Indlela enqumlayo yokuyila iTroyi:

I-trope yandisa ngaphaya kwe-cliché. Isuka kwigama lesiGrike elithi “tropis,” elithetha ukujika okanye indlela, i-trope imela isiqobo solwazi lwento ethethwayo. Ngoxa abagxeki bethi itropes zingqinelane okanye zisetyenziswe, eneneni zisebenza njenge-ankile zengqondo. Xa sidibana nengxubusho endala esilumkileyo, inkwenkweli engenatyala yefama emiselwe ubukhulu, okanye intsika ekrakrakra, ubuchopho bethu bufumana ngokukhawuleza iqula lento yenkcubeko kunye neembutho zeemvakalelo. Le nto yenzeka ngenxa yokuba ingcamango yezothutho [[FLT]] icebisa ukuba iingxelo zethu zizenze ngokwendlela zobomi bomntu, ukwenza amava obuqu eziluncedo.

Iingcali zale mihla ezithetha amabali, njenge Blake Snyder kumsebenzi wakhe wentsimbi sindisa i-Cat!, zilinganisele le milinganiso kwimibhobho yebhanti kunye neendibano. Umbhali uyakwazi ukuchaza ezi ntlobo, ngokuchanekileyo ziyakwazi ukunxibelelana nge-okhestrate messandro. I-okhestrate ayiyo igeji eqinileyo, zizixhobo ezithambileyo, xa ziphethwe ngenkathalo, zinika ulwahlulo lwezi. Zinika amagama ahlukeneyo avumela abadali ukuba banxibelelane ngezi meko zeemvakalelo ezintsonkothileyo ngaphandle kokwazisa, zisebenzisa ngqo iimpendulo ezingokweemvakalelo ezigciniweyo.

Umatshini Ongokweemvakalelo: Isizathu Sokuba Iintambo Zisishukumise

Abantu bayizidalwa ezifuna ngendalo ezihamba ngendlela elungeleleneyo. Ukususela ebuntwaneni, sifunda ukukhangela ulandelelwano lweziganeko, kwaye oku kulindeleyo kubangela iimpendulo zemichiza ebuchotsheni. Xa ingxelo ilandela itrope emiselwe kakuhle, njengokuphumelela kwe-endoug-neuro ye-epagers ephantsi kwe-eyethu , ukudubulana kwe-odou ne-epamine okukhuthaza ukugana kwethu. Uphando lwenzululwazi yenzululwazi lubonise ukuba amabali achukumili e-oxytocin, ukukhulisa ulwano kunye noluvo lokunxibelelana nabasebenzi bentengiso. Uqhagamshelwano lwezipili ze-enjiko ludala irhintyela enamandla eyenza i-tropemines ive ibe namandla ngokweemvakalelo.

I-Tropens ifumana oko isazi ngengqondo uCarl Jung sikuchaza njenge ntlobo-ntlobo: abasebenzi bomhlaba wonke, abantsomi abahlala kwiqela lethu bengekho zingqondweni. "IShadow," "Trickster" kunye "Mama Omkhulu" zivela kwiindawo ngeendawo ezithe ngqo ngenxa yokuba zibonakalisa iingxabano ezisisiseko zabantu. Xa umbhali ebhala kwezi ntlobo zingundoqo, abaphulaphuli bafumana ubuchule obugqitha iinkcukacha ezikhethekileyo. Oku kungundoqo ongokweemvakalelo: ukutshintshisana phakathi kwenjongo yomdali, nokuqwalaselwa ngabaphulaphuli. Ababhali abaninzi abaphumelelayo bayazi le ngxoxo ngokuchanekileyo, besazi ukuba nini naxa bezalisekisa oko kulindelweyo kwaye xa bebontenxanela iziphumo ezipheleleyo.

