Ukuthenga indlu yokuqala kuphawula enye yezenzakalo ezibaluleke kakhulu ezingokwezimali ekuphileni komuntu. Nakuba lenqubo ingazizwa ikhungathekisa, iqonda imishini yezimali engemva kwayo − ngokwengxenye inhlawulo yehlawulo(-* ingenza umehluko phakathi kokudideka nokuzethemba. Abathengi bamakhaya bokuqala, imfuno encishisiwe ngokuvamile iyisithiyo sokuqala esikhulu. Lendlela inciphisa ukulinganisela kwemali ekhokhwayo, isilinganiso esidingekayo phakathi kwezinhlelo ezihlukahlukene zemali yokukhokha, izici ezithonya lamanani, nezindlela eziwusizo zokulawula yonke inqubo.

Kuyini Ngempela Ukubhapathizwa Ngezimali Eziphansi?

Imali ephansi iwukukhokha oya nakho etafuleni lokuvala, ukhokhela ngokuqondile imali yokuthenga ekhaya. Ngokuvamile kuboniswa njengengxenye yenani lemali egcwele ukuthengiswa. Ngokwesibonelo, uma ikhaya lithengiswa ngoR3 000 000 futhi ubeka 5%, uyokhokha u-R250 000. U-R250 000 osele ukhokhelwa ngemali yokubopha imali.

Lesisigxobo sokulinganisela singaphezu nje kokukhokha izindleko. Ababoleli babheka izindleko zakho njengesilinganiso sesibopho namandla emali. Uma unikela kakhulu ngezimali zakho, umbolekisi ufaka imali encane. Okunye, ukukhokha okukhulu kungavula inzalo engcono, unciphise ukukhokha imali yanyanga zonke, futhi unciphise izindleko ezengeziwe zomshuwalense.

Okwenza Ukubhatalelwa Kwemali Kube Yindaba Yohambo Lwakho Lwasekhaya

Ukukhokha imali ephansi kufeza izinjongo eziningi ezidlulela ngalé kokufanelekela ukuboleka imali. Nazi izinzuzo eziyinhloko:

  • Isikhathi osiqedayo, imali yakho ehlayo iba yindawo esekhaya. Uma ubeka i 10% phansi, usuke unayo i 10% yempahla ngosuku lokuqala, okungaba umcamelo wemali kamuva uma ufuna ukuboleka noma ukuthengisa.
  • Isilinganiso semali ebolekwayo: Imali ebhaliswayo ephezulu inciphisa ngokuqondile uthisha- nhloko wakho, iphumela ekukhokheni imali encane kakhulu yenyanga zonke. Ngaphezu kweminyaka engu-30, ngisho nokulinganisa okuncane kancane kungasindisa amashumi ezinkulungwane ngenzalo.
  • Imali ebolekiswayo engcono:[ Izikhathi eziningi ikhokha imali encitshisiwe ngenzalo ephansi ngoba isilinganiso semali ebolekwayo yenani (LTV) singcono kakhulu. Izimpawu zesilinganiso esiphansi zeLTV zinciphisa ingozi.
  • Akukho mushuwalense wesikweletu wasese: Uma ungafinyelela umnyango owehliswayo ongamashumi amabili% emalini ebolekwayo evamile, umshuwalense (PMI) wokweleta izimali womuntu siqu awudingwanga. Lokho kukodwa kungalondoloza u-R120 ku-R120 000 ngenyanga ngamali ngayinye ebolekiwe, imali esetshenziswayo ekwakheni i-ective noma eminye imigomo.
  • inikeza: Ezimakethe zokuncintisana, umthengi okhokhela imali enkulu kakhulu uvame ukubonakala ethembeke kakhulu kubathengisi, okungaphumelela ekuqhubeni impi.

Izimfuneko Eziphansi Ezibhajwa Ngohlobo Lokuphakelwa

Imali edingekayo ixhomeke cishe ohlotsheni lwesibambiso okhetha ukuyisebenzisa. Nakhu ukuhlola okuningi ngezinhlelo ezivamile zemali ebolekwayo ezikhona kubathengi besikhathi sokuqala.

