Indlela i-amime efinyelela ngayo izibukeli zaseYurophu ayikaze ibe yindawo eyodwa elingana nayo yonke uhambo. Kusukela ekuqaleni ngqá ukusakazwa kwemifanekiso yaseJapane, abaqondisi bezwe, abagcini besango besizwe, nokushintsha kwezimfundiso ezingokomthetho kuye kwaqopha i-octive. Ezinye zibonisa ukuthi zafika zingenakho; ezinye zaqoshwa, zaphinde zakhuthuka, noma zathathwa ngokuphelele ngenxa yokwesaba kwendawo ngobudlova, izithombe zobulili, noma ngisho nefilosofi. IYurophu ayizange iphendule ngezwi elilodwa. Yasabela ngemidwebo yemithetho, futhi ukuthi i-roname ikhona nanamuhla. Ukuqonda ukuthi lokho kwenzeka kanjani, nokuthi kusho ukuthini ngempela ngalokho okubonayo esibukweni, kudinga ukulandele umlando wezentengo yomthetho, ukucukunga, ukuvala i-projective, ukuvala i-fla, nokugcina imiphakathi ephilayo.

Isisekelo Somsebenzi Wokubhapathiza: Indlela I - Anime Engenelwe Ngayo EMthethweni WaseYurophu

Isivinini saseJapane asizange singene ngokukhululekile eYurophu. Uma izihloko ezifana Kimba iWhite Lion, Ijubane , futhi[[FLT]] i-Marine Boy [[FLT:] [5]] yaqala ukuphumela kusihlwa kusihlwa ngemva konyaka ka-1960 nasekuqaleni konyaka ka-1970, yafika ezwekazini lapho ithelevishini yayilawulwa kakhulu khona futhi ilawulwa kakhulu. IFrance, i-Italy, neSpain ngokushesha yaba izimemezelo ezinkulu, ibonise izibukeli ezishisekayo ezifuna amahlandla. Kodwa imishini engokomthetho ngemva kwalezo zimpahla ezingenisiwe yayinosheleleka kakhulu. Ama-compettractive ayesayinwa njalo kumahazensi ezwe ezwe elinolwazi (ipcc, i-CPic, i-cod, i-mediadium, imidlalo empompoto, i-od, imidlalo, imidlalo, manje, nenyela, imidlalo, kanye nezinyekayo

Kuma 1970, ithelevishini yaseFrance yasakazwa kabanzi, kodwa impumelelo yabangela futhi ukuphambana kwempucuko kokuqala. Amaqembu abazali akhathazeke kakhulu ngezithombe zezithombe ze- (inguquko edumile ye[FLT]] UFO COTROBOS Grendizer[]) kunezilinganiso ezinkulu, kodwa futhi impumelelo yale midlalo yabangela ukuba izingane ziphelelwe amandla. Amaqembu amaqembu angokomthetho amaqembu nabazali akhathazeke kakhulu ngobudlova bezithombe zezithombe zezithombe ze - robothi. Zazingekho izimiso zenkathi engokomthetho zemishini yezenziwe kwamanye amazwe, ngakho ababhuli benziwa ngezikhathi ezithile, izigcawuli, besaba ukuthi izingane noma ukuhlola inqubo yokuhlela. Isisekelo esingokomthetho sokuhlela okunjalo sasigcwele kakhulu, ngokuvamile sasiwubuthubele semithetho ezindaweni ezisezweni zesizwe.

Iminyaka Ka - 1980 No - 1990: Ukwethamela Izwe Kuba Yisicefe

Phakathi kuka-19980, i-anime yaba nenqala eqinile kuhlelo lwabantwana baseYurophu, futhi kwaba njalo nangesigelekeqe. i-Italy, eyangenisa amakhulu ochungechunge, yaba nedumela elibi kakhulu lokuhlela kwayo okunzima. Ngo- 1985, i-impi promorance anye[[[[FLT:]] Alpen Rose[FLT] [FLT] [1] [u-Afut] [u-1] wanquma ukususa izinhlu zezindawo ezahlulelwa kakhulu ngokomzwelo izingane. [iminyaka embalwa kamuva], [[FLT] Hoku ku-Ken [[FFFFFFF] [ev:] [eyinani] [enye imfu] [enye imfu] [enye imfuculo] [empela iMikhulu] [Fodrome] [inse] [inse] [inde]) izihloko eziningi ze-Enyu , noma i-Expressult, ngokuvamile kakhulu, ngokuvamile, ibizwa kakhulu kakhulu kakhulu kakhulu, yayibekwe kanye i-Exfu

