Ukuklanywa Kwentambo: Okungaphezu Kokuxoxa Ngezinhlayiya

I-trope idlulela ngalé kwe-cliché. Isuka egameni lesiGreki elithi “tropis,” elisho ijika noma indlela, i-trope imelela isakhiwo esinemininingwane sokulandisa. Nakuba abagxeki ngezinye izikhathi benqaba i-trope njengezinto ezilindelekile noma ezichazayo, isebenza njengezinto zokuqondisa. Uma sihlangana nomfundisi omdala ohlakaniphile, umfana omsulwa wepulazi omiselwe ubukhulu, noma i-arcation emnandi elula, ubuchopho bethu bungena ngokushesha enqolobaneni yezempucuko nezokuxhumana okungokomzwelo. Lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yenkolelo yokuthutha [[FLT:] [FLT]] [FLD:1]] esikisela ukuthi izindaba zithatha amakhono ethu okuzincukuhlebo ngokubuka imizwelo yangempela, ukwenza kokubili izimo ezithintayo ezithintayo, zenzeka kokubili okuhlangenwethu nokwazi ukuzuza.

Ochwepheshe banamuhla abalandisa izindaba, njengoBlake Snyder emsebenzini wakhe wesakhathi usindise i-Cat!, ulinganise lemiklamo ibe yimigqa eshayayo nemihlangano emikhulu. Umbhali uba ngolwezi, ngokuqonde kakhulu angagcina i-okhestrate ngokomzwelo. I-okhestra ayiwona amakheji aqinile; angamathuluzi athambile, lapho ephathwa ngemisebe engokomzwelo. Banikeza amagama ahlukene avumela abadali ukuba baxhumane ngezinkulumo ezithinta imizwelo ebanzi ngaphandle kokuveza imizwelo ehleliwe.

Umshini Ongokomzwelo: Isizathu Sokuba Iinkiya Zisishukumise

Abantu ngokwemvelo bayizidalwa ezifuna izimpawu. Kusukela ebuntwaneni, sifunda ukulindela ukulandelana kwezenzakalo, futhi lokhu kulindela kubangela ukusabela kwamakhemikhali ebuchosheni. Uma ukulandisa kulandela i-trope emiswe kahle − njengokunqoba kwe-deog(our dieu nerve trow menoglactives, ukukhipha i-dopamine eqinisa ukuthembisana kwethu. Ukucwaninga kwesayensi yesayensi yezesayensi kuye kwabonisa ukuthi izindaba ezithathelwanayo zingaphakamisa amazinga e-oxytocin, zikhuthaza uzwela nomuzwa wokuxhumana nezimpawu zezensuntswana. Inhlanganisela yokuqaphela nomvuzo yemivuzo yemizwa ibangela i-tropemis ngokomzwelo ukuba ibe namandla.

I-Tropens ifaka lokho isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo uCarl Jung esikubiza ngokuthi i-archentypes: abalingi abasemhlabeni wonke, abaqanjiwe abahlala eqenjini lethu bengazi lutho. "Shadow," "Trickster" kanye "Umama Omkhulu" bavela emasikweni ngenxa yokuthi baveza izingxabano eziyisisekelo zabantu. Uma umlobi edwebela kule misebenzi engokomlando, izilaleli zizwa ukuvumelana okungaphezu kwemininingwane ethile eqondile. Lokhu kuyisisekelo esingokomzwelo: ukuhwebelana okungokomzwelo phakathi kwenhloso yomdali nokuqaphela izilaleli. Ababhali abaningi abaphumelelayo bayazi kahle le ngxoxo ngokunembendendende, bazi ukuthi nini ukugcwalisa izinjongo futhi lapho ziwaguqula khona amagalelo.

