Ulwimi lwe-Anime kunye nee-trope ezibonisa imbonakalo kunye neengxelo zemifanekiso zikudala zibunjwa ziindlu ezinkulu zokushicilela, kodwa ngaphantsi kweradar elininzi ihlabathi elifanayo liye lachuma kamashumi eminyaka: i-maniga epapashwayo, imidlalo, kunye nobugcisa abaziziququ ngako, ezaziwa ngokuba yi-doujinshi. Le misebenzi ye-afrint neyokuqala ikhule isuka kwizinto ezincinci eziphucukileyo zemifanekiso esetyenziswayo ibe ngamandla engokwenkcubeko athe rhoqo, amabali, kunye nezixhobo zokuyila kwishishini le-injini. Namhlanje, abadali abazimeleyo ababekhe bathengisa iiholo zendibano eziphithiweyo bayazingela imidlalo yabo kwimiboniso- televi, iifilimu, iifilimu, kunye nee-franchies. Eli nqaku lihlola iingcambulo zembali ze-Doujshi, iibhulorhodi ezihlala ixesha elide phakathi kootam, kunye nempembelelo ehlala ixesha elide.

Imvelaphi YaseDoujinshi

UDoujinshi, ngokoqobo “iphephancwadi elifanayo lemfazwe,” lavela eJapan ngexesha lexesha leminyaka yeMeiji njengeencwadi zoncwadi. Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yamashumi amabini, la maphephancwadi azizibonelela ngokwawo anika iqonga iimbongi, intatheli, kunye neenkcuba ekwaziyo ukusasaza iingcamango ngaphandle komsebenzi wentengiso. Ixesha lasemva kwemfazwe labona ukunyuka kwemanga, kodwa kwabakho isiganeko esithe tyekeleleyo, kodwa kwade kwaba ngo1970, apho impucuko yeDoujinshi yadubula khona ngakwimpumlo. Ukusekwa kweChomicmakery (Chomicmarket) ngo 1975 liqela labafundi basekholejini, kuquka uYoshizawa, umqondiso wokuguquka kwendlela, isiganeko esithengwayo, apho isithethe sasombululwayo sawo sawo umsebenzi wokufunda ngokuthe ngqo kwinani elina.

Ukuvela KweManga NeDoujinshi

Njengendawo yentengiselwano efana neyorhwebo i-Vekly Shōnen Juk ibala izithuba kwiindaba eziphezulu kuma 1980 nawo 1990, i-doujinshi yanikela umlinganiselo olinganayo. Abazobi abachwethezayo abaqalayo ekungalawuleki komhleli okanye abafuna ukuqwalasela indawo ekwindawo ebizwa ngokuba yi genres/romance, uloyiko, uphando lwenzululwazi, okanye izinto ezicacileyo . [izinto ezicacileyo ```````Iplainst''''''. [[FT] [FT] [3] [FFFFFFFFFF], zikhupha impumelelo yento eninzi, ithetha into ekhoyo. [effectivern], itsho itsho i-Cevoctives sylces syn.[5]

UDoujinshi isangqa sophawu olusuka kwi parody--remigning abasebenzi abakhoyo kumaxesha amatsha .

IDoujinshi-i-Anime

Utshintsho olusuka kwincwadana enesigqumathelo ukuya kumgca ongasakhekiyo; iye yaba yindlela esunguliweyo. Iinoveli ze-doujin eziphumelelayo okanye i-doujin ngamanye amaxesha zibamba amehlo abavelisi abakhangela itshafu elandelayo etshatiweyo. Le nkqubo idla ngokuqala kwindibano efana ne Comiket, apho uxinzelelo oluncinci lusebenza icandelo elifumana amanani athengwayo. Kwezinye iimeko, umdali we-intanethi womntu ofuna iplatfomu efana ne-pixiv okanye i-Twitter wakha abaphula-mkeli abaninzi ngokwaneleyo ukutsala i-ayingidies neelayisensi.

Imizekelo emibini etsalayo ivela kwilizwe elibonayo. [IiNtloko: 0] ifomati- Moon, isangqa se-doujin esenziwe ngu Kinoko Nasu ne Takashi Takeuchi, ikhululwe [[[FFFF:]] iTunihime [[FUN]] [FUNT:] [Nkakhulu] [[FUNT:]] [Uluhlu lwezingcingo ze-PUNT] [FUNT]] [unumfo:] [uthu], ulandela umdlalo othengiseka kakhulu ngegama [FTPT] [FUN] [ute] [uce] unyuke , unyuso lwendlela ye- Sumplas syl [ute] [ucen.[10] [unyu] inkFetting] inglease sy: [e, iinFEffantie, enye enye etshintsha ing, ing.

