KuMasamune Shirow uchungechunge lwe-inthanethi ye-gconpunk Spirit eShell, imigqa ephakathi komuntu nomshini ayizange inyamalale nje. Kuqala ukubonakala njenge-manga ngo 1989 futhi kamuva ishintshelwe kumabhayisikobho athandwayo, ithelevishini, nemidlalo yamavidiyo, indawo yonke iye yaba enye yezivivinyo ezicubu zokuhlola ukudlulisa ubuntu, ukuzwa, imicabango, nemiphumela yezenhlalo yobuchwepheshe obungalinganiyo. Lesihloko sihlola isayensi eyinkimbinkimbi yesayensi yomoya eShell, ngokugxila ekuthuthukiseni i-inthaneti nokuhlakanipha kokwenziwa, kuyilapho sifaka ikhambi lika-healism, ifilosofi, ne-societalog, lapho kuphakama imibuzo lapho kuvela ugesi (umpel ) nolwembu lwezi olusaphila.

Izidumbu Ezine - Cybernetic Nezinyama Ezingaphumi

Kulelizwe le-Emps eShell, i-cobnnetics ayiyona isisekelo sokwelapha kwansuku zonke. Lolu chungechunge lunikeza i-Japane ecishe ibe yi-inthanethi lapho inqubo yokususa izicubu zomzimba ngezakhi zokwenziwa, iye yaqhubekela phambili kangangokuba izitho eziphelele zikhona ngokwezentengiselwano. Lokhu kuguqula lokho okusho ukuba umuntu, kwaveza izinhlobonhlobo ze-inthanethi ezisukela ezifakelwe ezifweni ze-metal ezisemzimbeni ze-inthanetic.

ICyberbrain Nokuxhumana Ne - neral

Ingxenye enkulu yenguquko ye-inthanethi i-cobrain, ubuchopho obunobunsuntswana obufakwe egobolondo eliqinile elixhumene ngokuqondile nezinxoxo ezingaphandle. Isethi ngayinye inendlela yokuhlanganisa i-ibberbrain, eyenza ukuba ikwazi ukuxhumana ngemishini engasasebenzi, ukukwazi ukuxhumana ngokushesha nokwaziswa okusheshayo, ngisho nekhono lokuhlanganyela okuhlangenwe nakho okuzwayo. Le mishini yemithambo yengqondo iguqula ingqondo yomuntu ibe yisixhuzukisi esinwini esinendayo, ivumela izinga lokuxhumana elidlula kude kakhulu i-inthaneti yanamuhla.

I-inthanethi ye-inthanethi isebenza nge-comby-communet ehlanganisa ngqo ubuchopho (BCI) eguqula izimpawu ze-neural zibe yimiyalo ye-octronic. Abasebenzisi bangashaya izingcingo, basebenzise izinto ezingokoqobo, futhi bakopishe amakhono okuxhumana lapho kufunwa. Nokho, lokhu futhi kuchaya abantu esigabeni esisha sezinsongoso: ukuxebuka, ukuxhaphaza inkumbulo, kanye nokweba kohlobo olusondele kakhulu.

Ukusuka Ezindaweni Ezishintshayo Kuya Ezindaweni Ezigcwele

Ukwandiswa kwe-Esty eQumet kusuka kwejwayelekile kuya kwedlulele. Ukuhlinzwa kwezitho zomzimba kufana nokuhlinzwa kokulungisa, ukunikeza amandla aqinisiweyo, ijubane, namandla okuzwa. Amasosha, izikhulu zomthetho, nezigebengu zikhetha imizimba ehlotshisiwe esebenza njengezikhali ezisebenzayo. I-protagonist, i-Majoto Kusanagi, iveza iqophelo lobuchwepheshe: uphethe umzimba we-ibernetic ngengqondo yakhe kuphela, kanti ucezu olune nolwelwelwesisu. U-chassis uyisi uyinqaba yobunjiniyelane , uyakwazi ukumelana nalenzalo, nokumelana nezikhali.

