Ibali ngalinye liqala ngendlela eqheleke ngayo. Enyanisweni, lulwimi oluthethwayo oluchaza izinto ezithile kuba lunika intuthuzelo nokucaca: uhambo lweqhawe, unxantathu, unxantathu wothando, umncedisi osisilumko, ubuchule bokokugqiba phakathi kokulungileyo nokubi. Le miboniso, ibizwa ngokuba yi-tropes, ayiyonto ingaqhelekanga. Enyanisweni, lulwimi oludityanisiweyo lwabali-bali. Lucelomngeni kubabhali kukuba ukuthembela kwezi ndibano kuyakwazi ukushwankathela imbali ukuze ingqikelele. Ubuchule bokuyenza loo nto intle nokuyigoba de kube yinto emangalisayo, i-resona, i-resonakade ithe kratya, ukuphenduku, ukuphembeleka komvo lubangela ukudidelela amava angokweemvakalelo kwaye lumemezele ukubuza abafundi ukuba bathandabuze imibuzo yabo ngohlobo oluthile, intsingiselo nentsingiselo.

Yintoni Ngokwenene Intambo Yenyukela?

I-trope sisixhobo esibonakalayo esichaza amabali, i-figm okanye indibano ethwala intsingiselo yesithethe. Inokuba luphawu (inkedama emiselwe ukuba ibe nkulu), isibham somjikelo (uqeqesho), ulwalamano olunamandla (iintshaba-ukuya kuzithanda), okanye kwanesandla esifutshane esibonakalayo (ukuhamba kancinci ukusuka ekuqhumeni). Imigca isebenza njengendlela enqumlayo yokuhlola, ivumela abaphulaphuli ukuba bazifake kwibali elikhawulezayo. Eli gama ngokwalo liqala kwintsomi ye-credic, apho “inkingx" ithetha ukusetyenziswa kolwimi okanye isidewudio, kodwa ingcamango yezikhalo zale mihla iphucule ukusetyenziswa kwayo ukukhupha iibloko zefishini, i-televi, i-televidiograph, nemidlalo.

Kubalulekile ukwahlula phakathi kwetrope necliché. I-cliché yi-trope esetyenziswa rhoqo kwaye incinane kakhulu kangangokuba iphulukana namandla ayo. Itrope efakwe kakuhle, kwelinye icala, ingamisa ibali xa isanikela igumbi lolwazi. Isitshixo kukuqonda. Ababhali abaqonda amathambo egenre yabo abakhethiweyo bangagqiba ngoko ukuba ngawaphi amathambo aphukayo, akhiwe kwakhona, okanye ashiyeke eqinileyo.

I Psychology Ngasemva kwe phawu lwe Troyi

Kutheni sikunandipha ukubona iintsontela eziqhelekileyo ziphendulwa? Ingqondo yomntu icebisa ukuba ifakwe ucingo ukuze ifumane ingqiqo yehlabathi. Xa ipateni isekwa ize iphazamiseke ngendlela enentsingiselo, ibangela ingxinano kwaye isoloko isenza sisabele ngokunzulu ngokweemvakalelo. Lo ngumgaqo “wokufaka umzekelo.” Kwintengiso, uphazamisa umthengi ngaphandle kwe-auto profector; xa ibali, libangela uvuyo, uloyiko, okanye isityhilo.

Ilungu lomculo liyakunelisa ukunqwenela ukuganana. Izifundo ziye zafunda kakhulu ukuchaza amabali. Zicinga ukuba zigqwethekile, zikhuthaza iimpawu zomsebenzi, kwaye zabelana ngeengcamango kwi-intanethi. Ukujika i-trope eqheleke kakhulu kwimivuzo yayo ephambili yokuba nokufunda. Ithi kubaphulaphuli, “Ucinga ukuba wazi ukuba le nto ihamba phi, kodwa kukho okuninzi kunoko kudibana nako.” Ukuhlonela kwabo baphulaphuli kukhuthaza unxibelelwano olunzulu lomsebenzi.

