Imvelaphi Yexesha LeeViking Embalini

Ukuqonda ubunzima bedini iVinland Saga, kufuneka uqale uqonde ihlabathi eladalayo. Phakathi ekupheleni kwenkulungwane yesibhozo nephakathi yeshumi elinesibhozo, iinqanawa zolwandle zaseScandinavia zadubula ngaphandle, hayi njengesixhobo somkhosi wemfazwe esifana ne-onylithiki, kodwa njengemibutho entsonkothileyo eqhutywa yilizwe, urhwebo, ucandelwana lwezopolitiko, kunye nejoni eliqinileyo elisemgxunyeni. La maNorsethi asungula iindlela zorhwebo ezisuka eBaghdad ukuya eConstantinople, aseka umthetho eNgilani, kunye neIcelandsland, Greenland, ne-Greenland, kunye nohambo olujikelezayo, lonke uhambo lwaseMelika yayikukungcakaza.

Imbali yokwenene yamaViking izaliswe yimisebenzi ekhawulezileyo. Isikhulu esaqhuba abantu baso ngasentshona ngaphesheya komntla we-Atlantiki sanikela ngemibhobho eqhelekile yekhaya ngenxa yedinga lamaplanga, amadlelo, kunye nenkululeko. Indawo yezobuvubukulo e i-Anse aux Meadows[ eDwast] ingqinela ukuba into eyenzekayo xa ibala ifikelela kude kakhulu konxweme lwayo: inqaba encinane yaseNorte, ishiywe phakathi kwesizukulwana, hayi ngenxa yokungaphumeleli komoya kodwa ngenxa yokuba umbingelelo omkhulu oseleyo ```````FLT''''' uyakwazi ukuva ingqiqo engagqibekanga'. Oku kumele ukuba nokwenzeka ``'''''. [FLT.FLT][F3]

INorse Worldview ngokwayo yakhiwa kwisiseko sedini. izithethe ze-blót, apho izilwanyana okanye kwanabantu banikelwa koothixo, zabonisa inkolelo yokuba indalo ifuna ukutshintshisana rhoqo ngexabiso. Ukumkani anganikela ngonyana wakhe ku-Odin ukuze afumane uloyiso; umlimi angabingelela ngenkomo exabisekileyo ukuze avune isivuno esihle. Ezi yayingezozenzo ezingenanto kodwa izenzo ezibalulekileyo ezazikholelwa ukuba zibophelele kwishwa. Kwi-Iceland sagas, abasebenzi basoloko belinganisela ixabiso lokuhlonelwa kwexabiso ngokubhekiselele ekusindeni. Xa uEgil Salgragrímsssss aquluke isibongo sakhe, anikele ngezenzo zakhe zokuziphakamkelo ezingapheliyo. Xa intsapho yakhe engafuni ukubhatala emva kobomi bayo.

Abavukeli: Ijoni Elakhetha Uxolo

Akukho madini kwisaga ehla ngentambo enzulu kuneyaThorrs, uThorfinn. Emva kokuba umphathi owoyikekayo wamaJomsvi okumkani, iThorrs ngokuzolileyo injineli yefa lakhe ukuze asindise unyana wakhe kunye nabasebenzi bakhe. Ubuyisela umva wakhe kuzuko lwejoni, ephembelela ukuba aphile njengomlimi kumphetho oqaqaqadekileyo we-Iceland. Lo ngumbingelelo obalulekileyo wobukhulu obungangobungakanani, kodwa ongowomntu. UThors wanikezela kuphela ngokwazi kwakhe ukukhusela intsapho yakhe kumjikelezo wogonyamelo awancedayo.

IMakoto Yukimura idityaniswe ngabom nentanda-bulumko kaThorrs enyanisweni: ukutshintsha ukusuka ekuhlaseleni ukuya kuhlalisana. Njengoko iNtlalo yamaViking ikhula, iintsapho ezininzi zamaNorse zafumanisa ukuba ibhaso lokwenyaniso aliphangwanga kodwa ilizwe elinako ukuhlalisa. Iquka olu tshintsho. Ithi uThorfinn oselula uThorfinn, “Ijoni lokwenyaniso alifuni krele,” umgca ohambisana nezigqibo zobomi bokwenyaniso bamaNormalkskorse. Imbali yehlabathi i-Dice Encyclopedia [FLD:1] ithelela inteng engongozo ezithi zisongezo ezikhoyo kwikamva labo kuxolo kunokuba ithatyathwe yindawo ephezulu. Ukufunda okuninzi ngobunzima phakathi kwenkcube nebomi phakathi kwe-Norvelse, uyakwazi ukuvavanyanisa umendo lwakhe olude lude lude lunyuke, kodwa unyuke uluthi lwamashumi amabini eengwe. Unyuko luza iin.[FFLT]

