I - Evenkile Ezungezile YaseHayao Miyazaki

UHayao Miyazaki, umsunguli weStudio Ghibli futhi omunye wabahlaziyi abahlonishwa kakhulu, wakha ifa le-movie elidlula ukuzijabulisa. Eminyakeni engaphezu kwengamashumi amane, amafilimu akhe agcizelela ngokungagunci ukuthi ubuhlobo bomuntu nezwe lemvelo abusona nje isihloko kodwa buwumbuzo ophuthumayo wokuziphatha. I-Toriyazaki eJapane, umsebenzi kayise ekusunguleni izindiza, kanye nokuhlangana kwakhe kwangaphambili nemifula engcolisiwe namahlathi afaka idolo olujulile olugcwele yonke imingcele yomsebenzi wakhe. [Foket project:] Kusukela emaphandleni anokuthula ezwe [Flute: 0], ngokungafani nezindawo zakhe ezizungezile eziphilayo, isayensi ezungezile ezungezile. Ngokungafani neya, i-Méunimmosmoston, i-mfazim, i-mfazimfony ezindaweni ezizungezile zemvelo zabantu eziphilayo. Ngokungafani, le ngxenye yesayensi yemvelo yale, iyanda kakhulu ye-Mlaymode.[Foke]

Ukuqonda ifa likaMiyazaki kudinga ukubheka ngaphandle kwezibalo zamahhovisi. Umenzi wezithombe akakaze athi uveza “amabhayisikobho omyalezo,” kodwa umsebenzi wakhe usebenza njengezwi elithulile kodwa eliphikelelayo lokuphatha indawo ezungezile. Ukwenqaba kwakhe ukwenza lula izingxabano zibe yizimpi eziyingozi kuhlanganisa amafektha, abagawuli bemithi, nabasebenza ezindabeni zakhe ngokuvamile bayizinsika eziyinkimbinkimbi, ababanjwa ezimisweni ezingaklanywanga. Lokhu kunikeza amandla ahlala njalo emvelweni yakhe, kubangela ukudamba kalula kwezindawo zokuhlala, futhi kubangela ukubukeka komuntu siqu. Njengoba ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu nokulahleka kwezinhlobonhlobo kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo kuqhubeka kukhula, umbono kaMiyazaki ugcwele, ukuguqula izinhlelo zakhe ezisemgangathobayo ezibalulekile kuphela.

Imvelo Iwuhlobo Oluvelele

Esinye sezici ezihluke kakhulu zefilimu kaMiyazaki yefilimu indlela i-Fotoro[FLT] [FOLT] [1] inikezwa ngayo ngokunakekela nangobuntu obufanayo nobezigebengu. Indalo ayisona isizinda esiqinile; iphefumula, yenza, futhi ngokuvamile iqinisekisa imishini yayo. Kuworner Toro [1988] Isihlahla esibanzi lapho uToro uhlala khona asisona nje isici esingcwele, umgcini wemisindo wasendulo ukuthi uhlonipha i-Kuseyake. Ukungabikho kwento engokwemvelo kwenza indawo yasemaphandleni ibe phakathi, futhi ithole injabulo eMetoro ayikho efana neSaki ezindaweni zokudlala futhi ithole imidansolo yemvula elungile.

Lendlela ijule kakhulu ku iPrinces Monoke (1997), lapho iCedar Forest iqashelwa khona yiGreat Forest Spirit, into efanekisela kokubili ukuphila nokufa. I-Freest Spirit “yakha futhi ikwazi ukunikeza amandla ayo okuqeda ukuphila okubonisa futhi kubonise ukuphila komhlaba okuthonywe kakhulu yiShinto, ephethe ukuthi i-kami (amos) ihlala izici zemvelo ezinjengezihlahla, imifula, nezintaba. [[FLT:] 2020] isihloko se-Guardian yefilimu ehlala njalo [[FLC] 33] iphawula indlela ukubonakaliswa kwayo kwemisebenzi yezensimbi ezikhona zemisebenzi engoko engoko kugcwele ukuqothulwa kwezindawo zasendulo ezingokokuqothulwa nokuncitshiswa kwezindawo ezitholakalayo. IMiya inqaba elula phakathi kwempini engcono kakhulu phakathi kwempini. I - Etshiprung, iveza ukudama kwezenye inte eqinile.