Ngaphezu kwencwadi yemifanekiso, unyuko lwewebcomic lukhawuleze intsingiselo yedoujinshi-to-Manine. IAkihito Tsuushi's 'iMade kwi Abys iqala njenge webcomic epapashiweyo kwi Internet, apho ubugcisa bayo obudibeneyo kunye nolwakhiwo lwehlabathi lwatsala i-antershorethi eyayayaneyo ngaphezulu. Emva kokuquluza okuqhelekileyo, ungceleleko lwafumana ukhuthulo olubiweyo olubiweyo ngo-2017. ITsukimi's's [[FLTLTLT:2]] [FLTFFF:3] i- oluthenjiweyo luye lwalandela i-'explot'eventiat's's's'everts trayd'ir nolupluptions, ngoko kwathiwayo kuthenjiweyo yachoomkelwe umthunywa wapapa zizinto zapapa zidiotshi zisuka

Kwaneecanding-ofs zobomi zifumana imvelaphi yazo kwi doujinshi. Namiri’s Yuru Yuri, eyaqala njengemanga ezipapashiweyo phambi kokuguqulela kwimpapasho edityanisiweyo, yaba yi-amme eyabhiyozela ukuthoba, amandla ahlekisayo eqela lesikolo. Le mpumelelo igxininisa ingcamango yokuba kwanemisebenzi ekhaphuphayo, i-ultrave, i-okn i-okthrome ezalwa kwimaphupha nge-doujin inokuba nesitsalane sentengiso esikhulu.

Indlela Abadali Abazimelayo Abayilungisa Ngayo Ibali Lezinto Ezingento

Impembelelo yabadali abazimeleyo idlulela kude ngaphaya kokwenziwa kweentloko ezibhaliweyo. Ubukho babo buye baguqula ngokusisiseko okokuba ngawaphi amabali anokuchazwa nendlela abaxelelwa ngayo. Bakhululwe kwimithetho yezorhwebo yeekomiti eziphambili, abazobi bamadoujin badla ngokuxhasa iimbono ezinokuthi ngapha koko zihlale zingabonakali.

Iinguqu Ngemixholo Neendidi Zokubonakalayo

Iinfleader in antime itsalelwe kwimida ethile yamanani esizwe. "iimeko-ntle" ithenjiwe kwiqela elithile lemiba, shōnen, seen, joosen, ne joosen troden . Abadali be-indiedie, noko ke, baye basoloko betyhalela imida. LGBTQ + iingxelo, umzekelo, zixhaphake kwi doujshi kudala phambi kokuba bafumane ukuthengwa komagazini weveki nganye. Iyuri ne yaoi genteres, ezivavanyanisa ulwalamano olufanayo, ezikhuliswe kakhulu kwidoujins, kwaye ezininzi zabazoli abathathi kamva bafaka ezi ncwadi zentengiso, kunye nabavakalisi abazibonelene ingcali zemali, ezingathi zizinto ezithenjiweyo, iimeko ezithe zangephilo.[FLT][2][FFFFFF] kunye nezinga , ngokufanayo, iinshineevos projectives , ngokufanayo, iin projects syntia

Ngokwentelekelelo, imisebenzi ezimeleyo iveza izimbo zobugcisa eziqhawuka ukusuka kwiflownithi epholisiweyo yee-studio ezinkulu. Ezinye i-doujinsshi zamkela umsebenzi orhabaxa, ubume beqela elingaqhelekanga, okanye uvavanyo lombala othe kamva waphembelela imveliso eshukumayo xa abo badwebi beqeshwa njengabayili okanye abahombi abaphambili. Isiphumo sisixhobo esivakala singafaniyo kwaye sikhaliphile.