Noko ke, xa ukwenziwa gwenxa kwento ethile kuvakala kuyinto engaqhelekanga okanye kungenamsebenzi, kunokwenza abantu bachukumiseke.

Ukuzoba imephu yomhlaba: Ukufumana Iintambo Zokujika

Phambi kokuba uphazamise i-trope, kufuneka uyibone kakuhle. Qala ngokuqwalasela iindibano ze-genere yakho ephambili. Ukuba ubhala imfihlelo, zibuze oko abaphulaphuli bakulindeleyo: umcuphi okrelekrele kodwa onengxaki, umcuphi obomvu, umbutho obonakalayo apho umkhohlisi etyhilwa khona. Kwiphupha elicacileyo, amathemba anokuba quka igosa elixelwe kwangaphambili, inkosi emnyama, ikhubalo, kunye nobudlelane bamaqabane akho. Bazichazele phandle. Ngoobani ababona ukuba bangundoqo kwintelekelelo yakho? Ziziphi eziboneke zibonakala zibonakala zingabonakali?

Kungaba luncedo uphando lwe trope ezi- ii-TV Tropes, kodwa sebenzisa ezo zixhobo njengendawo yokuqala, hayi iplani. Injongo ayikokuphepha i trope ngokupheleleyo. Kukungaqheleki ````kokuba ubandakanyeke nazo ngokuzenzekelayo. Khetha intlobano ezimbini zesiseko ukuphazamisa, kunokuzama ukutshabalalisa yonke indibano ngexesha elinye, enokuthi ivelise ibali elingathi alichananga.

Ii-coree zobugcisa bokukhupha iintambo

1. Guqula uhlobo lophawu lwe Archeetype

Eyona ndlela yethuku kukuthatha uhlobo lwesitokhwe kwaye unike iimpawu okanye izisusa eziphikisana ngqo nolu qikelelo. Iqhawe, isenzo esingekhoyo ngokweemvakalelo lingagcina ngokufihlakeleyo ulindindi wemaphupha anenkcukacha ze likhale kwimizi yobugcisa. I-igénue isenokuba ngumphathi onegunya. Umncedisi angayekelela ngokuyingozi, anyanzelise umxhasi ukuba aphumelele nangona eli cebiso liyingozi. Le ngxaki isebenza kakuhle xa ukuphikisana kuvakala ukuba i-athom kwimbali yomntu, hayi i-scripline encinci. Nika iingcambumbu eziphikisanayo: kutheni igorha? Yintoni eyenza ukuba inkokeli elumkileyo igxeke kakhulu? Ukuphendula loo mibuzo iphucula lo msebenzi.

2. Hlaziya amastake

Ubuninzi bemibhobho esebenzayo ngomlinganiselo omkhulu: isiphelo sobukumkani, ukusinda koluntu, idabi lommandla jikelele phakathi kokukhanya nobumnyama. Ngoxa ezi zibonda zingaba mnandi, zinokuba yinto engabonakaliyo. Ukhuni lungabangelwa kukususa izibonda zisenze into enzulu kakhulu. Kunokumisa umsitho wehlabathi oqhubekekayo, umxhasi wenkqubo ehamba phambili usenokuba uzama ukusindisa indlalifa yentsapho engenawo amandla omlingo kodwa ixabiso elikhulu lemvakalelo. Okanye, ungafaka izibonda ezithe zathi zibonakale zingenamsebenzi. Unyulo lwesikolo luba ngumzabalazo wokwenyaniso wemaMachiavellean ngenxa yeziphumo zobomi bobungendawo engekho sikweni. Ukutshintsha kwemikhosi yemilinganiso ekwazi ukuphinda ingabi nanto i-ebhulo.

