Ibali lenzululwazi liyindawo eyakhelwe kwimisebenzi yababhali abathelekelelayo abathe bathe bacinga ngempembelelo yangaphaya kweyangoku. Phakathi kwezi nkwenkwezi, H.G. Wells umi njengomntu osisiseko obalibaliselayo ugcino-lwazi oluninzi, ukusuka kuncwadi ukuya kumboniso we-movie nolukamabonwakude. Anime, uhlobo oluthenjiweyo lwehlabathi lonke lolinganiso olusuka eJapani, aluzange luhlale lungachatshazelwa yimpembelelo yakhe. Umzekelo obalulekileyo ngungceleleko [[FLT: 0] Ixesha likaEve [[FLT]]] inkqubela ephakathi kwabo, i-evileement yolwazi, ayikhangeli i-Jian , ehlola imidathanga ephithiweyo phakathi kwabantu kunye ne-eroid kwindlela yexesha elizayo. [inani elipheleleyo loncwadi olufunyaniswe ngu-Eve.] [ithensiti ye-Ev]

H.G. Wells: Umyili weNtsomi yale mihla

Herbert George Wells, owazalwa ngowe-1866, wavela njengombhali ocinga ukuba ungonwabanga kodwa kwakhona wajongana namaxhala exesha lakhe. Waqeqeshwa kwibhayoloji phantsi kwe T.H. Huxley, Wells wadibanisa indlela yenzululwazi kunye nokuphangazamisa. Iinoveli zakhe ezininzi ([[FLT: 0]]] ITime [[FLT:]] [[FLT:]] [185]] [18595]]], [[FLT]]] [imfazwe yehlabathi [FLT][FLT] [12] [1998]] [iiindlela] iingcamango ezikhoyo [iindlela ezithe kratya], [iiiinkcukacha] [iiindlela ezithe ngqo zempucuko, i-FLT], inika unyusoluvo oluqhelekileyo lobuphindo lobuntu, [FFFFoct:], kwaye unyusolu lwaluthe unyuso olubanzi lwamayo.[FFFFop]

Imixholo Ehlala Ihleli

  • Ukuhamba ngexesha nobuncinci bempucuko: Kwi Umatshini wexesha , iTime Traverlar ingqina ikamva apho uluntu luye lwahlulahlulwa luye kwi-effete Eloi kunye ne-ester Morlocks esezantsi, uthelekiso olucacileyo lwecandelo leqela kunye nonyuko. Incwadi ibuza ukuba inkqubela ingaba ikhokelela ekuboleni okungaphephekiyo.
  • Isiqu esiphezulu kunye neziphumo zaso: [[FT:2] Isiqithi sikagqirha Moreau ibonisa ivivicandingss edala ii-digidis ezingabantu. Isisoyikiso asikho kwizidalwa kodwa kwiphulo lika-Moreau elingalawulekiyo, iphakamisa imibuzo engapheliyo ngemida yovavanyo kunye nenkcazelo yoluntu.
  • [[FLT: 0] Ukungabonakali njenge Metaphor yamandla kunye nokwahlukana: Umntu Ongabonakaliyo] uhlola indlela amandla angathintelwa ngayo ukonakaliswa. Uzalo lukaGriffin lukwimegalim kunye nokungakwazi kwakhe ukudibanisa nebutho labantu iingozi zenzululwazi eyahlukanisiweyo novelwano.
  • Ubuthanga bobuthanga kunye nemfazwe ye-Nerves: Imfazwe yehlabathi [ igubungela ugonyamelo lwabaphathi belizwe, icinga ukuba uMhlaba uhlaselwa ngamandla amakhulu e-Martian. Amajelo asemva kwemfazwe yokoyika ukubuyela umva kwengqubano kunye nokungalawuleki kobukhosi.

Wells wayenobuchule bokubeka le mixholo kwiingxelo ezichukumisayo. Utshintsho lwangoku kunye nolawulo, kuquka ezikwi-amime, zibuyela rhoqo kwezi mithombo zempembelelo. Njenge nqaku leNkcubeko yeBBC . "H.G. Wells: Ubawo wentsomi yenzululwazi yale mihla" amanqaku, imisebenzi yakhe iyaqhubeka iguqula indlela esicinga ngayo ngomsomso.

