Ukunqumla ibala, ifilimu, uncwadi kwanentengiso yemihla ngemihla, ezinye iingxelo zivela ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwibali lesiJapan. Ezi ziganeko ziqhelekileyo — i-stoic samurai, umvuzo okhutheleyo, iqela elinentsebenziswano eliyoyisayo kwiphulo lokuzingca, ukungqubana okubuhlungu phakathi kwesithethe kunye nokukhuthala kwale mihla ephezulu — zingaphezulu kakhulu kunezinto ezithe zavingxeka ngokuyila imbali, intanda-bulumko namava ahlukeneyo. Ukukhupha oko ezi zihloko zityhila ngesazela sesizwe esimanyeneyo: amathemba aso, amaxhala aso, imithetho yaso enkxalabo yaso, nokubhala kwayo okuzichaza ngokuziko okuzinzileyo ihlabathi lineyo.

Yintoni Eyenza Inkcubeko Ibe Nentsingiselo?

I-trope asiyonto nje esetyenziswayo. Kwizifundo ze-media, i-trope ngumzobo okanye indibano ekwaziyo ukuphinda isetyenziswe. Xa i-trope iqhubekeka kumashumi eminyaka kunye ne-generes — ukusuka kwi-Edo-periture i-atre kwi-active yangoku [[FLT: 0]] i-opentaiai [[FLT: 1]] imizobo ekhaphukhaphu-khaphu — ibonisa ukuba i-filter isenza umsebenzi obalulekileyo wesithethe. I-Trope ifikisa amaxabiso antswana anzima kwizinto ezicacikileyo ezicaciweyo. Bafundisa ababuke into abanokuyixabisayo, into yokoyika, nendlela yokunxulumana nayo. Ngokufunda, sinokulandela iilayini ezingqungquthelanayo zobudulo malunga ne-compulth, amandla oluntu, uluntu, uluntu lwe-Isbosbo.

EJapan, imvelaphi enzulu yezi ntlobo ifikelela kwi Shintō aimism, ubuBhuda obungalawulekiyo, imilinganiselo yobuConfucius kunye nokuthuka kwembali kolwahlulo, uhlaziyo kunye nemfazwe. Kude nokuhlala, nokokuba, i-tropes zamaJapan ziphinde zahlulwa. yakha yabhalwa kwakhona ngu-FORGAN [FLT] [1] [FLT] [1] [iindlela engundoqo] (indlela ebanzi) (ikholishikth- ) epheleleyo yohlobo loluntu apho ime khona ngolomzuzu.

Iintsontela Eziqhelekileyo njengeMaphu yeNkcubeko

Iintsomi ezine ezidityanisiweyo zibalaselisa amabali aseJapan, yaye nganye ikhanyisa inkalo eyahlukileyo yesifo sengqondo sesizwe.

1. I-Hero’s Journey of Self-Cultification

Kwimiboniso yaseNtshona, uhambo lwegorha ludla ngokufikelela kwincopho yoloyiso lwangaphandle. EJapan, ipateni enzulu ingu [[FLT: 0] shugyō — uqeqesho olunzulu nokugqibelela. Ukuba kwinqwele [[FLT:] i-FLT] ... Thut , idrame efana [[FLT], ebanzi [[FLT] [[12] i-FT] i- fungsss syn system], i- sythromentias syn [FLT], okanye i-ftleaft [ft: FF] ekhoyo. [upperfut:] [FFFFog] umqulu okhoyo kweyakheyisi.[11]

2. Umthetho weNkxaso

Ukuba i Hollywood ibhiyozela i-operal-mouse egobileyo, incoko yamaJapan isoloko iqalisa imfazwe phakathi [i- ijiko-chūnin (ukuzifaka) kunye [[FLT]] [iqela] (iqela]]] [iqela]] [iqela]]. Incophotho yemidlalo eninzi yemidlalo, iphuma kwaye idibanisa i-aigh i-aicessss kwingcule yengcule. Iqela lemidlalo lihlala kunye, lingahambi ngenxa yenkwenkwezi enye kodwa ngenxa yomgudu owenziweyo. [i-Flueffa] [uFute: umgaqo othengwa ngu-unyaka-unyaka othe ngqo, umgangatho ophezulu we-Foffa.[10] [umphatho] [umphan : umgaqo-offain: [Fose-uthrome]

3. Indalo Njengobukho Obuphilayo

Imbali yeJapan ingcangcazelisa ngemeko-bume yendalo. Amahlathi angcwele, imilambo inemimoya, kwaye kami (iindawo ezingaqhelekanga) zeShintō isebenzisa iintaba namatye. Kwimifanekiso efana iiPrinces Monoke, indalo ayiniki zixhobo — ibangela imfazwe nxamnye nokubawa kwabantu. Kwanakwimidlalo yasedolophithi, ixesha lokuqhaqhaqhaqhatha lisebenza njengesixhobo sokubala, isikhumbuzi esikhawulezayo se [[FLT] , nono noyezo oluneyo olubuhlungu lwe-infektha.

