I-Anime fandom iguqulelwe ngokuphawulekayo kwiminyaka engamashumi amane edluleyo, isuka kwindawo ebanzi, umsetyenzana wokuzonwabisa owenziwe ngamadoda ube yindawo yehlabathi eninzi apho iiyantlukwano zesini zikhula khona, indalo, kunye nencoko. Oku kutshintsha akuyonto nje ekhoyo yokufun ’ ukwazi; kukhankanya indlela izithethe ezincinci ezinxibelelana ngayo, amandla, kunye nokumela kwixesha lexesha lokunxibelelana kwamanani. Kubafundisi-lwazi, iingcuphengulukiso zenkcazo zenkcubeko, kunye noqhathazo ngokwazo, ezi zixhobo zobufana zinika ukuqonda okubalulekileyo kwintsingiselo eqhubekayo yomntu okwifarmond nowakheli. Eli nqaku lihlolisisa iingcambu zembali, iinyaniso zangoku, imingeni, imingeni, kunye nezinyathelo ezithembisayo ukuchaza ubufanayo be-fidim yanamhlanje.

Imbali: Ukusuka KwiiTape Ukuya KwiiHolo Zendibano

I-Anime fandom eNtshona yaqala njengentshukumo yengca eqhutywa kakhulu yinzululwazi-fish kunye nabathandi bephupha. Ekupheleni konyaka ka-1970 kunye nasekuqaleni koo1980, amaqumrhu amancinci abalandeli atshintshileyo eVHS eethengiselana ngeeteyipu zothotho olufana i-Mobileli Isudmodmogdam[[ kunye [FLT] ne [FLT] Space Battrastship Yamato[, ngokufuthi zihlanganiseneeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee projectss, kunye nezenzo zobuncinane, kunye nezo zobuncinane, kunye nezobucala, kunye nezobuncinane, kunye ne-3shsh.

Ngeli xesha, ukunqongophala kwezixhobo eziguqulelwe ngokusemthethweni kwakuthetha ukuba ii-myuziyam ze-VHS predomingrant yokusasazwa kwendoda. Amaqela afana-nkwili abumba kungekuphela nje unikezelo kodwa kwanelensi echazayo apho i-ameedie. Ulwahlulo olucacileyo lomsebenzi lwabonakala mhlophe: amadoda axhasa ubugcisa obufana neVHS kunye nokufunda i-ethemin, ngoxa inani elincinane lamabhinqa linikela njengabaguquleli okanye abazobi bemifanekiso, ngokufuthi lisebenza emva kwemifanekiso. Ingcamango ye- “jofushi, amabhinqa anandipha uthando lwamakhwen (BL) nomntu omeleleyo, ayengekangeniselwangangeni zwi, kunye nokufundwa kwe-ekhomba esezantsi. Kodwa, iinkozo ezininzi ezisele zisebenza emva kwe-edemond, zazisebenza ngokuhlwayelelana, kunye nokuhlwaywa kwamantombazana, amabhinqa aqalisa ukuba aqalisa ukuvavana ukubamba i-endom.

Ngasekupheleni ko 1990, ukunyuka kwamaqela e Internet ([FLT:] kunye [[FLT:]]] ne IRC] Izixhobo ze-Untena, kunye namanxuwa angaphambili efringias (indawo ebanzi) eqala ukuphazamisa ukugcinwa kwesango elidala. Amabhinqa afunyaniswe e-cuums ukuxubusha uthotho olufana [] Salor Moon [ kunye [[FLT]]] ne-RCritivess U-UPronsolitivement Untena [[FLT]]] [[FLT]]] kunye no-omatika-omati athelekelelwayo phakathi konyaka ka-1998, intsingiselo enokuthi ikhawule ngokuvela kolwazi lwendlela ye-mediam. UKuqwalasela uqhagamshelwano olunento oluntluntluvo oluntlulo olukwinani lwakudala, [FTPT], kunye nooctive-Frectives traverivelvrew]]