Inkumbulo, INostalgia, Nezinga Elivamile

Ama-trope ajwayelekile abuye abangele ukukhumbula futhi ngokomzwelo okuhlanganisa ukududuza nokulangazelela. Uma umfundi ehlangana “neqhawe elinamandla” njenge-Frodo Baggins noma u-Harry Bung, awaboni nje umfuziselo; abuye aphinde ahlole izikhawu ezingokomzwelo zezindaba eziningi ayezithanda ngaphambili. Lokhu kugxila komuntu siqu kujulisa ithonya elisheshayo. Umphumela uyindaba ezwakala iqala ukuvela futhi ijwayelekile, njengengoma ethandwayo ephinda yabekwa esingeni esisha. I-nostaligia-dpes ingasebenza njengamasango angokomzwelo, ivumela izilaleli ukuba zikwazi ukufinyelela izihloko ezinzima ngokuphepha kwemisebenzi eyaziwayo. /a inqubo evame ukusetshenziswa ekufikeni kwezindaba nemidlalo yomkhaya.

Ukukhohlisa Izinhlu Eziyinhloko Ezingokomzwelo

Nakuba ama - trope engenakulinganiswa, izindlela ezimbalwa eziyisisekelo ziwabonisa ngokuphindaphindiwe amandla okushukumisa izilaleli. Ukuqonda izakhiwo zawo ezingokomzwelo kwenza ukuba ababhali bawasebenzise ngokunembile. Ngamunye wala ma - trope usebenza njengethuluzi elingokomzwelo, akwazi ukuveza indlela eqondile yokusabela lapho ebekwe endaweni enembile.

Ukunqoba Kwenja Engaphansi

Akukho tropee ekhipha isithakazelo esikhulu kunesokuzama ukubona inzuzo eyisisekelo yenkolelo yomuntu ebulungisani kanye nethuba lokuphumelela komuntu siqu. Ukusukela ku-Rocky Balboa ukuya kuKatnis Everdeen, i-deen engaphansi kwe-devog ishukumisa isifiso sethu esiqotho sokubona imizamo evuzwayo engenakulungiseka. Isembozo esingokomzwelo lapha sinethemba lokunqoba; kusiqinisekisa ukuthi ukulwa nokunqoba. Lapho sithatha indaba engaphansi kwe-Fidon, ithonya elijulile elingokomzwelo aliveli ekuwineni kokugcina, kodwa lishukumisa isifiso sethu esiqinile sokubona ukuthi imizamo yethu ivuzwa ngokuhluleka nokunqotshwa okuncane. Isenzakalo esiphawulekayo esihambisana nokunqoba okungalindelekile siveza intuthuko.

Usizi Lwe - Triangle Yothando

Uthando lunqunywe ngama-triangle abhekene nempi yabantu. Aveza izinkinga zangaphandle: ukulondeka kanye nenkanuko, okwaziwayo kanye nokungaziwa. Ukuphindela ngokomzwelo kuvela ekuhlukunyezweni kokukhetha nangamathuba okulahlekelwa. Well-eedict triangres, njengoba kuboniswa emisebenzini enjenge [[FLT: 0]] ubandlululo noma uchungechunge lwesikhathi esifana [[FLT:]] iNyaka Inkathi I - Pretty[, izinsiphonsi , izinkqeqekezo ezikhayo, izihloko ezithiwe ngenkozo, izilaleli, ukubhekana nobunkimbi besifiso somdlandla. Ubuhlungu bomdlali necala lokunquma inguquko. Izenzakalo zanamuhla zikhuliswe yi-transworthrometic properties, futhi azifuni izigneze iziphungu ezithinta imizwelo.

Isandla Esiqondisayo Sesisebenzi

Umeluleki ongumqeqeshi, oboniswe nguGandalf, uMyagi, noma uYoda, uvusa imizwa yokuphepha, ukuhlakanipha, kanye nokudlula okunemizwa emnandi yolwazi esukela kwesinye isizukulwane kuya kwesinye. Ingxenye engokomzwelo lapha iwumzali onamandla. Ukuhamba kukathisha ekugcineni. Ngokuqhubekayo kusuka ekufeni noma ngebanga eliphakathi, uMyagi, noma ngo-Yoda, kuvusa umuzwa wokuhamba kwe-mfunda obonisa ukuvuleka kwe-proganistry. Lokhu kulahlekelwa kuzizwa kusondele kakhulu ezithakazelweni, kushukumise usizi oluhambisana nokubonga, futhi kuqinise isihloko esidinga ukukhula ukuba kuhambe ngokuphepha okuphephile. Abalobi abanikeza umeluceli ocebile ibhulo, amaphutha, nemfundiso ekhethekile ingaphakamisa i-troppe emshinini yemizwelo ebanzi.

