anime-in-global-contexts
Izinkolo ZaseJalimane, ZaseFrance Nezase - Italy: Indlela U - Anime Ashintsha Ngayo Izimakethe Namasiko AseYurophu
Table of Contents
Indlela Indawo Ehlala Kuyo EJalimane, EFrance, Nase - Italy
I-Anime ihamba ngalé kweJapane, futhi lapho ifika eYurophu, ayikafiki. IJalimane, iFrance, ne-Italy ngalinye linesiko elihlukile eliguqula ukuzwakala kwezwi, ukuxoxisana, ngisho nokuzixoxela ngokwalo. Nakuba wonke amazwe amathathu ethanda kakhulu izimpawu zamaJapane, izinguqulo zokugcina ozizwa kuthelevishini, amapulatifomu, nama - Blu-reac abonisa amashumi eminyaka okulandisa, ukukhetha kwezezezemboni, kanye nezinhloso ezithandwayo.
Izinguquko zesiJalimane, isiFulentshi, nesiNtaliyane azizona izinguqulo nje kuphela . ziveza loluchungechunge ngezwi lendawo, amahlaya, kanye nezihlelwa ngezikhathi ezithile ezingaguqula indlela ozizwa ngayo umdlali noma i-arc. Ukuqonda lokhu mehluko kwembula ukuthi i-ame iba kanjani umkhiqizo wezwe ngalinye lezindaba.[
Ukuziphendukela Kwendawo Egcwele I - animie EYurophu
EFrance nase-Italy, uchungechunge lwaseJapane lwathola isilinganiso esikhulu ngasekupheleni kwawo - 1970, kuyilapho iJalimane yathatha indlela eqaphile kakhulu eyathanda ukuhlelwa okukhulu. Lezi zinqumo zokuqala zabeka iqophelo lezenzo ezihlukene namuhla.
Ukusakaza Kwakuqala Negagasi Lokuqala Lokungena Ngaphandle
Ngonyaka ka-1979, [[FLT: 0], Heidi, iGrin ye-Alps (i-consotion phakathi kwe-Zuiyo Eizo kanye ne-Nippon Ibetho) ne-mecha elpie FOCORT Grendizer[ (eyaziwa eFrance [[FLT:]] Goldak[[[FLT]]] [[FLT]] [FLT]] [12]] ne-oggsssss .[9] i-Foct, i-Foct, i-Foct, [F] futhi i-Foct.[9] kunye nolimi oluvelayokusukela ku-Menyu][9][10]
Indlela yeJalimane yayivinjelwe kakhulu. Anime wafika kuthelevishini yomphakathi ngezimiso zokuzivikela zomphakathi. Ibonisa njengo Lupin III no Battle yamaplanethi[[ (inguqulo ehlelwe kakhulu yaseNtshonalanga ye-] (inguqulo ye-] Scence Nintam Nintan Teaman [))) yatholakala, kodwa yasika izigcawulo ezinobudlova, ukuphendula, futhi ngisho nokubuyisela yonke imisindo yemisindo yaba umkhuba ovamile wesiJalimane. Lokhu kwadala igebe: isiFulentshi nenjane sase-Italy ngokuvamile sabona izinguqulo ezithembekile kakhulu, kuyilapho izibukeli zamukela ukuhlelwa kwempi.
Izimboni, Ababoni, Nokwakha Kwemboni Evusa Amadlingozi
Izidumo ze [[FLT: 0] i-Tezuka, [[FT:2] i-Hayao Mizaki, ne i-Isabata[FO:][FULT] [[FOL:] isiza ekunyuseni isimo sobuciko se-Azimu eYurophu. [[FLT] i-Myaki's [[FLT:] i-Nauziyacaä yeSigo ye-Wind[[FLT:]] futhi kamuva i-Studio Ghibliblica yabizwa ngokucophelela i-France kanye ne-Italian, ngokuvamile ngaphansi kwe-mdlangando ye-mzweyokuqala. [eyi-FTYNFT] Ekhaya elihlangeneyokusetshenziswayo eNingizimuzimu Afrika, futhi eliphansi kwe-Ayisika-Engileyodwa, i-Alansi, i-fulvolugne.[10] I-fu, i-fu, i-fufu, i-fuse, i-
IJalimane yasungula izikhungo zayo siqu zokuhlola, ikakhulukazi eMunich nase Berlin, kodwa izithiyo zezimali kanye nokucindezela kokuvumelana neziqondiso zentsha .Umthetho ngezinye izikhathi waholela ekuthatheni izinhlelo ezisheshayo. Ngo-1990, iziqu ezinjenge i-Mobile Spiderect Gundam[[[FL:1] kanye ne-Akira iweqa imingcele, nokho iJalimane yakhipha imiqulu ehlukene kakhulu nezicubu zomfazeko. IFrance ne-Italy yayivame ukuthola izinguqulo ezingancishini ezithiwe kamuva, kuyilapho ukusakazwa kweJalimane kwaba yisihloko sengxoxo eshubile.
