Isiseko Sesifo Somzimba: Isizathu Sokuba Ulungelelwano Lubalule

Upopayi luyinkohliso yobomi, inkqubo apho imiboniso emileyo okanye imifanekiso yamanani igqitha imida yabo ukuze baphefumle, bavakalise. Ngasemva kwayo yonke i-squint, ihleka, okanye iinyembezi, kukho ingxoxo phakathi kwemisebenzi emibini eyahlukileyo: umdlali welizwi onika umenzi womkhwa lowo nomntu ophonononga ubukho bawo bomzimba. Akukho qeqesho lunokuthwala indawo efihlakeleyo yomntu yedwa; i-injini yabo yinjini ephakamisa imbonakalo ecacileyo kwizinto zokuzonwabisa ukuya kwimizobo ecacileyo. Xa eli qela libona ukuba umdlali ophenjelelwayo akaboni okanye uva into engabonakaliyo efekdwa ecinga, esabelayo, kunye nee-emortingstings. Eli nqaku liphakamisa indlela yokulungisa, lisebenzisana, kwaye lichaza indlela elisebenzisana nesixhobo sokudlala.

Isixhobo Somdlali Welizwi: Ukwakha Uphawu Oluvela Kumdlali Ongaphakathi

Umdlali welizwi wenza okungaphezulu kakhulu kunokufunda amagama angaphandle kwephepha. Ukuqala ngegama kunye nomphathi, kufuneka akhe indlela epheleleyo yengqondo yomntu onjalo: Oku kuqondwa njani ihlabathi? Zintoni ezizoyikayo, iminqweno, kunye nezigulo ezisemzimbeni? Abazobi belizwi abadla ngokufunda ubuchule beqonga kunye ne-inrov ukufumana ilizwi elivakala njenge-athom. Bazama nge-fonto, ukulawula umoya, ukukhupha i-modefie, kwanohlobo lomlomo wabo ukuze bafumane uhlobo olufana noyilo lomntu onjalo nolungasemva.

Abaninzi basebenzisa indlela asebenza ngayo umzimba womntu nangona engasayi kuze avele kwi skrini. Ukuma okugobileyo kungacinezela idiaphragm, kufinyeze isandi; isifuba esikhukhumeleyo singafaka isandi sokuqhayisa. Olu khetho alubothuki. Bazisa ngqo isalathisi izigqibo zamva. Xa umculi ekhupha umgca ngephini elincinane, elidinwayo ngaphambi kokuthetha, ukuba unqumame okanye uthandabuze, uxinzelele i-aimator (*) inokuthi itsho ithambe igxam okanye ibhamze ingxolo encinci. Ngale ndlela, ilizwi lisebenza njengenqaku elinomculo elininzi, eligcweleyo ngenkcazelo yangaphakathi.

Abadlali belizwi bafunda ukwenza ngobuchule bobugcisa. Kufuneka babethe ixesha elichanekileyo lokuchaza i-aimatic, banikeze intshukumo edibanisa intloko ebonakala ngaphambili, okanye barhintyele umgca ngexa befanisa intshukumo yomlomo wesibonelelo esisele siphiwe. Oku kufuna ukuphaphamela ngombhobho wokulinganisa ogqitha kwithuku lemveli. Abadlali belizwi abangcono bangaba, ngokwengqiqo, abalinganisi-zifekethi; bafunxa umbhobho ngezinto zemvakalelo ezingalungiswanga eziza kufakwa kwifreyim.

Ilaphu Lesandi Lenqwelo - moya: Ukutolika Ilizwi Ngentshukumo

Abaqwalaseli bangabadlali ababonakalayo. Bafunda ilizwi elishicilelayo ngokungathi yeyona iskripti esibonisayo. Phambi kokuba badwelise isitshixo esinye, baphulaphula ngokuphindaphindiweyo, baphawula magama onke, ifflow, kunye nokuphefumla kwikhasi lomboniso , igridi ezobalula ixesha lokuma komlomo (ii-phonemes) kunye nokuzinza okungaphaya. Le ndlela yesithethe, isengundoqo nakumfanekiso we-3D wekhompyutha, iqinisekisa ukuba umhlathi womntu uvula ngqo “ah” kunye nezingxobo ezikwi-“w, kodwa ubuchule bubodwa bumgca wokuqalisa.

