo futhi umbiko we-am.

Ukushesha Kwezinombolo: Indlela I - platforms Eyavuselela Ngayo I - animine Fandom

Ukusuka ekuhlaseleni ucingo kuya ebhandeni kwakungaphezu nje kokunyuswa kobuchwepheshe; kwasungula izinhlobo ezintsha kakhulu zokubusa komphakathi. Ukugudluza, amafayela-harn, nama-algorith community kwaqala ukunquma ukuthi ubani ozwiweyo. Ngokungazelele, isiteshi esinesikhathi esiphezulu MYANIMEList ikwazi ukuthuthukisa ukuthandwa kwenkathi yonyaka, kanti isiphathi somklami esingaphansi kwe-adredit e /pane/FLT] sasebenzisa amandla esango amaningi kunanoma umhleli womhlangano wake wawenza.

I - MyAnimine List Nokuvela Kokunambitheka Kwemininingwane

Iqalwe ngo-2006. IMyAnimeList (MAL) yayingesona nje ithuluzi lokulandela i-computer; kwakuyinhlangano ephakamisa ababukeli abagcwele kanye nabenzi bohlu babaholi bomphakathi. Umsebenzisi onezinkulungwane zochungechunge oluqediwe nezwi elibukekayo angaqondisa izinkulungwane zezibukeli entweni efihliwe yenkathi ethile. Iplatfomu yasungula uhlobo lwethonya le-stat-driven, lapho i-expoints noma “uhlu olune-lite active" lusebenza njengophawu lomuntu siqu. I-screntifine engasayikuveza igunya lokuhlola ithonya ku-ioperation, kodwa yashintsha kakhulu ukuthi ubani owayekhuluma emphakathini. I-Otakuku ecabangelayo manje yayingakhishwa ngokubukezwa futhi iqondwe kakhulu.

Ukubomvu, Ukulinganisela, Nokugcina Amasango Kushintsha

Abaqondisi bezinto ezisebenza ngokusemthethweni baba yisigaba esisha somholi womphakathi, olawula inkulumo ngokumisa imithetho, izihloko, nokunqabela abasebenzisi bobuthi. Njengoba amalungu angaphezu kwezigidi ezintathu e-r/ane kuphela, lamaqembu anezikhundla anezikhundla ezifanelekile. Angaqokomisa inqola entsha, iphoqelela imithetho yokukhomba, nokuqasha imishini yokugada inkathi ethile ehlela umsindo wengxoxo. Ngokungafani nabahleli abadala abanobuthi abanobuthi, ithonya labo lalibonakala ngesikhathi sangempela . . .Njengoba ukutusa okuphakanyiswayo kungaveza ukubonakala kwezinye iziteshi. Ukuphakama kwesimiso sobuholi beReddit kwamandla okuphumelela, ukuhlanganisa okujabulisa abantu abaningi ngokushesha, isimo samuva saba nethonya elikhulu.

Ukusuka E - Otaku Kuya Empeni: I - Platform Transform transform

Uma ithonya ledemokrase ne-RAL liyi-Reddit ne-MAL, YouTube, Istagram, futhi ikakhulukazi i-Tik Tok yayenza yaba yiyo. “ithonya lesilwane” alizange limane nje lixoxe nge-ayime", azenze i-fandom njengesibonakaliso esibonakalayo, esinemizwa. I-otaku ka-1990 iholwa ulwazi olungavamile; umthonye wama-20 uholwa ngokwenza ingxenye yendlela yokuphila. Lenguquko ayenzeka ngesikhashana, futhi iveza imiphumela ehlala njalo yokuthembeka, ukuxhasa, nokugcina amasango omphakathi.