Kanti umbingelelo kaThorr ukwanento emnyama. Ngokukhetha uxolo, uyayeka kanye imigaqo eyayikhe yamchaza, eshiya ikhefu kubomi bonyana wakhe uAshelad. uThorfinn uya kukhula enqula isipoko, engaqondi ukuba ngokwenene uyise wayelikroba. Le ndoda ikhetha ukuba ngumlimi, ligorha lokwenene. Oku kufunda ngelishwa idini kuyinto elusizi. UThorfinn wanikela ikrele lakhe ukuze unyana wakhe aphile kwihlabathi elingenakrele, kodwa uThorfinn uphakamisa iphini njengesikhumbuzo kuyise awayengazanga nalwazi. Intsimbi ibuhlungu: Maxa wambi umbingelelo ofuna ukuqhekeza umjikelo wayo.

Indlela KaTorfinn Yokuziphindezelela Nokuhlangulwa

Ukuba amathokazi azincama ngenxa yoxolo, uThorfinn ekuqaleni uncama yonke into echaseneyo: impindezelo. Emva kokubukela uyise esifa, inkwenkwe izikhulula kulo naliphi na iphupha ngaphandle kokubulala uAstered. Irhweba ngobuntwana bayo, ikhampasi yayo yokuziphatha, yaye ekugqibeleni uluntu lwayo ukuze lube sisixhobo sokubulala. Oku kungumnikelo obalulekileyo ozalwa kukudandatheka, ukanti kwakhona kukukubonakaliswa okugqwethekileyo kwegazi leViking, apho imbeko yabafi ifuna imbuyiselo egazini. UThorfinn uthelela i-Isked akanyani kwiqela lakhe; oku kukwenza ulwaphulo-mthetho opheleleyo, kodwa kukwangumoya wakhe ukusondeza ukuze abethe.

Indleko yengqondo iyatshabalalisa. UThorfinn uba ligophe, umfuziselo ophilayo woko i-Iceland salton ikubiza ngokuba . Ukoyiswa kwento ayikhethayo kuyacaca kakhulu xa u-Iscellad ebulawa ngomnye umnxeba. I-Thorfinn yenjongo yakhe. Ibonisa ukuba idini elingenaso siphelo liba kukuzibulala okucothayo. Kwiminyaka elishumi, akafumani nto ngaphandle kokuphupha. Ukungaphumeleli kwento ekhethekileyo kokhetho lwakhe kuyacaca kakhulu xa uIsterellad efe ngenye isandla, iphanga uThorfinn yenjongo yakhe ngokupheleleyo. Kuphela, njengekhoboka kwifama kaKetil, ukuba aqalise ukuphinda aqalise umbingelelo wakhe owenziwe ngohlobo olude.

Igosa lefama yindawo apho uYukimura ekhaliphileyo ekhanya khona. Umsebenzi kaThorfinn njengekhoboka uluhlobo lokuzisola, kodwa ukwalidini elifanelekileyo leqhawe lakhe. Unikezela kwisabhokhwe, afunde ukutyala nokuvuna, aze afumanise ukuba umjikelo ozolileyo wokuhlwayela nokuvuna uyakwazi ukuphilisa amanxeba eshumi leminyaka logonyamelo. Oku akuyondlela yokuzihlawulela ezukileyo, ukubila, ukubila, kwaye ngokufuthi kuhlazisa. Kodwa koko kanye abaphambukeli boqobo baseNorse bakuva oko babekujamela ukuhlasela abalimi. Umhlaba waseIcelandrea awukhange ukhathalele ukudunyiswa ngumntu; kwakufuna ukubila nokunyamezela. UThorfin akanyameli kwikhondo lokuqala lokuzimela intandabulumko yakhe.