Ixesha LikaEva: Ingcwele Yomphefumlo

Ixesha likaEva (]]

Le ngxelo ilandela umfundi wesikolo samabanga aphakamileyo uRikuo Sakisaka nomhlobo wakhe uMasaki Masakazu njengoko betyhila ubomi obufihlakeleyo be-applites abadla ngokuhlala kwikhefi. Ngeziganeko ezibhekisa kwiempawu zomntu ngamnye . "njenge-Akiko, i-aroid ephikisa amathemba omkhaya wakhe, okanye uSammy, irobhothi engqubana neemvakalelo zokuphuma kwendalo",[[[FLT:]] Ixesha likaEve iphakamisa imibuzo ngengqiqo, ngokukhululekile, nangokuzibophelelo zokuziphatha zabadali kwindalo yabo. Ngokungafaniyo neengxoxo ezininzi zekhompyutha ezigxininisa u-igropute nogonyamelo, umsebenzi kaYoshira usondele kwaye ungomntu. Iwe-webhsayithi ye-FLD [FFFFFFF] inika ulwazi olusemthethweni, kunye ne-Filosofiki.[3]

I-amime ayixhomekeki kulandelelwano lwentshukumo ukuqhubela phambili ibali layo. Endaweni yoko, ibangela uxinezeleko ngencoko kunye nokuqwalasela okuzolileyo kolwimi lomzimba . "imifanekiso, ukujongwa, ukujongwa, nokuhamba ngenqanawa okucokisekileyo kwemida engcolileyo. Oku kuthintela ukungquzulana okuphakathi: ihlabathi apho ii-aroids zizizixhobo, kodwa kwivenkile zingabantu ngabanye. Ulwamkelo lwalo luye lukhuthaza kakhulu, ngokunconywa ngokuchaza kwalo ngobuchule nokukwazi kwalo ukuqwalasela intelekelelo yomntu. [[FLT:]] MYD . MYPLD , igcina i-reamlmlm-etam, igcina i-dium, i-temsctimes ehlala ixesha elide.

Wellsian Motifs Kwihlabathi LikaEva

Uqhagamshelwano phakathi kwe H.G. Wells kunye Ixesha likaEve asilulo utshintsho olungqalileyo kodwa lufana kakhulu. Zombini iinkampani zomsebenzi zihlolisisa indlela utshintsho lobugcisa bokuzichaza kwakhona, imilinganiselo yokuziphatha, kunye nocwangco lwentlalo. Apha, ndidibanise izinqamlezi ezintathu ezingundoqo.

Ukwenziwa kwento ethile kunye “nezinye”

Wells wachitha umsebenzi wakhe wobugcisa bezidalwa ezisemngciphekweni woluntu. Umdlali we-Balmall ku- uMoreau usisidalwa esingumxube, esibanjiwe phakathi kwethuku lezilwanyana kunye neminqweno yabantu, siphindaphindwa njalo uMthetho ukugcina ubume obungakhuselekanga. Ngokufanayo, ii-astroids kwi Ixesha likaEva [ ziyimiphefumlo eqeshiweyo emele ukuqhuba ibutho labantu ngoxa ifihla indalo yabo yokwenene. I-traves ilawula ngabom ulwazi olubangela ukuba kubekho ucalucalucalulo, inyanzelela ukumelana nokuzichaza okubonakalayo ngaphandle kophawu olubonakalayo “abantu.

Kwesinye isiganeko, umenzi womsebenzi ogama linguShimei, kamva otyhilwe ukuba ungumenzi woxinezeleko, uva amava oxinezeleko lwemvakalelo xa umhlobo wakhe ongumntu emphatha njengento engaphandle kweresitore. Oku kungena kakuhle kubonakalisa intlekele yeLeopard-Mant Autou, othi, elingana novukelo lwe-avism reversion, abulale umvundla kwaye aqhutywe ngokuchasene noMthetho. Zombini iingxelo zibalase iziphumo zogonyamelo ezizalwa kukwahlulwa kwamalungu aqinileyo kunye nokubandezeleka kwabo bangakwaziyo ukufaneleka.

Imilinganiselo Yokudala

Izazinzulu zikaWells aziqhelekanga ukuba zingoomntu olungileyo. Ziqhutywa lufuntso oluphazamisayo ukucaciswa kwemilinganiselo yokuziphatha. Ukuthethelela kukagqirha Moreau uvavanyo lwakhe olubuhlungu . Ukuziguqula koluntu kwakuyindlela yokufumana ukubandezeleka, ngokukwanjalo, ukusetyenziswa komntu ongabonakaliyo kunika amandla oGriffin awasebenzisayo ukoyikisa, hayi ukukhuthaza. Wells usoloko elumkisa ukuba xa sidala ngaphandle kokuqwalasela impumelelo yoko sikwenzayo, kulandela intlekele.