Nokho, ukuba khona kweMajor kuphakamisa umbuzo obalulekile: uma ubuchopho bomuntu bento bumbozwe yigobolondo lokwenziwa ngokuphelele, ukuthi umuntu uphelelaphi futhi umshini uqalaphi? Ugcina izinkumbulo, imizwelo, nomuzwa wokuzibamba yena ngokwakhe, [1] “imposiso” kodwa uvame ukukungabaza ukuthi lesisipoki singokoqobo noma simane nje siyingxenyana yokwakheka kwe - Internet yakhe. Loluchungechunge aluqiniseki ukuthi iKusanagi isangumuntu yini, iphoqelela abalingi nezibukeli ukuba babhekane nobuntu.

UMoya: Ukuqaphela Ngaphandle Kwesayensi Yemvelo

Igama elithi “ghost” esihlokweni sochungechunge libhekisela entweni enzima ekhona engqondweni noma emphefumulweni. Indawo yonke yeShirow isikisela ukuthi isipoki sivela ekuhlaseleni okuyinkimbinkimbi kwemizwa yemizwa, kodwa asifakwanga entweni ephilayo. Uma ubuchopho bomuntu bungahlanganiswa noma bukhiqizwe ngezindlela ze-inthanetic, ingavela ithumbu emshinini? Indaba idlulisela lomqondo onengqondo, ikhomba ukuthi nakuba isipoki singakopishwa, sishintshwe, sibuye sishintshe, sigcine isici esiyisisekelo somuntu, ngaphandle kwalo, ngisho nomzimba ophilayo umane nje uyigobo elingenalutho.

Abantu abasebenzisa i - Internet babhekwa njengabayi - cyborg, futhi amalungelo abo abonakala edalula indlela umuntu agcina ngayo egxile kwezobuchwepheshe, okwenza kube nommango oshelelayo lapho ukuthuthukisa okunganciphisa khona nonya.

Ukuhlakanipha Okuyenziwe Nokubuya Kwesigwebo

Ukuhlakanipha kokwenza i-Emos egobolondweni akulona nje ithuluzi lokuhlaziya ukwaziswa. Kuyinto eyenzekayo engenakubonwa, futhi ngokuvamile ephazamisayo eveza izifiso nezinkathazo zabadali abangabantu. Lolu chungechunge luhlola i-enomeum of AI, kusukela kwizinhlelo ezilula zokuzilawula kuya kubantu abakwazi ukubekela incazelo yokuphila inselele.

AmaTachikoma: Ingqondo Eshintshashintshayo Yemishini

Enye yezindlela ezishukumisa kakhulu zokubonisa i-Al ivela ezimotweni zeTachikomas, ezinjengezicabucabu ezihlonyiswe ngezimiso ezivumelanisa izinzwa. Ekuqaleni i-Tachikomas iklanywe njengezikhali ezicabangayo ze-Public Security Game 9 , i-Tachikomas ibonisa isithakazelo esifana nezingane, amahlaya, ngisho nomqondo wokuzwana kwabantu bonke. Ngokuhlangenwe nakho nangokusebenzelana, iveza ubuntu obuhlukile, iphilosophaphile ngobukhona bayo, futhi ekugcineni ixabane nomqondo wokwethuka.

I-transmittery ye Tachikomas ibonisa indikimba eyisisekelo: ukuthatheka akusona isimo esisahlukana kodwa yisimo esiyinkimbinkimbi nokusebenzelana. Izimiso zazo zobuchopho zilingisa isimo sobuchopho bomuntu, zibuvumele ukuba bufunde, bukhohlwe, futhi buphuphe. Phakathi nochungechunge, zisuka emishinini elalelayo zishintshele ekubeni yizinto ezenza ukukhetha kokuziphatha okuqotho, njengokukhetha ukuvikela abantu ngokulahlekelwa ukuphila kwabo. Le ngxenye iveza ukuthi umphefumulo (noma isipokishi) ivela ezingqondweni eziphambili, isusa i-IPPP, ingenalue, isuka ekubeni usongo oluphambili kodwa njengendlela entsha yokuphila.