Okuhlangenwe nakho kwe-Spain kwafana nalendlela. Umsakazi we-TV wezwe, ngaphansi kokucindezela okuvela emaqenjini omkhaya abambelele kakhulu, waveza iphimbo elifanayo elibonisa ubulili elivela ku iSail Moon futhi wafaka phansi ukushaqeka komzimba okungokomfanekiso []] uSaint Seiya[[FLT]]]. Ngokuvamile, lezizimo zazingaqinisekwa noma zikhanyane. Izilaleli zaseYurophu ngokuvamile zazingenawo umqondo wokuthi zibukele umkhiqizo owesayo. Isimo esingokomthetho ngokuvamile sasixhomeke ezilungiselelweni zezingane ezidluliselwe emibhalweni yemithetho, kodwa ukuntu isimiso sokuhlola esihlangene kwakusho ukuthi uchungechunge olungasakazwani ezweni elilodwa futhi cishe lungakhanyiswe ngokulinganayo. I-Vvan ephumayo kamuva, i-injini ephumayo ephumayo empondweni ye-injini yokuqala, ifuna ukuba kube khona i-injini yokuqala ye-Vvan.

Kwango-1990 futhi kwaba khona ukuphikisana kokuqala okukhulu komgunyathi. Njengoba ukuthandwa kwe-anime kwanda, kanjalo nokusakazwa okungakholeki. Amakhasethi athambile asakazwa kabanzi, futhi abaxhasi bamalungelo amaJapane, abasanda kuhlelwa ngaphansi kwezivumelwano ze-IP eziqinile zomhlaba wonke, baqala ukusunduza emuva. I-Bern Convention ne-TRIPS Agree yawanika isandla esiqinile, kodwa ukugcinwa kwemithetho yayo yangaphakathi yaqina kakhulu, kodwa izimakethengiso eziningi ezincane zaseYurophu zazingenantando noma izindlela zokuxosha zonke izitolo zevidiyo ze-cottleg.

Kusukela Emsebenzini Onzima Kuya Enqubweni: Ukwakha Imisebenzi Yezomthetho

Ukungahleleki kwezindawo zonyaka ka-1980 nowama-1990 kwaqala kancane kancane ukuhlelwa, uma kusahlukene, indawo engokomthetho. Umshini we-European Union womthetho waqala ukulimaza imithetho ethile, kodwa ukuhlukana kwezizwe kwaqhubeka. Itshe lesisekelo lemithetho yesikhathi samanje liyi I-Media Servicess Njective (AVMSD), ethathiwe kuqala ngo-2018. Lemithetho ibophelwe ukuvikela izingane ezingokwayo kuyithelevishini nakuyikho okuyingozi, kuyivideo y-pregponed ne-panetic protectives. Ibeka phansi, hhayi phansi, hhayi ngophahla.[FLT] Ingenza imithetho eqinile, futhi eminingi.

Ukuze ubone ukuthi lokhu kudlala kanjani, cabangela uchungechunge olulodwa: Ukuhlasela iTitan. EFrance, iConseil supérieur de l’audiovisuel (CSA) ekuqaleni yabela uhlelo “alutuswanga ngesilinganiso esingaphansi kuka-612", kodwa ngemva kokukhononda ngokulwa kwe-injini ye-isceceral nezindlela ezinkulu, yashukunyiselwa ekubeni i-deo 1616\ ne-loudio nerover. E-British Board, e-Board, e-BB (ejovern, i-Fregde (Fregstruebstrust dershoftschafts) ngenxa yesilinganiso esincane se-Rlaves 16, kodwa ezinye izinguqulo zisezinsuzungeza igazi eliqinile ukuba zigweme inkathi yokusetshenziswa kwe-Enyunyuke. I-Boboard BB i-Ejover emisha (ev) emisha) emishani esekhaya, i-fuzedwa kanye neyase-fu, i-funsi,

