Kudala ishishini loopopayi laseJapan liyindawo echukumis ’ intliziyo yempucuko yehlabathi lonke, lithumela ngaphandle kungekuphela nje ukuzonwabisa kodwa nangazo zonke iilwimi ezibonisa impembelelo kubenzi bemifanekiso eshukumayo, abayili bemidlalo namagcisa kulo lonke ilizwekazi. Kweli nqaku, sibalaselisa izinto phakathi kwezona zakhiwo zidumileyo zelizwe, qhayiya, iindidi, nendima ekhethekileyo ephunyezwa ngumntu ngamnye ekulongeni imizobo yangaphambili, ekhoyo nezayo.

Iintsika Zoopopayi BaseJapan

Isizukulwana seAnime savela kwiqela leqela leeqonga ezaguqula umabonwakude owenziwe ngobuchule obuphezulu. Ngelixesha iinkampani ezininzi ziqhubeka zingena, izindlu zamandla amahlanu zichaze icebo lokuhamba le-arejiyo kamashumi eminyaka: Studio Ghibli, Toei Oopopayi, Madhouse, Kyoto Oopopayi, kunye noSun . Nganye imele intanda-ntanda-bulumko eyahlukileyo . ukusuka kwi-mdla wesandla wesixhobo sokubalasa isizukulwana. Ukuqonda zingundoqo ekuqondeni ibala elipheleleyo lesibongolo se-amime.

Isudio Ghibli: Indlu Yobugcisa Yoopopayi

Yasekwa ngo 1985 ngabaphathi-majoni uHayao Miyazaki no-Isao Takahata, kunye nomvelisi uToshio Suzuki, Studio Ghibli ukulinganisa okunyuliweyo kuhlobo lwezimbo ze-movie. Igama le studio, elibolekiweyo kwinqwelo-moya yaseItali, libonisa i-webhthi yendalo: impepho entsha. IFO filimu yeGhibli ibonakala ngephanyazo, imvelaphi yesandla esipeyinjululwe, imbonakalo yolwelo, kunye nentlonelo enzulu ngendalo kunye nexesha elizolileyo. [[FLT:] igorio GLT] [[FLT] [3] ububanzi bendlela yokusebenza.[FLT] [FLT] [GN]

Ukuncokola kukaMiyazaki kusoloko kubhekiselele kumandla, kwimiba ye-heroins ezihamba phambili kwihlabathi kwimekobume okanye kwimekobume okanye ngokomoya. iPrincess Mononoke (1997) ijongwe nemisebenzi echasene nendalo, ngelixesha Spirited Low (2001] (indlu yokuhlambela ukuhlola imimoya ukukhangela i-afrist kunye nokuzichaza. Isao Takabatatatatatata, ingakumbi i-[FLT:]Grave ye Firevers [[FLT][1988]), ibonisa ukuba uqhathazo lomntu ngengozi ekhoyo. Lo mbono wobugcisa u-Milzaya kunye ne-Drosofikis.

Imisebenzi e-Ghibli ephawulekayo esele ikwindawo yokuvavanya izithethe ezikhoyo iquka:

  • Ummelwane Wam Totoro [1988] — Intsomi ethambileyo eyavelisa enye yezona zimfeketho zithandekayo ze-ane
  • iPrinces Monoke [1997] — Inkcubeko yentsomi eyathi yatyhalela imida yogonyamelo olunamandla nokugqabaza indalo
  • Ithenjiswe kude [2001] — Impumelelo yeAcademy Award yezona mpawu zingcono zokulinganisa, isamente yodumo lwe-ayime emhlabeni wonke
  • Inqaba ehambayo yeHopl [2004] — Uthando oluchasene nemfazwe olusongelwe kwimifanekiso ye-injini
  • [[UMOYA:0] Umoya unyuka [2013] — Ukucamngca okunzulu ngobuchule bokwenza izinto kunye noxanduva lokuziphatha

Impembelelo kaGhibli idlulela ngaphaya kwemifanekiso eshukumayo. IMyuziyam iGhibli eMitaka kunye neGhibli Park ezayo itshonisa iindwendwe kwimimandla yeqonga, ngelixa intsebenziswano yayo yokusasaza noDisney (kwaye ngoku i-GKIDS) yandisa abaphulaphuli baseNtshona. Ukungavumi kwe-studio ukulalanisa kumgangatho wesandla, kwanjengokuba uqingqo-mali lubhaliswe, kwenza ukuba isiganeko ngasinye sikhululwe, kwaye isikhumbuzi sokuba umzobo unokuba bubugcisa obunzulu.