Ukukhula Kwamaphupho Nokushintsha Izwi Lokuqala
Ngo-1990 nango-20000 kwavela ukudlondlobala kwe-amime dindom ezizweni ezintathu. Izindawo ze-Italy ezinikezelwe zokuzimela emizileni yezentengiselwano zabangela ukuhlangana okuhlala njalo nabadlali abakhulumayo ababeveze iGoku, iSailor Moon, noma iLupin. Abalandeli baseFrance bazuza embukisweni wezwe elidala wama - manga anyathelisiwe nemihlangano ye-amine enjengeJapan Expolate, eyagcizelela amathemba amakhulu okudumela okukholeka. EJalimane, amakethe ahlukene kakhulu aholela izibukeli eziningi ezibukeli ukuba zifune ama-ubs noma ama-Blugray aphuma kwamanye amazwe, ukuthambekela okwandala nje nge-Interne.
Namuhla, imiphakathi yezindawo kuwo womathathu amazwe isekela ukuhunyushwa okunembile nokwezingathakazelisi. Ihlola ukukhetha nokusungulwa kokuhunyushwa kwezithombe ezisusiwe. Nakuba abalandeli bamaNtaliyane namaFulentshi bethambekele ekuthakazeleni izinguqulo zabo ezifudumele, abalandeli baseJalimane ngokuvamile bahlala bengenalwazi, bethatha amagama aqanjiwe ngesiqalo kodwa begxeka okuthiwa ukukhishwa. Lokhu kuveza ukuhlukana okukhulu okuvela ezimisweni zomhleli kanye nentuthuko engalinganiyo yemaketheki yemakethe aseJalimane.
Ukuhlelwa Kwendawo: Ukuxoxa, Ukulungisa Imikhuba, Nokuvumelana Nesiko
Ukubekwa kwendawo kuwubuciko bokwenza indaba yamaJapane izizwe iphila ngolimi olusha. Kudlulela ngalé kwegama elithi à greard transformation, okuhlanganisa indlela abalingiswa ababonisa ngayo intukuthelo, indlela amahlaya, nokuthi ikhophi engokwesiko inengqondo yini. EJalimane, eFrance, nase-Italy, ukukhetha okwenziwa abahumushi nabaqondisi bezwi kuchaza umphefumulo we-gub.
Ukubukeza Ihumu, Ama - Idiom Nezwi Lohlobo
Ama-pans, ama-pans, ama-screensance, kanye nezikhombo ezicacile ezingokwesiko zivame ukunyamalala lapho kuhunyushwa. Endaweni yabo, abaqondisi bemishinyana bafaka ezinye izindlela zendawo. I-dub yaseJalimane ingathatha indawo ye- isentai ōkōhai intela esemthethweni ebonisa ukuthi isigaba sabefundisi asikho ulimi olungenalo. Abalobi baseFrance bangafaka ungwengwele lwensimbi noma ihlaya, basebenzise izinkulumo ezicebile zomdlalo. Abahumushi base-Italy, abaziwa ngekhono labo lokusungula izinto, ngezinye izikhathi badlala ngendlela ejabulisayo ukuze benze inhlekisa yomculo.
Lokhu kulungisa kuthinta indlela obheka ngayo ubuhlobo nabantu. Umqambi ozwakala enesizotha eJapane angahlangana nobunzima obukhulu kakhulu enguqulweni yesiJalimane engokwezwi nezwi, kuyilapho i-dub yaseFrance ingamenza abe nemfudumalo nokuhlakanipha. Umphumela ohlanganisayo usho ukuthi izibukeli ezimbili ezibuka uchungechunge olufanayo ngezilimi ezihlukahlukene zingachaza umbheki we-protagoni ngezindlela ezihluke kakhulu. Lokhu kungesizathu esisodwa esenza [[FLT: 0] i-alging isho konke okuhlangenwe nakho kwakho komboniso [
Ukusabela Kwezwi, Ubuchwepheshe Be - ADR, Nokubelethisa Ngokomzwelo
I-Dialogue ezenzekelayo iwumgogodla wobuchwepheshe wokufaka i-trandting. Abaqondisi babuka i-panease yokuqala futhi badlulise imigqa yabo ngesikhathi ngokushaya kwezindebe zesifanekiso, kuyilapho onjiniyela bomsindo behlanganisa izwi elisha nomculo kanye nemiphumela yomsindo. Ikhono lomqondisi wephimbo liba eligxekayo: umdwebi ocuthayo noma umuntu ophefumulayo kabi angakukhipha kulendaba.