Lemikhakha yanamuhla elawula imithetho yaseYurophu ebusa futhi uxwebhu olusemthethweni, ukuhwebelana, kanye nesivikelo semininingwane. Ngokwesibonelo, ukuqiniswa kwamalungelo e-IP enqamule imingcele manje kuxhomeke ezisetshenziswani ezifana I-Enthordement (2004/48/EC) kanye nentsha [ eqondisa iQuedelayo kuQuembu elisemgwaqweni we-Oligister . Lemithetho iye yalola amathuluzi emboni ngokumelene nokungangenisi nokwenziswa kwe-hele, kodwa ithinta nokuthi amapulatifomu afana ne-Crunchull, Netflix, ne-Prime-Amazodimetic proces productives[Frimes proces proces productives productives.[Frimes]

Inkathi Ebanzi: Ukusakazwa Kwembulunga Yonke, Ukwakhiwa Kwendawo

I-Global Global, ngokwesimanga, yenza umehluko wokuhlola ukwenzeka, hhayi kancane. Amapulatifomu angenza ukuchazwa kohlelo olufanayo ku-EU yonke izikhokhelo, kodwa ngokwesiko kumelwe asebenzise imithetho eminingi ye-operation. ngokwesibonelo, aphathe i-aimaine “ezenza ubudlova” noma“ ukuzifaka ubudlova” ngokuzifaka indivaze” ngendlela efana nsé, eholela amapulatifomu ekungeni kwemidwe yezihloko ezithile noma ukunikeza inguquko ehleliwe emhlabeni wonke. [[FLT] [[FLT:], equkethe ubudlova obusobala nokuxhashazwa ngokobulili, enqatshelwe ngokuphelele eJalimane futhi encishiswe kakhulu kwamanye amazwe amaningi namuhla; i-ovationstions, ngisho neyamunyuswayo yezizwe eziningi.

Lendlela yokusebenzisa izisekelo ezisebenzisa amandla ukuze zenze ukukhetha okwakungadingeki ukuba kucatshangelwe izizukulwane zakudala zabakhi be-aime. Imikhiqizo manje iklanywe njalo “nabaphathi” abaningi: inguquko ephephe kakhulu yaseJapane, inguquko yomhlaba wonke enemijovo ethile kakade ebekwe phansi, futhi kwezinye izimo “enzima” efuna ushintsho olukhulu. Intombazane yomlingo ibizwa ngokuthi iphephile, ayilona ukuzivikela. Njengoba i-Preat iMagella Maca Magica ibhekene nokuhlola okukhulu kwemizwayo engokomzimba, futhi ngisho nokunye okude kakhulu. [FLT] [FLT] [FFF:] [F] [FLT] [FF]

I-AVMSD yamuva ibuye isunduze iziteshi ze-video ezithwebulayo njenge-YouTube ne-Twitch ukuze ithole izimiso ezinamandla zeminyaka engu-666 kanye neziqukethe. Ngo-ante, lokhu kusho ukuthi ngisho nezinja ezingokomthetho, amakharavani, nama-AMV, zingabanjwa ngezihluku ezisebenza ngemishini. Okuqukethwe yi-Fontshopu egcwele isuswa njalo noma inkathi enqunywe, umkhuba oye wabangela ukukhungathekisa kwemiphakathi yaseYurophu enomuzwa wokuthi ikhono layo lokuxoxa nokugubha i-amime lisenziwa amaphoyisa ngendlela engenabulungisa.

Ukuqhakaza, Ubuhlanya, Nokuzivelela Kwefandomu

Akukho sici somlando we-ayime ebhalwe ngokomthetho noma esinenzuzo njengendawo yokulawula. Ngaphambi kokuba kube khona izikhawu ezingokomthetho, i-peant translated menutes kwakuyindlela ewukuphela kwezikhulumi zesizwe saseJaphanian ezingezona i-Japanan ukuba zingene ngochungechunge oluningi. Amaqembu amavolontiya, ngokuvamile axhunywe nge-IRC incoko ne-webfory yakuqala, angahumusha, isikhathi, futhi adlulisele izenzakalo, azisakaza nge-Usenet, Bittorrent, futhi akhuphela ngokuqondile. Nakuba ama-wibb ayengenamgunyaza ngaphansi komthetho waseYurophu, ayesebenza endaweni emhlophe esemthethweni iminyaka eminingi: ukugcinwa kokugcinwa kwemithetho, futhi abantu abaningi ababenenkululeko ekuqaleni babeguqula amehlo ngenxa yokuthengisa ama-ub babesebenzisa izimeya zezente nabathengi.