Wena Tube Nenkathi YomAnime Ungumthakathi

U-Tube wabangela ukuba umbhali wemidlalo yevidiyo aphinde ahlolwe kanye nokuzijabulisa. Iziteshi ezifana ne- iBasement kaMama , Gigguk[, futhi [[FLT:] [[FLT]] [[FLT]] [4] SP] Speatch [[[FLT]] Yakha izilaleli ezinkulu ngokukhipha izakhiwo zezebengo, iqhathanisa izimpawu zokuthwebula, futhi ifake amahlaya emazwi emvelweni. Laba abadali baba yizibalo ezisobala abathi izituso ezikwazi ukuthonya izinombolo. Indima yabo yokuhlela isikrini sendawo yendawo; yayingasakhanyiselwa i-framfamza yeminyango yezizwe zonke. I-Sponctrolln noma umgedmist (injini ephumayo) egcwele phakathi kwe-Crom) futhi baqala ukukhokhela umsizi.

ITikTok, Ubuhle Obufushane, Nokushintsha Ukwenziwa Kwezinzwa

Nakuba ividiyo ebhalwe ngendlela ebanzi yavuza ukucwaninga nokuhlela, isivinini sokuhlela okusheshayo kwe-Tik ka-Tik sivuyise ubuntu nokuvuselelwa. Ithonya le-aimae ku-Tik Tok lingadala isigqi esingu-30 sesosibili sokuhlela i-monowlcountain ehlela umsindo owethusayo, ibangela izigidi zemibono ngochungechunge olungaziwa kakhulu. Isivinini sobuholi obunjalo bebhejane obenziwenziwe bakudala bazizwa bephumile futhi besahlupha. Ngokungazekile, osemusha one-makhalekhu angenza ukuba kube negama elingaphezulu kwe-mfomethi ye-mfolm kuneqembu lomhlangano. I-Sholimforyths ishosho ukuthi umuntu wokuqala obukayo usabela ngobuqotho kuye ngokucushwa okuvamile. Lokhu kuveza imibuzo eveza imibuzoni uma kuvela nanoma ubani okwazi ukuveza ithonya??

Ukuphoqelela Imali, Ukusebenzisa Imikhumbi, Nenkinga Yokuthembeka

Ithonya ezomnotho laletha i-famide exubanisweni enkulu yokuthengisa. Amakomiti empumelelo eJapane aqala ukukhomba abagqugquzeli baseNtshonalanga emikhankasweni yokuthuthukisa, kuyilapho amapulatifomu anjenge i-Crunchyroll[ ne Famidation [manje] [ukuhlanganisa]) izinhlelo zenxusa ezakhiwe. Lokhu kwangabelwa kuyinkemba ebekwe kabili. Kwesinye isandla, izinhlangano ezixhasayo zivumela abadali ukuba bakhiqinise ukuhlaziya okulinganayo ngesikhathi esigcweleyo, ukunikeza ingxoxo yezomdabuko. Ngesinye isandla, umphakathi usola ukuthi ukubukeza okukhangayo kwe-mediocre ithenwa kunokuba kuthelwe.

Inkinga Yezimfihlo

Izindikimba ezilawulayo njenge-FTC ziphikelela ekuvulweni okucacile kokuxhasa, kodwa kunzima ukubhekana nombono wobuqiniso. Abalandeli abaningi balandela abathonyeli ngoba bebonakala bezimele. Uma iholo lomdali lixhomeke ekuxhumaneni nezinkonzo ezihambisanayo, zonke izinto ezingcono zingangatshazwa. Lokhu kuphikisa: abaholi abavamile abakha idumela elidala babheka umfanekiso omusha njengothengwa ngaphandle, kuyilapho abathonyela ukuthi ukukhokha umsebenzi wabo kulungile futhi kuyasekelwa.

