anime-in-global-contexts
Obona Bucelomngeni Bukhulu Kubantu AbaneAnime EIndiya NaseAfrika: Ukuhamba Ngephenyane, Ukufikelela Kwizinto Ezingekhoyo Nezithintelo Zoluntu
Table of Contents
Umhlaba Okhethekileyo Weaine Fandom EIndiya NaseAfrika
Ihlombe elikwi-Indiya ne-Afrika asiyonto yokuzihlaziya nje kuphela, kukuxelelwa kwehlabathi lonke izinto ezibangela umdla kulutsha lwasekuhlaleni. Noko ke, amajelo adibana neengxaki ezithi ezinye zazo eJapan, eUnited States, okanye eYurophu zivele. ukusuka kulawulo oluceliweyo lwezibonelelo zikarhulumente ukuya kutsho ekuswelekeni kweenkonzo ezisemthethweni, indlela yokufumana i-ammee ibandakanya ukuqhuba i-migracsko, inkqele, kunye nobugcisa. Ezi zinto zidibeneyo ziqheleke ngendlela ezithengwa ngayo, zabelana, zabelana kwezi mimandla. Le mimandla, kunye nobuninzi babo boluntu kunye nokukhuliswa kwamanani, imele ummandla ongakhuselwanga ushishino oluphezulu. Kodwa, inkqubo ekhuselweyo, iyaqhubeka imiqobo, ukulingana nobuchule obuqhelekileyo, ukulingana nobuchule bezoqoqosho, kunye nokunqongoluvo oluphezulu.
Amava awasebenzi njengesixhobo sokulinganisa isantya senqanawa. EIndiya, uxinzeleko phakathi kolwamkelo lwamanani olukhawulezileyo kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo ye-adithemin idala isiseko esixenga-ngxengekileyo. Ngaphesheya kwe-Afrika, amazwe ahlukeneyo anjenge Nigeria, Kenya, kunye noMzantsi Afrika azama ukumelana nezithuba zezibonelelo ngeli xesha exanduva nemithetho ye-colonia collation. Kodwa, ngaphantsi kwale mingeni kukho isiseko sobuchule bobugcisa bokusebenzisa amayeza okusebenzisa amayeza kunye nobuchule bokwakha uqhagamshelwano. Ukuqonda okudityanisana kungundoqo ekuqondeni ugcino-a actedrom nokubaluleka kwezisombululo eziqululo.
Ugcino lwesango leNkcubeko kunye nokugcinwa
Ulawulo lwezorhwebo eIndiya naseAfrika ludla ngokubangelwa ngumnqweno wokukhusela ukuziphatha kwabantu, kodwa ukuphunyezwa kwalo kunokuphazamisa abalandeli abangekho mthethweni. Oorhulumente namaziko enkcubeko anamandla abalulekileyo ekugqibeni oko kwamkelekileyo. Eli candelo lihlolisisa intsalela yolawulo echaphazela ubukho boluntu, ukusuka kwimimiselo esemthethweni ukuya kwiimpembelelo zonqulo, nendlela abagqwetha ngayo ukusetyenziswa kwendalo.
