Ukuqonda Uhambo Lwezilo Eziyingcungcu Ezinkulu

Uhambo lweqhawe, isiseko esichazwa ngumbhali wentsomi uJoseph Campbell kwi . IHero eneeFaces eziyinkulungwane, ichaza indlela yomntu osuka kwilizwe eliqhelekileyo ukuya kummandla weemvavanyo, ukutshintsha, kwaye ekugqibeleni ibuya. IAnime, ingakumbi i- i-shone [umboniso], iyakushiya , iyakuwuthintitha lo [[FLT:]] umeth [[FLT:] ukhutha olubonakalayo, unika amabali abonakalayo, amagophe ajikelezayo, amakrele, kunye namagqhinga. Xa ujonga, ujonga, uphinda uphinde utshintshe, uluthi jner, okanye uluthi oluthe guqu oludala, oluthi oluthi luthiyo oluthi luthi, oluthi luthi, oluthi luthi luthi guquke ngokufana noluthi, uluthi

ENtshona, i-monomyth idla ngokufundwa njengesithembiso soloyiso — amagorha alawulayo kwaye azisa impumelelo kwingingqi. Kwi-amime, isithembiso esidla ngokuthandatyuzwa. Ungadibana negosa elingabuyeliyo ngokupheleleyo, umqhubi okhokelo lwakhe lungaphumelelanga, okanye isithunzi esihlala singaphumi. Oku kuphambuka kwimo elindelekileyo asiyompazamo kodwa ukhetho lwamabhongo olubonisa imvelaphi yenkcubeko kwaye luzimisele ukuvavanya ubugorha ngokwabo njengentsala, inkqubo eqhubekayo. Ngokujonga ngokusondelele kwimigangatho, iindidi, ii-arditys, kunye nenkcubeko kwimist, uyakwazi ukuyiqonda kakuhle isizathu sokuba indlela yegorha elizi kwincuka ekhuliswe ngolo.

Iinkonkxa Ezinemicu

Uhambo lweqhawe, olucaciswe nguCampbell kwaye kamva luye lwalungiselelwa yi-scredification theorists, ludla ngokuhamba kumanqanaba amathathu abubanzi: ukunduluka, ukuqalisa nokubuya. Ngexesha lokuhamba, umqhubi weqonga ufumana isibizo sokukhangela, ngokufuthi ukusuka kumthombo ongaphandle — umgewu ongaqondakaliyo, intlekele, okanye ulangazelelo lwangaphakathi. Igosa elinokwala ukubiza, ukuzama nokuthandabuza, ukuwela umqobo ukuya engaziwayo. Kwinqanaba, eli lingaphinda libi libonakale linjalo ngenxa yokuba ibali lesiJapan lithetha rhoqo ngobunzima benyanzelo kwaye litsala umnqweno womntu ngamnye. Ukuhamba kunganqabile ukudlolonga; kubangelwa kukusukela okunyukileyo, ukucinga okungaqhelekanga, ukucinga okunento enzulu, ukuzihambelana, okanye ukuzivelela.

Isigaba soqaliso sibeka igorha lakho kwilizwe elitsha, lizaliswe zizixhobo, iintshaba, kunye nabacebisi. Kulapho ke ukusetyenziswa kwezenzo ezininzi kutyhileka: indlela yezilingo ezibangela indaleko ephathekayo. Iintlobo zengoma enye zibona igorha lifumana incopho epheleleyo, umvuzo okanye isityhilelo, ze ziqalise uhambo lwasemva. Kulo mbutho, ingxubeko iyakwazi ukunwenwa kuwo onke amaxesha, kwaye izilingo azisoloko zisenza iimfazwe ezingaphandle. Zisenokuba ziingxaki, iingxaki zokuziphatha, okanye ulwalamano oluwohlokayo. Isiphelo sokuqhawelwa sisoloko sibona ijonge ukufa okanye ukuzalwa kwakhona komfuziselo — kodwa kwangoko oko kungaqinisekisi ukubuya komvuzo. Ezinye iingxelo zitshintsha ngempazamo, zishiya iinguquko, kodwa aziguquki naphakade.

