Ukuziphendukela Okungokomlando Kwemikhosi Ye - Animine

Imikhosi ye-Anime ilandela umsuka wayo ekuhlanganeni okunesandi esishubile kwabantwana abathatha izintambo zotshani e-Osaka yakuqala eJapane. Ngasekupheleni kwawo-1970, ukuhlobisa ama-albhabhu amancane namasondo afuthayo kwaqala ukuhlela ukuhlangana ngokwethukela lapho abashisekeli behlanganisa amakhasethi e-VHS ayivelakancane, i-doujunshi, nobuciko bokuqala. Lemibuthano yokuqala eyaqashelwayo, iDaicon III, eyaba khona ngo-19881 eO, yaphawula indawo yokushintsha. Yahlelwa ngeqembu labafundi baseyunivesithi kamuva elalizokwakha i-diodiogax, lesiciko semifanekiso ebanzi ebanzi eyaba isungulwe kakhulu. Lemibuthano yakuqala yaba yizinto ezicayo ezakhanya kakhulu ekwakhelwa umphakathini, imiboniso yezithombe, nezingxoxo zezindawo eziphambili ngaphambi kokuba kusungulwe “uquomcode”.

Ngasekupheleni konyaka ka-1980 nasekuqaleni kwawo-1990, iJapane yabona ukudlondlobala kwezenzakalo zobuchwepheshe ezinjengeComiket (iMakethe ye-Comic), leyo, nakuba yayigxile kakhulu edoujinshi, yaba yindawo yokuthulula imishini ye-ade-adjacent. Ngokuphandle, iSimultay nesisekelo sezwe lonke saqala ukuvusa. Amaqembu amancane asendaweni eUnited States, iYurophu, ne-Southeast Asia aqala ukuphatha ibhulosha amahholo amancane aseyunivesithi. Izenzakalo ezifana neProjectal A-Kon eTexas (1990) ne-Anim Ex eCalifornia (1990) zavela kulezi zimpande eziphansi, ngokuvamile ezazishukunyiswa yisidingo semithombo yezindaba ephumayo eyayingatholakali ndawo. Le mihlangano yayiyindabhhayi, kodwa yaqala izikhulu zikahulumeni, kodwa yasungula amahholishini: amahholo, amahholi, amahholo, amahholo, i-odmist, i-se-seqedmist, i

Ngo-1990 kwabhekwa ukukhula okungokobuningi njengochungechunge oluyingqophamlando uNeon Genesis Evangelion, Inyanga yeSailor, kanye i-Dragon Ball Z yadala igagagasi elikhulu lesiphambano-mfa. Imikhosi yomhlaba wonke yaqala ukwenza, ukuqamba amagumbi ebhodlela nezindawo zemihlangano. Ekuqaleni kwama 2000, izenzakalo ezifana ne-MCMCCM Comec, i-Conmotic Con, ne-Animole eLos Angeles yayidweba izinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezindawo, ukuhlanganisa isisekelo se-ovavadminingi namuhla.

Umkhosi Wanamuhla Onethonya Elibi

Umkhosi wanamuhla owehlayo uyindawo ehleleke kahle yokuhlangenwe nakho okudlulela ngalé kwamagumbi okuhlola adlule. Nakuba isikali singahluka kusukela kwizenzakalo ezisendaweni ephezulu kuya kwizibuko zembulunga yonke njenge I-Anime Expo[, izinsika zesimiso eziyinhloko zihlala zingaguquguquki ngokuphawulekayo. Ukuqonda ukuthi le ngxenye yembula ukuthi lemikhosi ihlangene kangakanani nempucuko ethandwayo kanye nemishini yezokuzijabulisa.

AmaHholo Ombukiso Negumbi Lomthengisi

Isikhungo sezentengiselwano sanoma yimuphi umkhosi ihholo lombukiso. Lapha, abadayisi abakhulu abanjengoCrunchyroll, u-Aniplex, noBandai Namco bakha izakhiwo zedokodo ezinemivubukulo eziphindwe kabili eziveza amapulatifomu. Izibalo ezilinganiselweyo, ibhulaji le-Blu-ray zihlela, futhi ukudayiswa kwangaphambi kokuthunyelwa, ukwenza umzila owenzelwe ngqo ukuthatha izigidi zemali. Ngaphandle kwezindawo ezinkulu zenkampani zihlala amakhulu emishini ezimeleyo ne-Doujin, ziveza izinkondlo, izintelezi, nezinsukwana ezizi. Lokhu kuxube kwezentengiselwano zezentengiselwano notshani.