3. Faka uxinzeleleko olungathembekanga

Isithethi esingathembekanga sisixhobo esinamandla sokuguqula uluvo lwabaphulaphuli lweziganeko. Obu buchule bungahluka-hlukene ukusuka kumntu olala ngesiquphe (njengesaphuli-mthetho esijija ngentsomi) ukuya kulowo onengqiqo ebuthathaka kukugula ngengqondo, unxunguphalo, okanye ukungabikho kolwazi. Ukugqwetheka kwenzeka xa umfundi eqonda ibali ebebebebeli alilobali lokwenene. Imizekelo yeqela iquka [[FLT: 0] Utshaba lukaRock Aroyd[[[FLT: 1]] umlinganiselo okhoyo womntu oziqhelanisayo nolutyhilayo kamva okanye ulwambuliso oluthe gcawu. [[FLTLT:] [FF2]] Flust [FLD].[FLT].

Ulwaleko

Ukuxuba kuyindlela yokuvukela kuba kucel ’ umngeni amathemba abaphulaphuli ngesandi kunye nesiphumo. Ibali elihlasimlis ’ umzimba elithi ngequbuliso lithathe isandi sento efana nento ethandwayo yothando linokuba lidibanisa ngendlela elungileyo, logama nje udityaniso lusenziwa ngenjongo. Le filimu jov] jout nguJordan Peele] ochaza ngokuphandleyo inkcaciso yentlalo, umqhankqalazo, nowoyiso womzimba, ukwala ukudityaniswa nemithetho enye ye-genre. Xa incoko ivela kwi-genss, i-tropes esetyenziswa ngokutyibilisayo. Umtshato olungileyo usenokuhlaselwa kukuxoxisana kwe-gnomo, okanye ukuchuku, okanye ukuchukushwa kwe-gqhwin.

5. Phakamisa intsontela Ngengqikelelo

Ngubani othetha ngefolokhwe ebekwe phambili. Isicwangciso esinemibala ephezulu singaziva sintsha ngokupheleleyo xa sihluziwe kumehlo asecaleni. Cinga ngohambo lweqhawe eliqhelekileyo elixelwe kumbono womgcini wendlu yendwendwe obukela uthotho lwento ekhatheleyo edinwayo, enzima. Oku kudibeneyo kungabhenca ubumfiliba beendibano ezithile okanye ziboleke i-athos ezingalindelekanga. “uqwalaselo olukhethekileyo” luba lububutshitshijolo olunzima olutshabalalisa ubuhlobo babantwana; i-oyroot i-oglot i-ogle ijika isibongozo esizidinisayo, esizidibanisela ukuqonda. Imbono etshintshayo ayifuni inguqulelo, kodwa iyazitshintsha ngokunjalo iziganeko.

Uphando lwetyala kwintsontela ezilula

Uhlalutyo lwemisebenzi ephumeleleyo kwintambo eqinileyo yokujika inokukhanyisa ubuchule bokusebenza.

tropek [2001] [1] idiliza indlela yeDisney-fiedity trantal ngokufaka i-ogre ekhutheleyo exhathisa indima yegogre. Le filimu ayizange iguqule nje “i-Promosts”; yabuza yonke ingcamango yokuba isiphelo sembonakalo esilungileyo sifuna utshintsho olusemzimbeni. Ukhetho lweFiona lokuhlala uchaza kwakhona ulonwabo emva kokuba wamkelekile kunokwamkela ubuchule bokulungisa. Impumelelo yefilimu yabonisa ukuba abaphulaphuli babelambele ibali lokuzingca elinokudlala kwaye babhiyo iingcambu zabo.

Intombi yokuqala yencwadi ebhalwe nguGillian Flynn inyuse “umfazi obhidayo” ngokumenza umfazi angabi lixhoba elingasebenzi kodwa abe ngumyili wendlela yokuziphindezelela. Isiqingatha sokuqala sencwadi sixhomekeke kakhulu kwintlondi yomyeni obesele ebulale iqabane lakhe, phambi kokuba isityhilo seqonga sikhuphe yonke into. I-subsion ayisobhithanga nje icebo; ichaza indlela iinguqu zexhoba, ubudoda, kunye nomtshato. Ibali lihlala lisoyikisa kakhulu kuba ligatyalile ukuvuma naluphi na uhlobo lokuziphatha oluphezulu.