Umfuziselo wesiGqeba saNgoku: Umboniso wamalizwi kaMoses

Namhlanje, i-aimafe fardom yahluke kakhulu kunendlela echaziwe ngayo. Uhlolisiso olukhulu lwemilinganiso oluye lwenziwa ngokuqukuqela kwamaqonga kunye nabaphengululi abazimeleyo lubonisa ukuba amabhinqa ngoku enza isiqingatha se-asethi (nakwimeko ethile, uninzi ((abathengi) abasebenzayo ngaphandle kweJapan. Ingxelo ye-Cunnechroll yehlabathi lonke ifunyaniswe ukuba 47% yabaphulaphuli bawo bachazwe njengamabhinqa, kunye nababukeli abangashukumiyo abamele icandelo elincinane kodwa elikhula ngokuthe ngcembe ([[FLT:]] umqulu 2023 wokwazisa ukuqonda ). Ngokuyinyani-Phoqo, abakhoyo bezinto ezifana ne-AnCChookn, ababonisa umlinganiselo we-dekhithi, kunye neentlanganiso ezithe ngqo ezibonisa ukusondela kwe-e-edibene.

Olu tshintsho aluphelelanga ekusebenziseni. Abafazi nabantu abangengomatshini baye babonakala kakhulu njengabadali bokuqulathiweyo, abahlalutyi, abachazi, abachazi-ntloko, ababhali abachaphazelekayo, kunye nababhali abasebenzisa i-applications (ngokufuthi baqhuba incoko kulwalamano lophawu, iiArcs, kunye nemixholo yokudibana kwemida ephambili ebangela ukuba urhwebo lweziququ zingabonakali ngamanye amaxesha. Ukwanda kwamaqonga afana ne-AO3 (Ummandla Wethu), apho ababhali-mabhinqi nabaquzeleli belawula khona njengesixhobo sokulinganisa umnqamlezo kunye nokulinganisa i-ethethoba, kubonakalisa indlela i-andom ebanzi yokuyila incoko emhlophe ephuma kwimibala ecacileyo kwibala elingaziwayo yobufana nobufana nobuntu.

Ibhinqa Linenxaxheba Yaye Linokhokelo Oluhle

Amabhinqa ngoku asebenzisa ezinye zezibhengezo ze-athom ezinempembelelo kakhulu, imijelo yemijelo, kunye neenkqubo zendibano. Iindawo zamabhinqa ezifakwe kwimixholo enjenge shōjo tropes, indaleko yongcelele lwemilingo, kunye nembali ye-shojo manga itsala izihlwele ezimileyo. Cossel, indawo ende yokungena ebonakalayo yabalandeli bafazi, isuka kwimisebenzi ekhoyo ukuya kwifomu yobugcisa apho amabhinqa adla ngokukhokelwa njengemitshini, abakhi be-propp, nabagwebi bokhuphi na. Ukuvela “i-scojo manga i-magni i-" i-'imvume"." Imirhumo-me-me ngokunjalo idiognomess, i-gconformssss, ikhuthaza i-gconform nessssssssss.

Kushishino, ngoxa iistudio zoopopayi zamaJapan zisabonisa umahluko phakathi kwesini, iinkampani ze-inlaming kunye neefektha zengingqi zoluntu zaseNtshona ziwaqesha ngokukhula amabhinqa kwimisebenzi yobunkokeli. Abalawuli, abavelisi, nababhali kwishishini lomatshini obulala amathambo e-U.S. baye bakhuthaza iinguqulelo ezichanekileyo nezinentsingiselo engakumbi ezibonisa ukuhlonela ubufana, ekuthinteleni ukuqinisekiswa kombhalo osezantsi owawuxhaphakile kumashumi eminyaka angaphambili.