Ukuhlolwa Nezikhulu Zomhlaba

Sekuyiminyaka eminingi imikhosi isebenza njengendawo ebucayi yokubuka imidlalo yomhlaba. Ngokuncipha kwamafasitela okusakaza angokwesiko nokukhuphuka kwembulunga yonke, izikhungo zokuhlola manje zisebenzisa izenzakalo ezifana ne-Anime Japan eTokyo noma iCrunchyroll Expoll ukubeka phambili ezigijimeni zokuqala ezithunjiwe, ezishisekayo. Lezi ziteshi zivame ukuhambisana ne Q& izikhawu zemishini nabaqondisi, abadlali bezwi, nabakhiqizi, zinikeza i-adio enqubweni yokukhiqizwa. I-aamo esheshayo eyahlangana phakathi nale yenzeka ingathonya ngisho nezinqubo yokusakaza noma izinqumo, iguqulela umkhosi ukuba ube indawo yokuhlola ephilayo.

Izikhungo Zomsebenzi Nemizila Yemfundo

Ingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yemikhosi yanamuhla iyindlela yokufundisa. Imishini efundisayo evela kumagumbi okuhlola njenge-Studio Trigger noma i-Sayensi SARU iqhuba amaklaye emibala yamanani, izifanekiso ze-freyimu, nokudweba. Imishini yezwi, ngokuvamile eholwa omakad ’ ebona bemboni, ivumela ikhono elishukumisayo lokufunda ubuciko nobuciko. Lezinhlelo ezibanzi, zisusa ukhiqino oluqinile, zichaze indlela i-manga eba yi-aime, indlela umklamo onengqondo oklama ngayo, nendlela amaqembu okulungisa imizwelo asebenzisa ngayo imibhalo engoko engokokodwa. Lezinhlelo zivumela ukuba igebe phakathi komthengi nomdali, zishukumisele isizukulwane esisha ukuba siphishe umsebenzi wokudlala.

I - nexus Edala: Ukuqonda Kwezemboni Nenethiwekhi

Ngaphansi komkhakha wemidlalo ekhangiswayo nokuhlolwa kusemsebenzini obaluleke kakhulu womkhosi kochwepheshe: umhlangano wezebhizinisi. Izenzakalo ezinkulu zimema izimboni kuphela lapho abakhiqizi, izimo ze-impeans, kanye nabaqondisi bepulatifomu bexoxa ngemisebenzi yokuveza izinto ezizohlela izakhiwo ezizohlela iminyaka emibili ezalandelayo yokutholakala kwe-anime. Ukuhlangana kwemboni ye-Anime Expolact kungaholela ekuvumeni okuhlangene phakathi kwesakhiwo sesakhiwo sesakhiwo se-Japanescoudia nenkonzo yokusakaza yaseMelika. Kubadali abazimele abakhi bethengikazi, ama-portfolio nama-palsults ahlola ngezikhathi ezilandelayo abahleli abavela [[FLT:][FLD] Kaka] noma i-Shueiah bangaqala imisebenzi yemisebenzi.

Izindawo ezinezintambo ezibonisa abaqondisi abangomakadebona njengoMamoru Hosoda noma Makoto Shinnai zidonsa izinkulungwane njalo, kodwa i-programu encane, engenisa indalo. Ama-profession obuchwepheshe axoxa ngentuthuko ye-3D CG univation, kuyilapho ama-scriptable achaza i-astemplate nge-alumime kanye nokusetshenziswa okulungile kwamathuluzi e-Al esizukulwaneni sezobuciko. Abahleli bemikhosi badweba abanikezelwe ngokuqhubekayo kwezezentengiselwano zezentengiselwano ezimboni, banikeza iziteshi zezinhlelo zentela zezemishini yezemishini yezemishini, futhi bafaka umthetho wempahla ekhokhwazwayo emingceleni. Lokhu kuguqula umkhosi we-injini ephakathi kwemidathameli ye-injini ye-injini ephumayo.