Amanzi nawo, afeza indima ephindaphindwayo. Pononyo [2008] [2008], ulwandle luphila, lugcwele izingqondo ezigcwele izidalwa zenganekwane, kuyilapho isikhukhula esigwinya idolobha laselunxwemeni sivezwa singeyimbubhiso kodwa njengokubuyela kwesikhashana esizweni se-primel", isenzakalo sezwe le-Printal. Okwamanje, sigcwele izidalwa ezindaweni ezikude[ (2001]] sivuleka ngomoya womfula, ongcolileyo nongavikeleki, njengoba kuhlanzwa ngisho nangesikhathi esincane esisesimweni esivulekayo. Isigcawu, esithathwe eMizani kuwe ebhayisemfuleni, njengesenzo sokulungisa ibhayisekili, isenzeka i-eactive probian Chiro, futhi sihodwle inkolelo ekhona njalo, lapho kulokhu kusetshenziswa ngisho naka inkolelo esenziwa abantu abancane.

Ukuphinde Uthole I - motifs Ne - Anti - industrium Critique

Incazelo kaMiyazaki yendawo ezungezile ivame ukudluliselwa ngezindlela zokubona nokulandisa eziphinda-phindeka phakathi kwe-filimi yakhe. Okuvelele kakhulu ukuqina phakathi kwe-octal nemishini. uNausicaä weSigodi seWind[ (19984]), iproto-Ghibli ehlukile ethathwe kuma - bhakathane akhe, i-Jungle iyi-ocebic ebangela ukuba isintu sibe nobuthi ngempi kodwa manje esihlanza umhlaba ngesilinganiso saso sobuso bayo. I-Nausä’s halver, ibonakalisa ukuvumelana kwamandla emvelo, nakuba imishini yempi emelene nentando yentando ye-yo. I-Filimu egcwele i-octal shaloging, idla izinambuzane ezinkulu, isilwane esigcina isilwane esine esazisasazisasazi sobulongweni [Foglomes] [3] emboni yomphakathi womphakathi womphakathi womphakathi womphakathi womhlaba: [3]

Umbono womoya ungolunye uhlobo oluyinhloko. Uthando lukaMiyazaki lwesikhathi sonke lokundiza − olusekelwe emuva kwendiza kayise − ivame ukuveza amafelemu amapulani aphezulu, embula ubuhle obumangalisayo be-ropt deast, amapulazi, namahlathi. Kuyi-Wind Ries [202013], i-protagonst J Horikoshishi iklama indiza ye-Zero, indalo yobuhle obumangalisayo obuzosetshenziselwa ukubhubhisa. Ifilimu ihlola isimo esiphindiwe kabili sokuhlakanipha komuntu, ixhumanisa ubunjini bendalo esendaweni ezungezile ezungezile: uhlobo oluhlobisayo ezungezile ebangela ukuqothula imvelo. I-Mizakie intuthuko ye-mzingle yenkatho yokuzingela ukuncithamela impompoza ekubhulanisweni kwento. I-mfaza encike kakhulu, uma idinga ukuhlobana nokuhlobana nokuhlobana okungcono kakhulu.