[[FLT: 0] INqanamnamzi Eyokugqibela ye-Jedi (2017), ngelixesha imele iphulo lokuphelisa iimfazwe zemfazwe ze-star iintsomi. URian Johnson wathatha uhambo olulindelekileyo lwegorha leRey ne Luk Skysholler wayiguqula yaba kukucamngca ngokungaphumeleli, okulilifa, nengozi yonqulo lwegorha. Ityhila ukuba abazali bakaRey bangenabodies ngqo baluthi yegazi elinamandla igrope eyahlulwa lulo. Nokuba ubani akavumi nokubulawa, ifilimu ibonisa ukuba i-franchipesko inokuba icekkuce ukuditya ukudidelwa kwazo.

Umzekelo wombhali, qwalasela [[FLT: 0] Warde Sargasso Sea ngu Jean Rhys, osebenza njenge prequel kwaye ophendula JEAYRE. Ngokufaka uBertha Mason] “umfazi kwi attic"" uguqula ithanga kunye ne tropes zoqobo, unika ilizwi kumntu owayesisixhobo sokwenza isicwangciso esithuleyo. Olu hlobo lobaliso lubonisa ukuba ukuguqulwa kolwimi lungasisixhobo senkcubeko njengendlela yokuzonwabisa.

Xa Iqela lenjongo ethile liphosakele: Ifatyi eziqhelekileyo

Ngako konke ukujikajika, kungabuya nomkhwezelo. Eyona mpazamo idla ngokubakho yi “siphoso ngaphandle kwento ekhoyo.". Umbhali uchaza ukujijwa okujijekileyo `````ilungu elinyanisekileyo'''', isiprofeto sixoka -- kodwa asiphumeleli ukwakha inkxaso yengxelo yaso. Ujijeko luziva lungekho ngqiqweni, yaye abaphulaphuli bavakalelwa kukuba lusetyenziswa kunokuba luhlonisiwe. I-ANSCO kufuneka ivakalelwe. I-Retrospective shorection shortive short inje, nokuba banokungaqondakali.

Omnye umgibe kukonakalisa i-trope abaphulaphuli abayinandipha ngokucacileyo. Imfihlelo emnandi ejika ngokukhawuleza ingabikho lula kwaye ibulale ifleuth ethandekayo kwisenzo sokuqala ingamangalisa, kodwa ikwayingcambu yesivumelwano semvakalelo. Yazi oko kulindelwe ngabaphulaphuli. I-Options akufunekanga ibe yidelelo nge-genre; imele ibe yincoko ekrelekrele ngayo. Ukungathobeli kunika i-gen imbeko ngexesha lokwandisa imida yayo.

Imposiso enxulumeneyo kukudida ukudideka ngokusuka kwi-inversion. Ukwenza wonke umcebisi onyamezela ixesha elide engendawo ngokufihlakeleyo, okanye wonke umdla ontle wothando onobukhohlakele obungachazekiyo, uba yindlela yayo ecacileyo. Ukuguqulwa kokwenene kudla ukongeza ubuntsonkothile kunokuqanda nje i-slemp. Uphawu oluquka ezinye izinto ze-trope eqheleke ngokwenene logama ukonakalisa abanye kunomtsalane kakhulu kunokujika.

Ukuyila Isibalo Sakho Esisezantsi: Umsebenzi Oluncedo

Ukuba ukulungele ukuzoba indibano, indlela elungelelanisiweyo inokukunceda ulondoloze ulwalamano.

Inyathelo 1: Khetha Intambo Yakho Ye-ankile

Khetha i-trope esembindini we-gendre yakho kwaye ifakwe ngokunzulu kwingqiqo yabaphulaphuli. Isenokuba yi- “grant edala,” i-“jucking,” imvukelo yedyma,” okanye“imfihlelo yegumbi elitshixiweyo." Don’s incochola iinkcukacha zokulahla; khetha umqadi othwala umthwalo.