Oopopayi: IFranchishe

Njenge qokobhe elidala kakhulu loopopayi baseJapan, uThoopeyi (wamiselwa ngo-1948) wakha izibonelelo ezaguqula i-ainmone yaba yindawo yentengiso yomhlaba wonke. Ngelixesha ezinye istudio zilandela ubugcisa be-accolades, uToei ufunde ubuchule bokuqhuba ixesha elide, uthotho lwezikhatho-matheko oluba yisiseko sobuntwana zwenikazi. [[FLT:] i-corporate indawo ye-irn[[FLT] [[FLT]] eqhubekela ukurhweba nge-ebhlawulo lwayo lwe-IP, ii-injini zokudlala ezihlala ixesha elide, ii-injini ze-injini ze-injini ze-RGB [FLT] kunye [FLT:] kunye [FF] ne[FFF:4] i-'exPFFFFF]

Umbhobho wemveliso kaToe ugxininisa ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nocwangciso lokubambelela, maxa wambi ngendleko yolinganiso oluzingisileyo lolwelo olufumaneka kwiistudio ezidumileyo. Kodwa istudio ibuyisela ngemicimbi yephawu lomfanekiso, i-kinetic syndro, kunye nobuchule bokuphinda-phinda ixesha obugcina ababukeli bebotshwa ngamakhulu eziganeko. Ukusasazwa kombala kwasekuqaleni SAILLORN[ kwii-1990 kwangqina ukuba amantombazana anokukhokela iqela elikhulu, ukuphinda kusetyenziswe kwakhona kwemilingomli ye-GON, kunye nokusebenza kobuvulindlela kwemilingondo ehlabathi lonke.

Igosa elinguFrancise elichaza ilifa likaToei:

  • Idragon Ball [1986-presente) — Ubugcisa be-Akira Toriyama be-ifilthi ye-irta bavela ukusuka kwi-gagma ukuya kumadabi endalo-onke, icwangcisa isikhokelo sesenzo se-shōn
  • Sailor Moon [1992-1997] — Isiganeko senkcubeko esinika amandla amakhwenkwe kunye nolandelelwano olusekelwe kwinguqulelo yeqela
  • Iceba elinye (99-2009-presenters) — Isiganeko esikhawulezayo sikaEiichiro Oda sibambe i-Guinness World Record yehlabathi ukwenzela uninzi lwemibhalo epapashwa ngumbhali omnye; ukutshintsha kwe-ayimie kuxhasa intsonkothe entsonkothe kakhulu
  • Digimon (99-2000 nangaphaya) — Irhamncwa elihamba ngemivo elizikrola elahlulayo kwiPolémon dys.
  • Comment=Indawo ebanzi yokulungisa isantya [2004-presentes] — ukubuyiselwa kwakhona okuqhubekayo kwesikhokelo somlingo sentombazana ehlala iyireyithingi enkulu eJapan

Impembelelo kaToei ayinakulinganiswa nge-polishi yoopopayi kuphela. Le stadio yavelisa ixesha le- “collet" inkqubo yexeshana, ifundelwe ukudibanisa ii-tayithi, yajika i-amimee yeveki ngeveki ukuba ibonise. Ukukulungela kwayo ukutshintsha amabali amakhulu ngesixhobo esincinane sokugcwalisa (okanye ukwandisa ngobuchule obuqhelekileyo) kwanceda Ingxenye enye egcina ukunyaniseka kwabaphulaphuli beziganeko ezingaphezu kwewaka. Kumboniso, uToei imela umnqongo wezorhwebo, ungqina ukuba i-am enokuba yodwa yanelisa ubuchule kunye noqoqosholo lwamashumi eminyaka.