Ukubuya kucetyelwe ukubuyisela iqhawe ekhaya, liphethe unyango okanye ubulumko obufunekayo kwilizwe eliqhelekileyo. Kwindawo yesithethe, ukufika ekhaya kuyabhiyozelwa kwaye iqhawe liba yinkosi yazo zombini iindawo. Noko ke, kwinkungu, ukubuya kungaphazamisa, ngokungenamkhethe, okanye kwaphela. Igorha lingabuyela kwihlabathi elingasamkelekiyo, okanye lifumanise ukuba ubulumko bufumene umthwalo onzima. Ukuqonda ezi zixhobo njengezixhobo ezithambileyo kunokuba zijikelele zingundoqo wokuqonda isizathu sokuba usukelo lwe-aimim zivakale lungalungiswangalungisi. Zingachazi ukuba nyani sithathelwa ingqalelo engoko.

Iimpembelelo Zenkcubeko Kwinkqubo Engasetyenziswayo

Indlela u-Anime aphatha ngayo uhambo lwegorha ichazwa kakhulu yizithethe zamaJaphani ezithelekisayo kunye nezentanda-bulumko. Iingcinga ezifana ne azinalwazi — ukuqondisisa okuchukumisayo kokungalawuleki — ukubumba indlela amabali abuxabisa ngayo ubuhle obufutshane boloyiso olusisigxina. Igosa elifumana isigqibo esikhawulezayo, esimnandi linokubonwa njengeliyinyaniso kunelo liyinqoba yonke imiqobo. Ngokufanayo, impembelelo ka-Bushido, ngokugxininisa kwalo kwimbeko, ukunyaniseka, nokwamkelwa kokufa, ingenza igorha elijonge kwisiphelo somcimbiso kunokuba lifumane igosa.

Ukwabona iingcamango zobuShinto nobuBhuda, apho umjikelo wokubandezeleka nokukhula uqhubeka. Ukusilela kweqhawe akuyontlekele ngokwengqiqo yaseNtshona; kusenokuba linyathelo eliqhubekayo lokwenza izinto. Eli hlabathi likhuthaza ababhali ukuba benze uhambo oluphela ngokudidayo, beshiya indawo yemfazwe yexesha elizayo okanye ukuphinda utshayelo. Xa i Hollywood inokuthi ifune ukuphumelela okucacileyo kwe-progagonst, i-aimagee efana i-Mundile Windhom [ okanye [FLT:] UNENUNIOL ifune ukuba i-evinggggnow i-ever elungele ukuphumelela okuninzi. Isithethe sijonge umanyano kumntu ngamnye kwiqela lomntu ngamnye.

Iintlobo Ezingundoqo Nendima Zazo

UArchetypes — umcebisi, isithunzi, umxhasi, umqhathali — usebenza njengebloko zokwakha i-monomyth. Kwincutshe, la manani asoloko ebhukuqwa okanye edityaniswa ngeendlela ezenza lukhuni indlela yegorha. Umncedisi, umzekelo, akasoloko esisilumko esilumkileyo esidala esinika izipho kwaye sinyamalale; ngamanye amaxesha umqhubi ufumana iinyaniso ezibalulekileyo, okanye ade ade ade ade ade ade alahle igorha. Oku kwaphule liyakwazi ukushiya iprotagon ngaphandle kwekhampasi yokuziphatha kakuhle xa ifuna okonako, ukulibazisa okanye ukuphelisa utshintsho olulindelekileyo.

Isithunzi, esimela icala elimnyama leqhawe okanye inxuwa elisembindini weli bali, isoloko iyingozi kakhulu kune-gnolent. Kungcelele olufana [[FLT: 0]] ibhalelik, isithunzi sisenokuba sinomtsalane, ukwenza ingquzulwano yokugqibela ibe sisenzo sokutshabalalisa umntu kunokuba ingoyisi nje. Oku kungatshintsha ngokunyaniseka, kwaye iqhinga lingaphazamisa ingqiqo yegosa. Xa ezi ntlobo zingundoqo zingavumi ukudlala iindima zazo zesithethe, lonke uhambo lusuka kude noloyiso oluqinisekisiweyo kwaye lusenzeka ngakumbi — ukuphanda okuqhelekileyo — okuthetha oko kuthetha ukuba yiqhawe.