Ukuphambana Kwezimpahla Zomhlangano

Izikweleti zenkokhelo zomhlangano azikhokhwa uhulumeni futhi zithengiswa ababolekisi bomuntu siqu abalandela iziqondiso ezibekwe nguFannie Mae noFreddie Mac. Kubathengi bokuqala, inkokhelo enciphile ingaba phansi njenge3% ngaphansi kweFannie Home Seary® ne-Freddie Mac Home Transwate program. Imali eboletwayo esemthethweni ivame ukubiza okungenani 5% phansi.

Nokho, ukubeka imali engaphansi kwe-20% ebolekiwe esemthethweni kubangela imfuneko yomshuwalense wesikweletu. Imali ekhokhelwayo ye - PMS isekelwe emalini yemali yokuthenga ngesikweletu, ekunciphiseni imali ekhokhweni, nakwezinye izici. Ingacishwa uma i-LTV ifinyelela ku-80% ngokukhokha nangokubonga, kodwa lokhu kuthatha isikhathi.

I - FHA LOAns

Iqiniswe yi-Federal Howards Administration, i-FHA ithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabathengi bamakhaya bokuqala ngoba badinga imali encane kakhulu kwababoleki abaneminyaka engu-5580 noma ngaphezulu. Uma isamba semali yokuthenga ngesikweleti iphakathi kwengu-500 no-59, ihlawulo lweshumi lemali phansi liyadingeka. Imininingwane yemali eboletwayo ingatholakala kuwebhusayithi ye-HUD[.

Imali ebolekwayo yeFHA ihlanganisa kokubili imali yomshuwalense wesikweletu esingaphambili (UFMIP) kanye nemali yomshuwalense (MIP), evame ukushiyelwa ukuphila kwemali ebolekwayo uma ufaka imali engaphansi kwe 10%. Lemali kufanele ilinganiswe ngokusizana nemfuneko ephansi.

I - VA Loans

Kubantu abafanelekayo abangomakad ’ ebona, amalungu enkonzo asebenzayo, kanye nomngane womshado othile osasele, imali ebolekwayo ye VA inikeza enye yezindlela ezikhanga kakhulu: i-ero decure iyimfuneko. Umnyango wezindaba zeVeterans uqinisekisa ingxenye yemali ebolekwayo, ukususa isidingo somshuwalense wesikweletu sendlu. Ababoleki basakhokha imali ebhangiswayo ye VA, kodwa ingabhaliswa emalini eboletwayo. Ikhasi lokuboletwa kwemali eboletwayo yendlu yemali yokwaziswa okwengeziwe [.

USDA Loans

I-U.S. Department of Agriculture iqinisekisa ukuboleka imali ebolekwayo ngezindlu ezisemaphandleni asemaphandleni nasemaphethelweni asemthethweni eSingle Houses Iqinisekisiwe iLoan Program. Kulabo abafanelekelayo ngokusekelwe eholweni nasendaweni, akukho kukhokhelwa okudingekile. Imali ebolekwayo ekhokhwayo ayidingi imali ekhokhwa ngaphambili nenkongozelo yaminyaka yonke, kodwa zombili ziphansi kakhulu kunemishuwalensela yefa yemali. Imininingwane eminingi ikhona kuwebhusayithi ye-USDA.

Isifundazwe Nohlelo Lwendawo

Ngaphandle kokukhetha kukahulumeni, izifunda, izikhungo eziningi, namadolobha kunikezwa izinhlelo ezikhethekile ezinciphisa noma ezisusa izimfuneko zokukhokha kubathengi besikhathi sokuqala. Lokhu kuvame ukuvela ngemali, imali ebolekiwe, noma imali ebolekwayo egciniwe. Izinhlelo ziyahlukahluka ngokwendawo futhi zingaba nemali elinganiselwe, intengo yemali, noma idinga izifundo zemfundo zasekhaya. Ukuhlola inkampani yezezimali zendawo kuyisinyathelo sokuqala esihlakaniphile.