Ixesha likaEva linyusa le migaqo yokuziphatha kummandla weerobhothi. Ii-aroids zilungiselelwe ngemithetho emithathu ye-Robotics/a ibhekisa ngqo ku-Isaac Asimov/kodwa uYoshiura ubonisa ukuba loo mithetho ayineli. Olu hlolwayo luxilonga uxanduva lwabadali. Ingaba abantu banyanzelekile ukuphatha i-eant ne-roids ngesidima? Kuthetha ntoni ukuba intsapho ibe luthando, uloyiko, kwaye ixesha elide lokuqwalaselwa? I-aima alunakuze lunikeze iimpendulo ezilula, kodwa ivenkile ngokwayo inguhlobo lwendawo yokutyela apho i-evocation inokuba khona ivavanywa khona. Le nkolelo yendlela yokuzingela imbono yeqela loluntu.

Ikamva Lohlanganiso nodidi

Wells I-Time Machine [[FLT: 1] ithelekelela ihlabathi apho isakhiwo sodidi lwe-Victorian England sidibene ngokwezinto eziphilayo kwintlobo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo. i-Eloi, ephila kwimiqaba ehamba elangeni, ixhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kwi-Morlocks, esebenza phantsi komhlaba kwaye ifikela phezulu ebusuku. Oku kucaphukisayo kokungalingani kuvakala kuyinto engaqhelekanga de kube lixesha elinye lokuhamba kwemvelaphi kuEve [[FLT:]] ixesha lokuhlala, [[FLT]. Ngaphandle kwendlu, kunye neeroids zisebenza ngokungabonakali, zisebenza, izitrato zokucoca, kwaye zinyamekela abantwana abakhoyo njalo. Abasemtsha basoloko benzi, benziwa ukuba basebenze kakuhle.

Kanti Ixesha likaEva [[FLT: 1] liguqula le dystopia ngokunokwenzeka kokwaziswa. Ivenkile yexesha eliqhelekileyo ($Rikuo, Masaki, Nagi, kunye ne-astroid arloid arcets ezibhenca ukungabikho kobulungisa behlabathi. Kuwo u Wells' [FLT:] Ixesha [[FLT]], akukho luxolelwaniso olunjalo lwenzeko, iEllois ayinamandla, kwaye iMorlocks iyakwazi ukuguqula i-ivods. Umbono ka Yoshi uthemba kakhulu, ucebisa ukuba ulwazelelelo lungatshona kwibhulo olubanzi, kodwa ukuba izithuba zikrolwe ngaphandle.

IBroader Ripple: Ilifa LikaWell Ngaphaya KweAnime

Ngelixesha [[NTL:0] Ixesha likaEva limeko ecacileyo, H.G. Wells ifumaneka kungcelele oluthandabuza imida yoluntu neengozi zenzululwazi engathintelwanga. Le mpembelelo ithe ngqo nengangqalanga ithetha ukukhutshelwa kweengcamango zakhe kumasiko namaxesha.

Qwalasela [[NTL: 0] imixholo echaphazele kwimisebenzi enjenge , ehlola ibutho labantu elilawulwa yinkqubo elinganayo neququzelela ulwaphulo-mthetho. Imbonakalo ivakala nge Wells izilumkiso ezingendlela zolawulo kunye nezingalawulekiyo zobuxhakaxhaka bobuxhaka, imixholo awayichaphaza kwimisebenzi enjenge [[FLT:]] i Sleachers [. [[FLT:]]] i-Er projective [[[FLT: 5]] idibanisa isiphelo sesiphelo solawulo noxinano lwenjongo kunye nemibuzo yobeko, iphinda i-enza i-enza i-evolugces , kodwa inceda umbamboko wobunzululwazi.[FT]

Umdla woshishino lwezikhewu kunye nobomi obufakelwayo wenza inkqubela-phambili kunye nentelekelelo kaWells. Apho abafundi beshumi elinethoba be-Well bethuthumelayo kwimijikelezo ye-Martian kunye nezilwanyana ezidibeneyo, ababukeli kunye nabafundi bexesha kunye nabafundi bajamelana namaxhala afanayo kwiingqondo kunye nee-robotics. Ukutshintsha kobugcisa akuwutshitshitshisi umbuzo ongundoqo: Yintoni esizimiseleyo ukuncama inkqubela, kwaye ngubani ogqiba ngenkcazelo ye- “umuntu”?