Ukubuyiselwa Kwezinto Ezisembukisweni: Ubuchwepheshe Nesici Esiphakathi

Imikhosi ye-anime iye yaba izikhungo zobuchwepheshe ezisebenzayo eziveza ukukhiqizwa kabusha. Iqiniso elingokoqobo kanye nokufakwa kwangempela okunezelwe manje kugcina indawo ehlala njalo ekubonisweni. Ezikhathini zamuva, abalandeli bangangena ezweni elakhiwe kabusha kakhulu i-Sword Art Online ngokusebenzisa i-VR eweadet engangeni ntambo noma ukusebenzelana nezithombe ezingokoqobo ezinyakazayo. Lokhu okuhlangenwe nakho kokuhlola okuthi izakhiwo zixhunyaniswe ngokuqondile emsebenzini wokukhiqiza, kusukela ekunikezeleni izinjini ezingokoqobo njenge-Uniengine-s"5" izizinda ze-injini zomsindo ukuze zithungathwe amafilimu ama-injini e-imentername.

Ama-od axoxa ngethonya lokuhlakanipha kokwenziwa embonini lidonsa amagumbi agcwele. Nakuba ukukhathazeka ngokususwa kwemisebenzi kungokoqobo, imiboniso eminingi igxila emamathuluzini asizayo: i-II-driven phakathi kokukhulula izibani ezisemuva ukuze zisebenzise imisebenzi eyengeziwe yokudala, noma amasampula omshini abuye abuye avuselele futhi athole ama-sel avelele e-4K afakwayo. Uhlelo lomkhosi luvumela ukucacisa, ukubhekana nobuso phakathi kwamathuluzi, izinhloko zeqembu, nabameleli benyunyana, ukuthuthukisa ingxoxo evame kakhulu emagunjini ezisebenzi.

Ukuxoxa ngezindaba ezixhunyiwe nezixhunyiwe kuthatha indawo ephakathi. Imikhosi ephethe imidlalo ethatha indima esekelwe kuchungechunge oluthandwayo, imidlalo eshintshanayo engokoqobo eqala kuyi-intanethi futhi iphele lapho i-manga iqala khona futhi iphele lapho i-manga isizana lapho izilaleli zikhetha khona ukusonta okuyikhomba ngemidwebo. Lokhu kuhlola kusunduza imingcele yalokho i-aima frank ekwaziyo, kudlulela ngalé kokuhlola ithelevishini kuya ezindabeni ezihlukene ezifingqiweni ezifihlwayo phakathi komdali nomthengi.

Umphumela Wezinguquko Zezomnotho Nezomdabu

Iphethe umkhosi omkhulu we-ayinimie ungafaka amashumi ezigidi zamaRandi emkhakheni wezentengiselwano wendawo. I-Anime EVELAYO eLos Angeles, ngokwesibonelo, idonsa inani elingaphezu kuka 100 000 abakhona abakhethekile futhi yenza ithonya elilinganiselwayo lezezomnotho elingaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-R350 zedolobha. Amahhotela phakathi nomkhakha wesikhungo sezincwadi zomhlangano ngonyaka ngaphambili, izindawo zokudlela zibona isivinini ebhizinisini lokunakekela izimfijoli, futhi zithatha ibalazwe lemisebenzi yezemisebenzi ekhethekile. Izinkulungwane zemisebenzi yeminyaka yezethulo zakhiwa ezindaweni ezisebenza kuzo, ukuphepha, ukuvolomela, nokungenisa izihambi ukuze zisekele ukuthutheleka komhlangano.