Ukuzinikela Ngokwalathiweyo Nokwakha Uluntu

Enye yezona zinto zitshintshayo zendalo ezizimeleyo lunxulumano oluthe ngqo phakathi kwegcisa nabaphulaphuli. Kwindibano enjenge Comiket, abadali bathengisa i-doujinshi ngokujongena nobuso, bafumana ingxelo ekhawulezileyo kunye nokwakha ubuhlobo bobuqu. I-intanethi, imigangatho yezentlalo- media ivumela abazobini ukuba bathelele abazobini abaxhasi abathenjiweyo. Olu nxulumano lwendlela ludla ngokukhokelela kwimibhiyo ekubangeniseni abaqhubi abaqhubi abaqhubi abaqhubi benqwelo-moya okanye abagqibekileyo be-OV. Ngelixa kusafuneka, i-natle, [[FLT:][FLT][2][FLD2][FLT:] uDakraza-A kusuka ku-2014 [2014] abaphula-2014]

Abantu abahlala kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo baba zizinto ezizongezelelweyo zenkqubo yokudala. Ubugcisa bokwenza izinto, amabali aphucukileyo, kunye namaqela okuguqulela bafikelela kwi-doujinshi ngaphaya kweJapan, ukwakha abaphulaphuli abathi kamva baxhase amaNgesi asemthethweni akhutshwayo nawakhekelwe ingeniso. Oku kunciphisa imiqobo ye-doujinshi ukuze bafumane i-studio efuna ihlelo elilandelayo.

I-injini Yezoqoqosho Nenkcubeko YeeNdibano ZaseDoujinshi

Comiket kunye neziganeko ezifana ne Comic1 okanye iKansai-esekelwe kwiKomiComi ayiyomibutho nje yokuzonwabisa; ziincutshe zabaqhubi bezoqoqosho. Amashumi ezigidi ze-yen atshintsha izandla minyaka le iComiket kuphela [, ixhasa yonke into esuka kumaxabiso okushicilela ukuya kumsebenzi omkhulu olandelayo. Abavakalisi kunye nabashicileli be-ame bahlola ezi ziganeko ngonqulo, bexhotyiswe ngamakhadi nezivumelwano zeshishini. Kwakhona indibano ikhuthaza uhlobo olungaqhelekanga lorhwebo: doujshi oluthengisa ngaphandle kwe-a ngokukhawuleza lukhupha isitshiyo esinokuthi sisasaze kwisixhobo soshishino-ndaba kunye namadiza-mathemati, yenza ukuba abasebenzi bezorhwebo bangazihoyihoyi.

Le nyaniso yezoqoqosho idibene nomgca phakathi komsebenzi wengcali kunye nomntu ongafundanga. Abazobi abaninzi abanempumelelo bamanga bayaqhubeka bepapasha i-doujinshi ecaleni komsebenzi wabo olandelelanayo, besebenzisa inkululeko yokuzifaka isaziso sokulinga namabali asecaleni okanye imisebenzi yobuqu. Iziphumo zongcoliso olunqamlezileyo ziqinisa ushishino lonke, njengoko iingcamango ezivavanyiweyo kushishino lwe-doujin kamva zivela kwimveliso ye-ayimin.

Utshintsho lwamanani kunye nokufikelela kwehlabathi lonke

I-Internet ilungise i-doujinshi impucuko yamanani njenge media. Iplatform enjenge pixiv, i-Twitter, kunye ne Fanbox ivumela abazobi ukuba babonise umsebenzi wabo emhlabeni wonke ngaphandle kokushicilela ikopi enye. Iivenkile zamanani zokukhuphela ulwazi ezifana ne DLsite ne Boothline, yenza kubenako kumdali e-Osaka ukuthengisa i-doujin kwi-ant eBerlin ngemizuzu nje embalwa. Olu tshintsho lwamanani luye lwanyusa isantya apho imisebenzi ezimeleyo ifumana unikezelo lwezizwe ngemiboniso, ngoko ke icelela unikezelo lwemijikelo okanye uguqulelo olusemthethweni.

Inkanuko yehlabathi lonke ye-doujinshi ibangele ukuba kubekho uhlaziyo oluguqulelweyo kunye namaqela angophinziyo angokwasemthethweni asebenzisa i-scanting athe, phezu kwayo nje imimandla engwevu engagunyaziswanga, aqala umsebenzi we-mentenel kubafundi abangengomaJaphan. Ngoxa iingxoxo zemithetho yokuziphatha ziqhubeka, akukho kukhanyelwa ukuba oku kutyhilwa kwangaphambili kuvule indlela yolawulo olusemthethweni lwe-simpub kwaye kwagunyazisa intengiso yehlabathi lonke lwe-doujinshi-aimine. Iziganeko ezifana ne-Anime Expolup eLos Angeles neMCM Comic Con eLondon ngoku i-Doujshi ingcay, udwells, uks ukuqwalaywamkelwa kwelizwe lonke lonke.