IMadhouse: Indawo Yokudlala Yomdlali OngumAuteur

Madhouse, owasekwa ngowe-1971 yi-Mushi Pro aimacators, wazenzela igama njenge studio apho abalawuli benokubeka khona iingozi. Ngokungafaniyo neevenkile ezibotshelelwe kwisimbo esinye, uMadhouse wakhuthaza indawo apho abavumisi ngengqondo, imidlalo eshubileyo, imidlalo yemidlalo, kunye nemidlalo ebanzi yangaphambili yabakho ngexesha elinye. Olu mahluko lwatsala iitalente ezifana ne Satoshi Kon ([[FLD:]0]]] olugqibeleleyo Blubluewulue[[FLT:], [[FL:]][FLT]]][FTP][FLT]][FT][3]), umqulu wezinto ofana ne-Meyimor, kunye ne-Mormar [FT] [5] [ip] umgangatho we-FtFtFog: [ip] [ip] phambi komnye umgangatho wefilimu othenjiweyo.

Imveliso kaMadhouse yangaphambili iquka utshintsho lwemanga eqhelekileyo njenge Ashita no Joe, kodwa istudio yadubeka ngokwenene ngo 1990 kunye no 2000 ngemitya yothotho kamabonwakude kunye neefilimu ezinconywayo. Imveliso ye Inqaku loDeath [[FLT:] [[FLT]] [200] [200] [iiiphawulo oluqinileyo], isibane esikhanyisiweyo, kunye nekati-mouse engundoqo ebangela ukuba abaphulaphuli-sandi emhlabeni wonke bafumaneke kakhulu. Ngelixesha linye], [[FLT] .[FLT][FLD [FLT][2011]) (2011] ibonise ukuba umgangatho omde-minshsh ōn i-encencer, i-engile, ngaphandle koqhamrhumo oluchusho oluchukileyo, oluchukileyo.

Ukuma kwamabinzana okuchaza umoya kaMadhouse wokungazoli:

  • Inqaku lokufa [ [2006] — Isivuyisi esingaphaya kwamandla omntu esabangela iingxoxo zomhlaba wonke ngokusesikweni nangemilinganiselo yokuziphatha
  • u-x Hunter (2011) — Utshintsho olukwindawo eqingqiweyo olwaphakamisa ishōnen genre enee-arhente ezintsokothileyo zophawu kunye neenkqubo zamandla ezakhiweyo
  • Enye indoda echwepheneyo (I-Season 1, 2015) — Uthotho lwe-parody etrover olwadutyulwa kakhulu ngenxa yokuthoba imihlathi elandelana koopopayi ngumalathisi Shingo Natsume kunye ne-roster yabaququzeleli abaphezulu
  • I-Arhente ye-Paranoia [2004] — iSatoshi Kon ekuphela kongcelele lukamabonwakude, uphando lwentelekelelo yefuthe lefuthe kunye nenkcubeko yamajelo eendaba
  • I-Redline [2009] — Ifilimu etsala ngesandla yogqatso eyathatha iminyaka esixhenxe ukuvelisa, ihambisa ezinye zolona mlinganiselo wolwelo nowokusebenza kwenqanawa owenziweyo

Ukuvuma kukaMadhouse ukuvavanya imisebenzi yasenkundleni kuthetha ukuba impumelelo yakhe yezorhwebo ayifani. Noko ke, impembelelo yendlu yokusebenza yoqeqesho lomatshini kunye nenkululeko yolawulo inkulu. Abaninzi ababesebenza eMadhouse baseka okanye babumba ezinye iindawo zokufundela (Studio Chizu, MAPPA), ukusasaza i-ethos ukuba i-ante ayifuni kufakwa kwisixhobo esisetyenziswayo. Kuhlalutyo oluthelekisayo, uMadhouse umi njengegumbi lokuyila lokuyila izinto zokuyila (ngokunye, kodwa ngokuqhubekayo uyakwazi ukuyila i-athorio.

Upopayi weKyoto: Isenzo Sesibini

Upopayi weKyoto (ngokufuthi ufutshane kwiKyoAni) wasekwa ngo1982 kwaye ekuqaleni wajoliswa kumsebenzi wokugqiba ongaphantsi kwe-actractive. Noko ke, i-studio yayitshintshele kwinto eyodwa eyadibanisa amaxabiso etom encinane, kwindlu yoqeqesho, kwaye ukuxakeka kokuthimba intsingiselo yemvakalelo yomntu. Ukutsala i-frectal-heater eqheleke kwishishini, uKyoni waqesha abasebenzi bexesha elipheleleyo kwaye wawakhulisa kwizikolo zangaphakathi. Isiphumo sisimo esibonakalayo esiyaziwa ngokukhanyisa, ubuchule obuchuliweyo, kunye ne-scle phantsenzileyo eyenza imodeli engaqhelekanga i-mediatic.

