Umsuka Wokudweba Izifanekiso

Ngaphambi kokuba i-amime ibe yisici sembulunga yonke, umkhuba wokulandelana kwezithombe ngesakhelo waba nomsuka waso ezinsukwini zokuqala ze-movie. Enkathini ethulile yefilimu, amaphayona anjengoWinsor McCay adweba izisho zabo ezifingqiwe ngokucophelela, ahlela ukunyakaza ngakunye futhi azenzele ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uketshezi lukhona emkhiqizoni wokugcina. Nokho, ukudweba okusemthethweni njengethuluzi lokukhiqiza kwaqala ngempela iWalt Disney studio ekupheleni ko-192014. Ingcweti yadweba izithunzi ezimacabayo zazo zonke izigcawu zodonga, ihlela ukwenza ukulandisa okubona izinto abaqondisi, ababhali, nezingathonga ezingabukeki kanyekanye, lapho i-Atlantine yakwazi ukuhlanganisa khona i-Atlantine. Lendlela yokuhlola i-Gantricketlsey" yayivumela khona ukuhlola i-speep, futhi i-ekethensi, futhi i-eved progne.

Ngemva kwempi yeJapane, amasha amasha ezokuthwebula izifanekiso ayebheka eHollywood ukuze athole isiqondiso sobuchwepheshe, njengoba izwe laphinde lakha kabusha izimboni zalo zokwakha. Igama elithi ekonte [6], elithathwe ku "impinga," langena esazichazamazwini esiqondile saseJapane njengenguqulo ye-station. Ngesikhathi sokusakaza ithelevishini kwaqala ukukhula ekupheleni kwawo kuma-1950, abakhiqinisi baseJapane bazi ukuthi ukuhlangana kwemigomo yemigomo yebhaxa lokuhlelwa kwezicathulo masonto onke kwakuyodinga ngisho nokuqina kokuhlelwa kwenhlalo ye-Disney kunezeney. Ngakho, i-Greathegian akuzange nje kuthunyelwe kodwa ngokushesha ukuba kusebenze izimfuno ezikhethekile zethelevishini encipheshisiwe. Ukusebenza kahle nokukhanyisa kweqembu ngalinye, inzuzo yeziqondiso zokusungula.

I - ano Yakuqala Nokuzalwa Kwe - ekonte

Lapho u-Astro Boy (U-Tetsuwan Atom) endiza ngo- 1963, yamisa isilinganisi somkhiqizo wethelevishini esaqhubeka amashumi eminyaka. Indoda enomthwalo wemfanelo, u-Osama Tezuka, yayingumboni odumile we-manga Boy, futhi yaletha ukucabanga kwayo okusekelwe endaweni ephezulu embonini yemifanekiso. EMushi I-Irationon, Tezuka yasebenzisa inqubo eqinile ekhokhela isilinganiso semicimbiso yeqophelo yeqophelo lesakhiwo. Ngenxa yokuthi ifomu ngayinye yefilimu yayidinga amacwele nokushaya ngesandla okunelisa izandla, i-Teka wasebenzisa i-ekhonte ukukhetha ikhamera nokuhlela okuthatha i-engile nokuhlela okusathatha ukunyakaza lapho kudinga ukunyakaza kwemizwelo. Inqubo ebekwe ngokuphoqeshiwe "iciswe kakhulu, umenzi we-spotive, ukunyakaza onyakaza enziswa."

Nge-ekonte, umqondisi wayengahlela indawo lapho ukunyakaza kwamehlo nophawu olusathwetshulwe ngokucophelela kwakukwazi ukudlulisa khona amafelemu agcwele ayishumi nambili. Ngaleyondlela amabhodi asebenza njengepulani yokulandisa kanye nokulawula izindleko. Abaqondisi bafunda ukuxhumana ngokuqondile ukuze baxhumane nemishini yokudweba ngemininingwane ebanzi, amanothi abhalwe ngesandla ngezikhathi, ngisho nezimpawu zemibala. Lo mshado wakudala womnotho nowokusungula wasungula i-tript njengenhliziyo yomkhiqizo we-amime, futhi wakhuthaza abaqondisi ukuba babe abadwebi. Ngokungafani namasu amaningi aseNtshonalanga lapho ukudweba kwaba yindima ekhethekile, eJapaneqophiwe umqondisi ngokuvamile wadweba amabhodi, eqinisekisa ukuthi injongo yokwakha ihlala ikhona phakathi nesigaba ngasinye somkhiqizo.