Izici Ezingathonya Isilinganiso Semali Oyikhokhelwe

Ngisho naphakathi kohlelo oluthile lokuboleka imali, izinhlobonhlobo eziningi zomuntu siqu nezihlobene nempahla zingathinta ukukhokha imali encane okuyodingeka.

  • IRHUWA Itshena eliphezulu livumela ukukhokha imali encane ekhokhwayo ejwayelekile ne-FHA. Imali engaphansi kuka-580 ingasunduza izimfuneko phezulu kakhulu noma yenza kube nzima ukuvuma.
  • Isilinganiso se-debt-to-finiting se-(DTI): Ababolekisi basebenzisa i-DTI ukuze bahlole ikhono lakho lokulawula ukukhokha kwanyanga zonke. I-DTI ephansi ingabuyisela inkokhelo encane ngokubonisa ukulawulwa kwemali ngamandla.
  • Uhlobo lwe-property:[ ama-condominium, izakhiwo eziningi, namakhaya akhiweyo angathwala isilinganiso esihlukile. Ngokwesibonelo, imali ebolekwayo ebhaliswayo entweni eyiyunithi 2 ivame ukubiza okungenani 15% phansi.
  • Imali ye- i-Loan:[ izindawo ezibiza imali ephezulu zingasunduza izilinganiso zokuboleka imali ngaphezu kwemingcele, ibhebhethekisa izimfuneko zokuboleka imali ebolekwayo ezivame ukuqala ngo-10% kuya ku-20% noma ngaphezulu.
  • Imali ekhokhelwayo iphansi kakhulu kuneyamakhaya amasha noma izakhiwo zokutshala imali.

Ukugqashula Enganekwaneni Yokubhatalwa Engaphansi Engamaphesenti Angu - 20

Abathengi abaningi abaqalayo ukuthenga bakholelwa ukuthi ukukhokha imali engaphansi kwekhulu lama-20% kuyisibopho. Ngokwe-National Association of Realtors, ngokwe-media ihlawulo labathengi bokuqala yayingu-8% ngo-2023, futhi abaningi banciphisa u-0 /6%. Imali kahulumeni ebhaliswe imali kanye nezinhlelo ezivamile ezikhokhelwa phansi zenza ukuba umnini-khaya afinyeleleke ngaphandle kwemali eningi.

Nakuba ama-20% eqeda iPMS futhi enikeza izindleko eziphansi zanyanga zonke, iminyaka yokulinda leyomali enkulu ingabiza amathuba lapho amanani emali yasekhaya kanye nenzalo enyuka. Ukuthenga ngenkokhelo encane ephansi nenkokhelo kamuva kungaba yinqubo esebenzayo. Isihluthulelo siwukusebenzisa izinombolo, kuhlanganise nezindleko zePMI, futhi uqhathanise ingqikithi yezindleko zanyanga zonke nesikhathi eside ngokumelene nemali onayo.

Indlela Yokulondoloza Imali Ebhakelelwa Phansi Ekhaya Lokuqala

Ukukhokha ngisho nenkokhelo encane kudinga isiyalo, kodwa amasu amaningana angasheshisa intuthuko.

Zibekele Umgomo Oqondile Nesikhathi

Qala ngokuhlola amanani asekhaya endaweni oyifunayo. Sebenzisa isilinganiso esingokoqobo semali oyikhokhile, njenge-3,5% emalini ebolekwayo yeFHA noma 5% yemali ebolekwayo evamile. Uma uqeda ukusebenza uhlehle: uma udinga uR2,000 ezinyangeni ezingu-24, kumelwe ubeke eceleni u-R1,50 njalo ngenyanga. Umgomo ocacile, olinganayo wenza ukuba kugcinwe imali egcwele.

Yenza uhlelo lokubhalisa oluphansi

Bhala zonke izindleko okungenani inyanga eyodwa. Gwema izinto njengezibalulekile noma ezilawulayo. Nciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwezingabalulekile futhi uguqule lezo mali zibe yi-akhawunti egciniwe enikezelwe. Ukuthutha ngemva kosuku lokukhokha kuvimbela ukulingwa futhi kwakhe ukuvumelana.