Ukuhlukaniswa Kohlelo Lokusebenzisa Imali Oluyifashoni

Abaxhasi abadayisi nje i-ayime; bathengisa ukuthengiselana, amalungu ezindlela, kanye nokuqukethwe yi-Patreon-octal. Lokhu kusho ukusekela kwemali kwe-fendom okwake kwaqondiswa kakhulu kakhulu emihlanganweni emikhulu, ama DVD, kanye nokukhishwa kwezikhulu zezentengiselwano manje kusakazwa kubantu ngabanye. I-anter ingase ichithe imali eningi ephaketheni le-pakethe yethonya elilinganiselwe le-injini kunaseBlu-rech. Nakuba lokhu kwenza abakhi abaningi bashiye umsebenzi wezenkolo, futhi idiliza elingokomnotho elalisekela imithombo yezentengiselwano ngaphambili. uNiche geres othembele kubathengiza abathelisi abazinikele manje njengoba ukusetshenziswa kwemali okugunyazayo kuthonya mina.

Indima Yemihlangano Yesigodi Nemibuthano YamaPersen

Imihlangano ye-Anime ibilokhu iyikhaya elingokoqobo lobuholi bomphakathi. Kusukela esikhathini se-otaku, umhleli womhlangano oxhunyiwe kakhulu wayeyinombolo ehlonishwayo, ngokuvamile ehlola abahleli bezindawo futhi ehlela ukubonakala kwezimenywa. Namuhla, lelositeji lomhlangano lihlanganyelwa − futhi ngezinye izikhathi lilawulwa amabhodi ezindawo zokuqondisa. Umdubuli nabalandeli abangu - 500 000 udweba umugqa olingana nombhalo we-athoding adumile. Imihlangano efana I-Anime EXP[ manje] uhlelo lomdali wemikhondo okhuthele, umema i-Youbers and TikToker njengezivakashi ezingokomthetho. Lokhu kuveza ithonya elithandwayo kodwa elibonakala futhi elimelelayo. Ngezinye izikhathi abathandi bezincuphi benkathi yokuzimela, lapho ngishaya izinhlu zenkathi ezifikiswe yizime.

I - pivot Ye - Post - Pandemic Engokoqobo

Lapho i-COVOID-19 ivala izenzakalo ezingokomzimba, izithombo zavala izikhala. Izindawo zokubuka imidlalo, imifula yokusiza abasweleyo, kanye nemihlangano efana nayo yaba yizindlela eziyinhloko abathandi ababukwayo ngokwendawo. I-Platforms enjengo-Twitch yabona i-ultkick enkulu emifuleni echazayo, nabaholi benikeza izilaleli ezizimele. Ukushintsha kwemishini kwandisa ukusheshisa kwabahleli bendawo ngokunyakaza, abaningi babo abase benzile imiphakathi ye-inombolo yokuqala. Njengoba ibuyela, iprojekthi ye-projected iyaqhubeka, abatholi bengena phansi komhlangano, benezela indima yabo njengebhulohosi eliyinhloko phakathi kwamafelosi nesenzakalo ngokwaso.

Izinhlangano ZaseNiche Nethala Elide Lobuholi Be - Otaku

Ngaphansi kokuvelela okunethonya, umholi wesiko uhlala emiphakathini emincane, egxile nesithakazelo. Ama-compum anikezelwe ukuze athole amanoveli abonakalayo, i-retro aime, noma abaqondisi abathile basathembele kubaphathi abanolwazi abangafuni udumo. Lezi zindawo zivame ukubheka abathonyela ngokusola, zikhetha ukutusa okunde kokusebenza ngokunenzuzo. Ukuba khona kwalezi zingxenye kufakazela ukuthi isibonelo se-otaku umholi asizange sinyamalale; kumane nje kufakwe ezindaweni lapho ukudluliswa kwethonya kunakho.

Indima Yodinal Njengomenzi Wanamuhla

Abasebenzisi be-soundorrd baye baba i-eye-mscrom ye-network yama-farzine, kanye nabanikazi besiphakeli abasebenza njengabagcini besango nabaholi bezingxoxo. I-Discord ehamba phambili emphakathini we-genere enjenge-mecha noma shoujo ingakha izibopho ezisondelene kakhulu ezithi amaqenjana athinta i-pecter angavamile ukulingisa. Lapha, ukuhola kuphathelene nokulunga, izinga lengxoxo, kanye nosizo olufana ngokuphawulekayo nelo-‘mathickings ay'at kanye ne-19901 BBS mester. Ithuluzi lisha, kodwa i-DNADNA eholo enkulu, isikisela ukuthi ukuhola komphakathi kuvumelana nobuchwepheshe kunokuba kuxotshwe yiyo.