Ukwanda nokungcola kwasedolobheni kubonakala kungamashwa. [[FLT:] Umakhelwane Wami uTotoro ubhekisela ekuguleni kukamama ngokunokwenzeka okubangelwa umoya ongcolile noma ukucindezeleka, kuyilapho imicu ye-soot sprites ye Engalawuleki imelela ukuthuthumela kwezindawo zezezemboni ezithunyelweyo. [[[FLT:]][4] Kki's Inkonzo ye-Usizo [[FLT:] [19989], ithekuzobumfawuza-odaba, iveza indlela ukuphila okungathandeki kuyo. I-MLT]

Ithonya LobuShinto Bobu - Anim Namasiko AmaJapane

Ukuze kuqondwe ukujula kombono kaMiyazaki wendawo ezungezile, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ithonya lezemboni yaseNtshonalanga nempucuko yamaJapane. UbuShinto bukholelwa ukuthi amafilimu kaShinto anekhoda (imimoya yangaphakathi), amadrako, izimpophoma, imithi yasendulo kungaba yi-kami. Lelizwe lilahla ukuhlukaniswa phakathi kwabantu nendawo ezungezile ezungezile esekelwe kakhulu emqondweni wezezezemboni zaseNtshonalanga. IMiyazaki isho amafilimu e-rim kanye ne-kodama (imimoya yangaphakathi), izimpophoma, nabagcini behlathi abasebenza kanjani njengemisebenzi yanamuhla yokuhlobisa imikhumbi eyaziwa kakhulu kodwa njengezikhumbuzo ze-octal coligial etholakalayo. [[FLD:]]

Lokhu kumisa okungokwesiko kuyabonakala futhi emikhubeni enjenge-pastoyama − indawo yomda ephakathi kwentaba nezwe eliyisicaba elihlala njalo, lapho imisebenzi yabantu nezimiso zemvelo zasendle zikhona khona. Izigodi zokulima eziqinile ezisendaweni Kuphela [ [1991] [iMish] [1991] namagumbi erayisi ahlelekile azungeze indlu yokugeza e [FLT] [FLT]] abonisa indawo elawulwayo engabonakali kodwa esebenza phakathi kwemibuthano yayo. IMiyazazi imikhuba yomuntu siqu yefilosofi: yena kanye noMvelishiyo Sukizu baziwa ukuthi ihlanzekile eseduze ne-Stodia, isenzo esifuzekile sesimo semvelo esiphefumlelweyo. I-Miyazaki iyasebenza yonke inqubo yakhe yokuthuthukisa lefilosofi kodwa ingasebenzi.

Umphumela Wemfundo Nesiko

Izihloko zezemvelo zikaMiyazaki zaye zathandwa othisha emhlabeni wonke. Othisha bafaka izigaba ze-Princes Mononoke ezingxoxweni eziphathelene nokugawulwa kwamahlathi, ukuxabana ngemithombo yemali, namalungelo abo. Ukuhlolwa okuthambile [[FLT:] Kwakhe uToro[FLT:] [[FLT]] [3] unikeza isiqalo esizwakalayo semisebe yemizwa enyaka, izinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo, nezimanga zokubulala, okwenza ukuba ibe intando ethandwayo ekuqaleni kwenkathi yomntwana. Ukuhlolwa [kunyakatho lwezentengo yezeNtlango yezemvelo] [[FLT] [FLT] [FLT] [FLT] [FLT] [FLD5] kuphawule abafundi bemiboniso yamafilimu ebanzi ye-Mzaki, i-minvolunt, kanye nesibindi esiphambili ekuphileni kobudwwqedwwwn.