Inkathi Yokuchuma Yezigcawu Zesandla

Njengoba i-alumine yakhula phakathi kwawo-1970 nawo-1980, uhlelo lwemali nokwaziswa kwanda futhi kwaba nokuvelela okukhulu. Ukwanda kwe-opera yasemkhathini, okwaholwa [u- i-Mobile Afficedum Gundam[, kwafuna ukuthatha isinyathelo esiyinkimbinkimbi kanye nezindawo zokulwa. Umqondisi uYoshiyukimino kanye neqembu lakhe lemishini edwetshiwe edwebe umzila wonke werokhethi nesondo le-racksut, kuqinisekisa ukucaca ngisho nalapho inqwaba yezakhi zinyakaza kanye. i-ekhonte yaba yisiceper, futhi yayandisa indawo yaba abaqondisi bemishini abanolwazi kunokungena ezitekweni. Studios waqala ukugcina lezi zingcingo zezindawo njengezinto zokwehlela, eqaphela ukubaluleka kwazo zombili izinhlelo zobungcweti.

Ifilimu evelele yokudweba amafilimu ama- 1980 nama-1990 ikhushuliwe idwetshwa ngendlela yobuciko ngakwesokudla sayo. U-Hayao Miyazaki, mhlawumbe odumile kakhulu u-aime auteur, wadweba njalo yonke imidwebo yamafilimu akhe ngaphambi kokubhala umbhalo wesiko. La mabhodi ayengenawo amafilimu asheshayo kodwa ayemahle kakhulu, imidwebo echaza umbala, ukukhanya, nokwakheka. UMiyazaki wake wachaza:

" lapho ngidweba i-ROT, ngisayiphenya lendaba. Lenqubo iwuhlobo lokucabanga ngepensela. Izithombe ziqala ukufika, futhi indaba iyalandela."

His boards for Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind and Princess Mononoke ran to over a thousand pages each, forming a visual manuscript from which the entire crew worked.

Ngaso sonke isikhathi, uMamoru Oshii wasebenzisa imidwebo yakhe yemidwebo ebekwe endaweni ye- eShell ukuhlanganisa ingxoxo yefilosofi ngemibhobho egcwele, izifunda ezixubile, imishini exubileyo. Indawo ngayinye yayingenawo amanothi kuphela amanothi kodwa futhi nezikhombo zekhamera yamalensi, ububanzi bensimu, nekhompuyutha ebekwe phezu kwesikhathi esithile. I-ekonte yayisibe ipulani yemidwebo ebanzi, ikwazi ukuhlanganisa izihluzo zesandla, amaqoqo obuchwepheshe, nokufaka amanani emisebenzi emide ngaphambi kokuba inkathi yobuchwepheshe ifike. Abaqondisi abafana no-Oshii babonisa ukuthi i-sclectives isebenza njengemibono yobuciko, ukuveza igebe phakathi kwemiculo.

Umqondisi We - Stoboard: Isiko Eliyingqayizivele LaseJapane

Esinye sezici ezihluke kakhulu zokukhiqizwa kwe-amime isiko labaqondisi abazenzela ngokwabo i-opera Tezuka. EHollywood, ukudweba imibala kuyindima ekhethekile eyenziwa yizingcweti ezinikezelwe ezichaza umbono womqondisi. Nokho, eJapane, umqondisi ngokuvamile uhlala phansi ngepensela nephepha ukuze adale i-ekonte, umkhuba owaqala ngo-Osamu Tezuka futhi wathwalwa phambili ngezibonakaliso ezinjenge-Hayao Miyazaki, Hideaki Ano, Mamoru Oshii, noMakoto Shinihai.

Le ndlela yezandla inemiphumela ejulile yomkhiqizo wokugcina. Uma umqondisi edweba i-wdiagnal, indawo ngayinye ithwele inhloso eqondile, engaxhumani. Umqondisi angazenza izinqumo ngokuphazima kweso mayelana nokuhlelwa kwendlela yokubhala, isikhathi, kanye nethonya elingokomzwelo ngaphandle kokuthembela encazelweni yomqondisi we-andertime. Lokhu kusho futhi ukuthi abaqondisi be-amimee kumelwe babe abadwebi abanekhono lokubona, abakwazi ukuxoxa ngemiqondo eliyinkimbinkimbi ngokudweba bodwa. i-ekonte iba isandi sengqondo yomqondisi, futhi abakhiqizi bafunde ukufunda nje okuqukethwe izihloko kodwa ulimi lomqondisi olubonakalayo. Njengomphumela, i-prelime ayisona nje isisetshenziswa sokuhlela kodwa isiteshi sokudala kodwa isiteshi sendlela esisebenza yonke indlela yokwakha.