Imvunulo Yentengiselwano Ye - arc Enethemba

Mhlawumbe i-Cathartic enkulu kunazo zonke i-tropes, i-patry yesihlengo iphendula isidingo esijulile somuntu sokuthethelelwa nokushintsha. Izimpawu ezifana noSeverus Snape, Darth Vader, noma uZuko ezivela Atar: I-Last Airbender [ ibamba izinhliziyo zethu ngoba ziveza ukuthi ukuhluleka kwethu esikhathini esidlule akudingi ukuchaza ikusasa. Uhambo olungokomzwelo lusuka ekucacisekeni noma enzokweni olujulile, lubonisa amandla ezilalelini afihlekile okuthola amathuba wesibili. I-eapruprutry ehleahverves, izinhlulo ezibuhlungu, nesenzo sokugcina, sokuhle, isenzo sokuhle. Ifundisa ukuthi umuntu akadingi isigijimi esihlala isikhathi esine. I-parluulu elula kakhulu; yenza umsebenzi wokuzikhulula ngenxa yezenzo zeze ezibonisa imiphumela ezidlule.

Isifundo Secala: UZuko e - Abatar: Umoya Wokugcina

Isu likaZuko liyikhoshanda eliphambili lokuhlengwa. Lihlanganisa izinkathi ezintathu, ziqala ngesikhulu esihlatshwe ihlazo nentukuthelo, sihamba ngokuzifaka sodwa nangokuzikhaphela, futhi siphethe ngesinqumo esiphansi sokujoyina amaqhawe. Ingxenye engokomzwelo yalesi sigubhu ixhomeke ekuqondeni kancane kancane kwezilaleli izingxabano zangaphakathi zika Zuko, indlala yakhe yokuvunyelwa kukayise, kanye nombono wakhe wokwakhela ubulungisa. Isikhathi ngasinye uZuko usondela ekukhululekeni, isithibe ikhala ngemva, enze ukukhetha kokugcina kubonakale ukuthi zikhona futhi zishintsha. Ukusebenzisa kombhali i-spoctal (isibazi, isihenqo, isiko sokudubula) nokushaya kwemililo engokomzwelo, ebonisa indlela yokushaya i-trope ephakeme ngayo, ebonisa indlela ehambisana nokuhluzeka kahle.

Ukusuka ECliché Kuya ECatalyst: Imihlangano Eyindaba Eyimpicabadala

Ngokungaboni kulandela ama-trope ngaphandle kokusungula kuholela ekulandiseni okusha, okuqinisekile. Izindaba ezikhumbulekayo zivame ukuhileleka ekuguqukeni kwe- kwesobha . Ukubeka amathemba okuwaguqula ngamabomu kuphela. Lapho i-Trones [ ibulawa yi-Ned Stark, yaqeda “ukusinda okungenakugwenywa”, ifaka ukwesaba kweqiniso nokungaqiniseki kombono. Lokhu kuguqulwa okuncane kwamandla esabelweni; kwabangela ukujwayela kwezilaleli, kwazenza zasondela kakhulu, zakhathazeka kakhulu.

Nokho, uma ukuhlanekezelwa kudinga ukusingathwa ngokunakekela. Uma ukuhlanekezelwa kuzwakala kungenamdlandla noma kungenamdlandla, kubonakalisa ukutshala okungokomzwelo kwezilaleli. Ukuguqukela okuphumelelayo kusadumisa imizwelo: umeluleki owile angase adlulisele ukuhlakanipha kwabo ngesenzo sokugcina, esingalindelekile sokukhaphela, noma unxantathu wothando anganquma ngokukhetha i-protagonomential akhethe ukuzithandayo nganoma yisiphi isisusa. Isihluthulelo siwukugcina ukwethembeka ngokomzwelo ngisho nakuba izakhiwo zikhona. Ababhali bangasebenzisa futhi ukuguqula [ult:]] [uk] unxantathu owe-trippe unganquma ngokulandela umzwelo oyinhloko futhi ujikijeke hlangothi lwawo. Ngokwesibonelo, esikhundleni sokuletha komeluzayo ukuhlakanipha kweqhawe, iqhawe linganikeza ukuhlakanipha eduze kokuguqula imizwelo.