Ukufota nokubonakala okungagqibekanga

Ukubonakala okukhulayo kwe LGBTQ+ izifefeli kukwenye yenkqubela-phambili etshintshayo kwi-aIme dindom. Ibonisa njenge [[FLT: 0]] Yuri!! [CECE, Praven, [[FLT]], [[FLT]] kunye [[4] BLOM] Kuwenu[ itsale i-queersssss, incoko eziphambili ezithelekisayo ngobuchule obubodwa. Ngokubalulekileyo, amavilini awadli nje okungasebenziyo; unyuso oludala oludala kwi-leyifester, udidi lwe-master, udidi oludiza i-'injini, unyuso olujikelezayo oludiza rhoqo.[5]

Noko ke, ukumela akwamkelekanga. Uninzi lwe-LGBTQ+ aimae usaxhomekeke kwimiqolo enengxaki + njenge tropes ``ibhinqa elingunochuku''' okanye “iintloko-ntloko” iphela (ii-"iindlela-mbox" iphela) abasebenzi abadlulisi abasoloko bebonakala bengakhange babe bagcinw'. I-fandomictiviliv iqala ukucel ’ umngeni ezi ndlela, ngemikhankanyo yendlela yokubhala iileta kunye nokubiza kwentlalo-luvo ebhekiswe kwisko nakwii-injini. Ukutyhalelana okungcono kunxulunyaniswa nokunwe nokwanda kwencoko yababini, njengommeli wesimeli wesimentebethi yendibano kunye nezidiliya ezithetha ngophawu lwamanani olungaphaya kwe-mfonobonobonke.

IDatho yezeNtlalo nezobugcisa

Izixhobo zekhompyutha zezentlalo zitshintshe izixhobo zokutsala izithuba ekungeneni nasekukhuliseni amalizwi asezantsi. I-witter (ngoku ngu X) kunye ne-Instagram umsebenzi we-ibrary yobugcisa be-far, isoloko ivumela amabhinqa kunye nabagcisa abangengobabhini ukuba bakhe izinto ezinkulu ezilandela ngaphandle kwabagcini-sango. I-Tik Tok iye yaba yindawo yokulayishela ukudlala iividiyo, i-intestee meecome, nentetho yendoda ne-hathtags njenge-Animetik Tok kunye #GendBrendColate idlala iimbono ezingamawaka ezigidi. Umboniso omfutshane wevideo-okanye ufaka iintambo zokudlala ii-critique, kunye nokufunda kokuqala kobucuphinikazi bobubhini kunye nokulandelelana koonobumba boludwe oluqhelekileyo lwe-TkikTokToks.

I-Internet ifomments njenge Reddit’s r/amenet ne Redorrd’s servers zityhila umfanekiso onzima kakhulu. Ngoxa ulungelelwano lwezini ezikhoyo, ezi ndawo zisenokuphinda zibe nobungozi bezithethe zamandulo ze-Intanethi. Abasebenzisi bafazi badla ngokuxela ukukhathazwa okanye ukukhutshwa xa befaka ingxengxezo-moya kwi-evenervice-ult, kwaye abaxhasi abangeyo-bini bobucukubhe banokufumana i-MFOSD ilahlwa kwiingxoxo ezingezomfono zoonobumba. Kodwa kwalambutho ezikwazo zixhasa imikhosi yabucala: amaqela oweDadiord ngokukhethekileyo kunye nabalandeli abangahambisanga i-bhinethi, apho amalungu asebenzisana, apho acebisa, abazobi bomsebenzi, kunye nokulungele ukulwa ngokuchasene nohlaselo kwi-intanethi kwe-intanethi.

Iiplatfomu zokuhlola i-freant zingundoqo ekufumaneni ubugcisa be-Exchange. Ngo-A3, isebenza “Indawo ephawulweyo” okanye“Isimo esingumqondiso” sivumela abalandeli ukuba babhale amabali aphefumlelweyo, bephengulula indlela uhambo lomenzi womsebenzi onokuthi utshintshe ngayo ukuba umboniso wabo wesifana neentlobano zesini utshintshile. Ezi ngxelo zisebenza njengendlela yonyango loluntu, zinika ababhali amandla okulungisa amava abo ngokobufana. Academic ngokuzichaza ubufana. [FLT: 0] [FLT]] Ijenali yemisebenzi echaza indlela ezi zenzo eziye zakhankani eziye zabangela ngayo “ukusebenzisa i-pilogogno-" kwizifundo ezinxulumene ne-dindom, abathathi be-dmistria, i-synphoria, kunye nazo zonke ii-ibrationss.