Ama-cub aseFrance ngokuvamile adunyiswa ngokuveza kwawo, cishe ngokungena emdlalweni wemidlalo. Abadlali bezwi abaqeqeshiwe emendulweni ye-stac itre baletha amandla aphawulekayo afanele i-shōnen izimpi zothando kanye nokwethakathi. Amasiko ama-Italian aqalayo, asekelwe emashumini eminyaka yokuhumusha ifilimu ephilayo ye-6atation, agcizelela ukudluliselwa okungokwemvelo, okuseduze. Abadlali abafana noPaolo Torrisi kanye nokuphonswa kwe Ingxenye eyodwa ithandwa ngokuqondeneyo ngenxa yokuthi izwakala njengezinhlamvu kunokuba imidlalo efundwayo. Izenzakalo zezezezentengiselwano zeJalimane, nakuba ziphumelela, ngezinye izikhathi ziveza izenzo ezizwakala ziboshelwe noma zifififi kakhulu.
Lezi zinguqulo zibonisa indlela ukuhlukahluka kolimi okungangena ngayo enqubweni yokuzivumelanisa nezimo, okwenza i - antimie yomhlaba wonke ibe yinto ezwakala endaweni.
I - Censorship, Ukuhlela Okunengxenye, Nokuncelisa Izinzwa Ezisezincane
Izimiso zokusakaza kanye nokuzwela kwempucuko yaseYurophu kuholela emsebenzini wokuhlela izinqumo. Imithetho eqinile yentsha yaseJalimane yokuvikela iye yaphumela ezinguqulweni eziphawuleka kakhulu emlandweni: izigcawu zokuchithwa kwegazi ziyafiphazwa noma zisuswe, ukufa kubuye kubhalwe ngokuthi “ukunyamalala,” futhi izikhombo zotshwala noma ukubhema ziyacimeka. Ngisho nemiklamo yophawu ingashintshwa. Isibonelo esiphawulekayo se-German dub of Diganon Ball[, okunganqamulanga nje impi kodwa futhi okungashintshangashintshi ukuxoxisana kwe-mfaniswa kwendaba yothando.
IFrance ne-Italy, nakuba ingagonyelwanga ekuhloleni, ithambekele ekusebenziseni izimpawu ezilula. Abasakazi baseFrance ngezikhathi ezithile balungisa izithombe ukuze bavumelane nesikhathi esingu-33slot, kodwa izinguqu zivame ukushintshwa ku-DVD noma i-Bluragwaray. Ithelevishini yase-Italy ngokomlando ithembele kakhulu emakhonweni ezibukelini okuhlukanisa iphupho neqiniso, nakuba ezinye izingcezwana zeshōn zisabona imigqa ebukeziwe ukuze kugwenywe ukuziphatha okungakholeki. Ukusuka emapulatifomuni kuye kwasungula ukuvumelana kakhulu, ukuvumela izinguqulo ezingashwabi nezilinganiso zenkathi efanele, nokho ukuhlelwa kwezinguqulo ezisezimbonini ezithile kungaqhubeka.
Ukuqhathanisa AmaBhayibheli EsiJalimane, IsiFulentshi NesiNtaliyane
Lapho ubeka amasiko amathathu ahlanganisanayo, umehluko ujule kakhulu kunolimi.
Ukuthatha Indawo Yezaga Zomsindo Nokubonakaliswa Kwazo
Enye yezindlela zokuhlukanisa kakhulu indawo yisinqumo sokuthatha indawo ye-Japane u-track yomsindo. Ama-dub aseJalimane aye eyi-profile engenela kakhulu ngaphambili. Izihloko zokuvula zemifanekiso zingashintshwa ukuze ziqanjwe izingoma ezintsha eziqanjwe abadwebi bendawo, futhi umculo wesizinda ungaphinde ubhalwe nge-okhestra yaseYurophu ukuze uvumelane nalokho abasakazi abacabanga ukuthi kulindelwe. Lokhu kwafinyelela izinga eliphezulu ku-1990, kanye nochungechunge olufana SAILTY nomculo POK] POTémon[[FL:3] [FLT]] futhi [i] i-PLT] i-pagnomes egcwele izilaleli zendawo yaseJalimane eyasula i-jantshi yakuqala. Nakuba ezinye izibukeli zale lemi yemi yobuciko.