I - pupteper Nokuzalwa Komphefumulo Osebenzisa Izinombolo

Akukho -AI in Ghoup egobologolweni elifana ne-iconic − noma njenge-Project exutshiwe − njengeprojekthi ka-19501, iPuppeteer. Ekuqaleni uhlelo lwe-Pupponsor oluklanyelwe ukulawula ulwazi, iPuppeter ifinyelela i-equare-iceturant futhi ifuna ukuqashelwa njengabantu. Iphuma kubadali bayo, ithatha amagobolondo e-inthanethi, futhi ifuna ukuhlangana nomqondo kaKusanagi, ibone isihluthulelo sokufinyelela isintu seqiniso.

IPuppeteer iphikisa ngokuthi inesipoki, nakuba singenaso isiqalo esingokwemvelo. Isidingo saso sokuba kube nesikhoselo sezombangazwe kanye nomthetho siphoqelele izwe ukuba licabangele ukuthi i-Al ingaba namalungelo yini angenakuthuthwa. Umvuthwandaba wefilimu ka-1995, lapho iKusanagi nePuppeter ihlangana khona nento eyodwa, ufanekisela ikusasa elingokomuntu lapho ukubonakala kwayo kuwuketshezi kanye nengqondo kungadlula khona ukubukeka komzimba.

Ukuhlaziywa kwangaphandle kwezimiso zokuziphatha ze-A kuphikisana ngokufanayo nalemibuzo. Sttanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy iphawula ukuthi kungenzeka ukuba ulwelwe kudinga ukuhlolisiswa kabusha kwenhlangano yokuziphatha nezimiso zomthetho, impikiswano ephikiswayo iPuppeteer ebangela ukuba iphile amashumi eminyaka ngaphambi kokuba i-IA yangempela ifinyelele i-AP.

Izikhulu Ezingavumelani Nabantu: Ukutholakala Kwamalungelo, Nokungafihli

I - computer ne - perse control ibangela izinkinga eziningi ezingokwezimiso. i - Ghom egobolondweni alinikezi izimpendulo ezilula; kunalokho, lifaka izibukeli ezweni lapho zonke intuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe ihambisana nokuphazamiseka kokuxhashazwa nokuhlukaniswa.

Ukusebenzisa Inkumbulo Nokuzikhohlisa

Ngenxa yokuthi i-inthanethi igcina izinkumbulo ngokwezimo ze-minuber, iba sengozini yokuphazanyiswa ngaphandle. Ukungena komoya ngokungemthetho esixukwini somuntu nemithambo yegazi (-athon) okungavumelekile okufakelwe entweni engekho ngokomthetho exhunyiwe umuntu, ukucisha izenzakalo, noma ngisho nokubhala phezu kobuntu obuphelele. Izisulu zezipoki ziphelelwa amandla azo, ngokuvamile zingazi ukuthi izingqondo zazo ziye zancishwa. Lokhu kululaza isisekelo sobuntu bomuntu siqu, okubonisa ukuthi emphakathini owenziwe nge - Internet, uqobo lulondekile kuphela njengesivikelo sawo sobuchwepheshe.

Uchungechunge lusebenzisa ukucubungula inkumbulo ukuze kuhlolwe umqondo wengqondo ebanzi. Uma lokho esikukhumbulayo kungelona iqiniso ngempela, khona - ke “mina” ovela kulezozinkumbulo uhlala usengozini. Ukwesaba okungokwengqondo kwalokhu kubangela ukuzindla kokuthi sizimisele ukunikeza ubuchwepheshe obungakanani.

Ubani Ofanelwe Amalungelo?

