I-Art of War ibiwumbhalo oyisisekelo ekuqondeni icebo lempi nokuphikisana kuwo wonke umlando. Izimiso zayo zingabonakala ezimpini ezihlukahlukene ezingokomlando, ikakhulukazi enkathini yeSengku eJapane, eboniswe futhi ochungechungeni lwemidlalo yevidiyo ethandwayo, uSengoku Basara. Lesi sihloko sihlola izingxabano ezingokomlando zeSengku Era nezifundo ezizidlulisela nge-lens yezimfundiso zeSun Tzu.

Ukuhlakanipha Okuhlala Njalo Kobuciko Belanga Bempi

Nakuba labhalwa eminyakeni engaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezimbili edlule, i-Sun Tzu’s Ubuciko beMpi ihlala iyisisekelo somqondo obalulekile. Izahluko zayo ezicacile zihlukanisa ukwakheka komzimba wempi, zigcizelela ukuthi uhlobo oluphakeme kakhulu lokunqoba lufezwa ngaphandle kokulwa, ngenkohliso, ngesivinini, ukuhlakanipha, nokuxhashazwa kombathayo. Umbhalo wendlela ejulile yokuqonda indawo, isimo sezulu, umholi, nemfundiso esekelwe kuyo izikhali ezisezimpini zasendulo. Izazi nabaholi bahlolile isikhathi eside bafunda le mbumbulu, futhi bayazi uma bengazi ukuthi izikhali ezikhona izikhali, futhi bezingawufuni umkhuba umehluko womlando womhlaba wonke. [FLT] [FFT] [FT].[3] Izindlela ezinjalo , njengoba kusekelwe kunezimpi zasendulo yempi yasendulo, futhi uyakwazi ukulwa nakungazi lutho lwezinga lokuzinye.

I - “Casmind ” Enezinxushunxushu Yenkathi Ye - Senga

Inkathi yeSengaku, noma “inkathi yokulwa kwezwe”, yanwetshwa cishe kusukela eMpini yesifunda ngo-1467 kuya ekusungulweni kwempi yesizwe yaseTokugawa shogunate ngo-163. Lempi yesizwe eqhubekayo yaphula igunya le-Ashikaga shogunate futhi yafaka iqoqo leziqhingi ezilwayo. Abaphathi besifunda sempi, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-daimyō, yasuka yaze yaqala ukusekela empini yabo futhi yakwazi ukukhuthaza ukwethembeka kwabangaphansi. Indwangu yomphakathi yahlukaniswa ngokuthi [[FLT][FL:] kuKoko j . [FLT]] .[5] Ukunqoba kwezwe, okungaphakeme [1] [16] ukuduma okungaze kwangempela, futhi kwasuka ezindaweni eziphansi, ezindaweni eziphansi, ezihlala amasosha amasosha ayesensi namadoda asendulo ahlakaniphile.

Lenkathi yavela i-[FLT'ebizwa ngokuthi i-“Unions": Oda Notunaga, i-involution enonya eyaqala ukuqinisa amandla; Totomi Hideyo , uSazi wekhozi owenziwe ngemuva oqede ukuhlanganiswa; [[FLT] no- u-Iwawawawaseu, isazi esibekezelayo sokuxhumana okungasunguli umbuso ozothatha iminyaka engaphezu kwengu- 250. Ngamunye, ngendlela yakhe siqu, wahlanganisa futhi waphula imisebe ye-Sun. [indlela eyinkimbinkimbi]

Ikhono Elikahle Ensimini Yempi

Ukuze umuntu aqonde ngempela ukubuya kweSun Tzu phakathi neSengu, kumelwe ahlaziye izimpi ezithile lapho inkolelo - mbono ecatshangelwayo ingqubuzana khona neqiniso elibi le - dumpowder, igazi, nesimo sezulu.

