Studio Ghibli, i studio yoopopayi abadumileyo yaseJapan eyasekwa ngu Hayao Miyazaki, Isao Takahata, kunye noToshio Suzuki, zime njengegunya lempucuko yomhlaba wonke. Iifilimu zayo zihlonelwa kungekuphela nje ngenxa yokuzoba kwazo kwaye zisetyenziswa kakhulu kodwa nangenxa yobunzulu obunzulu bentanda-ntanda-bulumko. Ukuthomalalisa iinqaba ezibhabhayo, imimoya yasehlathini, kunye noothixo bendlu yokuhlamba bakhona balele imbonakalo enzulu yehlabathi emelwe yiZen Bubuda namasiko eJapanesesthetics. Ezi mpembelelo azikho kwezonqulo okanye ezobugcisa; zingaphandle njengezinto ezizolileyo ezikhuthaza ababukeli ukuba bacothe, bangalaleli, bafumane intlonelo yabo yosuku lwemihla ngemihla. Eli nqaku lihlola indlela ezibonakala ngayo iintanda-ntanda-bulumko ze-Ghin ezahlukahlukeneyo kwizithethe ezibuGelnerner.

Imigaqo Esisiseko Yengqiqo YeZen NeyeJapan

Ukuqonda i-Ghibli computer yeFilim, kunceda ukuchaza iingcamango ezingundoqo ezithathwe kuZen kunye nobubanzi bobume bomoya baseJapan. iZen Buddhism, eyaqala eJapan ngexesha leKamakula, ibhekisele kumava angqalileyo phezu kombhalo, ukucamngca ngendlela yokuphaphamisa, kunye nokusondelelana okunzulu nomzuzu wangoku. Iyabelana nendawo [[FLT:] Shintō, inkqubo yobulali eqonda [[FLT:]] [FT:2] [FT] [FLT] [2] [2] [fLT] [3] kwiziganeko zendalo, kunye nento ecacileyo edibanisa izibonelo ezikhoyo.

Ngokungafaniyo neengxelo zaseNtshona ezisoloko zigxininisa kwimpikiswano kunye nesigqibo, amabali eGhibli avumela ukungaqondakali, ukungafiki, kunye nokutshintsha-jijwa kweemvakalelo. Iimpawu zinqabile ukutshintsha ngokuqonda kunokuba zohlulwe. Oku kuhambelana nogxininiso lwe Zen kwi-ogracy engengo-65, kunye nenkolelo yokuba ukubandezeleka kuvela kwimijelo kunye nocalulo oluqinileyo. Iifilimu ziphinda ziveze imbono yesiJapan ] [=ukuphumla okanye isithuba esinentsingiselo --ukunika abaphulaphuli-sandi igumbi lokuphefumla nokubonisa kunokukhawuleza ukusuka kwenye indawo elandelayo.

Indalo Iyinto Engcwele, Asiyosakhazi

Enye yezona ndlela zibonakalayo zotyikityo lweGhibli kukuhlonela indalo. Kummelwane Wam uTotoro , umoya omkhulu wehlathi iTotoro ayisisosisongelo okanye umgcini owenzelwe ukulungisa ingxaki; ukhona nje, ukubonakaliswa komthi wenkampu yamandulo kunye nommelwane ozolileyo kudade ababini abafudukele emaphandleni. Imifanekiso engenakucingwa yefilimu ayikheki ngquzuzulwane kodwa ijikeleza amava, yabelana: ukulinda ebhasini ekwindawo yokumisa imvula, iimbewu ezikhulayo kumthi omkhulu, kwaye ubhabhexeka emoyeni. Le mifanekiso ibonakalisa i-Zen intsingiselo yokuhlala kakuhle kunye nendalo ekhoyo kunye nokungabikho kwendalo.

iNkosazana i-Monoke iqhubela phambili ngokubeka ingquzulwano phakathi kwe-ofemi ye-odoli kunye nezithixo zamahlathi njengemfazwe etshabalalisayo apho kungekho luloyiso olugqibeleleyo. UDeer , umntu onika ubomi obulinganayo nobulinganayo, uquka ukuqonda kobuBhuda womjikelezo wokufa nokuzalwa ngokutsha. Isigqibo asibubuyisile uAxitaka, siqalekiswe yidemon edemon eyathiywa yiyo ngokwayo lugonyamelo lomntu, efuna ukubona “ngafihlwaywe, ibinzana elifana nokufuna i-Zea, okucacileyo, okungagwebi. Isigqibo asibuyisi intlango; endaweni yoko sibonisa ukuba ne-eatmon engone-eat. [2][2]