I-détente ayizange igcine. Njengoba imakethe yokudayisa e-Europe ivuthwe, amakomiti okukhiqiza amaJapane namalayisense aseYurophu aqala ukucindezela. Phakathi nawo-620000, ukuhlanganisa ukumiswa komthetho kwavala izakhiwo eziningi ezinkulu zokusakaza ama-fandub, futhi ama-ISP ayalwa ukuba avimbe ukufinyelela eBitTorrenter Relation. I-UK’s Digital Economy Act kanye nomthetho waseFrance i-HADOPI wasungula izinqubo zokuthwesa iziqu zabantwana ezinkulu ezazisongela ukuphindwa ngokuphindwa ngenkomba noma i-Internetting. IP’s EU'IP'EFrocective Reservation yalimaza umthetho, yenza kube lula ukulandela amalungelo okumelene nendawo ephakathi nendawo emelene ne-priverceace.

Nokho, ukuphoqelela isandla semboni ye-animake ngendlela engenakukhohliswa. Ijubane nezinga lemishini yokukhipha i-ant hinfodbde kwabonisa isidingo esinciphileyo sokuthi ama-dial akudala ayesephuzekile, ama-DVD e-DVD e-panclevwed awasoze asutha. Lokhu kushintsha kunciphisa ngokuphawulekayo isifiso samakhophi angekho emthethweni phakathi kwezibukeli, nakuba imifula enomsindo isalokhu igcwele iziqu ze-Crunchyroll noWakhaning (manje engene eCrunchroll) ibuka indlela yokuzihambela, iveza izenzakalo ezibekwe ngokwezekelele emahoreni ezweni amaJapane. Lokhu kunciphisa ngokuphawulekayo isifiso sawo wonke amakhophi angekho emthethweni phakathi kwezindawo ezibukeli noma iziqu zemali ezingahlolwanga. Ifa lesizwe laseYurophu elihlala njalo lilindele ukubukwa kwezeli futhi lilindele ukuthandwa kwezentengo emboni manje.

Indlela Ulimi Nezindaba Zase - Anime Ezilolongwa Ngayo

Ingalo ende yezindinganiso zokusakaza zaseYurophu ayizange nje ishintshe izigcawu ezithile; yathonya iDNA yokwakha ye-ane ngokwayo. Iziteshi zaseJapane, ezazizazi kakhulu izimakethe zazo zokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, zaqala ukudweba ngokungenangqondo izinto ezazizohamba ngezindlela zokusakaza zaphesheya. Ngamuva kuka-80, abakhi abafana noGo Naga (]] Mazinger Z[[[FLT:]],[[FLT:]]] uDeveliman [[FLT: 3]] neLei Mato Mato ([FLT])) futhi kwakwenziwa ukuba kusetshenziswe ubudlova bangaphandle, futhi kwaguqulwa imibuzo encibilikayo. ” Izindlela ezingcono kakhulu zaseYurophu zazinciswe ukuguqula inguquko.[FLT] [FLT] [FF][7][5][FFFFFF] [fkt] [fkt] [fkt] [ip] [ip] [ip] [ip] [ip] Izindlela zokulungisa] Izindlela

Lokhu kuguqukela akubonakali ngaso sonke isikhathi. KukaKaputeni Harlock, ngokwesibonelo, amadub aseFrance nama-Italy athambisa i-antíritarian divertive, afaka uphayiphi emkhathini njengempi elula kakhulu. Lapho [[FLT] [[FLT]] uGunster wafika e-Yurophu, impi nempula ka-ka, futhi ukufa kwendiza kwasuswa, futhi ukuphakama kwe-paneonsun ngezinye izikhathi kwasuswa kanye kanye nokuvumelana ne-ibhungane kwe-Europe. Lezinguquko ezincane zanezela. Ngonyaka ka-1990ya, “ukunqunyuko” olusobala lwenguquko ye-Eunim, futhi luye lwakhula kakhulu, futhi luye lukhula kaninzi olumnyama kunezezezelale ndawo yaseYurophu.