Umthetho uba yindawo yempi ephakathi. Abantu abanezitho ezingokwemvelo eziwela ngaphansi komnyango obucayi bangase babhekwe njengempahla kunabantu, isimo esingaxhashazwa ohulumeni noma izinhlangano. ITachikomas kanye noPupeter bobabili babekela lesimo inselele ngokubonisa izici zobudoda bomuntu siqu: ukuzikhathalela komuntu siqu, amandla angokomzwelo, ukucabanga okungokokuziphatha, ngisho nesifiso sokuzilawula. Ingxabano yabo ibonakalisa izimpikiswano zamanje ngokuphathelene namalungelo ezilwane, inkampani, abantu, kanye namalungelo akhona okungcono okungathi aqhubekele phambili, okwenza udwendwe oluhle lwezindla ngolwazi olungokwesiko olungokwesiko.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ikhono lokudlulisela isipoki egobolondweni elisha lifiphaza umngcele phakathi kokuphila nokufa. Uma umuntu ekwazi ukubhekana nokufa futhi ephinde aphile, ingabe ukufa akusekho nhlobo?

Izakhiwo Zesimiso Somsoco Ezweni Le - Post - Cybernetic

Ngaphandle komuntu ngamunye, isisekelo sezobuchwepheshe se - Ghom eShell sihlanganisa yonke imiphakathi, sidala izinhlobo ezintsha zokubusa, ukungalingani, nokuziphatha okuhlangene.

Ukuhlukana Kwezinombolo Nezinyo Le - cybernetic

Akuwona wonke umuntu okwazi ukuthenga i-inthanethi ephakeme. Igebe phakathi kwe-operacter eyandisiwe ngokugcwele kanye “nezinto ezingokwemvelo” lidala isigaba esisha. Labo abane-inthanethi ezisemthethweni bajabulela inzuzo engokomnotho nezenhlalo, kuyilapho abampofu ngokuvamile bethembela ezintweni eziphelelwe isikhathi noma ezingasebenzi kahle ezibashiya bengavikelekile ekuxhashazweni. Imitholampilo yamabhulabhu inikeza isilinganiso esiphansi kodwa esiyingozi, futhi i-cyborgs engekho semthethweni idlula ezincipheni ezingokomthetho. Lolu chungechunge lubonisa umphakathi lapho isithembiso sokulingana nobuchwepheshe sikhashelwa ngokusakazwa kwawo okungalinganiyo, isixwayiso esithinta izibuko namuhla ngokwahlulwa kwezimiso zemishini nokweziciko lwezakhi zofuzo.

Yima Uyinqaba: Ukuziphatha Okuthuthukisile Kwezenhlalo

Enye yezingxenye zokuqala zaloluchungechunge ezibangela inkolelo-mphyutha i-Sstand Alone Complex. Lokhu kuchaza into lapho inqubo yekhophi ye-cat kanye nokwaziswa okuhlanganyelwayo kudala khona inkohliso yenhlangano ehlangene, ngisho noma kungekho mholi omkhulu. Ku-Spirit eShell, isenzakalo se-Laughing Man siqala njengesenzo esihlukile sobuphekula be-inthanethi kodwa ngokushesha siveza igagasi labalingisayo abakholelwa ukuthi balandela umculi. I-Sitalmles ibonisa indlela i-mfortum engaveza ngayo ukuziphatha okungakhomba ukusungula imibango ehleliwe, amandla afana ngayo nezenzo zanamuhla ezihambisana nezenzo ze-ibrobial ne-interliv ezihlonipheyo.

Imiphumela yezombangazwe mikhulu. Ohulumeni bangasabela osongweni olubonakala lungenayo ngempela imithombo eyisisekelo, ukuchitha imithombo enzima nokucindezela okukhulayo. Lolu chungechunge lusikisela ukuthi imiphakathi exhumene kakhulu isengozini kakhulu yezenzo ezinjalo eziyingozi, nokuthi ukuziqonda kudinga uhlobo olusha lwezimiso olucabangayo − oluthi icandelo 9 ngokwalo kumelwe likhule ukuze liphile.