Ngaphandle kokusebenzisa ngokuqondile, imikhosi iye yaba yinqaba yezindawo zokuvakasha ezingokobuzwe. Imikhosi yaba yinqaba ezindaweni ezivamile eziphawulwe ochungechungeni oluthandwayo. Le mikhosi i-Paris (ne-Anime Japan Expo), i-Singapore (i-Aminee Asia) isebenzisa lezi zenzakalo ukuze ithuthukise uhambo oluhlanganisa uhambo, amapakethe aneziteshi eziqinile, imikhosi ye-antene, nokuya ezindaweni ezisezweni ezivamile ezidume kakhulu. Le mikhosi ngokwayo iveza iziteshi eziphambili zezokuvakasha ezithandwayo ezinhlalweni zezokuvakasha. Le “sechichi junrei" noma umbutho wokuthatha uhambo owe ezindaweni zasemaphandleni, uvuse amadolobhanaba nezisebenzi ezinkulu ezinikela iminikelo yohwebo ezindaweni zendawo.

Ithonya lamasiko lidlulela ekulawuleni amandla aphansi. Izindikimba zikahulumeni njengeNkonzo yezentengiselwano, yeMabhizinisi ne-Indacs yaseJapane ziye zaqaphela i-athom njengesihluthulelo sokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, futhi imikhosi isebenza njengendawo yesikhulu sokusekela izivakashi zamazwe ngamazwe, futhi izinhlangano zempucuko zihlela izindawo zobuciko zaseJapane ezingokwesiko eziseduze nokuhlolwa kwemidwebo, ijulise ukwazisa kwembulunga yonke ngamasiko amaJapan.

I - Phenomenon: Umdwebi Nenhlalo

Akukho kuxoxwa ngemikhosi ye-amime ephelele ngaphandle kokuhlolwa kwe-coselfed. Okuqale njenge-fandom egqokelwe izingubo ezivamile kuye kwaphenduka isakhiwo sobuciko esinezinto eziningi ezihlangene ngemklamo yemfashini, ubunjiniyela be-prop, nobuciko bokwenza. Umncintiswano womkhosi weqophi, ngokuvamile isenzakalo sakusihlwa sesiteji, siyisiphetho sezinyanga zobungcweti. Abakha izikhali eziyinkimbinkimbi ngokusebenzisa i-thermoplastics kanye ne-EVA, zithungela izindwangu eziyinkimbinkimbi nge-LEDs eziphothiwe engxenyeni yomphetho, futhi zidala amaphiko asebenzayo. AbaHluleli, ngokuvamile abanguchwepheshe beqopheli abaculi abaphambili, izingqwembe zokwakha, ukuneka kweqophelo, nokufika kwesiteji.

Izici zenkomfa ze-commedi zihlanganisa wonke umkhosi. Amaphasishi namagceke angaphandle aba yindawo enyakazayo lapho abathwebuli bezithombe nabalandeli begcwalisa khona “imibuthano ehleliwe” ehlelwa ngezokuxhumana. Kubantu abaningi abakhona, ikhomethi iyindlela enamandla yokuveza nokuhlanganisa. Imizamo yomphakathi efana nothi “Ikholidi akuvumelani” imikhankaso, ehloniswe ezinsukwini eziningi, ebonakalisa indima yalo mkhosi ekubekeni izimiso zezenhlalo nokuqinisekisa indawo ephephile, egcwele. Amaqoqo omzimba abonisa imiboniso ehambisana nezokudlala (ibonisa indlela abasebenzisi besihlalo sesihlalo semoto noma abanezinye izithonga) eqokomisa ngayo izindinganiso zezokuhamba zomphakathi ezithuthukela phambili.

Ukuthola Ikusasa Elintekenteke

Lo mqedazwe waphoqelela ukuba kuguqulwe izinombolo ezashintsha unomphela indawo yomkhosi. Izenzakalo ezingokoqobo ezifana nohlelo lwe-Crunchyroll Digital no-Anime Expo Lite zanikeza amaphakethe agelezayo, amahholo awezelele abathengi, kanye ne-inthanethi ye-intanethi eyadweba izigidi zezibukeli zasezindaweni ezazingenakukwazi ukuthatha uhambo. Lokhu kuhlelwa kwe-democrate ukufinyelela komdwebo we-engile kunganwetshwa ngaphandle kokuba khona ngokoqobo.