Kwaneefilimu ezincinci ezinjenge [[FLT: 0] Pomeko (nangomsebenzi weTakahata, isebenzisa i-tudio ethos) i- tanuki shifters ukulilela ukulahleka kwendawo engokwemvelo yokuhlala, ngelixesha Nausicanä weNtlambo yeWind[FLT] [ithe yaveliswa ngokomthetho] (iveliswe phambi kokuba uGhibli esekelwe ngokusemthethweni kodwa isiseko se Miyazaki imbono yemijelo) inika ihlabathi elikwindawo emnyama ephezulu apho ihlathi eliyingozi licoca umhlaba. Kuzo zonke ezi miba, uluntu asingomnini kodwa lungathathi ubomi obuphakathi kwemijelo yemijelo, neminye imijelo yeminye iMil, nezilwanyana ezingcwele.

Ubomi Obungenalwazi Nobuhle Becawa

U-Awukho uqwalaselo lobuhle [[FLT: 0] kuba akukho nto ikhoyo. [igama eliqhelekileyo] "ukungalawuleki kwezinto”" libuburhalarhume obuthambileyo ekudluleni kwezinto zonke, idibene noxabiso lobuhle bazo [ kuba ziyadlula. Ihamba njengomsinga ozolileyo phantse kuyo yonke ifilimu yeGhibli. Ijikelezwe [ ijikelezwe kungakathi , ikwindlela yeChihiro, ixesha elizalisiweyo ngokulahleka kokuqhekeka. I-liminho, ulo olujikelezayo, uloliwe olujikelezayoku, olujikelezayokunyuke ngokujikeleza kwamanzi. [[FLT] luthi olujikelezayo, olujikelezayo olujikelezayo lwehlabathi, olujikelezayo olujikelezayo oluzinzileyo, oluthi oluthika kubazali, oluluku, olulukuku, oluluku lungaluku, olulukukukukuku

ITale of the Princes Kaguya mhlawumbi yeyona ntetho ichukumisayo ye-odolo-fono engekhoyo kwikhareji lonke. Idweliswe ngolwelo, ulwelo lwamanzi olufana nolwelo olucebisa ukuba ingabi naluxolo, ibhaydi ye Kaguya, ithetha ubomi obufutshane bobuncinci emhlabeni kwaye ithanda ukubuyela enyangeni. Uvuyo lokuphila (ukubaleka emasimini, ukuva uthando, ukuva i-flaydby", i-eatva i-eaby. Ifilimi inika intuthuzelo yobuxoki, endaweni yokushiya umbukeli enentliziyo epheleleyo enokuthi ibhaxake zonke izinto eziqukeneyo.

Kwanemifanekiso-bhanyabhanya enomtyaba olula, njengo kaKiki's Service Irhweba ngenqanawa. Ukulahleka kwe Kki ekhawulezayo kobuchule bakhe bokubhabha nokuthetha noJiji, ikati yakhe, ifuzisela indinyana engaphaya kokumangaliswa kobuntwana. Le ngxelo ayikuphelisi ukulahlekelwa; iyayamkela njengenqanaba lendalo lokukhula. Umyalezo we-Zentalorpiaihedrote awufuni ukuphinda ufumane oko kudlulileyo kodwa ukufumana imo ekhoyo.

Ma: Amandla Okunqumama Nokuthula

Isixhobo se-ZenÍdevedived movie si-, ukusetyenziswa ngempazamo kwendawo engenanto okanye ezolileyo. Kubugcisa bamaJapan, ukwakhiwa kwegadi, i-Noh collenetic . Ikhefu linentsingiselo njenge fomu. I-Ghibli idumile ngoko kungabizwa ngokuba “zithoba-mthubi” okanye apho kungekho nto iphawulekayo: uphawu lokubopha isihlangu, igxalaba, umoya ovuthayo ovuthayo. La maxesha awacetywanga njenge fomu.