Inyathelo 2: Tyhila Amalungu Alo

Yahlula i trope ibe ziinxenye zayo ezibalulekileyo. “umxhasi” umzekelo, uquka umntu omdala, onamava okhokela umqhubi oselula, unika ubulumko, kwaye usoloko efa ukukhuthaza ukukhula kwegorha. Buza: kutheni umncedisi emele abe mdala? Kutheni kufuneka bafe? Ukuba umqhubi unguntanga, okanye umntwana, okanye umntu osoloko engafuni ukuba afumane ingqwalaselo? Kuthekani ukuba ubulumko babo buphosakele ngokupheleleyo? Buthini ukuba buphosakele yonke into? Bubuzeni na na?

Inyathelo 3: Khetha kwindlela yakho yobulula

Ingaba uza kufihla uphawu, ushicilele izibonda, ulungise imbonakalo, uxubanise i-genres, okanye usebenzise isikhuphi esingenakuthenjwa? Khetha indlela engundoqo kwaye mhlawumbi enye yesibini yokujijeka. Bhala phantsi inkcazelo ecacileyo yenjongo yakho yoqhekeko, umzekelo: “Umqhubi wesixhobo ukhangeleka engumsindisi oprofetiweyo, kodwa enyanisweni, isiprofeto sisixhobo sobupolitika esisetyenziswa ukulawula abantu, kwaye uhambo lokwenene lwe-protagon sikwahlula loo ntsomi."

Inyathelo 4: Hlakulela Imbewu Kusephambili

Ukuze ucaciswe ukuba uziva ungenazintsholongwane, kufuneka ubeke isiseko. Ukuba iqabane lomcuphi liza kuboniswa njengesaphuli-mthetho sokwenyaniso, kufuneka ufune amathuba angaphambi kwexesha apho izenzo zeqabane lakho, zibonwa ngokukhanya okwahlukileyo, qiqa. Ezi mbewu akufunekanga zicace, kodwa kufuneka zifumaneke kwisibini sokufundwa okanye sokubukwa. Ukufunda izikhokelo ku-'FLT:0] i-Writer’s Digest[[[[FLT: 1]] okanye ukufunda ngemifanekiso efana nemifanekiso engooontaths banokulola ubuchule bakho.

Inyathelo 5: Gcina inyaniso Engokweemvakalelo

Nanjengoko ujija icebo nophawu, isiseko semvakalelo kufuneka sihlale sinyanisile. Ukufihla isiqu se-intelling ngokuvula isini ngokusilela isibini ekupheleni kungaba nesibindi, kodwa ukuba imigca eshukumayo yendlela abavakalelwa ngayo ikhokelele kwindawo enyanisekileyo yokukhula ngaphandle komnye, inokuba yeyanelisa kakhulu. Ingxubevange ezibini zemfezeko ngenxa yokujijwa kobuqhinga. Abaphulaphuli kufuneka bavakalelwe into enobungozi, ulo olubi, ukwamkelwa ngokupholileyo, ukuqhankqa umbhali.

Inyathelo 6: Intshukumo

Yabelana nge meta yakho ne meta ethembekileyo eyaziyo le foni. Babuze apho bavakalelwa bedidekile, bekhohlisiwe, okanye bevuya. Ibrorho engundoqo isoloko iyingxoxo nabaphulaphuli abathe bacinga ngayo, kwaye maxa wambi into ebonakala icacile kumbhali imfiliba kumfundi. Phulaphula inkcazelo ngokujijwa nokungaqondakali. Injongo iyamangalisa, hayi ukuphulukana nomfundi ngokupheleleyo.