Ubuchule bokwenyaniso buxhomekeke ekuguquleni iimvakalelo kwintshukumo. Umqwalaseli unokubuza: Lomgca wokuzifihla uthe thaa uhamba ngenqanawa ngenene uloyiko olungcangcazelisayo? Bangasebenzisa umntu onomlomo oncuma kodwa omehlo akhe egubhayo, onamagxa anesidina esiqinileyo nanjengoba behleka. “12 imigaqo yophindo""""" ququash kunye nolaleko, ukulindela, ukubhabhabha, kwaye ingakumbi ukubaxaxaxa ngesixhobo sokubalaza oko kucetywa ngumdlali. Impoxo i-oyile ingenza intamki ebamba igophe ngokugoba okungaphaya komntu onamandla angaphezu komntu; ukukhwaza komlomo.

I-tem-medio idlala indima ebaluleke ngakumbi. Abashicileli abaninzi bathetha ngezandi kwikhamera ngexesha lokushicilela. Abalinganisi bafunda ezo mbonakalo zobuso kunye nefreyimu yezomtsalane, beboleka kungekuphela nje imiboniso ebanzi kodwa imiqondiso emincinane njengesitshingitshane esidlulayo okanye ukuqina kwemilebe. Ezi zingqiniso zomntu ziludongwe oluluhlaza olunokucinywa, lutyhale, lutyhale, luze luzinzise ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa yinyaniso. I-aimator ayikhupheli; ziyayiqinisa kwaye ziyayikhulisa into eyenzekayo.

Uthutho lomsebenzi we-Evolution: Ukusuka kwiShedyuli ye-Analog ukuya kudityaniso lwexesha lokwenene

Isingqino somdibaniso sitshintshile ngokuphawulekayo ukudlula amashumi eminyaka, kodwa isibham esingundoqo sokwakha sisaseleyo. Kwimodeli yophawu oluqhelekileyo .Still eqeshwe ziistudios ezininzi .ilizwi libhala ubukhulu bemisebenzi yabo phambi kokuba iqela loopopayi liqalise umsebenzi walo. Ezi rekhodi zinika izihombiso ezigqityweyo inqaku lemvakalelo ukuphinda licaciswe ngokubonakalayo. Abalawuli badla ngokukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kobuchule kwezi ntlanganiso, ukuthatha enye indlela enokuthi ikhokelele ngokupheleleyo kwimizimba emitsha okanye kumaxesha athambileyo. Anitor ngoko zibakho kwintlanganiso ezibonisa ifreyidi ezithe ngqo apho iphini ecacileyo yephiko okanye i-evevel eyenzeka, kwaye baqala ukuvelisa umsebenzi okujikeleze loo maxesha.

Animatic − a udweliso olurhabaxa olulungiselelwe ixesha kwingoma . "Iintshukumo" njengovavanyo lokuqala lokwenyani lokubona. Kule nqanaba, abalawuli, abalathisi, yaye ngamanye amaxesha abadlali belizwi bahlola ukuba iintsimbi ezicetyiweyo zemvakalelo ziyahla kusini na. Uhlengahlengiso lungenziwa phambi koveziselo olukhulu lwemali kumfanekiso ococekileyo. Ukuba incoko ithethyafithi iyasitha okanye inquma, iqela lingacela umgca okhutshelweyo, okanye i-aimator ingacelwa ukuba yongeze intlulo oluthi luphinda luhambe isingqino.

Kwimveliso kamabonwakude, ucwangciso lusoloko luqina. Ushicilelo lwelizwi lusoloko lusenzeka emva kokuba i-aimatic itshixiwe, okanye kwanasemva kokuba ulinganiso lwezitshixo lugqitywe. Le “ndlela ye-post -sync”, iqheleke kwi-amime kunye nongcelele lwe-Western TV, ifuna abadlali belizwi ukuba bathelekise indlela abasebenza ngayo kwintshukumo yomlomo ekhoyo kunye nolwimi lomzimba. Nangona igalelo lokudala lihamba ngokuchasene nomva, intsebenziswano ihlala iqinile: abadlali belizwi kufuneka bahlale kumgangatho opheleleyo kwaye bafumane ezo mpawu zemvakalelo ezibekwe kwangaphambili zivakala zizenzeka ngokuzenzekelayo.