Ngokuqaphela ezi ziphendu ze-archty, uqala ukubona isizathu sokuba abanye abahlukunyiswayo bagqibele ngokungqubana negorha elisenamagorha needemon zangaphakathi okanye ukwamkela ukuba “ibhombu” yayingesiso isixhobo okanye ubuncwane, kodwa ukuqonda nzulu okunzulu ngoko kusikelwa kwabo.

Isizathu Sokuba Zingoyisa Zonke Iintlanzi Ezineenkumbi

Kwibali ngalinye leqhawe elithe lafikelela ekubeni ngukumkani walo mmandla, kukho intlungu ebuza ukuba kwenzeka ntoni xa umkhweli enyuka.Izizathu azinxulunyaniswa nje nezithethe kodwa zinxulumene nentanda - bulumko ebalalisayo ezukisa ukukhula ngokungaphumeleli nje kokufikelela usukelo. Kula mabali, indlela yokuvavanya isenokungafiki kwindawo entle, yaye ukuguquka kweqhawe kusenokuphawulwa ngamabala angenakuze aphole ngokupheleleyo.

Ukucel ’ Imbambano Endleleni Eqhelekileyo Eya Koyisa

Kumendu wesingqiniso, igorha liqokelela iintshaba, lithatha igophe elipheleleyo phambi kokubuyela kwihlabathi eliqhelekileyo. UAnime usoloko elungisa le mephu yomendo. Indlela yokuvavanya ingasitsha ngesiquphe ngenxa yokuwa kwengqiqo yeqhawe, njengokuba ibonwa ku [FLT: 0] unyawo lweGamaGenen Evangelion [[[FLT: 1], apho uShinji Ikari] ahamba khona ngengqondo nangeemfazwe zokwenyama engaze ifinyelele ekuloyisekeni. Endaweni yokoyisa utshaba lwangaphandle, ushiywa emelwa nomphakathi we-apocalypse. “umva" usiba yi-mqobo; igorharha alikwazi ukubuyela kumntu obenawo, okanye ahlala kuwo.

Ngamanye amaxesha, igorha elinobungozi lityhilwa njengelinetyhefu. Igorha lingafumana amandla amakhulu ukuliqonda kodwa lilonakalise okanye lilikhethe. Oku kugqwetha kukwenza ucinge kwakhona ukuba isiphumo sokuphumelela sithetha ukuthini. Isiphelo soloyiso singaziva unganyanisekanga kwingxelo eye yakha ilahleko elula — ebonisa ukuba imfazwe nganye ibangela umonakalo kulwalamano, ubunyameni, okanye ubunyulu bokuziphatha. Le ngxelo ingaphela ngokubekwa kwentloko kodwa ngonyamezelo oluzolileyo, uphawu oluqhubeka lungekho qobo.

Indima Yokusilela Nokukhula

Ukungaphumeleli kwi-amime asisiso isixhobo nje sokwenza iyelenqe; sisixhobo esixhobisayo sokukhula kobuntu. Iqhawe elingaphumeleli ngokumangalisayo — ukulahlekelwa ngumthandekayo, ukwaphula isifungo, okanye ukoyiswa lutshaba abangakwaziyo ukuluqonda — lisoloko lijika ngaphezu komntu ophumeleleyo ngalo lonke ixesha. [[FLT: 0]] Fate/Zal[FLD] [[FLD] [1], umzekelo, uKiritsugu Emweya usukela icebo lokusindisa ihlabathi, kuphela ukubona iindlela zakhe zisombululwa kwaye uphupha. Ukungaphumeleli kwakhe kuphelele, sekunjalo amandla akhe okucamngcamngcamngca ngokuzisa ngekhono yokulwa kwamagorha. Uyakwazi ukukhulela ekungangeni okungangeni amandla amatsha; uyakwazi ukubhambanisa inkohliso.

Oku kujoliswe ekungaphumelelini njengoko inkqubo yokukhula ihambelana nengqiqo yamaJaphani ye kintsugi, ubuchule bokulungisa izitya zodongwe ezophukileyo ngegolide, igxininisa ukuba imingxuma nokulungisa ziyinxalenye yembali yento. Iheroe ezi zivela zingezizo iingqwele eziphothiweyo kodwa njengenani lemiboniso ecwengileyo, i-ithsugi, ukwaphuka kwazo okubonakalayo nokungundoqo. Ingxelo ayibaliswanga ngemiboniso kodwa ngenzulu, ezibuhlungu kakhulu, ezingenakufakwa kwisikhumbuzo.