Iingxaki Eziselubhakabhakeni

Phezu kwayo nje impembelelo ekhulayo, abadali abazimeleyo bajongene nemiqobo engapheliyo. Eyona iphambili yintambo eqinileyo esemthethweni phakathi kokuchasana komlinganiso oguqu-guquko kunye nokungagunyaziswa komququzeleli. UDoujinshi obonisa iimpawu ezikhoyo kwindawo engwevu esemthethweni; ngoxa abavakalisi baseJapan besoloko beyinyamezela i-petroncess njenge projecto, ukunyanzelisa ngonya olungekho mthethweni okanye imisebenzi ebonakalisa umfanekiso womda osemthethweni enokwenzeka.

Ukugcwala kwentengiso kubangela olunye ucelomngeni. Ngokufumana intabalala entsha kwindibano nganye, ukuma ngaphandle kufuna kungekuphela nje ubuchule bobugcisa kodwa kwanengqiqo enzulu yokunyusela, ukuvelisa, nokubeka ixesha. Kwi-doujinshi nganye eba yimvakalelo yentsholongwane, amawaka athengisa intwana yemibhalo. Ukuguquka kokuphumelela okuzipapasha ukuze ufikelele kwiimeko zobugcisa, kufuna uninzi olongezelelekileyo lwezibonelelo zobugcisa, ukuphatha amalungelo eenjineli, kwaye ngokufuthi kuphambukela ecaleni ngelixa umsebenzi uchaza kwakhona. Oodali abaxabisa ukuzimela kwabo banokufumana icebo elidiza, nangamaxesha athile, bedinisa.

Ukuzixhasa kwemali kuhlala kusegumbini. Ngoxa izixa-mali ezininzi kunye nezigcini-mali zamanani zinika imijelo emitsha yengeniso, uninzi lwabazobi be-doujinshi abanakuxhomekeka kwingeniso yabo kuphela ukuze baziziphilise. Uninzi lomsebenzi ozigcinayo ixesha okanye ugcine imisebenzi engahambelaniyo ngexesha lokuzixhobisa ngemali yabo, beyishicilela kunye nezinto zokwakha. Ukwandisa unikezelo lwemveliso, izixhobo ezinokufumaneka ngokungenamali, kunye nemodeli zemali ezinokusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo azinanzeka okokuba umbhobho wediseza kuhlala uvutha.

Ikamva Lombhobho Ozimeleyo

Ukujonga phambili, ulwalamano phakathi kwe-doujinshi ne-aine lulungele ukunzulu. Inkqubela kwi-software yoopopayi kunye nezixhobo ezikude zokuncedana zinciphisa ixabiso lokuvelisa inqwelo-moya ehambayo ngokuzimeleyo. Sele, iziphumo ezifutshane ze-amime ezelwe kwi-doujun zangqalo zomculo okanye amaqela amancinane oopopayi avela ku-YouTube no Nicovideo, itsala ingqalelo yabavelisi ababona amathuba okunokwenzeka okupheleleyo komjikelezo omlinganiselo. Impumelelo yewebcomic efana [[FLT:]] I-Tower of God [ngangemvelaphi ye Korea]] ibonise ukuba abaphulayo banxanele iingxelo ezivela ngaphandle komjikelo wemajelo-mendi, kunye nesiJapane zisebenza ngendlela egqibeleleyo.

Ngokungatshintshiyo, ukuphakama okukhulayo komfanekiso we-indidi yaseNtshona kunye namahlaya angakhuthaza ukunqamleza- ukudibana okuqhelekileyo, nedangatha le-doujinsshi lisebenzisana nabadali behlabathi lonke ukukhupha iprojekthi ze-ayimine kwimigangatho equkuqelayo. Imodeli evumela abadali ukuba bagcine ulawulo oluninzi.

Ekuqukumbeleni, uhambo ukusuka kwi-doujinshi ukuya kwi-amine asiyomiqobo engaqhelekanga kodwa yimithambo ebalulekileyo yokondla i-emonth ngegazi elitsha. Abadali abazimeleyo baye basuka kwimiphetho ukuya ekuqwalaselweni, bezisa amabali akhulisa umgangatho wemvakalelo, imbonakalo engafaniyo, kunye nenkcubeko. Njengoko ubugcisa buqhawula imiqobo yokugqibela phakathi komda nabaphulaphuli, impembelelo yaba bacuphi abazizileyo iza kukhula, beqinisekisa ukuba i-aimace ihlala ingumfanekiso onamandla kwaye iquka ubugcisa obuninzi ukutyhubela amashumi eminyaka ezayo.