Ibali likaKoko-Anada alisoloko lixhomekeke kwintshukumo eqhushumbisayo; endaweni yoko, lifumana amandla kwizenzo ezincinci zobuntu, ukukhangela, nobunzima bamagama angachazwanga. Ilizwi Elithuleyo (2017], elilawulwa nguNaoko Yamada, eliphethwe kukungcungcuthekiswa, ukukhubazeka, kunye nokuhlangulwa ngenkathalo ebangele ukuba i-accolades. [[FLT:]]] [FLT]]VELET EverdiNG [208]) wasebenzisa isicwangciso semfazwe sokuhlola ungquzulwano kunye nesenzo sokubhala njengendlela yokuphilisa, yonke isakhiwo esifunyaniswe ngesikhanyiso semali. [FFFF]

Imveliso yoopopayi efunekayo yeKyoto iquka:

  • A Ilizwi Elithuleyo [2016] — Ifilimu eyophulayo eyathetha ngempilo yengqondo kunye nokwahlukana noluntu ngokunyaniseka okungaguquguqukiyo
  • Clanned [2007-2008] — Utshintsho olungundoqo lwenoveli olunexesha lesibini, Emva kwebali, luthathwa ngokubanzi njengenye yezona zinxunguphalisa iimvakalelo kwi-aces ze-angee.
  • IViolet Ever Foredual [2018] — Ungcelele olubonelekileyo olwachaza kwakhona imilinganiselo yembonakalo kamabonwakude kwaye lwafumana abaphulaphuli be-Netflix
  • Inkululeko! (203-2018) — Idrama yemidlalo eyavelisa amaqhina anzima ophawu kunye nemiqobo yobufanasini ngokutsala i-stance ebanzi ye-abhin-stance
  • [[NTL:0] Liz kunye neBlue Bird (2088) — Ifilimu ecwengileyo, ebhityekayo eyabonisa amandla kaNaoko Yamada okuguqula ibali elisecaleni libe ngumsebenzi ophambili

Ngo-2019, ukuhlaselwa kwe-arson kwesakhiwo esingundoqo sestudio kwathatha ubomi bamalungu angama-36 eqela le-amime yazazanyazamisa uluntu lomhlaba wonke. Le ntlekele yazisa ingqalelo entsha kwimpucuko engaqhelekanga yendlu yokwakha kunye nokumelana kwamalungu ayo aseleyo. Ukukhululwa uViolet EverLigie: I-Moneficium[ [20], igqitywe phezu kwayo nayiphi nale, yaba yi-teksi yento engqinela umoya ohlala uhleli weqokobhe. I-tothiyo yazisa inkohliso yokuzinzolo ekuqinisekiseni ukuba i-ime i-easteod, i-essss, kunye nobunzulu bezeme ngokweemvakalelo ku-20202020, yagqitywa kumoya ohlala ixesha elide.

Ukuphuma Kwelanga: IMecha Dynasty

Xa abalandeli be-aimale becinga ngezibane zendlela ezinkulu, bacinga ngeSun: 1. Esungulwe ngo1971 ngamalungu eMushi Prodution, uSun phuma ngokukhawuleza waba ngukumkani omkhulu we Mecha aime ongenakuphikwa kwi Mobile Ratiftike Gundam[ frantiam]. Ngaphezu kokuba kuboniswe nje ngumsebenzi, iSunrise udweliso lwemichacha lomatshini omkhulu osebenzisa izitheliso zemfazwe, ezopolitiki, kunye nokuza-odathi. Ulwalamano olusondeleyo noMbhoxo wokwenza uBanday Banday (ngoku uBay Nam) lwadala imotekho: imodeli yemodeli, kunye nemali yemveliso elandelayo. I-Grome-Gwam, u-Gam, u-Gam, u-G.

I-Sundam ayiyo “Gundam studio.” i-portolio yayo iquka isithuba sentshona i-Cowbop.[1998], i-genre-defish edifini edibanisiweyo edityanisiweyo edibanisa i-jazz, ifilim noir, kwaye ikho intanda-ntanda-bulumko kwaye yaba yindawo yesango ye-Western pure. [FLT:] .CP] .ides [200] idis genreeyd sychyrial syme synd synd synd syndrome syndrome syndrome- adiagint.