Imithetho kaRhulumente kunye noMgangatho woLondolozo
EIndiya, iBhodi ePhakathi yeFilim (CFC) igunyazisa ukuba yonke imiboniso ekhutshiweyo inamathele kukhokelo olungqongqo. Imifanekiso ye-Anime ebonisa ugonyamelo olugqithisileyo, imixholo evuselelayo, okanye ukungavumelani kwezobupolitika isoloko ihlelwa okanye ivalwa. Umzekelo, 2020 yekhowudi yokusasaza eIndiya eyalelwe "ukutshintsha okanye ukujongwa kakubi," ekhokelela ekunqumleni [kumgangatho we-] Ukungqubana kobundlobongela [umkhosi] [umkhosi] [[FLT]] [umlinganiselo we- Filect: 1] ilwa nemifanekiso etshintsha ubukhulu obungatshintshiyo. [unyaka olandelayo] i-Applity, i-Platemss, iyakwazi ukuvala i-'''''ibhuthi ye-arts , apho i-'injini ye-Foglayintiat, ithel'ekhokeleleka khona iinkonzo ezithenjiso, apho i-enzima, apho itheneyo itheneyo
Izicwangciso ezisemthethweni zahluka kakhulu. IBhodi yeSizwe seFilim neVidiyo ye-Censors (NFVCB) ihlolisisa oko kuqulethwe yimiqathango echasene norhulumente okanye izibheno zesini, nto leyo ekhokelela ekuvalweni okucacileyo kongcelele olufanayo [[FLT: 0]] Inqaku loDeast kwezinye iindawo zokusasaza. Oku kutyhalela phakathi komthetho nenkululeko yobugcisa kwenza imeko engapheliyo yokungaqiniseki kwemimiselo kunye nabakhupheli-yo ngokufanayo. I-froce iyatshintsha, ngeendawo zasemaphandleni maxa lixhomekeke kwimigangatho yoluntu engacwangciswanga.
Imilinganiselo Yonqulo Neyokuziphatha
Imfundiso yonqulo iphembelela kakhulu utshintsho lolwazi kumasebe oomatiloshe omabini. EIndiya, kuvela iingxabano xa i-ayini iquka amaHindu okanye iintsomi ngendlela ezingaqhelekanga, njengokuba zibonwa ngezinye Fate/Sullate/Hlala ebusuku[. Amaqela esizwe esingumHindu athe afumana utshintsho olupheleleyo. Amaqela asekuhlaleni ajongene nolwaneliseko. Abanjalo abanyanzeli beplati ewe kwi-ibralthi, i-Sudan, imixholo ekhankanya imixholo okanye ukunyelisa intetho ekhatheleyo. [[Flurn]
Impembelelo Kumazwi Okudala
Uhlaziyo lohlalutyo lungasithinteli nje kuphela inkqubela-phambili yobukho bengingqi kodwa kwanabenzi bobugcisa basekuhlaleni. EIndiya, abakhi abakhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokuyila basoloko bephepha ukuqola okanye ukuphikisana nemixholo enokwenzeka. Le ngxaki yokuzikhusela ithintela ubunzulu bolwakhiwo lwe-petroli ekhoyo kwaye ithintela ukuvela koshishino lwendawo ephefumlelweyo lwenyani. Kwi-Indiya, abanye abadali baye batshintsha ukuthatha inkcacitho okanye ukutshintsha i-mediacterss ukuphendla, ngexa bekwi-Afrika, abakhankanyiswa yi-ntekiso yokuchukumisa izinto eziziibhiyo ukufikelela kwiminxeba. Izixhobo ezifihlakeleyo zinokubhenela kwimingxusho esezantsi engokwasemthethweni nenganyanisemgamele ukukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zezixhobo zekhompyutha zekhompyutha ezisetyenziswa kwakhona kunentonga.
Umlinganiselo wokufikelela: Umsinga, i-Licenning, kunye nobuxhakaxhaka
Ukufikelela kwi-amime yindawo yedabi yamanani. Naxa ukuhlalutyiswa kolwazi kungelofeta, ugcino-lwazi oluqukuqelayo lwento ekhutshwayo eIndiya nase Afrika luzisa uxinezeleko. Eli candelo liqhekeza imiba engundoqo yokufikelela, ukusuka kwiqonga ukuya kwiingozi zezibonelelo, ezichaza into yokwenene yemini yemini.