Ukudweba Ngezinombolo Nombhobho Wanamuhla Okhiqizwayo

Ukuguqulwa kwenkulungwane yenkulungwane kwaletha igagasi lamathuluzi emishini ashintsha indlela yokudweba imidlalo futhi ahlangane ngayo. I-software enjenge-Toon Boom Stoboard Pro ne-dipt metactive imisebenzi eyakhelwe iClip Studio Paint yavumela abadwebi ukuba basebenze kundwangu engokoqobo, befake ikhamera, futhi bathumele ngaphandle kwesizathu. Abasizi bemishini bangalungisa ukudubula ngemizuzu emincane futhi bayihambisele ezindlini zaphesheya ngaphandle kokuthumela izincwadi. I-digicter yenza ukuba kube lula ukulawula nokuhlanganisa inguquko nokusebenzisananisa, ukuze kube lula amaqembu asakazeke amazwe amaningi ukuba ahlale ekhona.

Naphezu kwalolushintsho lwezobuchwepheshe, iphepha alizange linyamalale ngokuphelele. Abaqondisi abaningi abangomakadebona, kuhlanganise nalabo baseStudio Ghibli nase Kyoto Signion, basakhetha ukuzwana kwepensela ephepheni. Isenzo sokulunguza ngenqwaba yamapeni e-ekonte, ukuzwa isigqi sendaba ezandleni zomuntu oyedwa, kuhlala kuyingxenye yenqubo yokudala engenakulinganiswa ngokugcwele. Lokhu kwenza ukuba isikrini somchamo wanamuhla uxube ngokuvamile uhlanganisa womabili amabhulasi: amabhodi okuqala ephepha axhunyushwa, athinteke, abese elandelana phakathi komqondisi, umqondisi wesigcawu, nomshini oyinhloko. Lokhu kugcina ukufuduka kwesandla lapho kuhlelwa isivinini. Imishini ehlelwa ngohlelo oluvamile ihlelwe ngisho naphakathi kwezinhlelo ze-progree.

Ukuhlola Kwezenzakalo: Indlela Amabhodi Asezigcawini Aklanywe Ngayo I - Anime

I - Neon Genesis Evangelion: Ukuhlala Ngezinduku Zengqondo Ngezibhodi

Uchungechunge lwezici ezivelele ze-Hideaki Anno's uGeneon Evangelion wafaka ukudweba endaweni ejulile yengqondo. I-ante's expoints' yezenzakalo zonyaka idume ngensuntswana yazo ezingabonakali kakhulu - i-finboss, i-slict, i-tect, i-texttimement, acts, i-metask efin-pain kamela-shake. I-chemetria edumileyo "Uninic, Dance Fand to Win!," nge-ofly fly eded shown entsss, expont in An, i-Fown, i-Fomfont, i-Fom, i-'eve i-Foption, i-'enyon.[2]

Ukukhishwa Kwethemba: Umbhalo wesandla kaMiyazaki obonakalayo

I-Hayao Miyazaki's Ithenjiwe njengeqembu eliphambili lokuthwebula amafilimu. Njengemisebenzi yakhe, uMiyazaki wadweba zonke izithombe, eziningiliziwe, ngaphambi kokuba aqede umbhalo. Indawo evulekile yomkhaya ukuthola i-paki eshiyiwe, isakhiwo sebhabhabha, futhi i-translater-translarf zonke zihamba ngqo epeni lakhe. Ngenxa yokuthi amabhodi ayesechaza kakade ukucanda, ukukhanyisa, ngisho nemibala yemibala yemibala, izimboni nezobuciko zingahlanganisa umsebenzi wawo ngokuhlangana okungalinganiyo kombono. I-mfakthamedio yonke i-mfafayenziswayo, i-mfashubhu eqoshwe ngomfanekiso we-Miza.

Ukuhlasela ETitan: Ukuthungatha Impi Emile

I-atturack e-Titan i-actitack enikeza inselele eyingqayizivele: uketshezi, i-dimensional ezintathu ukunyakaza nge-Omni-inganisiwe ngenkathi kugcinwa indawo ebanzi. Umqondisi Tetsuro Ariki neqembu lakhe bathembela emetheni ebanzi kakhulu edwetshweni elisebenza cishe njengemicu ye-scartics. Indawo ngayinye yebhodi yayihlanganisa imicibisholo ebonisa ukunyakaza kwe-omnothi, ikhamera-operation, futhi ngokuvamile indiza encane ephansi ekulandeleni izikhundla zezimpawu ezihlobene nezakhiwo nezandla zezandla. U-Araki waphawula ukuthi amabhodi ayenemephu yemigqa ekwazi ukulandela ngaphandle kokuthwala kwawo, uma indawo eyodwa ihlanganisa ukunyakaza kanye nokunyakaza kwezinganisa izikhawu eziphambili. Njengoba kunyakazo ezika kanyaka ezivamile, ngisho nokudweba ezisezingeni eziphambili zesandla ezisemuva, kuphawu olubonisa ukuthi inqubo yesandla esivamile.