Ngaphandle kwemfundo esemthethweni, umsebenzi kaMiyazaki uye wafakwa emikhubeni yezinhlangano zendawo ezungezile. Imali yezilwane zasendle yezwe kanye nezindawo zokulondolozwa kwezindawo ezingezinzuzo zivame ukubhekisela ekubukekeni kwe-Studio Ghibli emikhankasweni ehloselwe ukuba i-amanani antsha, ukuqaphela ukuthemba nokusondela kothando kwabantu ababambelele kubantu abafana noTotoro nekodama. Ukuhlola amaphepha nemifanekiso yeminyuziyamu, njengo 2021 “Studio Ghibli: i-Exhiblition eTokyo” eholiyo enikezelwe ithonya isayensi yendawo ezungezile elandela izinhleloni, ukudweba kwezivakashi ekubukeni okujulileyo mayelana nezinhlobonhlobo yemvelo nendawo yokuhlala. Lokhu kubhiyo okubhidlizayo phakathi kwemidwe phakathi kwemidwe yemizwa ka-Mzaya.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, amazwi omenzi wamafilimu ngokwakhe aveza ingcaca kulencazelo. Ezingxoxweni eziningi, uMiyazaki uye wakhala ngokuncipha kwezindawo zemvelo zaseJapane, wagxeka izimiso zezwe zokuphambana kwezikhali zenuzi, futhi wakhuluma ngokumelene namandla enuzi (ngokuphawulekayo ngemva kwenhlekelele ye-Fukushima Daichichi ngo-2011. Indaba yakhe ka-2013 iqukethe i-Phomont [[] echaza ngokunganaki ukuwohloka kwemvelo, ifaka amafilimu ahlabazayo ngokuphuthuma okukhulu kwangempela kwezwe. Lezi zikhundla zomphakathi ziqinisa ibhulobo phakathi kwemisebenzi yakhe yezezobuciko nonembeza wakhe.

Ukulondoloza Imvelo Nezenzo Zangempela Zezwe

Ifa likaMiyazaki linemiphumela ebonakalayo yokulondolozwa kwezindawo. Ngo-1995, uStudio Ghibli wathenga ibala lezwe elingu-200,000-square-meter eduze nendlunkulu yalo yaseTokyo ukuze avikele indawo esele yehlathi, manje eyaziwa ngokuthi “iTotoro’s Forest.” Ukunyakazisa kwakhuthaza Toro no Furusato Foundation[[[FLTL:1], isikhungo somphakathi esinamatheko esinentekile sithemba ukuthi indawo ye-wayama ihlala ngaphesheya kweJapane. Ngemali yeminikelo yezizwe neminikelo, isisekelo sezindawo ezishicile ihlathi, ukuguqula inkundla yezentengo yangempela evikelekile yendawo. Ukuhlelela izinambuzane, ukuhlola, ukuhlola nokulima okungokwesiko, ukuphatha ifilimu ephethe i-miculo.

Amaqembu ezemvelo emhlabeni wonke aye asebenzisa futhi amandla kaGhibli axoxa ngendaba. IGreenpeace Japan yabambisana neStudio Ghibli emikhankasweni ehlanganisa ukungcola kolwandle nezihloko ze- Ponyo. Izinto zokufundisa ezibonisa iGhiblifig zisiza ekuxhumaneni nemibono eyinkimbinkimbi enjengesingcolisi somcroplastic kanye necoral efishlaphayo kubantwana nasemikhayeni. Lamaqembu aqondisiswa ukuba athengise amafilimu ngokungabi namali; kunalokho, athembele ekuhleleni okuyiqiniso phakathi kwemibono kaMiyazaki nemisebenzi yokulondoloza. Umphumela umphumela uyizinto ezingavamile ezibonisa ukuqamba okuzivelela okuhlala lapho abantu abathandekayo bezwa ngaphandle kokuqonda imvelo ngaphandle kokuziphaza.

Ukuma kukaMiyazaki okumelene nempi nokulwa kwemvelo akunakunyakaziswa. [Kuyi Hopping Castle ye-Howl [2004], amagebe abangelwa ukubhomba emoyeni asebenza njengesikhumbuzo esibuhlungu sokuthi impi elwiwayo iphakathi kwamandla emvelo abhubhisa kakhulu. Umqondisi, iphiko lempi yephimbo, ubona ukuwohloka kwezemvelo nemishini yempi njengezimpawu ezimbili zemizwa efanayo. Le holistic critique igcwele intuthuko yezokulawula izulu, ephikisa ukuthi ukubhuntsha kwesayensi yendawo ezungezile kudinga ukususwa kwezimiso zokuxhaphaza abantu. UMiyaki, imfutho wefa leze ngezo lokukhula, i-pocpectial, intuthuko yeze-ecropoctic.