Iguqula kancinane utshintsho lokubuya

Igosa lesithethe libuya kwi khangela njenge [[FLT: 0] umphathi wehlabathi ezimbini , umntu okwaziyo ukuqhuba zombini eziqhelekileyo nezingaqhelekanga. Kuninzi, ukubuya kwegorha kuyinto engenakwenzeka okanye engafunwayo. Bangabuya beze kufumana ikhaya labo litshabalele okanye indima yabo ingasafuneki, ibashiye bevalekile phakathi kwehlabathi. Oku kulahlwa kwenyathelo lokubuya kuphazamisa abaphulaphuli abaphambili abalindele ukuba igosa elingundoqo liphinde liphinde lifumaneke. Endaweni yoko, ucelwa ukuba uhlale phantsi nokungathandeki kwe-protagon othe waphila ngehlabathi labo kodwa akanakuthetha ukuba litsha.

Kwanotshintsho ngokwalo lungaphenjelelwa. Igorha lingatshintsha emzimbeni kodwa lihlale lisinde ngengqondo, okanye lifumane ukukhanya ngexabiso loluntu lwabo. Attck kuTitan linikela umboniso onzima wendlela indaleko yegorha elinokubabonisa ngayo uloyiko kunokuba lisindiswe. Ngexesha iprotagonism ifumana amandla afana nothixo, baye baqhekeka kwimilinganiselo yabo yokuqala kangangokuba nayiphi na into ebuyayo ingubungozi kunokuba ibe kukubuya ekhaya. Ezi zinkozo zixelelwa zinika amandla okuthandabuza kanye inkcazelo yempumelelo.

Iintambo eziqhelekileyo kunye nokwehla komthetho kwiNto yeNto yeNqanawa

Iintambo ziyakwazi ukuchaza indlela echaphazelekayo, iAnime ixhomekeke kwezi mbumbulu ziqhelekileyo — umyali, umcebisi, isithunzi — yaye iyakuvuyela ukuzijijela. Xa ujonga ngokusondeleyo, uphawula ukuba umahluko okhoyo udla ngokubonisa ngakumbi kunemicu yeqokobhe, utyhila iimpawu nomxholo ocacileyo wokuba isangqa esithe ngqo asisoze siwukhuphe.

Ukwala Ubizo Nemiphumo Yalo

Kuninzi, ukwala kobizo okuqala asikokuthandabuza okufutshane kodwa kukucacisa isahluko. I Shinji Ikari iyathandabuza [[FLT: 0] ivangeli yoluvo oluphambili ngumzekelo odumileyo, kodwa ubona iipateni ezifanayo ; i-Steins [ [[FLT:] kunye ne-Reero. Ukungavumi kweqhawe kusoloko kusuka kubunzulu okanye ukhubazeko olucacileyo lwento enokwenzeka. Oku kunyusa ukuveliswa kwento eninzi, kuba kuqinisekile ukuba uya kuqinisekile ukuba uya kusebenza ngokupheleleyo. Xa benza imigca elandelana.

Impembelelo engaphandle: amaqhina ancedisana kufuneka asebenze nzima ukuxhasa inkokeli elwayo, iintshaba zisebenzisa ukulibazisa, kwaye ukukhula kweqhawe kuyalibaziseka. Le ngxelo ayibi kukugqiba nje uhambo kodwa isuka kwisenzo semihla ngemihla sokukhetha ukuqhubeka. Oku kujongwa phambili kungakhokelela ekuphumeleni apho eyona nto ibalulekileyo iphunyezwe ligorha lihlala endleleni, lingayiyisi igosa lokugqibela.

Ucelomngeni Olungathethekiyo Nolungekhoyo

Isithunzi kwi-antime sisoloko sibonakala njengesonakalisi esicacileyo; sidla ngokuba sisiqalo esijijekileyo segorha okanye amandla alawulayo angenakubethwa ngokubetha elinye. Bersk[, iGriffith isebenza njengesithunzi seGuts — umhlobo osondeleleneyo othe wabonakalisa amabhongo amnyama omntu. Ukumngcatsha akungomsebenzi wekrele ukulwano kwe-lshorejing kodwa ukuthatha i-webreyithi ye-met yento engaqhelekanga neneedemon. Ucelomngeni luhlala lungashukulwanga ngenxa yobubanzi bebali, ukujika uhambo lube yimeko engapheliyo yemfazwe kunokuba lunxulumane nezixhobo ezicacileyo.