Ukuxuba Intambo Ngezindlela Ezihlukahlukene

Indaba enamandla ayivamile ukuncika kwi-trope eyodwa. Kunalokho, ukulandisa kobuciko kuhlanganisa ama-trope amaningi endwangwini engenamthungo. I-Pixar’s Ingaphandle isebenzisa kanye kanye “ikhaya le-journey” trope, i-“buddy joint" enamandla phakathi kwenjabulo nodangala, nokulahlekelwa umsulwa. Umphumela uwukuhlangenwe nakho okungokomzwelo lapho i-tropemp ngayinye iveza abanye, ibonakalisa ubunkimbinkimbi bemizwelo yomuntu yangempela.

Ukuhlanganisa ama-trope kuvumela futhi ukuba i-tropes ikwazi ukuveza indawo yokuhlenga. Ukuthemba okuqinile kwe-parmat kusekelwe ekutheni i-pragmat yehla kabuhlungu “yokuwohloka kwezilaleli okudabukisayo,” kuvimbela indaba ekubeni ibe yisikhwama esingcwele. Lapho udweba izingxube ezinjalo, cabangela indlela izishayamkhuba ezingokomzwelo zomuntu oyedwa ezinganciphisa noma zijule enye. Iqhawe elinqindiswayo elinovalo futhi elingaphansi kwempunga lidala ungqimba olubili lwezilaleli, kuyilapho uthando oluyinkimbinkimbi ngenkani efuna intengo yothando lungaguqula inkinga elula yothando ibe yi-croppe eqinile. Izingxube eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu zisebenzisa i-tropes ezihlobene ngokomzwelo kanye nesibonelo, “ocroppe prope ngokuzenzekelayo kanye nenkomba ekhethekile yomuntu siqu.

Indawo Engokwesiko Nokuziphendukela Kwezinkawu

Ama-toppi awekho azimele; ajika-jika eduze kwezindinganiso zomphakathi. “udamsel oxhwalekileyo” uye wathathelwa indawo noma waphambukiswa ngokuqhubekayo“ ngowesifazane owesithako,” ebonakalisa izindima ezishintshayo zobulili. Umeluleki akasadingi ukuba abe yindoda endala, enentshebe, [1] ukuqaphela ukusontwa kwanamuhla kwentsha egxekayo efundisa umuntu omdala ophelelwe amandla. Ukuqonda le mfundiso yempucuko yenza abalobi bakwazi ukwenza izinqumo ezinengqondo. Ukuhlanganyela ne-trope kusetshenziswa impahla yayo engokomlando: ukusebenzisa “umsindisi omhlophe” ukulandisa namuhla ngaphandle kokuhlola okugxeka kakhulu kungavusa ukuphambana kwengqondo kunokuba uzwela.

Ukucwaninga ngezindaba ezilandiswayo ezingokwesiko, njengokuhlolwa kwezakhiwo ezilandiswayo zembulunga yonke, kubonisa ukuthi nakuba isisekelo esingokomzwelo se-troppe sivamile ukubuswa yonke indawo, ukuveza kwabo kumelwe kube nokukhalipha okungokwesiko. Ababhali abashintsha izincazelo ze-tropes ezihlukene ukuze bahloniphe izimo ezithinta imizwelo ezithinta imbulunga yonke, ezithuthukisa ithonya elibalelwayo kunokuba linciphe kakhulu. Ngokwesibonelo, “i-triclerte” ewuhlobo oluyinhloko lwezinsuntswana olune ezakhene ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene ze-Afrika (Anansi isicabunu), amasiko amaNational American (Cote), nenthis nunistrip (Lki), kodwa ifeza umsebenzi ongokomzwelo ofanayo wokuhlela nokuveza inguquko engokwesiko.