Hlola Izinhlelo Zosizo Ezibhakwayo

Izinhlangano eziningi zikhokha imali ebolekiswayo nenenzuzo ephansi kakhulu ngokukhethekile ukuze zikhokhele izindleko. Izinhlelo ezinjenge-Chenoa Fund (FA), iNational Homeshers Fund, nezinhlelo zezindawo zombuso zendawo zokuhlala zingahlanganisa ingxenye noma yonke izindleko. Ukukhokha ngokuvamile kuxhomeke emalini oyitholayo, endaweni, noma emsebenzini. Sebenzisa i-HUD emakhaya ebiza izinhlelo ikhasi [ ukuthola imithombo yezwe lakho.

Cabangela Izimali Zezipho

Izinhlelo eziningi zokuboleka imali zivumela ukukhokha izipho ezivela kumalungu omkhaya, uma kulandelwa imithetho ethile. Ababolekisi bayocela incwadi eqinisekisa ukuthi abakhokhi abakhokhi abakhokhi.

Ukuqapha Ama - akhawunti Omhlalaphansi

Amacebo avumela ukuboleka imali noma ukuhoxa kobunzima ukuze kuthengwe indawo yokuhlala ephambili. Nakuba lokhu kunganikeza izimali ngokushesha, kufaka engozini imali egciniwe yomhlalaphansi nesijeziso esingase sivele. Imali ebolekwayo engu-401 kumelwe ikhokhelwe, futhi uma uhlukene nomqashi, isilinganiso singaba sesifanele. Hlola ithonya lesikhathi eside ngaphambi kokusebenzisa imali yomhlalaphansi.

Umshuwalense Wangasese: Okudingeka Wazi

Uma umthengi efaka ipesenti elingaphansi kwelama-20 emalini ebolekwayo ejwayelekile, kudingeka i-PMI. Imali engakhokhwa nyanga zonke, njengenkokhelo eyodwa engaphambili, noma ehlukene. I-PMI ivikela umbolekisi, hhayi wena, uma kungenjalo, uma kungalungile. Nokho, ivumela abathengi ukuba bathenge indlu emali encane. Izindleko zihlukahluka ngokusekelwe emalini yokuthenga ngesikweletu, ekukhokheni imali, nakuhlobo lokubolekisa; inani elivamile laminyaka yonke kusukela ku 0.5% kuya ku-1.5% yemali eboletwa yimali yokuqala eboletwayo.

Emalini ebolekwayo yefa, umshuwalense wesikweleti ubophekile kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ingakanani imali ekhokhwayo. Izinga laminyaka yonke lemali ebolekiwe elingaphansi kwesihlanu% elingaphansi kwegama leminyaka engu-30 livame ukuba 0,5% yemali ebolekwayo ngonyaka. Ngokukhokha imali engaphansi kwe 10% noma ngaphezulu, i-MIP ingahoxiswa ngemva kweminyaka engu-11. Ukukhokha lezizindleko ngaphambi kwesikhathi kukusiza ukuba ukhethe phakathi kwezinketho zokukhokha imali ozibolekile ezincintisanayo.

Ukukhetha Imali Efanele Yokukhokha Isimo Sakho

Ukukhetha ukuthi kungakanani okumelwe ukubeke phansi akukona nje ukuhlangabezana nokwehlisa kwemali. Kuhilela ukulinganisela izidingo zemali edingekayo ngokushesha nempilo yemali isikhathi eside. Zibuze lemibuzo:

  • Nginemali engakanani ngaphandle kokuchitha imali elondolozwayo?
  • Imali yami yezindlu yanyanga zonke iyoba yini ehlukile ngaphansi kwezimo ezihlukene zokukhokha, kuhlanganise nePMI nezintela?
  • Uma kuthatha isikhashana, i - PMS ingase ingancishi, ngakho ukukhokha imali eningi kungase kungazuzisi kakhulu.
  • Injani imakethe yendawo? Endaweni yokupha ngokushesha, ukuthenga ngokushesha ngemali ephansi kungadlula izindleko zomshuwalense ezengeziwe.