Studios njengo Gaineax noToei bafunda ukuveza izigcawu eziningi eziyinhloko phakathi nokukhiqizwa, ukulindela ukufunwa kokucushwa. Umphumela waba yisimiso sokuhlola ezimbili: ukusakaza kwethelevishini kunikezelwe inguquko ethambile, kuyilapho ividiyo yasekhaya ikhulula i-(sfensing torefement system) ezimisweni ezihlukahlukene , yanikeza “ukunganqunyulwa” kwabalandeli ababefuna. Lokhu kuphehla amandla kwenza ukuba umthengi athengise emakethekini futhi kwanyusa omagazini abadumile abanjenge-France’s .[FLD], okwaveza ngokuconotha umehluko phakathi kwezinguqulo. Ulwazi lwalokho okwashintshwa kwaba yisimo sezeko lenhloko yenkanyezi eYurophu.

Ukusabela Kwezentengiselwano Nempi Eqhubekayo Ye - Tugˈof masango

Abahluli baseYurophu sekuyisikhathi eside bezama ukulinganisela ukuvumelana ngokomthetho namathemba athandwayo, futhi imiphumela ivame ukuphazamisa. Lapho iFederal Review Board yaseJalimane ivimbela ukuthengiswa kwe Urotsudoji[ uchungechunge lwe-OVA ngaphansi kwemithetho evimbela ukuboniswa kobudlova obukhulu obungokobulili, imakethe emnyama yamakhasethi aqalayo. Ukwabelwa kwe- u-Neon Genesis Evangelion[FLT] [FLT] wakhutshwa izinyanga eziningi lapho iziphathimandla zithubele ububanzi bazo obungamandla nezingakhombi ezingqondweni zazo zengqondo nenkolo. E Y, i-BFC, ukwenqaba ukwenqaba ukudlula i-[FFFF] [FFFF: [FT] ukukhululwa kwenguquko enciphe kakhulu, ukuda inguquko enkulu kakhulu ngemva kwenguquko futhi ngokuncitshiswa kwenguquko.

Imakethe yanamuhla egcwele ukudayisa i-antimime ihlukene kakhulu kunakuqala, kodwa futhi isilinganiso seminyaka sisobala kakhulu. Isilinganiso seminyaka se-NATII, BFC, FSK, nezinye izindikimba ziboniswa ngemiboniso ebanzi, zinikeza izibukeli umqondo onzima walokho okumelwe zikulindele. I-Platforms futhi isebenzisa izimemo ezingaphakathi zokufaka izihloko ezithile zezihloko ezithile, njengokuthi “ubudlova,”” kanye“ nombono wobulili obungokobulili obufana nobe-B,” nezixwayiso. Lezi ziwumphumela oqondile wempi yokuhlola yakudala. Izelelwe ukuthi izilaleli zihlukene futhi ukuvinjelwa okuphelele akusebenzi kahle. Kodwa umthetho uqobo usafaka: lapho izwe elifana ne-Hungary ufaka umthetho ovimbela ubungqingili, i-LGB, ngezindlela eziningi, izihloko eziwuthola ngokunye ngokunye ukuvinjelwe ngomthetho.

Lokho Ikusasa Elikuphethe

Uhambo lwe-Anime olungokomthetho nolwezokuhlola iYurophu lusekude kakhulu. I-Europe Commission ilungisa umthetho wayo we-digital à àgessions, futhi ukudlala phakathi koMthetho we-Digital Services, i-AVMD, nemithetho yezwe iyokwakha amaphuzu amasha okukhuhlana. Amathuluzi okuhlakanipha aqala ukulungiselelwa ukulinganisela okungaphakathi okuzenzekelayo, kuphakamisa ukuhlonishwa kokuvalwa kwezakhiwo ezingaphezu kuka-667 nokwenziwa kokususwa kwemifanekiso esemthethweni ebekwe ngemithetho engenakuqonda umongo we-mqongo.

Kubalandeli, isifundo somlando sisobala: i-ayimi efika ku-screen yakho iwumkhiqizo wengxoxo eyinkimbinkimbi. Inguquko oyibukayo iklanywe yizimemezelo zenkantolo, ukuphambana kwempucuko, ngemvume yamalungelo asemthethweni yokuyeka ukuthatha ama-applay, kanye nokulawula okunamandla kwabalandeli abafuna ukuba bangasikwa. Ngalowomqondo, zonke izici ze-amime esakazayo noma egobhoza eYurophu ziyisikhumbuzo esincane sempikiswano ehlala njalo yezwekazini lokuhlanganisa isilinganiso esingenamkhawulo semiqondo lamaJapan nemingcele eqondile yemithetho yalo siqu.