4. Ubugcisa Nxamnye Nesithethe

I-tropes ezimbalwa zifana nomfanekiso wemaski yeSinstō justare ngokuchasene nesakhiwo esiphakamileyo sejikobheni, okanye umzimba wekhompyutha ongqubana nomphefumlo womntu. Imisebenzi enjenge i-Gaff kwiShell, Akira kunye [[FLT]] nemfazwe ye-FLM] kunye no-[FLT]] SSmer [ ayithathi ubugcisa njengotshaba; kunoko, bahlola indlela ikamva eliphezulu elihlalisa ngayo nesithethe samandulo. Oku akuthethi kuthi kuphile nyanise oko kuthutho lwelizwe lokuhambisa iimbumbulu kunye nokuxhasa ii-enjini ze-Ginjini ze-engile ezisetyenziswa ngexesha lombutho lwe-Gwa. I-Geneain icebisa ukuba iqhubeke ukusetyenziswa phakathi kwezikolo kunye nencoko yangaphambili.

Ingxelo Yembali: Indlela Imbali Ebhala Ngayo Iintambo Zanamhlanje

IDNA yale mihla yaseJapan yabakho ngenxa yokuqhekeka kwembali, nto leyo eyashiya amasalela ayo.

Ukubuyiselwa KweMeiji Nesipili saseNtshona

Xa iJapan yavula iminyango yayo ngo1868, yajamelana nengxaki yokuzichaza: indlela yokuba yi-"asemzimbeni" ngaphandle kokuyeka ukuba “maJapan”. i-kai kaika (ukuzinzisa nokukhanyiselwa) yazala ilizwe ngobugcisa baseNtshona, ifashoni kunye neengcamango. Iinkcubeko zexesha — kwaye ezininzi ezalandelayo — zidutyulwa ngabasebenzi abadibanisa oku kungqubana. Udidi lwendoda eselula yaseNtshonalanga ekwiminqwazi ephezulu, esoloko iphikisana nomdala we-kimoriokiyo, uthetha kwinkxalabo yokuncitshiswa kwenkcubeko. Namhlanje unxunguphalo olukhoyo kwimilo yelizwe lase-Japan elihambayo okanye elifunda amazwe angaphandle, ngokufuthi luzama ukudibana nembono oqinileyo.

Iintsontela zenqwelo-moya zasemva kwemfazwe kunye nentambo yokulungisa

Ulwamkelo kwiMfazwe Yehlabathi II lwavelisa ubalo olunzulu lwenkcubeko. Azizange zisombulule nje kuphela izixeko eziphathekayo zada zaluthuthu, kodwa iingcamango zobuGqwebedu bolawulo kunye nembeko yemikhosi zaphuka. kwindawo yayo kwavela itrope yabasisindisi abavundileyo, umntu oqhelekileyo owakha kwakhona ngokuzingisa. Ifilimu i-Goazilla [[[FLL]]] [[FLT]] [1] idla ngokufundwa njengesitheko loxinzelelo lwe Yumjuphu, kodwa njengesixhobo sokunyusa isikhalo sokuphucukucezelo seqela. [5] I-kayi-GOPT] i-PGOLD [5] i-FFFF] kunye negama lomkhosi we- `GOctive'.[5]

Iphupha Elinemvuku Nento Enganelisekiyo

Inkqubela yezoqoqosho yabangela ukuphucuka kwephulo eligqithisileyo: umvuzo onqwenelekayo, intombazana entle yasedolophini, iphupha lokusebenzisa ubunewunewu. I-Media yexesha lokukhanyisa ngemisinga ephezulu kunye nohambo lwezizwe ngezizwe. Kodwa ukugqabhuka kweqabu ekuqaleni kowama 1990 , i- i-[FOM] ivelise impepho yethemba. [FOLT] ekwi-'infont's', [FFOT] [5] [FFFFOLT] [5] [5] [iFFFFFT] [ig] (iet:] [iet:] [iequmsssslect, okanye i-Promogssion, i-[Foffance] enjenge-Foff.[flave]]].[flave]

Okuthethwa Ziintsontela: Oko Kufundiswa Yintambo Ngomntu Oyindoda Okanye Umfazi

Inkcubeko yemibutho yenkcubeko yenziwa yaze yaphikiswa. Kwizixhobo zamajelo zamajelo aseJapan, ubudoda nobubhinqa buye bangqongqo kakhulu, ukanti umahluko okhoyo kule mbono utyhilwayo.