Ukusuka Enganekwaneni Kuya Eqinisweni: Ifa Lomoya Egobolondweni

UMoya eShell wawungaqageli nje; wawucabanga ukuthi icebo lezobuchwepheshe eliye labonakala kakhulu. Intuthuko yangempela yezwe ezinhlamvwini ze-inthanetic, izici ezixhunyaniswayo zobuchopho, kanye nezimiso zokulawula i-AI ziqinisekisa ukuthi izinto eziningi ezikhathaza uchungechunge azisagcini ezinganekwaneni.

Izici ezisetshenziswa yi - commune menu namuhla

Ukucwaninga kwamanje kwe-BCIIs kuhloselwe ukubuyisela ukusebenza kwemithambo ye-injini ezigulini ezikhubazekile, yenza ukuba kukhululeke ngokuqondile labo abanenkinga yokukhuluma, futhi ngisho namakhono okuqonda akhulisiwe. Isihloko esithile [ku-] Ukuhlola intuthuko zamuva nje kuqokomisa intuthuko esheshayo yentuthuko yemizwa yemizwa ephezulu, engasondela kakhulu emakhonweni e-inthanethi ye-inthanethi ye-inthanethi. Nakuba sikude kakhulu ekukhupheni amakhono à the La Vitution, amapulani ezimiso ezingoko okuthiwa i-GPS eShell ifuna imvume yolwazi, ukuphepha, ukuvikela, nokuzichaza kakade kubekwe yi-injini ezinto kanye nezi-reator.

Ukugwenywa Kwesizwe Okuyi - AI noMhlaba Ongokomthetho

Njengoba izimiso zokufunda ngomshini ziba yinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, umbuzo wokuthi i-Al ingaba nolwazi noma amalungelo usuka kuyifilosofi uya emthethweni. Isinxuselo sikaPuppeteer sendlela yokukhosela singabonakala sikude, kodwa izazi ezingokomthetho ziqala ukuhlola ukuthi i-II ekwazi ukunikwa imingcele elinganiselwe. i-Stanford Encyclopedia e-AIC ixoxa ngokungathi kungenzeka i-parectives, lapho into edinga isivikelo ngisho noma ingakafinyeli ngokugcwele i-ihiea elwazini lomuntu. I-Tachikkos, kanye nokudlala kwayo okusafuna ukwazi okujulileyo, isebenza njengesibonelo semfundo yekhono lokuveza ulwazi lwezinto ezingasekhona.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubuchwepheshe bokulungisa imithambo yegazi obuboniswe ochungechungeni, − ukuhlinza kwamalungu asabela ekuhloseni ngemizwa — buye baba yinto engokoqobo ngokuphindela futhi ahloselwe ukuphinde asebenze. Nakuba kungekho muntu onyukayo njengoMajor, umngcele phakathi kokwelapha nokuthuthukisa uncipha, ukhulisa inqubo efanayo yokuthuthukisa umphakathi ubangela izinkinga ezihlolwa yilolu chungechunge.

Ikusasa Lomuntu Ezweni Lobuchwepheshe

Emashumini amathathu eminyaka ngemva kokuzichaza kwayo, uMoya eShell uhlala uyi-lens yefilosofi ebalulekile ekuhloleni ubuhlobo bethu nobuchwepheshe. Indawo yonke ayimane nje ibikezele izinto zobuchwepheshe; ibhekene nemfihlakalo ehlala njalo yokuziqaphela kanye nezinguquko ezilandela incazelo yomphakathi womuntu uma ichazwa ngokungenayo ixhumeka kwendalo yakhe. Imibuzo ephakamayo ingu-Quaphi ? Umshini ungaba yini ukhona? Ubani onqumayo ukuthi ubani ongumuntu??