Okehazama: Ukunqoba Kokukhohlisa Nokumangalisayo

NgoJune 1560, u-Amagawa Yoshimoto wahola ibutho elisabekayo lamadoda angu - 25 000 eqonde eKyoto, ehlose ukuthatha indawo ye-Ashikaga shogunate. Indlela yakhe yanqamula ngokuqondile endaweni yabantwana, u-brash Oda Nunaga, owayengahlanganisa amasosha angu-3000. Sun Tzu wafundisa, “Mjikeleze lapho engakulungele khona, uvela lapho ungalindele khona.” UNubunaga wabulala lokhu ngokungenaphutha. Washiya ibutho elincane elivikelayo emngceleni wakhe, wahola isidumbu sakhe esihamba ngomzila wesifunda, ukhuni olunokhuni phakathi nokuduma kobudlova. Isikhukhula savela e - Imawa samisa ibutho, elalimise ibutho elincane eDegaza emfuleni eliwumfaya, emfuleni wakhe.

Ukuhlasela kwakuwukuduma kwezulu. Amadoda kaNokumba aphuma ehlathini futhi ahlasela isitha esidangeleyo esiphethe iposi ngokuqondile. UYoshimoto, ekuqaleni ekholelwa ukuthi umsindo wawuwukulwa phakathi kwamasosha akhe siqu, wabulawa ngaphambi kokuba ahlele ukuzivikela. Impi, eyayithatha isikhathi esingamahora ambalwa kuphela, yaphula i-Nomagawa futhi yamemezela iNobunaga njengebutho lesizwe. Izifundo zisobala: ukuhlakanipha (ukwazi isikhundla esiqondile nesithikamezo), ukukhohlisa (ibutho elincane eliphethe) nokusetshenziswa kwezindawo zemvelo (isiphepho) kuqhubekela phambili ekubulaleni kwayo njengencwadi yempi. [FLD:0]

UNagashino: Amandla Okuzivumelanisa Nezimo Nezikhali Ezihlangene

Eminyakeni engu-15 ngemva kwe-Okehazama, i-Nobunaga yabhekana nenselele ehluke ngokuphelele. Ngonyaka ka-1575, impi yabagibeli bamahhashi esizwe samaTakeda, eyaziwa njengembashi yamahhashi engcono kakhulu eJapane, yavimbezela iNagashino Castle. uNobunaga kanye naye wonke uTokugawa Ieyasu wahamba ukuze akhulule isoshane, kodwa bazi ukuthi ingxabano yamasiko yayizodlalela ngokuqondile eTakeda Katsuyori. Sun Tzu waluleka, “Ujenene onekhono lokuvikela ezinqiwini eziningi zomhlaba; onekhono lokuhlasela imikhumbi ephezulu yezulu. uNogganagas wakhetha izikhali zangaphambili, ukwakha i-andomfolome delderss.

Ukusebenzisa izibhamu kwakungekona ukusetshenziswa kuphela − kodwa abanye babesebenzise ukuvumelana kwenhlangano. Nobuga wahlukanisa izibhamu zakhe zabasebenzi, wadala isimiso somlilo wevolvey ojikelezayo owawugcina isichotho esingapheli sezinhlamvu. Lapho ama-Takeda ahlaselwa yizibhamu, ayefakwa ekubulaleni izindawo ezithile futhi anqunywe ngaphambi kokuba afinyelele isithiyo. Kwakuwukubonakaliswa konya kwe Sun’s Tzu’s dictum ekukhetheni inkundla yempi eqeda inzuzo yesitha. UNobumba waguqula ukuxazululwa komzabalazo ofanele ihhashi lamahhashi amasosha ukuba abulawe ngokuqonda indawo nezikhali. I-Takeda yalahlekelwa izinkulungwane zeSamu ne-ura ye-vincure, i-Frolay ebonakala ikhona.