Ukuqukuqela Ngokusemthethweni: Umhlaba Omincinane
Amaqonga asemhlabeni wonke anjenge Netflix, i-Amazon Prime Video, ne-Crunechroll isebenza kule mimandla, kodwa iikhatagothi zawo ze-aine ziqhele ukuqatshelwa. Izivumelwano ezinika imvume neendawo zoshishino zaseNtshona Koloni, zishiya abaxhasi bamaIndiya nama-Afrika benamathala eencwadi angaphelelanga okanye aphelelwe lixesha. [[FLT:] 2023] Ingxelo ye-Media Martenners Asia ibala abala libala elingaphantsi kwama-40% amatsha akhutshwayo agunyaziswe kwimimandla yaseAfrika. Iindlela zokuhlawula amaIndiya, ziveza omnye umqobo; amaqonga amaninzi afuna amakhadi okuthenga ngaphandle kokungena koobhankitha. Iinkqubo zemali zasekuhlaleni ezifana ne-UPI eziphuculwe-okth-ok-ok-ok-ok-ok, ngokwengxelo ye-20-enye ye-enye i-ekhofiki, ii-enjiso zomsebenzi ezininzi, okanye ezisetyenziswa nezi-o
Ngaphezu koko, amaxabiso omrhumo athintela abaninzi. Umrhumo wenyanga nganye weCruncoyroll ungabiza 799 rupees, eyindleko ebalulekileyo enxulumene nengeniso ephakathi. Le nyaniso yezoqoqosho iqhubela abalandeli kwiminxeba ekhululekileyo, exhasweyo esoloko ivala iziganeko zakutshanje, okanye okubi nangaphezulu, ukukhokelela ekukhutshweni. ENigeria, apho umvuzo omncinci umalunga nama-30 000 anaira, ukuchitha kwezolonwabo kuyinto yokuzonwabisa, ngoko ke i-ayi-ayiedla ngokuba ngumsebenzi wokubukela izixhobo ezibolekiweyo.
Impahla eCwangcisiweyo kunye neeNkcukacha
Ushishino lwe-intamime oluntsonkothileyo lwe-web luchaphazela ukwenzeka ngqo kwengingqi. Abasebenzi bamaJapan basoloko befumba iiwebsite ezinamalungelo aphezulu, ezikhokelela kwiindleko ezithintela ukukhutshelwa kwabathengi basekuhlaleni. EAfrika, ukungabikho kwabemi abahlala emakhaya abakhuphela phambili kuthetha ukuthembela ngokupheleleyo kwimigangatho yezizwe ngezizwe. [isithuba] esithenjiweyo sibangele intengiso echumayo yokungenamthetho, efumaneka ngabathengi abangaphezulu kwama-70% kumazwe afana neKenya, ngokwe-20222 G.[FLT] I-PGOP] ayikhange iphonise amashishini kodwa ityhile abasebenzisi kwii-marpointsko, ibonelele abasuka kwii-markenter, ikakhulu kwiimeko zezoqoqosho ezishiyeka phantsi kwe-Afrika.
Iinguqu ZeInternet Nezinto Ezihambayo
I-Intanethi ephezulu iyinto yobunewunewu kwiindawo ezininzi ze-Indiya ne-Afrika. I-Internet World Statits i-2023 i-data ibonisa ukuba eAfrika, isantya sebhanki sisoloko singaphantsi kwe-10 Mbps, sisenza i-HD okanye 4K i-antee equkuqelayo ingasebenzi. I-data yemoto, ngelixa ithelelayo, ithelela ividiyo. Elaphandleni, 4G yemibutho iyatshintsha, inyanzela irhabanisa i-ethelela ukuthembela kwimijelo esezantsi okanye ukukhuphela phantsi kwemali. Ngaphezu kwama-80% e-MEIM-emee idla ngokubona lemidathanga ye-CD, kodwa imijelo emininzi ayilungele ukusetyenziswa kwendlela esezantsi, ikhokelela kwisigcini sebhethmenti esiphezulu.
Ukuhambela Phambili Kwabantu Kurhwebo Olunezahluka-hlukeneyo
Ngaphandle kwemiqobo, uluntu lwezilokazane eIndiya nase Afrika luye lwaqhama ngobuchule. Eli candelo lihlola indlela abafuno abakha ngayo ii-internet kwaye lenze ulwaneliseko kwimeko-bume ezinolwandiso, ukusuka kwimibhobho yengingi yengingqi kwi-intanethi ukuya kwimibutho yokudibana ngaphandle komsebenzi wokudala.