Ifa Elihlala Njalo

Njengoba izizukulwane ezintsha zithola iqoqo likaStudio Ghibli ngokungena ezindaweni zomphezulu nakuzihlobisa, ukubiza kukaMiyazaki kwendawo ezungezile kuyaqhubeka kwenanela. Ukukhululwa kuka-2023 uBoy ne-Heron [u-Equator] babonisa ukuthi umlilo wakhe wokudala uhlala ungaqinile, futhi ukuhlaziya kwakuqala kusikisela ifilimu kuqhubekela phambili ukuzindla kwakhe ngokuphila, ukufa, kanye nokulingana kwendalo [1] [1] [1] Ngalesikhathi singena emkhathini. Amabhukwana avame ukuveza uMiyaza njengesikhuthazo sawo ngokuyinhloko sokuziphishekela imisebenzi engokwendawo yonke. [[FLT] Uzonyunyusa izikwe) futhi uyavuma ukuthi imbewu yakhe ihlelwe obala. [[3] [3]

Isazi sefilosofi u-Arne Næs, umsunguli wesayensi yezinto eziphilayo nendawo yazo ezungezile ejulile, wake waphikisa ngokuthi ushintsho olukhulu aludingi nje ukwamukelwa ngengqondo kodwa ludinga ukubuyiselwa okungokomzwelo nokungokomoya. Amafilimu kaMiyazaki anikeza lokho kanye: ukushintshwa kabusha kwezwe lemvelo okucacile kangangokuthi izibonakalisi cishe izimpawu zemvelo ezingenakusiza kodwa isivikelo. Izihlahla ze-kampar, i-kodama ekhanyayo, i-Nausaä egcwele uzwela lwakhe oluqinile ngokomzwelo kanye nezithombe ezisezingeni lokuzingeni eliphezulu futhi zishintsha indlela esibona ngayo amahlathi angempela, izilwandle ezingokoqobo ezisengozini. Izidalwa ezibona imiphumela yangempela engokosiko iGhiblie ziphawule “imiphumela ephawulekayo yeMiyazaki” lapho izivakashi zasemaphandleni zivakashela khona izindawo ezifuze izizinda zayo, zithuthukisa izomnotho zendawo zendawo yendawo yendawo yakhona.

Ifa alikho ngaphandle kokucindezeleka. UMiyazaki ngokwakhe uphelelwa ithemba kakhulu ngekhono lesintu lokulungisa umonakalo wendawo ezungezile, futhi izingxoxo zakhe zamuva ziveza isimo sokuyeka ngokudabukisayo. Kodwa amafilimu akhe akhetha njalo ithemba, noma kulula kangakanani. iPrincess Monokoke[ uphetha nge-Chiroe angene emuva ezweni okungenzeka alishintshi, kodwa eliphethe amandla amasha. Lokho kuthembisa okuthi u-Ashitaka noSan kuhlala futhi kusebenze ezindaweni zawo ezihlukene. Iphethe ngokuthi u-Devith ungene ezweni okungenzeka ukuthi alizange lishintshe, kodwa lithole amandla amasha. Umqondo oqinile, kodwa ungasoze usebenze ngendlela ethembekile. [[FLT]

Enkathini yokukhathazeka ngesimo sezulu nosizi lwendawo ezungezile, umsebenzi kaHayao Miyazaki unikeza okungaphezu kokuthatha izinto eziseceleni; unikeza ikhampasi emuva kunoma yiziphi izinto. Ngokuveza imvelo njengomkhaya wabantu kunokuba ube neqoqo lengcebo, uye waguqula umbono wezempucuko yezigidi. Amabhayisikobho akhe awasitshengisi nje kuphela izwe esime kulo ukuze silahlekelwe yizwe, kodwa asikhumbuza ngezwe esingase silikhethe ukuvikela, i - con, umoya owodwa wasemfuleni, ihlathi elilodwa ngesikhathi esisodwa.