Umthwalo Wobuqhophololo BaseJapan

Iinjongo zeMasculine kwi tropes zesiJapan zixhomekeke kuxinezeleko oluphakathi jani (isiseko sobunyani kunye nomsebenzi) kunye [ ne[FULT:] Giri [imfuno yentlalo]. Isamurayi, isoloko iveliswa [ngexesha elide] ku [[FLT:] Samuramia [[FLT] [[5]] ku [[FT] kuthumb] [iiiii] [iiiinte] , ibandakanya ukunyaniseka kukufa nokucinezelelwa ngokweemvakalelo ezingokweemvakalelo ezingekho sidima. [umdlalo wodwa, unyuso oluqhelekileyo kumntu oqhelekileyo [Fokn] [Ft.[10] [umphan, umphace wooff]

Iinkalo Ezininzi Zobufama

IYamato Nadexiko — ibhinqa elifanelekileyo laseJapan, elityibilikayo, eliziphetheyo nelingenamsebenzi — laliyindawo engagqibekanga yokunyulwa. Liyaqhubeka kwimidlalo engokwembali kwaye kwanakwi “iimpawu zomfazi ogqibeleleyo” zesibonelelo se-acensi yobomi. Kodwa ijelo-ndaba laseJapan lisoloko lifaka iinputpes , imfutho yebhinqa, i-athom [[FFF] engaphezulu], i-aflat [FF3], uhlobo (uhlobo olusuka ku-'FL: 0] Inyanga [[FL:]]] isandi esiphambili [[FLT]]] [[FLT]]]] ibonelogs, iins ephakathi koonobumbakazi, i-ebugrouniain, i-equase-eases .[10][10] i-equases preses train: "ifFF], i-easeases] sy: "eases] sy

Iseti yemali edityanisiweyo

Akukho trope ihlala kwindawo yasekuhlaleni kwixesha lokuthothoza nokuthumela amajelo eendaba. Iinkcubeko ezithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe zamaJapan zinesiseko sehlabathi esichaza ii-tropes zize ziphinde zicaciswe, zize zibuyele kwimeko eguqukileyo. Okwangoku, iingxelo zaseNtshona zigaleleka eJapan, zixubanisa ummandla wembali.

“ IKool Japan” iye yaba licebo elithambileyo. I-samurai kunye ne-ninja tropes, ezikhutshiwe kwimbali yazo, zalungiselwa ukusetyenziswa kwezizwe ngezizwe zamazwe zaze zathunyelwa eJapan, apho abadali bekhaya ngoku badibanisa iintetho zehlabathi lonke ezilula. Umzekelo onomtsalane yile inkcukumiso yehlabathi lonke IDemon Slayer: Kimetsu no no Yaiba, edityanisa uTaishō-erathetics nemixholo yehlabathi yokunyaniseka noloyikekayo, yonke into igalelwe yiqhawe elililayo ekuhleni. Oku kuvakalayo kubangela ukufikelela kwemfazwe esukruphili.

I-tropes yeNtshona ijongisa kwibali lamaJapan. I-Hollywood “okhethiweyo” ukubalisela, owenziwe ngokungaqhelekanga kwimpucuko exabisa umgudu weqela, udibanise nokubalisela kwengingqi zobulali kungcelele olufana i-Attack kuTi[, apho umntu okhethekileyo angenakuphumelela ngaphandle kweCurter Corps. Okwangoku, iifom ze-comediady format ezibolekayo ezibolekayo kwi K-drama kunye ne-Melika zithenjiwe, kodwa zigcina intele ecacileyo, [[FLT:]] i-flurlate umboniso wesibonelo. Ucathulo oluluncedo. Ucathulo- olubonisa ukuba i- hogengen ekhutshiwe; zibonakala ngokujongwa kwimpucuko eJapan, [FFFFF:]]

Iingxaki zengqondo nezentlalo

Kutheni i tropes ezithile zomnatha? Enye impendulo ikwinkumbulo edibeneyo kwaye yabelana ngeemfuno zengqondo. I trope ye kōhai (i-junior) izama ukufumana uvumo lwentambo yemva [ isentapai [[[FLT]] [iiinqanawa]] [iinqanawa] ezidityanisiweyo] [inqanawa] [i-FLT] ibonakalisa isakhiwo esithe nkqo sentlalo-ntle ne [[FLTLT:]] (ijikela) (intentelo) ngamandla oko kuchazwe ngokubanziwa ngokubanzi. Inika imo yendlela yolwalamano kunye nemifanekiso eyamkelekileyo ekufuneni.