IFrance cishe igcina umculo wamaJapan ungekho. Ukukhululwa kwe-French ye-Meneral Totoro, ngokwesibonelo, igcina iqophelo eligcwele likaJoe Hisaishi, futhi i-Brraneray yenziwa ivule futhi igcine izihloko eziphethe. I-Italy isendaweni ephakathi: nakuba uchungechunge oluphambili lwagcina umsindo we-Japane, eminye imikhiqizo igunyaza izingoma ezintsha zezihloko zabaculo zabaculi bama-Italiya, njengalokho okudumile iSimende Samisho sami Rhuqan Ball. Imiphumela yomsindo ingase ihlukane; ukuxubana kwamaJalimane ngezinye izikhathi kwenezela ithonya elikhulu ekuthambiseni umsindo oluhlaza wezenzo, kanti isiFulentshi nesiphakathi sixube isiJapanne silandela umsindo.
Ukuhlelwa Kwezinto Ezibonakalayo Nokuhlelwa Kabusha Kwazo
Ukushintsha okubonakalayo akuvamile namuhla ngenxa yokusakazwa kwemivo, kodwa iminyaka eminingi kwakuyithuluzi lokulalela. AmaDVD aseJalimane [ase-. AmaNaruto futhi ne Ingxenye eyodwa [[[ yayaziwa ngokuyeka izigigaba noma izikhali ezingaqondakali ngokwezibalo, kuyilapho izinguqulo zaseFrance zahlala zingakhathathiwe kakhulu. I-Italian zenza izitebhucucu ezincane ukuze zihambisane neziqondiso zamanzi zethelevishini ezichithwe, kodwa zazithembekile. Izihlombe ezazikhuluma ngezihloko ezivuthiwe [1][FLT:] [[FLT:] [FLT]] noma [FLT] [FL:6] CDB [FT] [FT] [5] [ix7] izilinganiso zendawo senyukn
Ukuxoxa futhi kungadala umbala ohlukile. Amazwi abhuqayo eFrance angathambisa usongo lwesigebengu, asenze sibonakale sifana. Inguqulo yesiJalimane engokoqobo ingakhipha ihlaya lobuwula bayo, ishintshe iphimbo lisuke engqamuzaneni libase okhunini. Nakuba lokhu kukhetha kungavamile ukuzama ukuguqula incazelo yendaba, kufaka iqoqo emzweni wokuthi ubukele uhlobo oluhlukile lomsebenzi.
Indlela Abalandeli Bezinto Zasendaweni Abathola Ngayo Izinguqulo Zabo
I-amime fandom yaseJalimane ibilokhu ikhuluma ngegebe phakathi kwegebe lokuqala nebizwa ngokuthi umsindo. Ama-Forum avame ukusakaza ukucushwa kwamahlelo, futhi imikhankaso yezokuxhumana ikhuthaza abamemezeli ukuba bakhiphe izinhlelo ezibhalwe ngokufushanisiwe. Umbono wokuthi ama-dub aseJalimane ngokuvamile awaziboni izibukeli ezihlukene ngokomzwelo zenza ukuba kube khona izibukeli eziningi − ikakhulukazi labo abangaphansi kwamashumi amathathu . Lokhu kuveza i-palimeom.
EFrance, ubuhlobo buvumelana kakhulu. Izinkampani zokudlala zaseFrance zitshala imali ngokufaka ucingo lwezintambo futhi zithintana njalo ne-divosi. Imihlangano enjenge-Japan Expo dub abaqondisi be-iround nabadlali bephimbo, ekhuthaza umuzwa wokuthembana. Nakuba ikhona, abalandeli abaningi bamukela ngokuzithandela i-cub yesiFulentshi njengencazelo esemthethweni. I-Italy iyaziqhayisa mhlawumbe ngokunamathela okukhulu kakhulu kumadubesi ayo. Izizukulwane zakhula zikhula zizwana nabalingiswa abazwayo abanjengoVegeta noma Lupin, futhi lawomazwi aphathwa njengamalungu ahlukene.
Ngaphesheya kwemingcele, imiphakathi iphindisela emuva ekucushweni ngokweqile kokuhlola futhi igubha ukutholakala okukhula kokukhetha okungacushiwe. Ukwanda okuqhubekayo kwezingosi eziqhathanisa ama-dub amaningi − njenge 'Anime News Network[ i-encyclopedia kanye nomphakathi we-aums-emperors [izibuthe ukuzenzela izinqumo ezinolwazi ngenguquko ezingabukwa.]