Ukusebenzisa lezinombolo ngomshini wokubala isibambiso semali noma isikhulu esibolekisa imali kungaveza indlela efanelana kangcono. Ngezinye izikhathi ukubeka 10% phansi nokusebenzisa imali esele esikhwameni sezimali esiphuthumayo noma ekulungiseni izinto ezincane kungcono kunokunweba u - 20%.

Amaphutha Avamile Abathengi Bekhaya Besikhathi Sokuqala Benziwa Ngokubhapathizwa Ngezimali

Ngisho nabathengi abalungiselelwe kahle bangakhubeka. Gwema lamaphutha avamile:

  • Izindleko zokuvala ezingaqondiyo: Imali ephansi iyingxenye yemali edingekayo. Izindleko zokuvala ngokuvamile zihamba 2% kuya ku 5% wenani lokuthenga futhi kumelwe zikhokhwe etafuleni lesabelo ngaphandle kokuba zibolekwe emalini ebolekwayo noma zimbolekwa yizivumelwano zokuthengisela.
  • Ukubeka konke okugciniwe: Ukuba “abampofu” ngokufaka wonke amadollar emali ehhholweni akushiyi umcamelo wokulungisa, izintela zempahla, noma izenzakalo zokuphila ezingalindelekile.
  • Ukukhokha ababolekisi besitolo:[ Ababoleki abahlukene banganikeza izimfuneko ezihlukene zokukhokha, amazinga ePMS, nenkokhelo. Ukuthola izingcaphuno ezivela kubaboleki okungenani abathathu kungaphumela ekulondolozeni imali enkulu.
  • Usizo lokukhokha lungolwezelo kuphela: Izinhlelo zokukhokha zinesilinganiso semali etholakalayo esiningi ngokwaneleyo kubasebenzeli abasesilinganisweni. Uma ulubheka lushiya imali yamahhala etafuleni.
  • [[NT.0] Ukuhlela umkhosi wangaphambi kobuntwana: Uhlamvu oludluliselwe phambili lucacisa ukukhokha okudingayo nemali oyibolekisayo ongayithenga. Ukuthatha lesinyathelo kungaholela ekudumazekeni lapho uhlola amakhaya.

Izwe Nemithombo Yengcebo Yendawo Okufanele Uyihlole

Cishe wonke amazwe anikeza usizo oluthile lokuthenga ekhaya. Ngokwesibonelo, i-Fource Finance Agency yase California (CALHFA) inikeza imali ebhaliswayo encane ukuze ikhokhelwe. I-Texas Department of House and Community Affairs inikeza izinhlelo ezifanayo. Amapulaneti amaningi namadolobha asendaweni futhi azenzela ezawo. Ukufuna ngokushesha “[umbuso wakho] uhlelo lokuqala lokuthenga ekhaya” kanye nokuhambela [ i-National Council of State House Affacessworces [icity ekhasini]

Imicabango Yokugcina

Ukuqonda izimfuneko ezincishisiwe zokukhokha kunikeza ukukhanya endleleni eya ekhaya okungenzeka isondele kakhulu kunalokho ocabanga. Kusukela ekujuleni kwe-0 VA nase-USDA imali ebolekwayo ku 3% yokukhetha okuvamile kanye nezindawo zokweleta i-FHA, isambazo sokuqala, abathengi abaqalayo, ukukhetha kakhulu kunakuqala. Ukukhokha kuvumelana nemali oyibekile, imali obekelwe yona, nemigomo emide yesikhathi eside. Ngokuhlola izinhlelo zosizo ezisenganekwaneni ezingama-20%, ngokuhlola amanani ngaphandle kwe-kanye, futhi ugweme izingi ezivamile, ungangena ekhaya ngokuqiniseka, uhlome ngolwazi nangecebo elisebenzayo.