Ubuchule Belizwi Nentonga Kwibali Elincinane

Ngaphandle kodweliso lodweliso, ilizwi nesandi kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekubonakaliseni ukuguqulwa. Ilizwi elihlekisayo lingamcukuceza umfundi ukuba angathathi trappe nganye phambi kwexabiso. Ngokuchaseneyo, isandi esithe bhetyebhetye, inyanisekile ingenza utshintsho kamva lube nzima kuba abaphulaphuli bencwadi bengazange bavakalelwe kukuba babhinqile. Cinga ngokusondeleyo. Ukusondela kwento enzima ehlala isophule udonga lwesine, njengakwi [[FLT:]] uDepoolk [ iifilimu, zithambeka kwi-mediversition. Kodwa okungabonakaliyo, phantse kunokuphazamisa, njengokuba kubhalwe kwibali elifana noKazuo Ishburo. [FT] [ithrogn] [ift]

Isingqi se-stime, umfanekiso, kunye negama elikhethwayo zingenza zonke ziqine okanye zincitshiswe ii-tropes. Umboniso wothando ochazwe kwiclichéd, iprose ingaba siseko somcimbi owenziwe ngabom ukuze utyhilwe kamva ukuba uthando lwaluyimposiso. Ulandelelwano lwedabi olufana nendlela efana nebhombu enzima yephuphayo phambi kokungqubana, izivakalisi ezidiweyo zingabonisa ukuwa kwemilinganiselo yobuqhawe.

Indima Yemeko Yesithethe

Iintambo azikho kwikhamandela; zithwala imithwalo yenkcubeko. Ukungaqondi okubalulekileyo ngomzuzu omnye wenkcubeko kusenokungqubana okanye kucaphuke kwenye. “i-tromsel entlungwini”, xa ibhukuqwa, ingaba yingxelo yamalungelo ombini, kodwa ukuba iphethwe ngokulula, ingaphethukela kwizinto ezingabonakaliyo. Ukuqonda imbali kunye neentsingiselo ze-trope esebenzayo osebenza ngayo kuyinxalenye yokubhala ngokufanelekileyo. Ukufunda inkcaciso yempucuko kunye nokushwa kwamagama okukhoyo [[FLT:]] okanye kwiincwadi zolwazi ezifundisayo kunika ukuqonda indlela i-tropepe esebenzayo neyo. I-Promppeansties ingathetha ukuba kuphelwe amandla okuncinwayo, kwaye kudityaniswa kwento esetyenziswayo, kwaye kudityaniswa nento esetyenziswayo.

Ngaphaya Kweentsontela: Ukwakha Ubungqina Kuwo Wonke Umaleko

Ekugqibeleni, ukuguqulwa kuyindlela, hayi isiphelo. Amabali anyamezelayo ngalawo, ngaphandle kojikelezo lwawo olukrelekrele, anika abantu esibakhathaleleyo, ulwimi olusishukumisayo, kunye nengqiqo ezihlala zikho. Sebenzisa ukugqwethwa njengesimbo sokuhlola oko kukuthanda ngokwenene njengombhali, `````````''''''''.' Imbali eninzi eninzi ekhunjululwayo ijongeka kancinci njengomdlalo webali,''', isebenzisa iindibano zobugqhinga, ukungakwazi ukukhumbula, okanye ukugobhtha kwenkumbulo. Imbali eninzi engenakulibaleka ivakala ifana nomdlalo wentelekelelo ye-Cchesss kwaye ifana nokuhlola okuthembeka kwemeko yomntu, isebenzisa iindibano njengenthsubrereyibhu.

Njengoko ubhala, khumbula icebiso lababali bamava abanamava: Musa ukuvumela ukuphenjelelwa kwebali kusithelise intliziyo. Abafundi baya kuxolela icebo elithe ngqo ukuba bayabathanda aba basebenzi, kodwa banqabile ukuxolela ukungakhathali ngokweemvakalelo ezinxibe ngobukrelekrele. Ziphathe ngendlela eqhelekileyo uze uzifake ngemvakalelo yokwenene, uze ke uzijike ngenjongo. Bubuchule obo bokuzijika: ukungawuchazi ulo ngenxa yengxolo, kodwa ke ke baluxolele ngoko ukukhanya kutsho kuwele ngendlela entsha nebonisa ukukhanya.