Inkumbulo, iNostalgia, kunye nolwazi

Ii-tropes eziqhelekileyo ziphinda zibangele ucaphulo oludala oludityaniswe nolulangazelelo. Xa umfundi edibana “negosa elinoburhalarhume” njenge Frodo Baggins okanye uHarry Bumbing, ababoni nje umntu; baphinda baphinda bajonge iimvakalelo ezilandelelanayo zamabali amaninzi ababewathandayo ngaphambili. Oku kugquma inkumbulo yobuqu kunceda ukuva iziphumo ezikhawulezileyo. Isiphumo yibali elivakala ngathi zintsha kwaye ziqhelekile, njengengoma ethandwayo ephinda yaqalwa kwisitshixo esitsha. I-nonstaligia-dpes isebenza njengamasango achuku, ivumela abaphulaphuli ukuba bafumane imixholo enzima kukhuseleko lwezinto ezaziwayo.

Ukucinywa Kweentambo Ezingundoqo Zeemvakalelo

Ngoxa ii-trope ziphantse zingaphindi, iintlobo ezimbalwa zesiseko ziwangqina ngokuphindaphindiweyo amandla abo okushukumisa abaphulaphuli. Ukuqonda indlela abacinga ngayo kunceda ababhali bazisebenzise ngokuchanekileyo. Ngamnye wezi trope usebenza njengesixhathiso semvakalelo, uyakwazi ukuvelisa iimpendulo ezithile xa zibekwe kakuhle kwisazinge sengxelo.

Ukoyisa Kwenja Engaphantsi

Akukho trope ikhupha iprojekthi eninzi ebangela umdla njenge-ixoog project. Le ngxelo ihambisana nenkolelo esisiseko yomntu yokusesikweni kunye nokuphumelela komntu ngokwakhe. Ukusuka kwi Rocty Balboa ukuya kwi Katnis Everdeen, i-deen ephantsi kwe-deen ibangela umnqweno wethu onzulu wokubona umvuzo okhoyo nxamnye nemeko enzima. Isangqa semvakalelo apha sinethemba lokuba uphumelele ekoyiseni; iqinisekisa ukuba ukulwa kwento enenjongo. Xa sisenza ibali eliphantsi kwe-Katnis Everdeen, impembelelo enzulu yemvakalelo isuka kumvuzo zokugqibela, kodwa kukhuthamo olungapheliyo nolwenzeko olubalulekileyo. Imeko ephawulekayo phantsi kolwazi oluthiweyo lugcwele kwiingxaki nezincinane, ulwenzelo ngalunye lwempumelelo olufunyenweyo.

Intlungu Yonxantathu Yothando

Uthando lunqumla intliziyo yemfazwe yabantu. Lusebenzisa iingxaki zangaphandle: ukhuseleko kunye , olwaziwayo kunye nolungaziwayo. Utshintsho lwemvakalelo luzalwa ngokuthuthunjiswa kokukhethwa kunye nokungalahlekelwa. I-eedictdict triangles, njengoko zibonwa kwimisebenzi enjenge [[FLT: 0] i-Thighasy nerhalation [[FLT: 1]] okanye uthotho lwexesha elinye olufana [ Ihlobo lokuhamba umgangatho wePretty[[[FLT]]], iziphawu eziqhutywayo, ii-grandroot, kunye nolwandiso, ababukeli, abajongenelo olufana nolutyebileyo. Iintlungu zeqela elicudiweyo kunye nolwaphulo-luvo lwetyala lomntu osisityebi. Olu hlobo lwezigqibo lwemilo lwemie. Olu hlobo lwezinzo lwezinzo lwexesha lanamhlanje luye lwandisa oluthi trappeinsting, olukhetha ii-transtiestiesties, ezongezelelekn, ezongezeleleka.

Isandla Esingunogada Sommeli

Umncedisi ongumcebisi u-archetype, oboniswe nguGandalf, uMnu Miyagi, okanye uYoda, uvusa iimvakalelo zokhuseleko, ubulumko, kunye nokudlula okubuhlungu kolwazi ukusuka kwesinye isizukulwana ukuya kwesinye. Isiseko esingokweemvakalelo apha ngumzali onamandla owehlayo. Ukuhamba komqeqeshi ekugqibeleni. Ngokufuthi okanye umgama ophakathi, uMnumzana uMyagi, okanye uYoda, uvusa isithethe sokubonakalisa ukuzimisela komqeqeshi we-proganis. Le lahleko iziva inzulu kakhulu kubaphulaphuli, ishukume ngoxabiso, kwaye iqinisa umxholo ofuna ukuyeka umgangatho okhuselekileyo. Ababhali abanika umqeqeshi osisityebi, iimpazamo zobuqu, kunye nemfundiso ekhethekileyo ingaphakamisa i-tropist ekwisixhobo esineemvakalelo esipheleleyo se-ankile.