Izibonelo Zomhlaba Wonke Zokuvumelana Nezimo Kwezintambo

Anime ne-manga ivame ukuxuba ama-tropes aseNtshonalanga ne-Eastern Thoughty. I- “isekai” gere . lapho umdlali ethuthelwa khona kwelinye izwe ``inhlanzi ephuma emanzini' ngezihloko ezingokwesiko zaseJapane zokuzalwa kabusha kanye namathuba wesibili. Ngokufanayo, amafilimu eBollywood ngokuvamile asebenzisa i-“uthando ekuqaleni” i-trope, kodwa ayifaka ngaphakathi komkhaya kanye nezingcindezi zobuphini eziyenza ingabi nasisindo esingokomzwelo esivelele ezindaweni eziningi zaseNtshonalanga. Lezi zinhlelo ze-octalculocal zibonisa ukuthi ama-trope awes awenziwe ngokwesiko kodwa angabuye afane nendawo entsha engokomzwelo kuyilapho egcina ithonya lawo eliphakathi.

Amasu Awusizo Okubhala Ngezintambo

Ukuqamba izintambo ezijulile ezithinta ukulandisa kudinga injongo nobuciko, hhayi nje ukuqaphela. Nawa amasu aqinile okuzakhela emsebenzini wakho ngaphandle kokubhala ngokuvilapha.

  • [U-Map Imizwa Yakho: Yisho indlela yakho engokomzwelo ngaphandle kwecebo. Yazi ukuthi ufuna izilaleli zizizwe kuphi zinethemba, ziphelelwe ithemba, noma zinqobe, bese ukhetha ama-trope aveza leyomizwa ngokwemvelo. Sebenzisa iphepha lokushaya ukuze uhambisane ne-trope ngokulandelana ngokomzwelo.
  • Iimpawu ezingaphezulu kohlobo lwe- Archetype: Ngisho nomeluleki okwaziwa kakhulu kumelwe abe nezenzo ezingafanele, amaphutha, nomlando womuntu siqu. Nikeza iqhawe lakho elinqikazayo isizathu sokunqikaza okuboshelwe kakhulu emfuthwaneni wabo, hhayi nje isibambiso sokulungisa icebo.
  • Irompyoy Irony kanye no-Unehast: Abalingiswa mabavume i-trope abahlala kuyo. Iqhawe elithi, “Ngiyazi ukuthi lena ingxenye lapho umeluleki efa khona,” ingakha isibopho sokwazi nezilaleli kuyilapho isanikeza ukushayana okungokomzwelo lapho kwenzeka.
  • Intambo ye-Anchor Trochent enhlaziyweni ye-Monostic: ukunqoba kwenja engaphansi kwe-dvog kwenziwa kube sobala ngencazelo ecacile($] ukubhonga kwemisipha, ukubhonga kwesixuku, ukuzwa kwemijuluko. Ukuzwa okuthile kuguqula isibhamu esijwayelekile sibe yisigqi somuntu siqu, esizwakalayo.
  • Uvivinyo lweqiniso elingokomzwelo: Ngemva kokudweba, hlola i-trope-drive esigcawini ngasinye: umuntu ongokoqobo angasabela ngalendlela? Ukuqiniseka ukuthi ingqondo engokomzwelo ibambekile, ngisho nangaphakathi kwesimo esimangalisayo. Uma isinqumo sothando sikanxantathu sizizwa siphoqelelwe, simba ngokujulile esisusa sophawu.
  • Sebenzisa ama-Trouble njenge Sclafding, Not Art: I-tropes zisekela izici zendaba yakho eziyingqayizivele. Uma ubhala i-arco yokuhlenga, zibuze ukuthi yini eyenza indlela yalolu phawu ingabi yokubuyisana ehlukile kwenye indaba yokukhulula. Impendulo izokuqondisa ekungeneni ngaphakathi kwesakhelo esijwayelekile.

Imikhumbi Elandisa Ngemithi Yanamuhla

Ukuphakama kwethelevishini nezithombe zezithombe ezixhumene kuye kwakhulisa indima yama-trope. Ama-Folmner manje kumelwe alawule amathemba ezilaleli eminyakeni eminingi, hhayi amahora. “i-villain inhlenga” ngokwesibonelo, kudinga ukuhlikihlwa okuntekenteke ezinkathini eziningi ukuze uzizwe usebenze. Uma wenziwe ngokulungile, njengaku- Ukushintsha kancane kancane uJesse Pinkman, iholo elingokomzwelo liyi-ibhukwi. U-Salestation uvumela ukushiswa kancane kancane kokuphakama kwenja ngaphansi kwenja, kanye nezithiyo ezenza ukunqoba kube nesibindi.