Ukuhlala Uneengxaki Nokuhlala Uhamba Ngamasango

Naphezu kwenkqubela, imiqobo ebalulekileyo isele. Ukukhathazwa ngokwesini kuyaqhubeka kusenza kubekho i-intanethi kunye nemigangatho yendibano. Amabhinqa asebenza kunye nawo ajoliswe ngokungaqhelekanga kumagqabaza nangokufota okungagunyaziswanga, ngelixesha amabhinqa athetha iimbono ezigxeka ungcelele oluthandwayo ngokufuthi ajongene nentlondi elungelelanisiweyo. “intwazana ebizwa ngokuba yi-feake geek” trope·top_tobasel encinane kunemiphatho elishumi leminyaka eyadlulayo, ukugcinwa kwesango okuthathwa njengesixhobo esisemthethweni.

Unikezelo olungaphantsi kombhobho wokudala luyaqhubeka. EJapan, ushishino lwe-antime luhlala lukwimisebenzi yomphathi-mikhosi kunye nomvelisi, kunye i-Asahi Shimbun ixela[ ngo-2022] ukuba ngaphantsi kwe-15% yabaphathi boopopayi kwilizwe babengamabhinqa. Oku kungalingani kuchaphazela amabali asuka aluhlaza kunye neendlela abasebenzi abangamabhinqa nabangengobabhinqi. KwanakwiNtshona, amabhodi omhleli beendawo ezinkulu zoolindixesha asoloko ekho amadoda, ukulungisa okutshintsha okungakhutshwa.

Olunye ucelomngeni lukudityaniswa kwezorhwebo kweenguqu. Njengazo iziko liwaqaphela amandla okuthenga abalandeli bamantombazana kunye nabacebisi, ngamanye amaxesha babandakanyeka kwi- “iindawo yolawulo lobucukubhedu”. Ukukhulula iqhayiya-intengiso ngaphandle kokuxhasa i-LGBTQ + abadali okanye abathethisi abangaphakathi. Ezi zimbo zingadala umva kumandla arhoxiweyo abonwa ngabalandeli abasebenzayo, babalaselisa imfuneko yokutshintsha isakhiwo kunokuba babonise umgangatho waphezulu we-operation.

Iintlobo Nento Ebangela Inkcubeko

Umxholo usoloko unezipili kunye nogxininiso lwezigaba zobufanasini. “umsinga” ulubeka olu hlobo lweziqubulo zobufazi obuncinane njengezinto zokukhusela, ugxekwe ngesandi sawo sobubhontsi, ngelixa ukwanda kweempawu zobuntu ezidibeneyo kunokwenza abathandi abafuna ucalucalucalulo olucacileyo. Kwangaxeshanye, igange elitsha le-aimante liye lazicel ’ umngeni ezi ndibano. [[FLT:] [iiindawo ephakathi] [iii-FLT] [FLT]] [FLT] [FLT] [iLT] [indlela ekhawulezayo yokubonisa ulwamsinga oluphezulu lweproganonist) kunye [ignomes , i-'iright progreadsting's progree ichaza ukuday'ignaltives'e, kodwa i-madmigne, kodwa ithetha ngenteethentiaethe yorhwebo.