Ukuhwebelana Kwembulunga Yonke Kwethonya Lentuthwane

Enye yezinguquko eziphawuleka kakhulu ukushintsha kwezindawo abaholi bomphakathi. Abaholi bokuqala i-otaku babeyiNyakatho Melika naseJapane; namuhla, isichotho esinethonya esivela e-Latin America, e-Southeast Asia, eMpuma Ephakathi, nase-Europe. Umsunguli weTikTok eBrazil angaqala ukuthambekela kwembulunga yonke kochungechunge olukhanyisiwe izincwadi zaseNtshonalanga ezinganakwa. Anime athonya eNdiya nasePhilippines manje alawula amanani ababukwayo aphikisana nontanga yabo eUnited States, asunduza imboni yamaJapan ukuba iqaphele ukuthengiswa kwayo ngaphambili. Le Nhlangano yembulunga yonke ingaqala “inganekwane yobumsulwa base-Japani”, yenza izingxoxo ze-evermoney zangempela.

Ulimi, Ukusetshenziswa Kwendawo, Nezwi Lomenzi Wangaphakathi

Njengoba iqoqo labaholi lihlanganisa imbulunga yonke, abathonyela abantu abakhuluma izilimi ezimbili bazuza uhlobo olukhethekile lwegunya. Labo abangahumusha izimemezelo ze-simucast, bachaza izincazelo ezingokwesiko, futhi banikeze umongo onembile baba amabhuloho ayigugu. Lomholi wama 1980 okwazi ukufunda amanothi emikhumbi yaseJapane, kodwa manje inguqulo iyenzeka ngesikhathi sangempela futhi ifinyelele izigidi. Amaphephandaba avuza kuqala eJapane Tutter, abese ehlupha ngokucosha amarekhodi abhalwe ngemibili ehlukene ngaphambi kokufinyelela izingosi ezinkulu zezindaba ezifana no-[FLTY:0] Anime News Network Network [. Kule. Kule , isivinini kanye nokufinyelela izakhiwo zobungako.

Impilo Yengqondo, Ukutubeka, Nohlangothi Olubi Lokuhola Ngaso Sonke Isikhathi

Umholi omdala we-otaku anganyamalala izinyanga eziningi phakathi kwezindaba zomphakathi ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukuma komphakathi. Amathonya anamuhla, aboshwe yizimfuno ze-algorithric kanye nokulindela okungapheli, abhekene nesimiso sokujezisa ngokwengeziwe. Ukusha komzimba kuye kwaba isihloko esivulekile, abadali besuka kumapulatifomu ukuze bavikele impilo yabo yengqondo. Ukucindezela kokulondoloza ukubambisana, ukuphishekela amaprotheni, nokukhuthazelela ukuhlukunyezwa kwemiqondo emisha, nokukhuthazelela ukuhlukunyezwa okubangelwa yi-althricism. Umphakathi ovame ukuvezwa njengenduduzo, ukuzuza kwabaholi kuye kwaba yinkinga esemthethweni, ukukhuthaza imizamo ekhuthaza, izimemezelo zezindaba, kanye nezingxoxo eziqotho mayelana nokuzisekela.