Osaka: Ukuvuselelwa Okuhlelekile KweBesieger NeBesieged

ISiege yase-Osaka, eyalwa emikhankasweni emibili (1614-1615), yakhanyisa isici esihlukile sezimfundiso zeSun Tzu: ukubaluleka okukhulu kokuphatha izivumelwano kanye nokubaluleka kwengqondo yempi. Ngemva kweTokugawa Ieyasasu eSegahara ngonyaka ka-1600, wabamba i-shogunate kodwa wahlala ekhathazwa yindlalifa ephilayo yenkosi yakhe yangaphambili, uToyotomi Hideyori, owahlala eSoweni ocishe abe yinqaba e-Osaka. UTzu waxwayisa, “Ukuvika idolobha elibiyelwe odongeni liyindlela yokugcina.” I-Iyeas aqale azame ukuqeda ukuzivikela kwenqaba ngokuthula, ukusebenzisa ngobuqili“ ukubulala izitha zempi. ” UTzozozozodwa wasebenzisa i-Totoyo.

Nokho, lo mkhankaso awuphelanga lapho. Kunyaka ka 1615 weSummer Campaign, amabutho ase-Toyotomi aqhutshelwa phambili, ephoqelela impi ewujuqu eTenōji. Ieyasu, naphezu kobukhulu bakhe benani, wacishe walahlekelwa ukuphila kwakhe lapho uHideyori, uSana Yudukara, esunduzeke ngemigqa yakhe egcwele ukulwa, ebonisa ukuthi uSun Tzu’s “waphonsa amasosha akho ezikhundleni lapho kungekho kukhululeka.” Ukunqoba kukaTokugwa kwaba ngowo ekugcineni kungumphathi wempahla nowe-fusion, kodwa eduze kwe-distaster, ugcizelela ukuthi ngisho nomphathi oqeqeshiwe kakhulu angasuswa umphikisi owenakele uhulumeni owenga ukulwa. I-Osaka likhumbuza ukuthi ukunqoba okuvame ukuhlasela kwempi empini empini.

Ukudida Izifundo: Ukusuka Enkundleni Yempi Kuya Endleleni Yanamuhla

Ukuhlaziya inkathi yaseSenguo ngelens yaseSun Tzu kwembula izimiso eziningana ezihlala njalo ezidlulela ngalé komlando wezempi.

  • Ubuhlakani obuphethe bunqoba amabutho amakhulu: uNotunaga e-Okezama nase-Ieyasu kuyo yonke imisebenzi yakhe ebekwe kakhulu enhlanganiseleni yezinhloli nasezinhloli. Ukwazi indawo yomphikisi, isikhundla sakhe, ukunikeza, kanye nesimilo ngokuvamile kunquma kakhulu kunasekubeni namabutho amaningi. Kunoma isiphi isifunda sokuncintisana, ukucwaninga nokuqonda isithiyo semba sombangi kungaveza iziphazamiso ezingekhona nakwethemba.
  • Ukuvumelana eMfundweni yeRigid: Ukuzinikela kwesizwe samaTakeda esikweni laso lokulwa amahhashi kwakuyincithakalo yaso. Ukwamukela kukaNobunga i-arquebus kanye nesimiso sakhe semililo ye-volceley kubonisa ukuthi ukuwina kudinga ukuhlangana nobuchwepheshe nezimo. Izinhlangano ezinamathela ezindleleni eziphelelwe isikhathi, ngisho naseziphumelele ngaphambili, zifaka engozini ukubhujiswa kweNagashino-style.
  • Exploit iNdawo ezungezile ne-Opponent’s Psychology:[ Imvula, inkungu, nendawo kwakungezona nje izinxushunxushu kodwa kodwa izidalwa ezisebenzayo zokunqoba. Ngokukhetha inhlabathi futhi ngisho nokwakha izithiyo (njenge-Nagashino palisade), umphathi uhlela ingxabano ngaphambi kokuba igalelo lokuqala lishaye. Ngokufanayo, uhlwanyela ukudisana, ukukhohlisa, nokunweba imigqa enikeza umphikisi kunganqoba ngaphandle kwenhlekelele.
  • wing Without Batt iPinnacle: Ukususa kuka-Ieyasu ngesivumelwano semisele ye-Osaka, kunokuba kuvuthulule izindonga, kwasindisa ukuphila okungabalileki nengcebo. Ezimweni zanamuhla, ukuxoxisana nokubambisana okuqeda usongo ngaphandle kokubulala umbango.