Amandla Ezinto Ezifumaneka Kunxibelelwano
Izixhobo zokunxibelelana zezentlalo-ntle kunye neenkqubo ze-AwasApp, Disword, kunye ne-Reddit ziye zaba zizikhundla ezibalulekileyo. EIndiya, amaqela eFacebook anikezelwe kumalungu angaphezulu kwezigidi ezibini, akhuthaza iingxubusho neengcamango ze-african. Abalandeli baseAfrika, i-Twitter ne-Tik Tok basebenza njengeqonga lokubhenela ixesha, ngokusebenzisa ii-hashtags ukukhupha imiqobo yolwimi. Le ndawo ye-intanethi ibuyisela ukunqongophala kwezixhobo zasekuhlaleni, inikela ingqiqo yento ebalulekileyo exhasa ukugcinwa., noko ke, ithetha ukuba uqhagamshelwano lungathabatha inxaxheba kuphela kwii-mathematili, ikhokelela kukwahlulo lwemijelo phakathi koonothungelwano, ngethuba lokungena kwi-intanethi.
Iindibano Ezingekho Kunxibelelwano
Iziganeko eziphathekayo, nangona zinqabile, ziyakhula. Iziganeko ezifana ne- Commic Con ngamanye amaxesha ziveza uvavanyo lwe-ayini, zitsala amawaka eendwendwe. E-Afrika, i-ICOCON Comics kunye neConvention yeMidlalo ziquka iindawo zolawulo ze-aimante, ngelixesha iimbutho ezincinci eLagos okanye eNairobi zixhomekeke kwigama- mouth. Ezi ziganeko zinika iqonga leqonga lokuthengisa, ukurhweba, kunye neewebhusayithi, ukanti ubuninzi bazo kunye nomlinganiselo omfilibaleyo xa kuthelekiswa noomatilo aseNtshona. Iindleko zokuhamba kunye nokhuseleko ezithelekelelo, ziqhubela kwimibutho ecacileyo kwiziganeko zomzimba. Umzekelo, i-pomplance, iimodiodiodiodio, kodwa iintlobo zezobugcisa zivela phantsi kwemichncncnclue.
Ubuchule Bokwenza Izinto Njengomoya Wokuqhuba
Apho umxholo osemthethweni ungekho khona, abalandeli bangenayo. Amaqela okuguqulela enza izihloko zesiHindi, isiSwahili, okanye isiAmharic, enza kube lula ukufikelela kwabathethi abangengolwimi. Lo mgudu uluncedo, ngokufuthi wenzelwa ukukhulula, ugcina umdla kuludwe oluza kuhlala lungaqondakali. EMzantsi Afrika, i-frive- diveve iventive zinzi nezihlomelo ezifana [[[FLT: 0]]] Afrika [[[FLT: 1]] ifumene igatyatha, nangona le mali ihlala ingenasichengeyo. Ubugcisa kunye nobulali budibanisa i-ammome enkcube yenkcube, efana nohlobo lwe-Platem, udidi lwelizwe eliqhelekileyo, kodwa eliqhelekileyo. Uyakwazi ukuchaza indlela yokusebenza kwe-Plaverevolus.
Impembelelo Yentlalo Nezemfundo
Iimeko zezoqoqosho nenkqubo yemfundo zichaphazela kakhulu iicom. Eli candelo lihlolisisa iinzame ezinzulu zoluntu ekudlalweni, kuquka ingeniso eyahlukileyo, ingeniso, izifundo zasemva kwesikolo, kunye nemibutho yolutsha ehambisana nezithethe ezingqubanayo.
Iindleko Zokuba Ngumfono
Ubuchule bungumqobo ozinzileyo. Urhwebo olusemthethweni, olunjengemifanekiso eqingqiweyo okanye isinxibo, lusoloko luthunyelwa luze lufunyanwe kude lufike. I-Naruto oxie ingabiza 5000 000 lee-rupees, elingana nomvuzo weveki kwabaninzi. eAfrika, apho ingeniso elahlwayo iphantsi, i-Plugs ekhetha izinto ezenziwe ekhaya okanye ezihonjisiweyo. Le mali ixhasa ukuxhomekeka kwezoqoqosho kwinkululeko, ngokufuthi exhotyikisiweyo, kwaye ibekelwe imida yemali enxulumene nemithetho yezoqoqosho. I-Plastrums, ithanda ukusetyenziswa kwemisebenzi yasekuhlaleni okanye iprojective, ngoxa inqabile, imilinganiselo yemali encinane ngenxa yekomkhulu, kodwa ingenayo ukulawulwa nokulawulwa komthetho, isoloko ingena kusetyenziswa ngendlela elungeleneyo.