Nokho, ukubuka impucuko yokuzitika ngokweqile kuye kwadala futhi izilaleli eziningi ezinama-trope-liter. Ababukisi babikezela ngentshiseko ukusontwa kwecebo, bephoqelela abalobi ukuba babhale ngemuva phakathi kwesimiso. Lokhu kukhuthaza ingxoxo eqhubekayo: izilaleli ziletha ulwazi lwazo lwe-trope, futhi umlobi uphendula ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, adala okuhlangenwe nakho komjaho lapho kunezimo ezimangalisayo khona kanye nokuqaphela. Abanye babonisa, njengo [FLT: 0] Wandion[, ngokuzenza ukuba abasebenzisi baqaphele ama-tripe, bazenze baqaphele i-tris, bazenze baqaphele umugqa ophakathi kwendaba nengxoxo. Lokhu kuzenza bazizwe zigcwele ukubophana, kodwa kudinga ukucuphe ukucutha ngokunelisa.

Umthwalo Wemfanelo Womsebenzisi Wentambo

Ngenxa yokuthi ama-trope asebenzisa ithonya elinamandla kangaka elingokomzwelo, abaxoxeli banomthwalo wemfanelo wezimiso zokuziphatha. Ukusekela imibono eyingozi ngaphansi kwe- “trope” kuqhubekisela phambili izindlela zomphakathi ezilimazayo. Cabangela umlando omude we-“tragic queer” trope, lapho abalobi bencishwa khona izimpawu ezijabulisayo. Abadali banamuhla bangakhulula futhi bavuselele amabhukwana anjalo, benikeza izindaba ezinikeza ukuphulukisa kunokulimaza. Isisekelo esingokomzwelo sendaba kumelwe sihlanganise isibopho sokunikeza isithunzi somuntu, ngokusebenzisa i-tropecessssssss ukuze baphikise ubandlululo kunokuba balusekele.

Ngokufanayo, ukusebenzisa izimpawu ezihlobene nokugula kwengqondo, uhlanga, nokukhubazeka kudinga ukucwaninga nokuzwela. Umlobi osebenzisa “ukuhlakanipha okuphambili” ngaphandle kokuvuma imiphumela yako eqinile angase aqinise incazelo eyingozi engahlosiwe. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-trope kuhilela ukuqonda imizwelo yabo kuphela kodwa kanye nethonya labo lezenhlalo. Ngokubuza umlando ngamunye nongalinyazwa, abalobi bangakhetha ngokuqondisisa okucebisa izindaba zabo kuyilapho behlonipha okuhlangenwe nakho kwezilaleli zabo.

Isiphetho: Inhliziyo Ephilayo Engaqondakali

Ama-top ayindawo ebanzi kakhulu kunendaba yokuhlahlela; ayinhliziyo yezinganekwane zethu zamasiko. Athumela ukwesaba, izifiso, namathemba njengezindlela esingazihlanganisa futhi siwenze ndawonye. Ngokuqonda imizwelo yama-tropes avamile, abalobi bazuza amandla aseduze ohambweni lwezilaleli. Ekuthatheni uhambo olulula, ukuzwana nolwazi oluqinile, ukuqinisa ukuphila. Umgomo awukho ukugwema imidlalo ephelele, kodwa ukuzihlanganisa nazo, ukuzibhikisha nokuzidida kuze kube yilapho bezwa bengenakugwenywa futhi bema. Ekugcineni, ukulandisa okujulile kuvela ekusebenziseni abajwayelene kangaka ukukhanyisela, kusikhumbuza ukuthi uhambo lweqhawe ngalinye, ngendlela yethu, ngendlela yethu, abaningi bayazi ukuthi izihloko ezibazisayo, ukuhloniphindwa yize kakhulu, kodwa bayazi ukuthi bayazi kahle kakhulu, lapho bezwa bezwa ngokushintsha ngokulingana okungalawuleni.