Igwebu Lenkukhukula Elinethemba Lentshontsho

Mhlawumbi eyona ntambo idibeneyo kuzo zonke ii tropes, iArheri yentlawulelo iphendula imfuneko enzulu yomntu yokuxolelwa nokutshintsha. Iimpawu ezifana noSeverus Snape, Darth Vader, okanye Zuko ukusuka [kuFLT: 0]] Atar: IAstyle Airbender [ ibamba iintliziyo zethu kuba zibonisa ukuba ukungaphumeleli kwangaphambili akufuneki kuchaze ikamva. Uhambo lwemvakalelo alushukumi lusuka ekucaphukeni okanye kwintiyo lusiya kuvelwano olunzulu, lubonisa amandla afihlakeleyo abaphulayo ukwenzela amathuba okugqibela. Intsika elungileyo yokukhulula intlungu enzulu, ebuhlungu, ebuhlungu, esoloko isenza isenzo sokucamathisela, isenzo sokugqibela, sokulungisa. Isifundisa ukuba akukho mntu ogcina umyalezo ohlala eluncedo. Iyazi ukuba uyakwazi ukusindisa intuthulo olunelisayo olulula; bagweba ukhutyekele ulawulo lwezinzo olupheleleyo loncedo lokuzinzo lwezo olupheleleyo lwezo olupheleleyo.

Isifundo Setyala: Zuko kwiAvatar: Inqwelo - moya Yokugqibela

Isuti ka Zuko ingunozala ophambili wentlawulelo. Iquka amaxesha amathathu, aqala ngenkosana ephenjelelwa kukuhlazeka nomsindo, ehamba ngokuziququzela nokungcatsha, kwaye igqibezela kwisigqibo esiphantsi sokudibanisa amagorha. Isiseko esingokwemvakalelo sale ncam sixhomekeke ekuqondeni kwabaphulaphuli iimfazwe zangaphakathi zikaZuko. "inxano yakhe yangaphakathi" inxano yakhe yokukholiswa nguyise , kunye nengqiqo yakhe yokuzalwa yebulungisa. Ixesha ngalinye uZuko usondela kwintengiselwano, isiphazamiso siyambuyisela emva, senze ukhetho lokugqibela olufunyenweyo nolutshintsha. Ukusebenzisa kwabaphulaphu okubonakalayo (isitshingi, isimbo somlilo) kunye nengxoxo yendlela yokubetha i-trover-mote, ebonisa indlela ebonakalisa ngayo isandi esichumisayo.

Ukusuka KwiCliché Ukuya Kwiindibano Ezibalaseleyo: Iindibano Zokuguqula Imbali

Ngokungaboniyo intlupheko elandela ii-tropes ngaphandle koqalo lukhokelela kwingxelo ezidalayo, ezinokuxelwa. Ezona zibalekayo zidla ngokubandakanyeka kuguquko lwentambo , ```````'''''''''. Ukubeka amathemba okuzibhukuqa kuphela. Xa [[FLT.2]] Umjelo weThrones [iiNTLL]] obekiweyo, waphelisa i-Ned Stark, waphelisa “ukusinda okungaphephekiyo" trope, ukukhupha uloyiko lokwenene nokungaqiniseki. Oku kuguqulwa kolu hlobo lokuzingela okunga kurhoxinzelela kwazi.