Imfundo Nokufunda
Isikolo semfundo yesikolo eIndiya nase Afrika kunqabile ukuphanda i-apime njengendlela yobugcisa okanye ukuthunyelwa kwenkcubeko. Iinkqubo zophando lwamaMedia zijolise kwi Hollywood okanye iBollywood, zijonge impembelelo yolinganiso lwehlabathi lonke lwamaJapan. Lo msantsa wemfundo uthetha ukuba uhlalutyo olubalulekileyo lwemixholo ye-aimame lushiyelwa kwi-intanethi engacwangciswanga. Kumanye amazwe aseAfrika, iiklasi zobugcisa zinokuthetha ngobuchule bokulinganisa, kodwa zisenokungaqalisela ukuchaza okanye ukuchaza intlalo-ntlalo-ntle. Ukwandisa izifundo zenkcubeko zinokunyusa ukufunda nokuqonda noxabiso. [FLT: 0] Integ.[FLT] Iin:] I-intives yemignote efana [FLC1:1] idla ngokuqwalalsa ngamehlo nabazali abaninzi, kodwa nanjengobangomthengwa yi-onke, i-ondondondo oluqhelekileyo, kodwa oluqhelekileyo, oluthi oluthe luthi oluqhelekileyo, oluthe lu
ISebe leMidlalo yoLutsha noNkcubeko
I-Animefondom edityanisiweyo ye-internet kunye nentlalo-ntle. EIndiya, abafundi basebenzisa igalelo lomfanekiso-bhanyabhanya ngo-2020 ukuveza ukungavumelani, bebonisa indima yabo njengolwimi olubonakalayo. Ngokufanayo bathumela iimbekiselo kwi-intanethi, ukusuka kwimo yezulu ukuya kulingana kwe-epheni. [ukuxuba]] oku kuguqula ukuzonwabisa kusenzeka kwisixhobo sokuzonwabisa kube sisixhobo sokwaziwa nokuchasana. Noko ke, abagcini bemi benkcubeko maxa wambi bakujonga oku njengokuhlasela kwempucuko yaseNtshona, kukhokelela ekukhuthanyeni. I-dynam le ntshukumo icebisa ukuba njengoko abatsha besandana, kunye noonondaba-ndaba-machiza-manyu-ma.[[FTLT] kodwa ifumana igalelo lodwa kuphela, iincwadi ezithi zichaza indlela yokuphendula kwe-demodemodem, i-ediogne.
Ikamva: Ukuvala Imiqobo
Ukulungisa ucelomngeni lwe-aimae eIndiya nase Afrika kudinga umgudu othe kratya. Amaqonga angenayo anokunyusa imodeli yokuhlawula nokuzidibanisela ekusebenziseni intlawulo yasekuhlaleni, ukunciphisa isibheno somthombo ophefumliweyo. Oorhulumente banokuthatha izicwangciso ezizinzileyo zokuhlola ezilingana nokukhusela iliso lokwendalo, mhlawumbi ngomlinganiselo othe tyaba ofana nowaseEU. Ii-eglasitys zingafaka i-astyrafective kwi-ach, zifaka ulwazi olunzulu lwezithethe zehlabathi. Njengoko i-intanethi i-intanethi i-predictionation iqala ifikelela kuma-60% eAfrika nge 2025% nge-2025, kunye ne-aftives elungele ukukhutshwa, kukho ithemba. I-Grasroots iyaqhubeka inkqubela ekhutshwa ngokutshintsha, ukusukela kwi-intanethi kunye ne-intanethi zelizwe lasekuhlaleni.[5]