Udibano: Ngaphaya Kwezibini

Iziphengululi azinakuqondwa ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle kokuqwalasela ucalulo lohlanga, udidi, kunye nokukhubazeka. Ngokomzekelo, abalandeli abamnyama abamnyama abathi bahambe behamba behamba behamba umaleko obini womgangatho ophantsi, ngokufuthi bejongene nengcungcuthekisano yobufanasini kunye nocalucalulo lobuhlanga ngaphakathi kwe-fandom. I-hashtag #UDOMAINTIMETWItter ingafumana indawo echukumiyo yokuhlola ucalulo, kodwa abathathi-nxaxheba banikela ingxelo yokutyhafaza i-bala rhoqo xa besenza i-bala lombala ngokweempawu zobuntu okanye ukushukuma kwe-Black asteticstis kwi-am. Ngokufanayo, abaxhasi abakhubazekileyo bangafumana ukuba izithuba zendibano azisoloko zifikeleleka ngokwamandla, kwaye iindawo eziqhelekileyo zokumela intetho yesiphene kunye nobufana nokudalwa kwe-Ess Scces Netwop (ISN) ziqala ukusetyenziswa kwezi zenzo zokudia.

Inyathelo Lokuqala Loluntu Neenguqu Zezakhiwo

Ukuphendula ezi ngxaki, iingcangca eziphambili ziphumile kulo mhlaba. Iindibano ezininzi ngoku zinyanzelisa ukuba zisetyenziswe ngokungqongqo ngokuchasene nongquzulwano, ngemigaqo ecacileyo yokunika ingxelo kunye namaqela okhuseleko olucacileyo. I- “Cospaffer Survision Service Network Comment inika oovimba kunye nenkxaso yoontanga abaxhatshazwayo abakhathazwayo. Iziganeko zonyaka ezifana nendibano ye-Anime Evolution eVancouver ziye zazisa amagumbi acocekileyo kunye nezithuba ezithe cwaka, ukuqaphela izimvo kunye nemfuno zokhuseleko zababekho abahlukahlukeneyo.

Kunxibelelwano, amaphulo asebenzisanayo atyhalele utshintsho. I-#MeAnime, umhambi-okanye i-fandom-enco- ngokufutshane ye # MeToo, ikhuthaza abasindi ukuba babelane amabali abo kwaye bagcine abadali kunye nabaxhasi abanobutyala. Iingxelo zezentlalo-ntle ziqhutywa ngamaqela afana ne-@Anime_herdur kugcino-lwazi lwendawo yokugcina iimpahla zenqanawa kwaye ibhiyozele iminikelo yamabhinqa angazihoyikiyo kwishishini le-intengi, ifundisa abalandeli abatsha ngamabhinqa adwelisa ungcelelezo okanye aovulindlela ishjojoga. Le migudu inceda ukuphikisana nogcino lwembali oludala olungabonakaliyo.

Imibutho efana noAnime Femist ayivelisi ulwaneliseko kuphela kodwa ikwanika izibonelelo zokuvela kwababhali abangamabhinqa kunye nabangengomalungu omsebenzi wesingqili-langa kwingqungquthela. Inkxaso yezinto eziphathekayo enjalo ibonakalisa ukutshintshwa kokuxoxa nje ngokunxulumene nokuxhasa okusebenzayo. Ukuze i-fandom iqhubeke ijikeleza, ezi zixhasi zokwakha kufuneka zandiswe, ngokunokwenzeka ngonxulumano nabaququzeleli bendibano kunye namaqonga anokunyusa amazwi akhoyo kwimigangatho engundoqo kunokuba zibafake kwimimiselo kwisakhiwo.

Indlela Yexesha Elizayo: NgakwiFandom Engakumbi Engadibaniyo

Umthetho olandelayo obandakanya ukungakhathali kwamabhinqa kwimibutho yemfazwe ehamba kunye nemfazwe yesibini: ukuqinisekisa ukuba iibhodi zendibano zahlukene, ezo zixhobo zezixhobo zezixhobo zokukhupha ingeniso azinakuqinisekiswa. Ngeli xesha ugcino-lwazi kunye nobungqina obungaguquguqukiyo obusekukhuleni, uluntu kufuneka lululinde nxamnye nokungakhathali. Ummiselo olandelayo ubandakanya ukungazinzi kwendoda nendoda kuwona maqumrhu ajikelezayo: ukuqinisekisa ukuba iibhodi zendibano zahlukene, okokuba izixhobo zokukhupha izixhobo zezixhobo zokukhupha ingeniso ezisetyenziswa ngokugqithisileyo, kwaye oko kuxhaswa kwemfundo yemfundo kunwebela kubaphengululi abafunda amava okungquzulanisa.