Xa isithunzi singaphakathi — ityala leqhawe, udandatheko, okanye ubushushu — ingxabano iba yeyokungaphinde ivuleke ngokusetyenziswa kwezenzo eziqhelekileyo. [[FLT: 0]] I-Paranoia I-Arhente okanye iisangqa zengqondo ze [[FLT]] [[FLT]], isithunzi singumoya ogqugqileyo woloyiko kunokuba ibe lutshaba olukwiside. Kule meko, igorha alikho malunga nolo kodwa limalunga nokulawula okuqhubekayo, mhlawumbi okungacocekiyo, ungquzula. Ushiyeke umba olubonisa ukuntsonkozwana kwengqondo, apho ukuvithwa nokungajinga kweminyele ekwizimpini.

Imifanekiso Neehambo Ezingagqibekanga

Amanani akwi-ante anokuba angenanyani njengangoko akhuthazayo. Umntu osisilumko oqhelekileyo, obhekiswe ukuxhobisa igorha ngolwazi nangezixhobo, endaweni yoko angalithwalisa ngezilumkiso ezimfihlelo okanye alishiye ngexesha elinzima. Jujutsu Kaisen, uGojo Sator umandla amakhulu kunye nesimo sengqondo se blasé zenza ingqweletshebe apho igosa likhuselwe ngexesha elinye kwaye lihlukaniswe ngokuyingozi kumfanekiso opheleleyo. Xa umcebisi okanye umniki-gorha efe ngokungenasiphelo, kufuneka aqhube ulwano lwendawo ngaphandle komkhokeli, ngokufuthi enza iimpazamo ezingalungisekiyo.

Ezi zikhewu zoncedo zidala ukungaqiniseki okukhulu kuhambo. Iqhawe alisoze lifumane ucamagushelo ngotata elithi i-monomyth limnike, lishiye inxeba lengqondo elikhulayo kwimbali eseleyo. Uhambo ngaphandle komcebisi opheleleyo uziva ungagqitywanga ngokuyila, ibonakalisa ukuba ukuguquka kweqhawe kungumlo, umlo ongakhuselekanga. Utsaleleka kumbindi walo mava, apho kungekho mpendulo elula kwaye kungekho namnye oqinisekisa ukuba indlela ikhokelela naphi na.

Intsingiselo Yesithethe Nengqondo Yohambo Olungaphelelanga

Xa uhambo lwegorha elinamandla luphela ngaphandle koloyiso, lukwenza umangaliswe — luquka imithombo yezithethe neyokomoya eyahlula ezolonwabo. La mabali abonisa amaxhala angehlabathi apho izigqibo ezifanelekileyo zinqabileyo yaye abantu abacinga ngengqondo bachasa isiphelo. Bakwatshintsha indlela abantu abancokola ngayo, nto leyo ebangela ukuba kuxutyushwe iingxubusho ezingaphaya kongcelele.

Ukuhambelana NoMthetho

Ingcamango kaCarl Jung yeqela elingekho zingqondweni ibonisa ukuba iimpawu ezithile namabali avakalayo kwiindawo ngezizwe ngenxa yokuba athe akhutshwa ngamandla kwi-psyche yomntu. Uhambo lwegorha lelona sakhiwo sinye esisingqongileyo, kodwa asilololodwa. IAnime elibonisa uhambo olungaphelelanga ludla ngokusuka kumlinganiselo owahlukileyo: umbhaduli ongunaphakade, umphilisi ongxhwalekileyo, okanye umntu oneengxwelerha ongakwaziyo ukubuyela ekhaya.

Kumasiko aseJapan asemva kwemfazwe, ukulahleka nokunyamezela kunamandla kakhulu. Ukuqhushumbisa ngebhombu ye-athom, izidubedube zezoqoqosho, neentlekele zemvelo ziye zavelisa inkumbulo edibeneyo apho ukusinda kukodwa kuluhlobo oluthile loloyiso. Inkcaso eshiya igorha layo limi phakathi kwamabhodlo, sekunjalo isaphefumla, inxulumene nokungaqondakali okunzulu. Impembelelo yengqondo yeyomntu ozibonele — uyayibona imilo yakho engagqibeleliyo eboniswa kwikhusi, kwaye uziva ungedwa kuyo.