Uxinzelelo kufuneka luphathwe ngenkathalo, nangona kunjalo. Ukuba ukujijwa kuvakala kungenamsebenzi okanye kungenalusini, kubonakalisa ukuveliswa kweemvakalelo zabaphulaphuli. Ukugqwethwa okunempumelelo kusekukuzukisa isangqa semvakalelo: umcebisi owileyo angadlulisela ubulumko babo ngesenzo sokugqibela, esingalindelekanga sokungcatsha, okanye unxantathu wothando angaziquququzelela nge-protagonthi ekhetha ukuzithanda ngaphandle koko kukumhlosi. Undoqongozelo kukugcina unyanisekile ngokweemvakalelo kwanokuba ngaphaya koko kusemgangathweni. Ubuchule bokuyila bungaqhelisa uqhelisa ubulumko obungakhangelwanga, uyakwazi ukutshintsha iimvakalelo ezintsha.

Ukudibanisa iintambo ukwenzela ii-nardiations ezininzi

Ibali elinamandla alisoloko lixhomekeke kwi-trope enye. Endaweni yoko, iingxelo zobuchule zidibanisa ii-trope ezininzi kwilaphu elingenamthungo. I Pixar's Ingaphandle ngexesha elinye isebenzisa i-“journey hour journey" trope, i-“budydy" enamandla phakathi kovuyo nodamo, kunye nokulahlekelwa kokungabi nabucala. Isiphumo sisisigxina apho i-tropemp nganye ifaka kwabanye, ibonakalisa ukuntsonkotha kwemvakalelo yokwenene yomntu.

Ukudibanisa ii-tropes kuvumela ukuba i-tropes zikwazi ukumelana nenye indawo. Ukuthemba okuninzi kwe-arhente yokukhulula kungasekelwa ngokumahla kwe-pgmat okungathandekiyo “kwesi sizathu esibuhlungu,” kuthintela ukuba ibali libe yilahleko. Xa kusenziwa iintlabathi ezinjalo, qwalasela indlela iintsimbi ze-trope ezingqukuva ezinokuyitshintsha okanye ziqine ngayo enye. Igosatha elithandabuzayo elikwa phantsi kwe-demkase lidala umaleko ophindiweyo wabaphulaphuli abanoveneyo, ngelixa uthando olunzima ngomququngeno ofuna i-achor-aronis. Ingxube eninzi entluntlungelaneyo ethetha ngemvo-ie.

Imeko yenkcubeko kunye nenkqubo ye-Evolution yeeTropens

Iintambo azimi ndawonye; zijikajikela ecaleni kwamaxabiso oluntu. “umonakalo onzima” ujikelezwe ngokuqhubekayo okanye uphazanyiswe ngu“mfazi wemfazwe,” ebonisa iindima ezitshintshayo zesini. Umncedisi akafuni ukuba yindoda endala, eneentshebe, ." Ukubona ukujijwa kwale mihla komntu okwishumi elivisayo ojongene nomntu omdala ophelelwe lithemba. Ukuqonda le ndaleko kwenza ababhali bakwazi ukwenza ukhetho oluchanekileyo. Ukusebenzisa i-trope kuthetha ukudibana nempahla yayo embalini: “umsindibani wanamhlanje omhlophe” akufuni kubangela ukuba aphenduleke kunokuba novelwano.

Uphando olukwintsomi echaza amabali angqukuva, njengophando olukwizinto ezidibeneyo ezikwindawo ebanzi ezikwindawo ebanzi ezikhoyo[, lubonisa ukuba nangona isiseko semvakalelo ye-troppe siqheleke jikelele, intetho yazo kufuneka ibe yeyobulumko ngokwenkcubeko. Ababhali abatshintsha ii-tropesss ukutshintsha iimbono ezahlukeneyo ezidala ii-iintshi ezidiza iimvakalelo ezisuka kwingingqi zehlabathi lonke, ezinyusa impembelelo engqiqweqweni kunokuba zithomalalise yona. Ngomzekelo, “i-astriccerder” uhlobo lwamachaphall belusebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zentsoko (Anansi isigca), izithethe zamaMelika (Cote), kunye neNorsethiclo (Loki), kodwa umsebenzi wendlela eshukumayo nengcuku, ezi inguqulelo eziqhelekileyo, ezinokukhetha ezo inguqulelo ezisebenza kwingxelo.