Sengaku Basara: Ukugqashuka Okunamandla Kwengxabano

Sengoku Basara ithatha lezizinombolo ezingokomlando kanye nemisebenzi yabo eyinganekwane futhi izifake nge-octane ephezulu, ngaphezulu kwesenzo. Nakuba ihlela isitayela nombukwane, uchungechunge luyisibuko esithakazelisayo sokuhlola ingaphakathi icebo. Umdlali ngamunye, owaziwa ngeflamboythantam, uveza umholi ohlukile wefilosofi efana nohlobo lwelanga oluphambili. Umdlalo umane nje uveza umlando obalulekile.

Usuku lukaMasamune, oluboniswe njengeqhawe elinganaki, elihlaselayo eligibele ihhashi, liveza icebo elinonya, eliqondiswe ngesivinini lomlawuli ofuna ukuqeda isitha ngaphambi kokuba asungule isivikelo. Indlela yakhe yokudlala ifundisa inani lokuthatha isinyathelo nejubane, phakathi kwe Sun Tzu inhloso yokuthatha “inzuzo.” Ngokungafani, i-Uesugi Kenshin esabekayo ewubukhazikhazikhazikhazikhazi, isikhathi saphezulu somholi olindele isikhathi esiphelele sokuhlasela u-"an Frafanial we-atom ye-arom] elula ngesikhathi isitha sikhandlekile." Uma uqala ukulwa."

Ngisho nomfanekiso kanodoli ongavamile, owengamele kaTokugawa Ieyasu − ngokuvamile oboniswa ngesisusa esifihlekile, esinamandla esifihlekile ngemuva kwengaphandle eliqinile − uveza ingcweti ende yomdlalo eyakha imifelano futhi ikhuthaze kuze kube yilapho izimbangi zibhobhoza. Ngokuguqula amasu angokomlando abe yimidlalo esheshayo, i-visceral, USeauBasara[FL:1] uba yithuluzi lokufunda ngenhloso kodwa eliphumelelayo. Abadlali basebenzisa imiqondo yangaphakathi njengesikhundla, ukuphatha izinto (ngendlela yempilo nezindlela ezinkulu), nezindlela zokuhlasela. Umbukiso umboniso ungaphakathi, umkhondo wesiyaluyawo wempi. Kulabo abanesithakazelo kulezi zinkomibukiso zemidlalo. [FEPT] [2]

Ngaphandle kwezinhlamvu zomdlalo ngazinye. Nakuba umdlali engase asebenzise ingalo kadrako eqinile futhi akhiphe umbani, umbuzo obalulekile uhlala ufana: Usebenzisa kanjani amathuluzi akho alinganiselwe ukuze unqobe amandla aphakeme noma isikhundla esiqinile? Le nguqulo yama-axiom ehlele izinqumo zezwe langempela iqinisekisa ukuthi izifundo ze Sun, icwebeze i-Sun Tzu, icwengethe nge-Seng Crucrigle, iyaqhubeka ibuza ukuthi uthola kanjani abantu abashayi abashayi abasha?

Isiphetho: Icebo Lasendulo Elifana Nelingaphelelwa Isikhathi

Inkathi ye-Warring States yayiyindawo yokucwaninga eyingozi ye-operation. Imisebenzi kaNobunaga, Hideyoshi, no-Ieyasu yahlola i-Sun Tzu's armon erring maright marty, i-asmon of Osaka, i-aspemon, ne-superder, iveza izifundo eziye zalahlekelwa nalutho lwazo. Kunobungcweti obukhohlisayo obuncane kakhulu e-Okezama ekubulaleni kwayo eNagashino, futhi ixoxisa kakhulu i-Osakaze i-occan, lezimpi zibonisa ukuthi impikiswano ngokuyisisekelo iyimpi, hhayi nje izinto ezingolwazi nje kuphela. [FLT.0] [iBashara [FLT], noma nganoma yimuphi umehluko wobuphi ubuciko obungokomlando, lapho sihlola khona, futhi sikhipha khona, ukubulala kakhulu; i-osekugnomose; i-ose i-ognomose i-ogray'uase, i-ged ye-ge, i-ge