Izakhiwo Zemboni Nezinselele Eziyaluzayo
Amaqiniso ezomnotho emishini yokudambisa i-amine ethonya indlela nesizathu sokuba ama-sub ahluke. EJalimane, intengo yasendulo iye yahlukaniswa phakathi kwabamemezeli abakhulu abathola amacatalog amabhuleki namabhulathi amancane anakekela abaholi bezindawo eziphezulu. Lokhu okuhlukahlukanisiwe ngezinye izikhathi kwakusho ukuthi uchungechunge olugunyazwe ividiyo ekhaya lungathola i-transmitted, ibiza i-transfective dub ewuza inzuzo, kanti lona lelo gama eFrance noma e-Italy lingazuza emiqulwini emikhulu yentengo yentengiso kanye nemali engcono kakhulu yokukhiqiza.
IFrance izuza emdlalweni ophakeme wokuthengisa i-appime kanye nenhlanganisela enkulu yabaqondisi abanolwazi. Amakhampani anjenge Ividiyo Yasekhaya ne@Anime[ yakha amacatalog aphatha izwi njengesici esibalulekile. Amakhabethe ase-Italy asebenza njengemboni emboni, axhaswe abamemezeli abakhulu abathiwa yiDynit ne Yamato Vide, alondoloza isiko eliqinile lokuphonsa umdlali owelele ngaphesheya kwe-sequels, eqinisekisa ukuqhubekeka kwezwi elikhuthaza ukwethembeka., ngokwehlukile, ngokwezinye, ukushintsha izwi phakathi kwemibhobhozo lapho ama-layisensertie, ama-acervertive, i-diacer, i-dultb enziwayo.
Amapulatifomu agelezayo anjenge-Crunchychyroll (i-Crunchyroll dubs) ne-Netflix aqala ukwenza izinhlelo ezivamile kanye kanye kanye kanye kanye izilimi ezingu-66, ngezinye izikhathi athumela ama-German, isiFulentshi, ne-Italian dub ezisuka kuphayiphini lokukhiqiza imbulunga yonke. Nakuba lokhu kungathuthukisa isikhathi, kungalulaza futhi ukudambisa impucuko yendawo ehlukile ethandwayo ezweni ngalinye. Ngisho noma, ukutholakala kwemikhondo eminingi yomsindo ecwecweni elilodwa noma emfuleni manje kunikeza izingcingo ezingakaze ziqhathaniswe futhi zikhethe.
Ikusasa Le - Anime Igadla Ngaphesheya KweJalimane, IFrance Ne - Italy
Intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe nokushintsha kwemikhuba yokubuka ibuye inciphe kunyakatho weYurophu. AIÍ ehambisana namathuluzi okuhumusha asiza ababhali ababhalayo ukuba bahlangabezane nezikhathi ezisheshayo, kodwa ikhono lomuntu lokusungula izinto lisebalulekile ekubambeni umbhalo ongezansi. Njengoba isizukulwane esakhula kuma-fandub singena ezweni elinolwazi oluphambili, kunemfutho esobala yokuthembeka okukhulu. Izindawo zokuhlola zaseJalimane, ikakhulukazi, zizama izinguqulo eziseduze kanye nombhalo wokuqala kanye nokungangenisimisi umsindo, zisabela ekucindezeleni okubangelwa yizimbimbi.
IFrance ne-Italy iyaqhubeka ifaka izimali emaphini ayo abonisa amandla afanayo e-pitle, nezikole ezisebenzayo ezinikeza izifundo ezikhethekile. Umphumela umphumela ungabaculi abasha abaqonda kokubili imfuno yobuchwepheshe ye-ADR kanye nobukhulu bempucuko yabalingiswa abathandekayo. Okwamanje, ukukhula kwe-antime embulungeni yonke kuye kwaholela ekubeni kube nezimo eziningi lapho izakhiwo zaseYurophu zokuhlanganisa lapho abakhi bemidali baseJapane besebenzisa khona i-prepÍproject, okwenza ukuba kuncipheke isidingo kamuva sezindawo ezinzima.
Ekugcineni, izinguqulo ze-antimie zaseJalimane, isiFulentshi, neyase-Italy aziwona amaphutha okufanele alungiswe kodwa izincwadi eziphilayo zendlela impucuko ngayinye ehlanganisa ngayo ukulandisa kwezindaba zamaJapane. Ngokuqonda umlando, ubuciko, nezimpikiswano ezingemva kwenhlanganisela ngayinye, uzuza ukwazisa okukhulu nge-apimes () futhi umqondo ocacile wesizathu sokuba umboniso ofanayo uzizwe uhlukile kuye ngokuthi uthandani lapho ufaka khona imidlalo.