Imizekelo yomhlaba wonke yokuzinziswa kwentambo

Anime ne manga zidla ngokuxuba ii-tropes ze-Western ne-Eastern Transo. “isekai” gere", apho uphawu luthuthelwa kwelinye ihlabathi ``intlanzi ephuma emanzini' ngemixholo yesithethe yamaJapan yephiko kunye neyesibini. Ngokunjalo, iifilimu zeBollywood zisebenzisa i-“luvo lokuqala" i-trope, kodwa ziyifaka phakathi kwentsapho kunye nengcinezelo ye-soteal ebangela ukuba ibe nobunzima obucacileyo obungokweemvakalelo obungekhoyo kwimiboniso yothando lwaseNtshona. Ezi zicelo zokwayambulo zibonisa ukuba i-trope ayibotshelelwa ngokwesithethe kodwa zinokuphinda zisetyenziswe ukuze zilungele iimeko ezintsha zemvakalelo zengqondo ngexa igcina iziphumo zazo ezingundoqo.

Amaqhinga Asebenzisekayo Okubhala Ngeentsontela

Ukubopha intsika ukuze ifikelele kwingxelo enzulu kufuna injongo kunye nobugcisa, hayi nje ukuqaphela. Nazi iindlela ezicacileyo zokuziluka emsebenzini wakho ngaphandle kokubhala ngokunqena.

  • Thulula indlela ovakalelwa ngayo ngokweemvakalelo: Uhambo lwento yakho olungaphandle kwecebo. Chaza apho ufuna abaphulaphuli bazive benethemba, bephelelwe lithemba, okanye benoloyiso, emva koko khetha ii-trope ezizichaza ngokuzenzekelayo ezo mvakalelo. Sebenzisa iphepha lokubetha ukuhambisa itrope kunye nokuqhubekeka kweemvakalelo.
  • Iimpawu ezingaphaya kohlobo lolwazi: Kwanoyena mcebisi ukwaziyo kufuneka abe neempawu ezingaqhelekanga, iimpazamo, kunye nembali yobuqu. Nika igosa lakho elithandabuzayo isizathu sokuthandabuza okudibene kakhulu nelokuphuma kwazo ngasemva, hayi nje isibambiso sokulungisa.
  • [[FLT: 0] Irompyoy Irony kunye no-Ukwethukela: Abasebenzi mabavume i trope abahlala kuyo. Iqhawe elithi, “Ndiyazi ukuba le yinxalenye apho umcebisi efa khona,” ingakha umanyano lokwazi nabaphulaphuli ngexa isenika irhintyela ngokweemvakalelo xa isenzeka.
  • Intambo yentambo yentluphe kwinkcukacha zoluvo: Uloyiso lwenja engaphantsi kwe-dvog lwenziwa lwakhanya ngokucacisa inkcazelo($] ukugquma kwezihlunu, ukugquma kwesihlwele, ukubila kwethuku. Ukukhazimla kuguqula isibhamlo esiqhelekileyo sibe ngamava obuqu.
  • Uvavanyo lwenyani yeemvakalelo: Emva kokuzoba, hlolisisa imaphu nganye: ingaba umntu wokwenene uyasabela ngale ndlela? Ukuqinisekisa ukuba ingqiqo yeemvakalelo ibambekile, nakubume obumangalisayo. Ukuba isigqibo sothando sikanxantathu siziva sinyanzelekile, mbe nzulu kwintshukumisa yophawu.
  • Sebenzisa iiTroups njenge Sclafding, hayi izinqumlisi: Makuxhase ipropati ezingaqhelekanga zebali lakho. Ukuba ubhala isangqa sentlawulelo, zibuze ukuba yintoni eyenza indlela yophawu yocamagusho yahluke kwibali ngalinye lentlawulelo. Impendulo iza kukukhokelela kwisiqalo esiqhelekileyo.