UMiyazaki uthethe ngokubaluleka kwala makhefu, ephawula ukuba igama lesiJapan elithi ‘ma lithetha ixesha kunye nendawo engenanto. Ummelwane Wam Totoro, imifanekiso emide yamantombazana ahlola indlu yawo entsha okanye ukuhlala kwiveranda ngemini yehlobo yehlobo yenza abaphulaphuli bakwazi ukuhlala kwimibhobhobho yasemaphandleni. Ihamba nololiwe ehamba eSihlayo njengendlela ede, ethe cwaka, efana neyangaphakathi yezibuko. Aba bamema ababukeli ukuba bahlale ngaphakathi, balungele ukucandeza kwemifanekiso ye-filimi. [[FLT]] I-FLTY] ithe transton ehambayo kunye nobuchule obucanyanisayo obungacacileyo.

Olu lwambatho lungenantsingiselo ludlulela kwisakhiwo sesandi. Ulandelelwano oluninzi lwe-Ghibli luxhomekeke kwingxolo eshukumayo(ii-ambcadas, amanzi, umoya-okanye umculo, ukuqinisa ubukho bemekobume obuvakala bungcwele. Kusetyenziswa ngqo kolwazi lweZen oluhlala luhleli, hayi oluzinzileyo, luzisa ukukhanya.

Iimpawu njengee-emboding ze-Zen Intle

IGhibli protagonons ayifaneki neze ukungunda kweqhawe laseNtshona eliqalisa ukubulala inamba okanye liphumelele ibhaso. Endaweni yoko, zisoloko zibonakalisa iimpawu ezisembindini wokuqhelisa iZen: ingqondo yokuqala, unyamezelo, imfesane, kunye nokungabinazi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Ngokufanayo, i-Ashititaka kwi ichazwa yiNkosazana iMonoke ngokuzibamba nokuvuma kwakhe ukubona amacala onke. Ufunxa intiyo evela kuzo zombini i-Iron Town kunye nehlathi ngaphandle kokuyibuyisela, phantse into engenakwenzeka ecebisa ukuba i-bodshiattva intsingiselo ehlala ehlabathini ukuze inciphise ukubandezeleka. [FLT:] iWind Ries , Jiro Horshi usukela iphupha lakhe lokudala iinqwelo moya ezintle nangona zizakusetyenziswa kwimfazwe. Le filimu ayimbonisi ngokufumana kwakhe okufana nokuziphethe kwakhe okucocekileyo, okuhlala kwihlabathi apho kungekho zinkoliso zintle.

Kwanabasebenzi abaxhasayo basebenza njenge Zen archetypes. ITotoro ezolileyo ayifuni nto, ayifundisi nto icacileyo, kodwa iquka intsebenziswano enzulu yendalo. Imfihlelo yeNo àccode Ithenjiwe i[ isipili somnqweno nolodwa, ekugqibeleni ifumana uxolo kumfazi omdala, owenziwe ngesandla esipholileyo, owenziwe ngeZenibah/a imbonakalo yengcamango yobuBhuda ephelisayo xa inkanuko iphela. iNdlela ehambayo iguqula ibhinqa elidala lingabi njengesiqalekiso kodwa njengethuba lokukhulula amanyala, elivumela ukuba lisebenze ngenkululeko nangesisa. Aba basebenzi bokuziphatha abathi banikele ngesimilo; balula, bacebisa ngendlela elula, kwaye bacebisa ingqondo yabo.

Izithethe Zamihla Le Nokungcwele Kokutya

Ukuba iZen ifumana ukukhanya kwizinto eziqhelekileyo, ngoko iifilimu zeGhibli zingamaklasi aphezulu ekuphakamiseni ubomi bemihla ngemihla. Ukulungiselela nokusetyenziswa kokudla kunyangwa kufuphi notyando lotyando. Iityatya ze-anten ezinomphunga kwi iPonyo[, isidlo esiguqulayo [[FLT:]] esikwindawo ephezulu yemfazwe, esithengwayo [[[FLT:]] [inqanawa]], esithengwayo [[FLT]], esi sakhiwo sihlala sihleli ngemezomdangatho ozingcwele. Asiziyo into ebonwayo; zikhumbuza oko kudlayo, njengokuphefumlyo, kuyinto ebangela ukuba nengqondo. [FLT] [FT] [FT] [6] [FT] [FTYT] [ivoryth] kunye nokuqhelisa igla le bhokisi yentsimbi, kwaye i-Getos.G.