Izingeniso ze Defict Sunrect Sunree ezibonisa uluhlu lwazo:

  • [[UMTL: 0] Isuti ye-Mubile Gundam [1997]) kunye nezinto ezininzi ezazenzeka emzimbeni wayo — Isaga esinzima senzululwazi esilawula imfazwe ngomxhuzulane womhlaba kwaye savelisa “irobhothi yokwenene”
  • Cowboy Bebop [1998] — Intetha entle, episodic imbuyiselo-hunte eyabonisa amandla e-anime okuqola, ukuchaza ibali
  • Code Geas: Lelouch of the Revolution (2006) — Umdlalo wemecha obalulekileyo onede ka Shakespeare nesinye sezona siphelo zingenakulibaleka ze-aime
  • [[NTL: 0] I-Iniyasha [2000-2004] — Intsomi yelifa lendoda enexesha elijikayo eyaba yindawo engqukuva yakudala engqukuva yaza yangqukuva yadala
  • Uthando Luyaphila! (203-10) — Isithixo esinemiboniso esigxininisa amandla elanga okujika ukujikeleza kwinani labemi nakumajelo eendaba ahlukeneyo ngokupheleleyo

Indlela yolinganiso lwe Sunrise ilinganisa iinkcukacha zomatshini kunye nokusebenza kophawulo. Izenzo zayo zidla ngokufaka impembelelo ephambili kwizakhelo zefreyimu kunye nentshukumo zekhamera ezinamandla ezithengisa ubunzima nesantya soomatshini. Ilifa le studio libulwazi jikelele ukuba i-mecha ingaba sisithuthi esinzulu esichaza uphakalo, ubuzwilakhe kunye nethemba. Kuzo naziphi na iziko ezibonisa ukuba zikhomba-machiza eJapan, Sun ibamba umhlaba ophakamileyo kwimfazwe yeengcinga ezilwiwayo neerobhothi ezinkulu.

Uhlalutyo oluthelekisayo: Apho kusetyenziswa khona iStudios Diderge

Ubunjani boopopayi kunye nentanda-bulumko yokuveliswa

Studio Ghibli kunye no-Kyoto Oopopayi bamile kwincopho yembonakalo engqindilili. Iifilimu ze-Ghibli, ezixhaswa luxanduva loqingqo-mali kunye nemisebenzi emide, zifumana umgangatho wolwelo olutsalwa ngesandla olunqabileyo. i-Kyototo Oopopayi kwindlu yoqeqesho kunye nobuchule bamanani obudityanisiweyo benza i-linucator, ikhangeleka ijongeka inyusa namaqela esezantsi ekhoyo. I-Madhouse ocler encopeances phakathi kobuchule obungaqhelekanga obufana nobe-[FLT] [FLT]] kunye nobuninzi obuthintelweyo bemveliso kamabonwakude, kodwa ukuzimisela kwayo ukuqesha i-makhwe ekhululekileyo ngeziganeko eziphambili, ukuba iziphumo ezingaqhelekanga neziphumayo zinokubonakala kwimiboniso oluthe nkqo, kodwa iimeko ze-kune ze-Sukarite, ngokunjalo, xa kusetyenziswa intentente exhotyiso yemi yemi exhoolo ekhawulezayo, exhonti exhobileyo exhotyiso

Ingqalelo Engaqhelekanga NeDNA Ebangela Ivuselelo

Studios nganye iqulathe indawo ebanzi ebanzi. IStudio Ghibli ihlala idityaniswe nobuntlola, indalo, kunye nobomi bangaphakathi babantwana, isoloko isebenzisa ubugqi bento eyenzekayo ukuvavanya inyaniso. UMagnie Boopopayi baxhomekeke kakhulu kwimisebenzi, ubuhlobo, kunye nengcungela engaqhelekanga yeshōnen, nangona Shool Moon [[FLD]] [iindlela] ingqina ubuchule bayo bokudibanisa isandi nesenzo. Madhouse idla ngokuzibhokoza kwiimfazwe zengqondo kunye nokuxinezeleka kwengqondo; iboniswa zayo zidla ngokubuza imibuzo engathandekiyo ngemilinganiselo yokuziphatha nento engaqhelekanga, inkcukuzo zezezezezobuzomvolo, ithel''''''[3] [5] i-f4] ithetha kakhulu i-iflateedee.[f]