Igama Lakho: Umhlaba Ongokomzwelo Ngokubhala Izindaba

IMakoto Shinnai Igama lakho [KMI no Na wa] libonise indlela ukudweba i-orchestrate okuyinkimbinkimbi kwesikhashana nokungokomzwelo. Shinai, oye wadweba njalo izidwebo zakhe siqu, wasebenzisa i-ekhonte ukudweba ifilimu eyinkimbinkimbi ehlanganisa i-injini yezikhathi ezimbili zesikhathi nezindawo eziningi. Indawo ngayinye yebhodi ayibonisi kuphela indlela emile kodwa futhi ibonisa imiphumela eqondile yemini, izimo zezulu, nokunyakaza kwemizwa yemisebe ngayinye. Okudumile, ukulandelana kwemigqa ephakathini yokukhanya nesithunzi, kwahlobana nokukhanya komzimba womuntu ngamunye, kwahlelwa indawo esendaweni ehlelekile ukuze kwenziwe i-demode. I-SPink i-makend futhi iveza ukuvuleka kokukhanya, ukubonakala kokukhanya, ukubukeka kwesithombe esivelele somzimba wakhe wonke kanye nesithombe esiwubonayodwa.

Ikusasa Lokungena E - Anime

Ubuchwepheshe obuxubile manje busunduza i-proboding ngalé kwemisuka yalo emibili. Amathuluzi angokoqobo avumela abaqondisi ukuba badwebe izigcawu endaweni ezungezile egcwele i-360 degree, bangene ngaphakathi kwenguquko engathandeki yendlela yokuhlela nokumisa amakhamera ngokumane nje babheke. Izinhlelo zokulungisa i-almeod zingenza ukusikisela okuvimbela okusekelwe ekudwetshweni okumbalwa kwemidwebo engokoqobo, ukukhulula abadwebi ukuba bagxile emidwebeni engokomzwelo kunokubheka izimpawu zemisindo. Ukubambisana kwamanje kwefu kakade kuvumela umqondisi webhodi eTokyo ukuba alungise inkathi ngesikhathi lapho umsizi eNingizimu Korea elungisa isikhathi, ukukhithika kwebanga phakathi kwezindawo zokuqopha imishini.

Nokho, okungashintshiwe umsebenzi we-flash: ukuhumusha umbono ube yisudi elinganayo, esebenzisekayo. Noma udwetshwe ngepeni lebhulashi ephepheni le-ami, i-ekonte iqhubeke ikhona lapho ukulandisa kwe-aine kuphefumula khona okokuqala. Njengoba imboni ihlola i-AI-gerated diftware kanye nesuthi ecacile, ukwahlulela komqondisi nengcweti ye-Filipu kuhlala kuyindlela eyisisekelo eguqula ukulandelana kwezithombe zibe indaba eshukumisayo. Ukuthinta komuntu, ngakho konke ukugxuma kwayo okungaqondakaliyo, akunakusetshenziswa ngokugcwele.

Isiphetho

Ukubopha i-odola e-amime kusuka ekhonte ye-pragmatic exponte yesimiso sokuhlela imali ebhajwe ngo-1960 ukuya emshinini wezinto ezixutshwe kakhulu zanamuhla ezixutshwe nemishini eminingi ye-milillion-dillar. Ngandlela-nye, iye yazibonakalisa ingaphezu kakhulu kwethuluzi lokuhlela – icebo lokudala lapho kusungulwa khona, isigqi, nomzwelo wazo ziqala ukufinyezwa. Umlando we-aimeberobor project story izibonakalo zomdaka ngokwayo: isungula, ivumelanisa, futhi ibheka ngendlela enamandla kakhulu yokulandisa indaba. Njengoba amathuluzi amasha ephuma khona, umoya wamaphepha-peni-peni walezo zimpompoza ngokungathanda ukuqondisa ukubonakala kobukwayo, umqondisi wemizwa phakathi kwezizukulwane, ukuhlanganisa nokugcina izizukulwane.