Amaqonga angenayo anempembelelo enkulu apho i-ante efumana imvume enyuswe khona. Njengazo iinkampani ezifana ne-Crunchyroll kunye ne-Netflix zandisa izikolo zazo zokuqala ze-aimimel, zinethuba lokuxhasa ukusebenza kwabaphathi bafazi kunye namaqela okudala ahlukeneyo. Sele, impumelelo yongcelele olufana Bhithick Academia[ [iiiindawo ebanzi] (ifunyaniswe nguYosh Yoshinari kodwa yenziwe kakhulu liqela elixube-gender) kwaye isenzeka kakhulu DALEMMB] (edeevelve]) (ekho kumacala adiyo obudityaniyo) abonisa ukuba uxinzelelo oludityaniyo lwentengiso oluthelk-odming.

Amaziko emfundo aqalisa ukubandakanya i-aimaine condom njengendawo yokufunda imithombo-majelo-nkqubo. Iizifundo zenkcubeko edumileyo yamaJapan zihlolisisa ngokukhula indlela isini esisebenza ngayo kwimimandla ethandwayo, zikhuthaza abafundi ukuba bacinge ngokuphandle ngemiboniso engafanelekanga ngoxa behlonela inkanuko ephembelelayo yesixhobo sokulawula i-fendom. Ezi ziko zifundiswa, xa zabelana nabantu ngokubanzi ngeempapasho ezifikelelekayo nangamacandelo engqungquthela, ngokubhekele phambili luluqinisa ulwalamano phakathi kobufana nesini ne-fandom.

Ikamva lexesha elizayo lokusetyenziswa kwe-aimafe fandom kuxhomekeke ekuphaphaleni okudibeneyo kunye nokuvuma ukuphulaphula abo basemideni. Amandla oluntu asoloko ekwazi ukubuyisela iteyipu engaphantsi komhlaba kunye neentsuku ezidityanisiweyo zeteyipu ezikhoyo ngokugqithisileyo. Ngokubethelela amazwi amabhinqa, abalandeli abangengobabhinqi, kunye nabantu abanolwazi oluphezulu, i-LGBTQ+, i-aimecom iyakwazi ukumisela indawo yesithethe apho inkanuko nemigangatho eqhubekayo ihlala khona. Ugcino-data namabali eshumi adluleyo abonisa ukuba unyukelo luyakha; ifuna ukuba kwenziwe ngezenzo eziquqululo kwikona zonke zengini.

Isiphelo

Izixhobo ezinamandla kwi-aimerfe fardom zisuke kwisiseko esithe shwaka phantse singabonakali sisiya kumsebenzi ophakathi wobume boluntu kunye nengxoxo. Oku kwaqala njengemisebenzi yokuzonwabisa yamadoda ngokubanzi, ijike imbonakalo echumileyo, eninzi apho amabhinqa kunye nabaxhasi abangengobini bathatha inxaxheba nje kuphela kodwa bakhokela. Ukuzinzisa imingeni ```````iiiiqonga', i-sssssss', i-statudiating', kunye nesakhiwo esikhoyo somsebenzi oqhubekekayo. Kodwa ukunyuka kwenyathelo elipheleleyo, kunye nokubonakala okukhula kweminye kweminye imbonakalo yabadali nabakhweli abahlukeneyo, kunika imaphu yezamfashoni ebonakalisa ngokwenene ukwahluka-alubalaza kwehlabathi. Kubafundisi-makhwen, abadali, nabathathi-nxaxheba, ukuqonda oku akuyokuqheliswa yinkqubo yemfundo yemfundo yemfundo kodwa iluncedo: ukumelana kwempilo yalowo wonke umntu othanda ukubambane.