Imibhobho yangoku isebenzisa izixhobo zokwenene ezisebenzisanayo ngexesha. Abalawuli kunye nabaququzeleli bangahlola ushicilelo lwelizwi olukude, ucamba, kwaye balubeke ngqo kwimbonakalo eyakhelwe kwinjini yomdlalo okanye kunikezelo lokwenene. Ezinye imveliso zisebenzisa upopayithi wemisinga kwilizwi lo mdlali ngeli xesha bebhala, bevumela ukuba bathabathe intshukumo yophawu oluthe nkqo baze balungise umsebenzi wabo ngokufanelekileyo. Oku kuphila kufihla ilayini phakathi komntu okhokelayo, ukwenza ifreyithi yesakhelo ejikayo.

Ngaphaya Kwemihlathi: Ukuchwetheza, Iposi, Nombhalo Osezantsi Kudibene

Igama elithi “i-lipse sync” linganciphisa ngokuyingozi intsebenziswano kubuchule bokungqamana komlomo nokubhabhaza. Enyanisweni, ilizwi liyi-ign yegama lomntu eliphathekayo. Ukuphefumla, ukunikezelwa okubuthathaka okungachananga okuthethwayo ngexesha izandla zophawu zihlala zisenza uxinezeleko oluninzi; umyalelo okhwazayo onikezelwa nge-slouch echuliweyo ungabonisa ukudinwa okungathethekiyo. Le mingxuma yombhalo isuka xa ii-aimator ziphulaphula iinjongo zemvakalelo, hayi nje ifonetiki.

Qwalasela isibetho esiqhelekileyo: umcuphi unyanzeleka ukuba acele uxolo, kodwa akathethi. Umdlali angafaka umnxeba ngembonakalo encasayo ebangela ukuba akrobe kancinci ajije igama elithi “or.” Umthumeli, eva ukuba, angayila ulandelelwano apho umlomo uthetha igama ngezozozolo ngoxa omnye ucingo kwinqindi emva kwabo. Unyawo lungabetha kancinci, kwaye amehlo angaqengqeleka afumane isakhelo esinye. Akukho nto ebhalweyo; yonke ithetha phakathi kwelizwi neqela lomfanekiso.

Kusihla, ixesha elicwangcisiweyo yinto yonke. Ukuthula okubekwe kakuhle, ukuginya, okanye isitshingishi esingalindelekanga kwilizwi umdlali unika isalathisi nge-ankile enesandi esivakalayo. Ukusebenza ngokusondeleyo nobeko kunye nexesha, i-aimator ishukuma okanye ixinzelela ukuqwalasela ukuhla kwendawo. Umsebenzi ungathatha iifreyimu ezimbini ezingaphezulu ukuqhubekekisa ilayini yokubetha phambi kokuba intetho iwele kudimazeka, --a isibham esisuka kwilizwi elilibazisayo kwintshukumo yomdlali kwidolo.

Iplatifomu enika unikezelo kunye noLwazi: Ukubuyisela Umsebenzi owabelanayo

Ulwahlulo alusoloko luthe tye. Xa upopayi ehamba ukusuka ekuvaleni okurhabaxa ukuya kupholishwa phakathi, umalathisi kwaye ekhokela uphinda uhlolo lwezo ziganeko kumongo webhobhini epheleleyo. Ngamanye amaxesha ukhetho olubonakalayo, nangona luye lwaphunyezwa kakuhle, alukwazi ukuthatha uluvo lwelizwi okanye ukudala iphetshana elingavumelaniyo. Mhlawumbi umsindo womntu ufunda njengoluvo olulude xa ilizwi lisongela ngokwenene. Kulo nqaku, iqela lingahlola iindlela eziliqela: ukuthambeka komkhongozeli obonakalayo ukuguqula iliso elijongenemehlo, ukuphinda ukwenze uphawu lwesandla, okanye "in pilordi yolwelo oluninzi." ubuyisela umdlali welizwi emva kwintlanganiso yokushicilela ebizwa ngokuba yi-ADR (injini yokulungisa) okanye i-xplot).