Ulindelo Lwabantu Abalapho

Izifundo zizisa amathemba ahlukeneyo kuxhomekeka ekubeni zidlala umdlalo wevidiyo, zibukela ifilimu, okanye ziqukuqela i-amime. Imidlalo yevidiyo isoloko ikuvumela ukuba ulindele umvuzo ocacileyo: Nqoba umphathi, gcina ihlabathi, bona umqulu wetyala. Noko ke, uAnime, usoloko eboleka izixhobo zabanye abasebenzelana ngemimoya ukuze atshabalalise. Ungabukela uthotho oluya ngasemehlweni, kodwa ulandelise igorha elihamba limke kulo ngokupheleleyo — intshukumo enokuthi iphazamise umdlalo kodwa ivakalise incoko ebhekiswe kwisigqibo sangaphakathi.

Ibonisa njenge [[FLT: 0] isiphelo se memon Boy ngokufumana isiphelo sedalelo, apho uhambo lomqhubi wenqanawa luye lwakhokelela kusindiso kodwa kwisiphelo esigqibeleleyo, sokuzikhetha. Olu hlobo lokuqukumbela luvavanya ukulindela ukuba ingxelo ende edibanisayo mayinikele ulungiso olubuyiselwa kwakhona. Ngokubhukuqa iingcamango ezinjalo, aime ifundisa abaphulaphuli bayo ukuxabisa ingqibelelo yobuntu kwisigqibo secebo. Ufunda ukuxabisa ubunjani bohambo ngokwalo, kunokuba uqwalasele kwindawo ekusinge kuyo.

Imiphumo Ehlala Ihleli Kuluntu

Xa uhambo lwegorha luhlala lungaphelelanga, ubomi beli bali bude kakhulu ngaphaya kwesiphelo salo. Abantu abahlala ngaphandle baqalisa ukuphikisana ngesiphelo esingaqondakaliyo, bacebisa ezinye iinkcazelo, kwaye bavelise imisebenzi yokudala ezalise loo zithuba. UNEon Genesis Evangelion mhlawumbi ngumzekelo opheleleyo wophando: amashumi eminyaka emva kwesigqibo salo esiphikisayo, amaqumrhu asaqhubeka nokushwankathela ngesigqibo sokugqibela sikaShinji kunye noko kuthethwa yingcamango yegosa.

Oku kuganana okuthatha ixesha elide, kukodwa, kuluhlobo loloyiso lwengxelo. Endaweni yokunika intsingiselo eyodwa, intsingiselo epheleleyo, uhambo olungaphelelanga luba yindawo apho abalandeli abaninzi benokuthi basebenzise iingxabano zabo kunye nobuchule babo. Imisebenzi yoluntu njengeqela lengqondo, ukulungisa inkxwaleko engalungiswanga yebali kwaye, ngokwenza njalo, ukugcina ukufuna kwegorha kuphila. Ukungalo lweqhinga kubangela ukuba ubutyebi obuninzi ngokomlinganiselo wentetho elula bungasoze bufikelele.

Xa Uhambo Lufikelela Esiphelweni

Ngoko kutheni uhambo lweqhawe lokuzimela indlwane lusoloko lusilela isiphelo soloyiso? Ngenxa yokuba i-amine, ngelingxam layo elinamandla, icela ukuqwalasela kwakhona ukuba luluphi uhambo. Akusoloko kungenxa yokuphumelela; kungokubona umntu ehamba ngelizwe elingathembisiyo isiphelo solonwabo. Eliqhawe lisenokusilela, liphinde liphinde lihambele phambili, okanye liqhubeke nje lihamba kwikamva elingenakuqiniseka — kwaye, ingcali iyanyanzelela. Ngokuthi u-slim, antentele akunike imvume yokufumana inzuzo kwimilo yakho engagqibekanga. Uhambo, ngoko ke, alibi linokuba lilothelela, liphinde libe liphumele, okanye lihambele ngokunyanisekileyo lihambele phambili, lihamba ngokungakhathali, lisenza umntu ozingisileyo.