I i-esilekai iphupha, apho umntu oqhelekileyo esiwa khona kwindawo apho ubuchule bakhe buye bavela kwishumi leminyaka elidlulileyo. Kuphandle, bububukho obunyulu obububukhali. Kodwa ingxubusho ebonakalisa ukungalingani kwesizukulwana nobuchule bomsebenzi onzima kunye nobuchule bezoqoqosho bale mihla. Kwihlabathi elinomsebenzi onzima othe kratya noxinzelelo lwexesha elidlulileyo lovavanyo nolokonakalisa uxilongo, iphupha lokunyulo lokunyulwa nokuxatyiswa — ngokufuthi kwihlabathi elikwixabiso elikwi-RPG-e.

Iinguqu, iClichés neDrive yoTshaziso

Akukho ngxubusho yee-tropes ipheleleyo ngaphandle kokuvuma icala lazo elibi: ukuxilonga, ubuvila, kunye nokukhuthazwa kwemilinganiselo eyingozi. Ukusetyenziswa kakhulu kwe [[FLT: 0] bishōjo (incasazana entle) i-trope inganciphisa iimpawu zamabhinqa kwimiqhano exhotyisiweyo. [[FLT:]] [iii-gbabru [[[FLT:]]] [iiingxoxo] i-i-i-fice ingcuthe ngokugqithisa nokungalungisi ngokwengqondo. Iqela-harmony trope linokuvala ukungavumelani okusemthethweni nokukhuthaza impucuko ye [FLT:] [FLD:] [if5] [ifFLT]]

Abadali bamaJapan, ngoko, bazibiza ngesiqu sabo. Izalathiso ezifana ne Gintama ngokuphandle zonke ii-shōnen cliché, ngelixesha iiPrincess Jollyfish zifaka imingeni ephezulu ngokunyanzela ukuba iimpawu zayo zesifama zifuneke zizenze zintle ngokwesiqhelo ukuze zivuye. Abaphulaphuli abancinane, ababunjwa ngamaxabiso entlalo nazweni, batsala amabali axokekileyo okanye anzima amaxwebhu amadala. Oku kunyanzela-appel e-trope ihlala iphila, akukho myuziyamfama.

Ukuhendeka Kwesiko Nokuphela Kwalo

Eyokugqibela, i-trolpe yeyokulelana okungokwesithethe. Ingxelo zamaJapan, ukusuka kwiNtotho yeTokto ukuya ku ILingo Lakho ngoAprili, isoloko ifumana ubunzima bayo obungokweemvakalelo obungabangelwa luloyiso kodwa busuka ekuvumeni ukulahlekelwa nokungalawuleki. Intlaba ihlaziyo; i-Trope ifundisa ukuba isiphelo esihle asingokuphela kodwa sihlala sihleli kodwa sibhekiselele kwingqiqo yobuBhuda [[FLT:] [FLT:] [FLT] [5] [inc:] [ipt] [empence] kwaye inika ulungiso lwezimongoleko kuluntu olujongene neenyikima, kwaye i-tsunami, isenokuphinda-phinda-phinda intsingiselo yobuhle, into eyenzekayo.

Isiphelo: Izinto eziqhelekileyo

I-Trops zithetha inkcubeko yenkcubeko. Njengoko ilizwe lifumana inkcubeko ehambayo, iqela elifumana amandla ngokuvisisana, isipopolo sendalo sihlasela isixeko se-neon — ezi asiyondlela nje elula yokuthetha. Zizinto ezikhoyo zentetho yeJapan. Njengoko eli lizwe lihamba ngomcimbi wenani labantu, ukuhambela phambili kwezobugcisa, kunye nokuziphindezela okuthe ngcembe, ababali bebali bazakukwazi ukwenza amatsha kwaye bajijekethe abantu abadala. Ukunikela ingqalelo kule ngcamango yendaleko kuvumela nabani na, okanye ngaphandle kweJapan, ukuqonda indlela le phuphazamvo, ixhalabisa ngayo, kunye nokubuyela ekuthetheni kwakho. Kwixesha elizayo udibana nesikolo esinesatyula okanye i-mislaska, ujongana kude neqela lezinto zoluntu, ujonga kwiqela lenkcubelo-culo.