Ngexesha lexesha lezithuthi, umdlali wesandi ubukela isantya esiphindiweyo esinemibhobho etsalayo kwaye uzama iindlela ezintsha ezivumelana ngcono nemifanekiso ekhoyo ngoku. Oku kufunyaniswe ngokuqhelekileyo kukuba ukuma komntu kubonakalisa ukuqina komzimba komdlali ebengakhange akucinge ngaphambili. Ukuva umgca othethwa ngomhlathi oqinileyo okanye i-cadencences eyahlukileyo, kungaphembelela umququzeleli ukongeza umaleko omtsha kwimbonakalo yamva. Lo mjikelezo uqhubekeka de uqhubeke nomphathi ebonakalisa iimpawu. Iziphumo ezithi zinxibele lento emva phandle kunokuthi zingakwazi ukuyiphatha ngendlela engazange ikwazi ukuyenza imithambo evakala i-olileyo, engakhiwangakhiwangakhelwanga.

Indima Yobugcisa: Ukusuka kumaphepha okutyhilwa ukuya kutsho kumsebenzi

Ubuxhakaxhaka busoloko bubumba indlela abadlali belizwi kunye nee-amicator ezidibanisa ngayo. Amaphepha okutyhilwa okuqhelekileyo ayeyinyani, nyani iziphumo apho umalathisi ebenokuphawula ukuba luluphi ulwahlulo lomalathisi oluza kubetha, kwaye abalathisi bebengabhala ipensile kuhlobo olufanayo lomlomo .M ukwenzela “mmmmm,” E ku-“e." ezo gridi ngoku zinezigqibo zesandi kwaye ziyakwazi ukuphatha izigqibo, iimbekiselo zevidiyo, kunye nomalathisi, ivumela lonke iqela libone indlela iimaphu zokudlala ilizwi ezinqumla ixesha.

Uxhathiso lwemisebenzi (okanye ukubanjwa kwentshukumo) lumela ulwandiso olugqithisileyo lwentsebenziswano. Kulo msebenzi, umcuphi wezobugcisa osebenza kwiqonga elikhethekileyo enxibe isuti efihlakeleyo, kwaye yonke intshukumo (ukushukuma) kubhalwe ngamehlo ebuso. Ilizwi, libanjwe ngexesha elinye, ligalelwe kwi-data yomzimba. Nangona isichasi sisenokucoca kwaye silungise intshukumo ebanjwayo, umsebenzi okrwadayo sele ufanisa utoliko lomatshini olupheleleyo lomzimba. Le ndlela, isetyenziswa kakhulu ngabalawuli abafana noJames Cameron kunye nemidlalo, icombulula ukwahlukana ngokwesithethe phakathi kwendalo. I-amcatommator iba ngumculi wemiciko ozinzisayo kunokuba asungule ukusuka ekucweni, kodwa incoko ishiyeke: incoko yesixhobo soonolwazi, kwaye ishunqunyulo, imele ifunde, ifunde i-geim, i-geator, ifunde, i-offator, i-ography.

Nangaphandle komsebenzi opheleleyo, iintambo zevidiyo zobuchule ziqhelekile. Abadlali belizwi badlala ngeekhamera ezincinci zokushicilela ubuso babo, benika ii-amimpator ukufikelela ngqo kwi-dart yamehlo, izinqumla-mhlathi, kunye nohlobo lomlomo olulinganayo. Le nyawo, ibekwa ecaleni kunye noxhotyiso lophawu, ikhupha iintetho ezichuliweyo ezenza ubuso obune khompyutha buzive buphilile. Intlanganiso ayisafihliwe, iyafundwa, kwaye isetyenziswa njengesixhobo sokwenza iplani.

Uhlolisiso Lwetyala: Xa Ucalucalulo Luchaza Uphawu

Imizekelo embalwa ibonisa amandla esandi esifanekiselwayo esisithonga esingcono kuneGeneie kwiDisney's 'Aladdin. URobin Williams wakha amandla, ubuchule bokushicilela iintlanganiso zelizwi, iintetho, iintetho, kunye nokutshintsha-tshintsha kwemvakalelo okungabhalwanga ngokupheleleyo. Abahonjisi, ababekhokelwa ngu-Eric Goldberg, baphulaphula iiyure zezi rekhodi baza bakha uphawu olunamandla olunokugcina isantya (impatho enzileyo) ejijeke, ephothiweyo, ephuma kwifreyidi, kwaye imbonakalo yobuso yakhe yaduma. I-Eimgator yathetha i-mfontsssssssss; i-octedss beyes trans, i-ography, i-octive trans, kwaye i-ography.