Le ngqwalasela ibhekisa kuzo zonke iintlobo zomsebenzi wezandla. Pazu kwi [[FLT: 0] eZwini isebenza kwibhombu; iSophie kwi i Howl’s Moving Castle [ icocekile ngokungakhathali; oodade [[FLT:] kuMnum] uSonelwane Toro[[[FLT:]]]] utshayela indlu kwaye umpompompoze amanzi. Imisebenzi enjalo ayiboniswa njengendlela erhabaxa kodwa njengemibhiyo edibanisa iimpawu ezikwimeko ezisingqongileyo kunye nezinye. Ukuzinikela kokuzinzisa ezinye. IZen ifumana “inkuni, i-appet, amanzi" ifumana indlela echwe-ephaphandle, okanye i-edia, okanye i-ognome, ichazwa ngemigrona, i-egnogn, icebisa, i-ediea ahamba.

Ukunyamezela, Ukunganyaniseki Nethemba

Ngelixesha iifilimu zeGhibli zingakuthi khuphi nobumnyama , imfazwe, ukulahlekelwa ngabathandekayo, ngokusoloko zimisela intsabelo esekelwe kwintanda-bulumko ye Zen neyamaJapan: zivuma ukubandezeleka, zamkele utshintsho, ziqhubeke ziphila ngobubele. Grave ye Firefliet , nangona ingengomfako weMiyazaki, ngumzekelo oyonakalisayo; ukanti kwanalapha, ixesha elifutshane lobuhle, ifleew, incindi yeziqhamo ithoba, ithe tha ngobubele obungaveliyo.

Ku Inkonzo yeSikhululo se-Kiki , xa iKiki ingakwazi ukubhabha kwaye iJiji ingasathethi, ipeyinti u-Ursula imxelela ukuba umoya wethanga uwela kwidekhi xa eziva enqabile. Isisombululo asikokunyanzela umlingo kodwa ukuphumla, ipeyinti, kwaye emva koko iphinde ifumaneke ngokuyimfuneko, xa uTombo esengozini. Oku kubonisa ukuqonda kwe-Zen ukhanyiselo okanye amandla okungenakubanjwa; kuvela ngokuzenzekelayo xa umendo wakho uwexubile. Ngendlela efanayo, [[FLT:] [[FLT:]] uPon] uPON] uveza isikhukula sehlabathi esitshintshayo njengesiganeko sokuguqula esigcina isiganeko, esingayiyo impondo engenziwangachazi.

Umfana noHeron [2023], eyona filimu yobuqu kaMiyazaki, ulwa ngqo nentlungu, ilifa, kunye nokwamkelwa kwehlabathi elingafezekanga. Umntwana ofutshayo u-protagon Mahito makahambe kumhlaba ofana nephupha elimnyama ukuze asindise ubukumkani kodwa angene kumbono wokufa kukanina. Ekupheleni, ukhetha inyaniso equka iintlungu kunye nokulahlekelwa kwiparadisi evelisiweyo. Lonto ingukhetho oluthiyo oluthi "``i-embrainst syndrous jong jong jong, ekhululekile, ekhululekileyo.

Uphawu Olubonakalayo NeZen Aesthetic

Kwanolwimi olubonakalayo lweGhibli luthwala ubunzima bentanda-bulumko. Ukusetyenziswa rhoqo kwesibhakabhaka eside, amahlathi anzulu, kunye nemiphandle yamanzi abonakalisayo kukhuthaza imvakalelo yokungaqiniseki efana ne Zen yengqiqo ye engenanto ngokwengqondo [. Isandla sitsala ulinganiso, nokungafezeki kwaso okuncinane, kubandakanya i-wibibonesbhabi eqinileyo yomlinganiselo wamanani igcina ukuchukumisa komntu okukhoyo nokulula. Imvelaphi yemvelaphi isoloko ichaza iinkcukacha ezininzi kuneempawu, ibeka amanani abantu ngokuzithobayo kwizicwangciso zendalo, ukhetho olubonisa imbono ye-Zean yekratshi njengenxalenye encinane ye-onke.