Iintambo Kulwazi Lwale Mihla

Ukwanda kwemiboniso-bhanyabhanya nendalo ende edityanisiweyo kukhulisile indima ye tropes. Ii-Showrunner kufuneka ngoku zilawule ukulindela kwabaphulaphuli kwiminyaka emininzi, hayi iiyure. “intelekelelo ye-Villin” ngokomzekelo, ifuna ukunyuka okuthe tye kuwe ngamaxesha amaninzi ukuze uvakalelwe. Xa yenziwe ngokufanelekileyo, njengaku Ukuhomba uBhid [ utshintsho oluthe ngcembe lukaJesse Pinkman, umvuzo ongokweemvakalelo usisinyibilikisi. U-juqu uvumela ukutshiselwa phantsi konyuko lwenja ephantsi kwenjathi, kunye nemiqobo eyenza umva wolo luvakalise umva.

Noko ke, ukuntywilisela ulawulo lwendlela yokuhlola isithethe kudala ujongo oluninzi lwabaphulaphuli. Ababukeli baqikelela ngokukhutheleyo ukujijwa kweqhinga, benyanzelisa ababhali ukuba babhale ngesixhobo sokwakha. Oku kukhuthaza incoko eqhubekayo: abaphulaphuli bazisa ulwazi lwabo lwe trope, kwaye umbhali uphendula ngentlobo-ntlobo, adala amava emeta-momomea apho kukho umangaliso kunye noncomo lwendawo. Abanye babonisa, njengo [FLT: 0] Wandition, ngokuyamathelela abasebenzi ngokwabo ukuba bayazi i-tropes, bahlala besenza ugqatsono phakathi kwebali nengthsi. Oku kuzichaza kubonakalisa, kodwa kusenokufuneka ukuba baluphephe ukudibana okanye ukuxoxisana.

Imbopheleleko Yomntu Osebenzisa Intambo

Ngenxa yokuba i-tropes zisebenzisa impembelelo enzulu ngokweemvakalelo, ababali bebali banembopheleleko engokokuziphatha. Ukuxhasa utyekelo oluyingozi “ngomchako we-trope” kukhuthaza iziphumo eziyingozi zentlalo eziyingozi. Qwalasela imbali ende ye- “tragic queer” trope, apho abasebenzi beLGBTQ+ bakhanyelwayo ukuba bafumane isiphelo esimnandi. Abadali bale mihla bayakwazi ukukhulula baze baphinde banike ii-trope, benikela ingxelo ezinika ukuphilisa kunokulimaza. Undoqo wokuthetha ngezonwabisa kufuneka uquke ukuzinikela kwisidima sabantu, kusetyenziswa i-tropepe ukucel ’ umngeni ikhethe kunokuba bawukhuthaze.

Ngokufanayo, ukusetyenziswa kwemipu enxulumene nokugula ngengqondo, uhlanga, kunye nokukhubazeka kufuna uphando olucokisekileyo kunye nolwazi. Umbhali osebenzisa “ingcaphephe ekrelekrele” ngaphandle kokuvuma iziphumo zayo zokukwazi ukwandisa intsingiselo eyingozi ngokungeyonyani. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-tropes kubandakanya kungekuphela nje ukuqonda iimpembelelo zeemvakalelo zabo kodwa kwanempembelelo yabo entlalweni. Ngokuncina imbali nganye kunye nomonakalo, ababhali bangenza ukhetho olunolwazi olunokuphucula amabali abo ngoxa bewahlonela amava abo aphilayo.

Isiphelo: Intliziyo Ephilileyo Engathethekiyo

Iintambo zingaphezulu kakhulu kunento ethethwayo yokuxilonga; zintliziyo zentsomi yethu yenkcubeko. Zithumela uloyiko, iminqweno, kunye namathemba ngokwendlela esinokuwasebenzisa kunye. Ngokuqonda iimvakalelo zee-tropes eziqhelekileyo, ababhali bafumana ulawulo olunzulu kuhambo lwabaphulaphuli. (ukubeka iziganeko ezilula kwinto engaqhelekanga, ukuqinisekisa ubomi. Injongo ayikukuphepha ngokupheleleyo ukuqhuba i-trope, kodwa ibandakanya nazo, ukuzidinisa nokuzidiba de bavakale bengenakuthinteka kwaye bavakale bebonke. Ekupheleni, intsingiselo enzulu isuka ekusebenziseni abaqheleke kakhulu, isikhumbuza ukuba lonke uhambo lwegorharha, ngendlela yethu, uninzi lwathi olubalubalayo.