Imikhosi emikhulu manje inikeza okuhlangenwe nakho okubili: isenzakalo esingokwesiko esinendawo esinenkokhelo ekhokhelwayo noma esekelwayo. Imikhosi ehlangeneyo idinga amakhono amasha okukhiqiza, kusukela kuma-kamera amaningi aphilayo kuya ezindaweni ezingemva kwe-screens ezithwetshuliweyo ezithwetshulweyo ezisesitezini zomhlangano. Abahleli kumelwe bahambe ngezindlela eziyinkimbinkimbi zezibalo zemisebenzi egoqweni namazwi abonakala ngokucacile. Nokho izinzuzo zisobala: imiphakathi yabathandi bezimpahla zomhlaba wonke eyake yahlanganyela esikhathini sangempela, izakhiwo zokuhlola imbulunga yonke ngaphandle kwethalethi lokuhamba emhlabeni wonke, futhi indawo ezungezile ithuthuke njengendlela yokuhamba ehamba ngesilinganiso esikhulu.

Abahleli babuye baxabane nokuzinziswa kwezenzakalo ezingokomzimba. Izinyathelo zokunciphisa imfucumfucu yepulasitiki, njengokuvinjelwa kwezikhwama namabhodlela amanzi asetshenziswayo, zithola inzuzo. Ubudlelwane bezinhlelo zekhabhoni kanye neziteshi ezifuna inzuzo zemikhumbi yempi ye-EV buba yingxenye yempahla yokuthengwa lapho amadolobha encintisana nalezi zenzakalo ezizuzisayo. Umkhosi wesikhathi esizayo kumelwe ulinganisele amandla angenakuthathelwa indawo ezungezile exhunyiwe eqeshiwe i-octractives syst nemithombo yomphakathi.

Izinselele Nendlela Engaphambili

Naphezu kokukhula kwayo, imikhosi ye-antimie ibhekene nezinselele ezinkulu. Ukusetshenziswa kwamathikithi athengwayo nokuthengwa okukhethekile kuye kwaholela ekuvuseleleni imishini eqinile yokulawula imishini yokuphehla igesi kanye nezinyathelo eziqinile zokuvimbela ukuthenga. Ukuminyana ezikhungweni zezenzakalo ezidumile ezizinzile futhi kungaphazamisa ukuphepha, kudinga ukudansa okuntekentekezayo kwamakepisi nezinhlelo ezinwebekile ezisemadolobheni amaningi.

Ukugcinwa kwempahla okungakadluli kuhlala kuyinto enzima. Ukuba khona kwezindawo zokuthengisa ze-bootleg edwebeni kanye nokusetshenziswa okungekho semthethweni kwamagama abhalwe ngokusemthethweni edoujin eyaziwa nge-doujinsshi kubekela inselele ubuhlobo obubucayi phakathi kwabaqondisi bempahla nomphakathi wabathandi bemishini. Amagumbi amaningi athathe ukuvunyelwa kokusebenza kwamapesenti njengezentengiselwano zamahhala, kodwa indawo esemthethweni ayilingani, futhi imikhosi kumelwe ifake phakathi kokuvikela nokukhulisa izimpande zotshani ezisiza imboni.

Uma ubheka phambili, ithonya elikhulayo lezehlo ezingewona amaJapane elishukunyiswa yi-amime, ukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo eChina, eKorea, nase-United States, lihlanganisa uhlelo lomkhosi. Izenzakalo ziqala ukuveza “isitayela-"" esisebenza kanye nezimpawu zakudala zamaJapane, zibangela izimpikiswano ngemingcele ye-genere kanye nokuthembeka kwempucuko. Igama elithi“Ane” ngokwalo liyahlaliswa ngesikhathi sangempela phakathi kwalemihlangano.

Ukukhula kwemikhosi ye-amime kuyisiqinisekiso samandla omphakathi okwazi ukuguqula umphakathi nokushintshana kwempucuko. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe bushintsha futhi izilaleli zembulunga yonke zihlangana, lezi zenzakalo ziyoqhubeka zisebenza njengendawo eshayayo yezwe elinolwembu, lapho isizukulwane esilandelayo sezindaba sigujwa ngaphambi kokuba sigujwe. Ukusukela ekuqoqweni okungaqondakali kwe-VHS kungene embulungeni yezigidi eziningi yendalo nezohwebo, umkhosi we-ayimine uyoba injini eyisisekelo yempumelelo yokukhiqiza nokusungula indalo nentuthuko ngokwayo.