Kwenye incam yolwakhiwo, iGollum ukusuka kwiNkosi yeRings trilogy(nakanye i-spaciod action/CG progudsh(inika enye imodeli efundisayo. I-Ay Serkis yenza indima ekhoyo, ilizwi lakhe kunye nomzimba wabanjwe ngexesha elinye. I-Animator kamva yafaka indawo yemfano yakhe nge-CGG Gollum, kodwa yonke imisipha ekhatywayo yavela ngqo kwimisebenzi yakhe. Intsebenziswano apha yayiyenye yoguqulelo nonyuso: ii-imali zafunda ividiyo yobuso bukaSerkis,-cleants, ngokugcina ukumila kwemizwa kobumoya, ngexesha lokusebenza okudityaniweyo. Iziphumo ezidityaniweyo zavakalayo, ezivakalayo.

Kukufakelwa ixesha elide koopopayi bakamabonwakude umdlali ofana noNancy Cartright ukhupha umgca kwikhasethi elithile kodwa ngokulinganayo. Abadlali belizwi baye bahlala kwiempawu zabo kangangamashumi eminyaka, kwaye abacuphi bomboniso balindele izigqibo zala mazwi. Xa umdlali ofana noNancy Cartwright ekhupha umgca kwikhadence ethile, i-aimators eziqheleneyo nolwimi lomzimba lukaBart Simpson ngoko nangoko bayayazi ukuba luluphi ulwimi lomzimba oluza kuhambisana nalo, ngokufuthi udibanisa iziqhulo ezibonakalayo ezingasoze zikhankanywe. Olu nxulumano olunzulu, olunzulu, olwakhiwe kwiminyaka encinane yokutyhilwa komnxeko oluthi luvumela ixesha eliqhelekileyo, emva kwexesha eliqhelekileyo.

Ucelomngeni Nendlela Amaqela Awayoyisa Ngayo

Iyenzeka kwaye iyenzeka. Ugibe oluqhelekileyo kukubetha ngelizwi elivaliweyo ukuba libaxiwe, okanye ngokuphikisanayo, ukuboniswa komfanekiso othobyokisayo okuthoba imbonakalo ebangela intlungu. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, umalathisi uba yibhulorho, ajike zombini iingcaphephe. Ngamanye amaxesha ubambe imigca embalwa ephinda ifakwe amandla awahlukileyo; amanye amaxesha, isichasi-wotshi-sixhobo kufuneka sithobe imbonakalo okanye sityhale.

Uqingqo-mali kunye nocwangciso lwezithintelo lukwasongela umanyano. Xa abadlali belizwi bengakwazi ukushicilela kunye, ukulahleka kwemidlalo yeqela elisebenzayo kungenza imisebenzi izive yahlukene. Abaququzeleli banokuthwala umthwalo wokuthunga umntu othatha indawo edibeneyo. Imveliso yokuqiqa phambili ithetha oku ngokucwangcisa iintlanganiso zokushicilela naninina kunokwenzeka, nokuba oko kuthetha ukusebenzisa izixhobo zevidiyo ezikude ukulingisa isithuba esabelwe kunye. Iziphumo zokuthwala isandi zinokusebenzisa ixesha lokusebenza kunye nengxoxo egqithisiweyo enokuthi abaquququzeleli besebenzisane nobuchule bobukhokho bendalo.

Inkcubeko kunye nolwimi lwezizwe ngezizwe zolwakhiwo ludibanisa omnye umaleko. Xa i studio yoopopayi baseJapan isebenza ngabadlali abathethayo ngelizwi lesiNgesi kumboniso ongaphambi komzimba, intsebenziswano kufuneka ijongene nemithetho yemilebe efanayo engayilelwanga isiNgesi. Abaphathi belizwi kufuneka balungise izikripti ezithethayo ezithelekisa ubume bomlomo okhoyo, ngeli lixa ii-imator ngamanye amaxesha zihlela ngokufihlakeleyo intshukumo yomlomo kwiposi. Le ngxoxo yokunqamleza-culo, nangona intsonkothile, inike ukunyuka kwezinye iindlela ezingaqhelekanga zokusebenzisa ubuchule obuphawulekayo.