Imimoya nezidalwa zenziwe ngendlela engacacanga kodwa engaqhelekanga, ixuba ubuhle kunye nokungaqhelekanga. Umoya woMlambo kwi Uthe phulula umva , ekuqaleni uphazanyiswa ku- “umoya omdaka,” luthuli oluthi, xa luhlambulukileyo, lutyhila ubuso obuthambileyo, obufana nonagraw shaw. Olu hlelo lungumfanekiso othe ngqo wokuhlanjululwa ```a ukhutshwa kwento engcolisayo' ebuyisela indalo yantla. [FLT] [FF:], indalo ebalulekileyo ithathwa njengesulungelulo oluthiweyo, oluthi lufihlekileyo. Ngokufanayo, ucangomfolo ofana nowenziwe ngohlobo oluqhelekileyo [FLD:] nolubonisa ububele obuncinci.

Amanzi nawo asebenza njengomzobo oziphindaphindayo: uloliwe ojikelezayo kwilizwe elintywiliselweyo, imvula ehlambululayo kuMphini Wam Totoro, ulwandlekazi olunyukayo luze luphinde luphinde luphinde lubuyele . Amanzi afanekisela zombini ukunganyuki kunye nento ecocekileyo, imixholo esembindini kwingcinga yobuBhuda. Ngokuphotha ezi mpawu kwila yembonakalo, iifilimu zimema indlela yokubona oko kusenzeka kanye kwaye kusemoyeni.

Ukukhula KweZen Ngaphandle Kokushumayela

Into eyenza ukuganana kwentanda-bulumko kaGhibli kube luncedo kakhulu kukudibana kwayo okungenamthungo. Akukho mibhiyozo yonqulo okanye ingxubusho ecacileyo yemfundiso yobuBhuda. Endaweni yoko, iifilimu zisebenza njengako isithethe seZen sinokuthi “isalatha umnwe enyangeni”"-indlela enobuchule yokubhekisa ingqalelo kwiinyaniso ezingenakubanjwa ngamazwi. Umboniseli akasoloko efundiswa; kunoko, utshoniswa kwihlabathi apho indalo iphila khona, ixesha lihamba ngokuzolileyo, kwaye ukukhula kobuntu kuyenzeka ngokuzolileyo, ukutshintshana. Le ndlela inguZen-splan: ibonisa ukuba ithetha, ingxola kunokucacisa.

Abaphulaphuli behlabathi basenokutsaleleka kwimifanekiso ebukekayo okanye kwimixholo entle yendalo yonke, kodwa basoloko bevela benemvakalelo yokudibana nento enzulu kakhulu . "ukuzondla kokomoya okuzolileyo". Ukuthandwa kwemifanekiso eshukumayo yeGhibli kucebisa ukuba i-Zenpéinvoplatetetete luluvo olukwisithintelo, uqhagamshelwano, kunye nokungaguquguquki kuxhomekeke kwindalo yonke, ukunika unyango oluthambileyo kwizithethe zale mihla zesantya kunye nesiphazamiso. Kwisizukulwana sokuzichaza nokungxamiselela, ifilimu iGhibli isikhuthaza ukuba sibuyele kwintelekelelo nemfesane engakumbi nemfesane yehlabathi.

Ukufunda Okungakumbi

  • ISikhuselio Ghibli Geogin Site — imvelaphi kwintanda-bulumko nekhareji yemifanekiso eshukumayo ye studio.
  • [[FLT: 0] Sttanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: IsiJapani iZen Buddhist Philosophy — ushwankathelo lwemfundo yeengcamango ezisisiseko zikaZen.
  • [[UMTL:0] NIPon.com: Akukho nanye eqondayo kunye nokubonakala kwamaJaphani — ingcaciso yegama elichazayo.
  • BFI: IZen of Miyazaki — uhlalutyo olubalulekileyo lwemixholo yokomoya kwi Ithenjiwe.
  • Ingqokelela yeCriterion: ITale of the Princes Kaguya — indlela kaTakahata yokubona nentanda-bulumko.