Ukwamkela nokufikelela komnxeba

Iqokobhe ngalinye ligqibile abaphulaphuli abathembekileyo kodwa abahlukeneyo. Imisebenzi ye-stadio Ghibli etsala abantu abadala, itsala iintsapho kunye nee-cinephiles ezisenokuba azibukeli ubugocigoci; uToei isiqu soopopayi eside esisetyenziswayo sitsha nesinyusi esincinane, sisenza ukuba izinto ezihlala ziluhlaza. [FFF: 0] umgangatho wazo uthambeka utsale ukhuni oluntsonkothileyo nobuchule obungadibanisekiyo; ubuninzi bezihloko zayo zifumaneke kwimibhobhini yaso yobusuku. I-tooki iphuhlise i-efonte ezilandelayo ezithethsa ubufana nobufana nobufana, ibhinqa lineminculobukhali, kodwa i-ethe `[5] xa i-ephandleka i-engile: [FLD] i-evoms.[4] i-evoluefos.[4] i-evos syst syst syst syst sylves]

Impembelelo Kushishino Lwehlabathi Lonke

Ilifa lale midlalo yandisa ngaphaya kwethala layo lezifundo. Impumelelo yeStudio Ghibli yabangela ukuba abaxhasi abakhulu baseNtshona bathathe ifilimu ebonakalisa i-aimae nzulu, belungisa indlela yokukhulula rhoqo iqonga leqonga. Imodeli yoLingelo loPopayo ekwakheni kweyama 1990 yazisa sonke isizukulwana kwimeko yokusebenza. Iqela labaphathi beMadhouse liphumele kwimibhobhoshodi efana ne-Mappasto Chizu, iveze intengiswa yelizwe langoku. Intlekele ye-Orytookie yabangela ukuba kubekho ingxolo ehlabathini eninzi nencoko entsha ngemeko esebenzayo. Impembelelo ka-Gundramfrank, ebanzi yemia ebanzi ebangela ukuhonjiswa kwenzululwazi enzulu, ekhuthaza ukuhombisa inzululwazi engaphandle kwe-Japan. [AF.] [AFoglective trap] kunye ne-mest transformation trainsting transformation trans trans transform, trans

Ikamva Lokutyhila Oopopayi

Njengokuba ushishino lwe-amime luqhubeka lukhula, kwaye luxabisa ngaphezu kwe-720 bhiliyoni ngokwengxelo zakutshanje ze ukusetyenziswa koopopayi baseJapan. . .Ezi zakhiwo zihlanu kufuneka ziqhube imikhwa yokusebenzisa iplatfomu etshintshayo, kunye nokunqongophala kwetalente. IGhibli isandul'ukuvulwa kwakhona imveliso yemisebenzi ye Miyazaki, kodwa kwakhona ijongene nombuzo olandelelanayo. Ubeko lobeko lubandakanya ukuqukuqela okukhawulezileyo okukhoyo okukhawulezileyo ngemibhobhobho yasemhlabeni wonke Iceba] kunye nokunqola kwemi ye-Taleti. I-Dhousesko, emva kwexesha lomlinganiselo wemveliso, iyaphinda-ka kancinci.

Akukho mnqolobi ugqibekileyo kule ntshukumo yombutho; kunoko, ukhuphiswano ngokwalo lunyusa uphicotho. Studio Ghibli luphakamisa ulinganiso kubugcisa; u-Toei Oopopayi uxhasa uqoqosho lwehlabathi; uMadhouse uthatha ukhuphiso olunenjongo oluphembelela iliza elilandelayo lomphathi; iKyoto uLinganiso lubonisa ukuba ixesha elincinane lingawungcangcakaza umphefumlo; iinjineli zeSun ziveza amaphupha amarhobhothi amakhulu agqitha izithethe. Babonisa kanye isizathu sokuba ulinganiso lwamaJapan luhlala lungenasiphelo kwaye lusenza ifomu emangalisa, lumema ababukeli ukuba bafumane iqhawebo phakathi kwemikhulu.