Unxibelelwano Olungabonakaliyo Lomphulaphuli

Ababukeli banqabile ukuqwalasela isizathu sokuba bakholelwe kumsebenzi owenziwa ngumntu. Basuka nje batsho ngo---_okanye abawukholelwayo. Inkolelo ngumphumela othe ngqo wentsebenziswano efihla iqhina layo. Xa umboniseli efumana ukunyikima kwelizwi lokuvaleka komdlali aze ayiguqule njengomlomo ophantsi ongcangcazelayo, abaphulaphuli bavakalelwa kukuba uhlekisi lungashukumi kakuhle kangangokuba ithumbu linyikima kwaye iphiniza, imbonisi ihleka kunye nephimbo linye, ihleka ngaphandle kokucinga. Oku kusebenza kunye akuyo ayiyo i-Crective; kungumodule yamandla oopopayi ukuhlasela iimvakalelo zethu.

Uphando kwinzululwazi yengqondo yemigaqo-ndaba lucebisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwesandi esivakalayo kwento esivayo ngoko sikubonayo / ngokungqalileyo kuchaphazela ukuganana kunye nolwazelelelo. Iimvavanyo zokuqala zokusikwa okurhabaxa zingqina oku: isimbo esinentshukumo zomlomo ezikhuselekileyo kunye nesandi esigqityweyo sinokuba negalelo eliye libacime abaphulaphuli kuba ilizwi lithwala iimvakalelo; ulinganiso olusulungekileyo ngaphandle kwendlela yokugqibela yelizwi luziva lungenanto. Kodwa zizisa zombini, zicolisiweyo kwaye zisebenzisane, kwaye uphawu lutsiba khuphozo lwekhusi.

Xa Ukhangela Phambili: Abantu Abade, Abanentsingiselo, Neenkozo Zomntu

Ubuchule bokwenza kunye noopopayi be-procedal baqala ukuchaphazela olu manyano lwesithethe. I-coloning yelizwi ingenza imigca eyenziwe ngendlela efana ne-timbre esunguliweyo yophawu, ekwazi ukucutha imfuneko yeeveni. Ulinganiso lwexesha lokwenene lobuso lungathatha umsinga ophilayo kwaye luwumaphule kwiempawu ze-3D ngokuzenzekelayo, izenze zibonakale zi-YouTubers kunye nabasebenzi abasebenzisanayo abanokwenzeka. Ezi zixhobo zinokusongela ukubuyisela i-scrediock-forth, kodwa zikwanokunciphisa nentlobo ezintsha ezisebenzisanayo: umdlali welizwi angasebenzisa i-lifekth-etal-etersss ngexesha loqobo lobomi obuphilayo, ejongile njengendlela ebona iintetho ze-AIAIMdivers.

Phezu kwayo nje le nkqubela, isiseko senqwelo-moya sihlala singabantu abalukhuni. I-algorithm ingafana neefonememes kwaye ide iphakamise amaqaqa ephendula kwi-gla, kodwa ayinakusiqonda isizathu sokuba intliziyo yomntu iphuke. Ayinako ukuyila into echuliweyo ethetha amava omntu omnye. I-"ithumfa-eyendalo-ukuyenza ijonge kude ngaphambi kokuba ithethe amazwi abuhlungu, ukuginya, ukuncuma, ukuncuma okugobileyo, ukwenzela ikamva elinokubonwa kwangaphambili, elivela kubukrelekrele bomntu odlala isandi kunye nomqwalalisi, zombini ezidwelwano zobomi bomntu. Ukuzinziswa kolu manyano akusuki kusuka kudala; kukuzibophelelo oluluvo oluya kubaphulayo oluya kubaphulayo.

Ubuncwane bangaphandle bunikela unyuko olunzulu kwezi ndlela zobugcisa. Umgcini-khaya usoloko efumana indawo apho i-Ainjini ye- nguRichard Williams uhlala esisiseko sombhalo ngexesha kunye nentetho. Kuzo zonke ii-amen-sceneages, izibonelelo ze-projectation kunye neziqekelelwa-ngeneyo ze-ne-metafilesss [[FLT]] ezikwi-injini ye-injini [[FLT]] ifaka izithuba apho i-adiopentary kunye netalentaletwaringsss zixoxa ngayo inkqubo yazo. Okwangoku, ngasemva-intsingame-intsi zomfolothotho zithetha enye indlela eziqhubekeka ngayo kunye nezinye iifomu zobugcisa.