Izinto Ezifihlakeleyo Nezintle Zanamhlanje

Esinye isizathu esingu H.G. Wells sisasebenza kukuba uphakamiso lwakhe lwentsomi lubandakanyeka kwiingxaki intanda-bulumko ayinakusombulula ngoluvo kuphela. “Amalungelo omntu” ngoku asuka kumaphepha akhankanyiweyo ukuya kwiingxoxo zehlabathi ezingezokwenyani ngobukrelekrele obungeyonyani. "Iindlela yokuyila imibala kaMoreau kunye nokuzihlola kwayo okubuhlungu. Ixesha likaEval [ liyenza lento ngokukwahlula phakathi kwabasebenzi de inyanzele ukufikelela kwinjongo yabo. Kwi Wells, unxunguphamo lobugoso lwemida ye-oyile, imida ye-preplacer.

Oku kuguqulwa kuyafundisa. Wells wabhala ngexesha lengxoxo ye-eugenys ephakathi kwemizini, ukuxhatshazwa kwemizi - mveliso, kunye ne-orentinal bistris/izinto ezamkhokelela ekubonakaliseni inzululwazi ephaphazanyisiweyo ngokuphelelwa lithemba. Ixesha likaEve, eliveliswe ekuqaleni kweminyaka engamashumi amabini ephakathi eJapan, ibutho labantu elifakelwe ngokunzulu kwizixhobo zerobhothi kunye nezithuthi zekhompyutha kodwa elinolwazi olunzulu ngobulolo lobomi basedolophini, linika ithemba elidaliweyo. Ukwahlukana kwekhefihlwayo (kufihlekile phantsi komhlaba) kukubona abantu kunye nee-eroids ezivayo zombini kubomi babo. Isenzo sokuhlanganisana apho, ukungadibani, ukuthobeka, kuba sisenzo sokuchasana ne-oka kwenkqubo ye-tablegnog.

Incoko phakathi kwale mibono mibini `Iintsomi ezilumkisayo' kunye ne-microcosm' enethemba le-anime inika incoko etyebileyo. I-Wells ibhenca iingozi zokungakhathali; Ixesha likaEve licebisa ukuba imfesane kunye noluntu oluzimiseleyo lunganciphisa ezo ngozi. Zombini izikhundla ziyafuneka kwihlabathi apho iinkqubo ezizimeleyo kunye nokufunda ngomatshini sekusele kubuyisela ukusebenza, umthetho, kunye nolwalamano.

Isiphelo: Umsonto Ongaphulwanga Wokubuza

Impembelelo kaH.G. Wells ku Ixesha lokubalisela uEve kunye nongcelele lwe-amime ayiyo nkcazelo yentsingiselo yephepha lolwazi kwimbali yonxibelelwano. Imela umsonto ongadityaniswayo odibanisa isiphelo se-ninethinth yenkulungwane yenzululwazi noluqalayo lwebali-manani. Ibhalwe ngohlobo lwenkxalabo kwaye iyamangalisa ukuba abazobi behlabathi bayaqhubeka bethetha. Kwindawo ephantsi, esezantsi, yamagumbi ekwindlu yetreyithila, isandi yayo: Ngubani obalulekileyo njengomntu? Sicinga ntoni, sivakalelwa njani? Ukuba sizenza njani izicwangciso zoluntu ukuze siphephe ukufana ngezelo?

Ixesha likaEva liphendula le mibuzo hayi ngembonakalo kodwa ngemifanekiso yekofu eyabelwenayo, incumo yokunganyaniseki, kunye nokuzola okungathandekiyo. Kuthatha iscangca ezintle, ezilusizi kwaye kunciphisa umlinganiselo osondeleyo wesiganeko sobukho babantu. Ngokwenza njalo, i-antime ingqina ukuba eyona ngcamango yentsomi ingaba yeyona ingumntu. Logama abadali bebuyela kwezi mixholo ```iingxolo enzulu''' encedayo ukugcwalisa incoko ngobugcisa noluntu luza kuhlala luhleli, ingxamile, kwaye ivule i-ovula.

Ngokusebenza ngokwahlukileyo njenge Victorian nafolla edityanisiweyo ne ONA, umyalezo obalulekileyo uyaqhubeka: ikamva aliyonto eyenzeka kuthi. Siyinto esiyakhayo, izitena, umthetho, ulwalamano olusemthethweni. Yaye indlela esiziphatha ngayo izinto esizidalileyo, ekugqibeleni, iya kuchaza uhlobo lwezidalwa esizidalileyo.