Indlela Umfundi Nopapa Abayibheka Ngayo Le mfundiso Yokuziphendukela Kwemvelo

Amakomiti okukhiqiza aseJapane agcina iNtshonalanga i-fandom isesilinganisweni sengalo, kodwa ithonya lezomnotho liye lashintsha amasu awo. Namuhla, ahlola imbulunga yonke iTikTok izinqubo ze-Tik kanye no-YouTube alytics ukuze ahlole isiqu sokwamukelwa kwezwe lonke. Abamemezeli abakhulu njenga Shueisha [ukuthiwa] i-Ngilandi yelimi] iye yasungula izinyathelo zokusungula i-isiNgisi ezithinta ngokuqondile abathonyela, ukunikeza ukufinyelela kwezihloko ze-manga ukuze kukhululwe imithombo yezindaba ethembekile. Nakuba lokhu kungase kubonakale sengathi kuyinguquko eqondile yokuthengisa, kuphakamisa imibuzo yokuthi amathonya angahlala engakhethi yini uma ethola ukwelashwa okuthandwayo. Umholi we-kuta ka-19909, kungenzeka ukuthi ithonya lenhlangano lishaye lalahlwa yize inkantolo manje.

Ikusasa Labaholi Bomphakathi Abane - Animial

Njengoba umphakathi we-amime uqhubeka wandisa----(driven ngokuqopha amafilimu aqoshiwe afana Demon Slayer: Mugen Syrt nobubanzi bembulunga yonke bokungena kobuholi kuzakuqhubeka kukhula. Amagumbi angempela okugada, ukutusa okungalawuleki okungako, namapulatifomu ahloniphekile anganika izinhlobo ezintsha zegunya. Kodwa umbango oyinhloko uyolokhu kuqhubekela: ukuxabana phakathi kokuthembana nokwezentengiselwano, futhi phakathi kokufinyelela okujiyileyo nokufinyelela kwe-algolitic.

Izindlela Zokukhuluma Nezokulingisa Izinzwa

Abanye babaholi abathembisa kakhulu namuhla yilabo abahlanganisa ukufinyelela kwethonya nobubanzi be-otaku. Baveza okunefomethi emfushane okuhlwitha abalandeli abasha, kuyilapho besebenzisa nabaphathi be-Dalord noma amapheshana asuthisa izilaleli eziqinile. Lesisifanekiso esixubile siyavuma ukuthi izingxenye ezihlukahlukene ze-fandom zidinga izinhlobo zesiqondiso ezihlukene. Ikusasa lingase lingabe yisinqumo esibili phakathi kwe-otaku nethonya kodwa libe yindawo lapho abaholi bangaqinisa khona phakathi kokubonakala nokusondelana, ukuhlanganisa i-monetha kanye nokwazisa.

Ukubuya Komguli

Enkathini egcwele ukukhululwa kwezinkathi ezithile zonyaka, uhlobo oludala kakhulu lobuholi , lubuye lwenze ibuya. Izinkonzo ezinjenge Anilist nokhetho oluzimele lwezinjini zizama ukuhlanganisa i-algorithm, kodwa abalandeli basathambekele ezwini lomuntu elithenjwayo. I-Patreon-fusion ehlotshisiwe kanye nokutusa kohlobo lwe-podcast kubonakalisa ukwanelisa izilaleli ezikhungathekiswe yinjongo yokuqala ye-witzine: ukulunguza umsindo nokukhanyisa. Lokhu kusikisela ukuthi ithonya akulona ithonya lobuholi bomphakathi, kodwa elinye isigaba esiwumjikelezo othatha isikhathi eside.

Kusukela kuma-photocopied zines kuya ku-Tik Tok stiches, abaholi bomphakathi we-ayinimu bebelokhu bengabahumushi be-fandom", bechaza indalo yaseJapane yezilaleli zendawo kanye nokuluka okuhlanganyelwayo. Amathuluzi ashintsha, kodwa indlala yesiqondiso esithenjwayo ayizange. Okuye kwashintsha ijubane, isikali, kanye nokugujwa kwezentengiselwano. Abaholi abangcono, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ipulatifomu, bahlala bekhumbula ukuthi basekela izilaleli zokuqala futhi batusa abaqondisi. Njengoba amanani ethola ukuhlakanipha, ukuba yiqiniso komuntu kuba nzima kokubili ukulondolozwa futhi kubaluleke kakhulu kunanini ngaphambili.