UAskeleadd: IMaster Statep Mail Nemibingelelo Yakhe Efihlakeleyo

Lucius Artorius Castel, owaziwa ngokuba ngu-Isterelad, ngugqirha onobuqhetseba, kwaye ubukho bakhe bonke buyidini elivunyiweyo. Unyana webhinqa elinegunya laseWales elikhotyokisiweyo kunye noMnusheli-Mnushe, uAshelad wincap nayiphi na into athetha ngayo. Uhamba phakathi kwehlabathi, efihla ilifa lakhe lokwenene, esebenza njengebrorho kunye nemela phakathi kwe-Danish kunye neWales. Isigqibo sakhe sokukhusela iWales/na nexabiso lobomi bakhe kunye nemali ekwakungasayi kujongwa ngayo. Xa entloko yentloko yenkosi uSweyn ivusa ukufa kwakhe, urhwebo lwakhe lobuCanterbans nolwalse iza kuhlala i-Wales.

I-acellad yezokhetho lwe-Normandy ivumelana nenyaniso yembali yeenkokeli ezimanyeneyo ezisebenzisa ungquzulwano lwezithethe ngexesha le-Viking. Iintloko ezininzi, njenge- i-librato' ye-Normandy, yenza i-remodentias entsha yezobupolitika ngokudibanisa imikhosi yamaNorse nezithethe zasekuhlaleni. Ungafunda ngeminqamlezo ebangelwe yimincilingo ebangela umdla ngolu hlobo lweminqamlezo ephiciweyo egqume i-uthel'unis-uning, kodwa ukhetha ukuba umlawuli othelelwa kwizakhono. Imephulo le-yunja elilungileyo linyuke kwimibango. I-Tyrea.

Kodwa umbingelelo we-Acceladd awunalukholo luphela. Uthwala ubunzima behlazo likanina kunye negazi lamaRoma kwimithambo yakhe. Ngokuzibiza igama lakhe kukumkani wasentsomini uArtorius, ubiza ilifa elingulo lodwa, iphupha kunye nomthwalo. Ubomi bakhe bonke buyisenzo esicetyelwe ukukhulula isidima ebekiweyo. Xa ekugqibeleni ekhetha ukufa, akakhuseli nje kuphela eWales kodwa kwakhona uyasinda kubomi bokulala. Umbingelelo wequmrhu lomthetho uba sisenzo senkululeko. Umbuzo omkhulu onokuzinika wona ukuzinikela, uyakwazi ukufa okuthetha into ethetha ukuba umqhubi webhodi oya kushiya iintshabani zakhe zibaleka. Iso sisikhumbuzo esisebenza kakhulu kodwa omnye umnikelo osebenzayo.

Utshintsho LukaCanute Nomvuzo Wokwanelisa

Ukuguquka kweNkosana Canute ukusuka kumfana owoyikekayo ukuya kukumkani othanda intsimbi kulawulwa lidini elicacileyo elisoyikisayo: ubulala ubumsulwa bakhe. Emva kokufa kukaRagnar, uyise nomkhuseli wakhe, uCanute ujongene nemilinganiselo yothando kunye nobungqina bokuba ubukumkani amele abulawule bungenakukheka ngemfesane kuphela. Wenza isigqibo esinyanisekileyo sokulwa nenkohlakalo, anikele ngesimilo sakhe, aze athwale umthwalo wegunya elifana nothixo. Oku kumenza angakwazi ukumelana nababulali bakayise kwaye ekugqibeleni avune uBukhosi baseNtlau.

Ngokwembali, iCanute inkulu imanyanise iNgilani, iDenmark, kunye neNorway, kodwa ngokuxuba umkhosi, ulawulo, kunye nokudibana okungenalusini. Inkcazo yeCanute idlala uloyiko lwengqondo oluhambisana nelo phulo. ISipili senkcitho semvakalelo; umnikelo wakhe obalulekileyo kukunqamleza kweemvakalelo; urhwebo loluntu lwakhe ngenxa yengqeqesho efunekayo ukuyalela. IVinland Saga[ i-'iith's Canute's iba sisipili somlawuli wokwenene, ebonakalisa ukubamba ummandla omkhulu, othambileyo, kunye, ukumkani ngamanye amaxesha kufuneka enze isigqibo sobuhlobo obuphakathi. Isigqibo sokuthomalalisa i-Dinjini ye-piking.

Elinye lamaxesha othusayo kolu ngcelele lixa uCanute eyalela ukubulawa kwejoni elinyanisekileyo ukuba libonise nje igunya lalo. Alikwenzi ngenkohlakalo, lenza ngenxa yokuba inceba izakubonwa njengobuthathaka. Idini lobomi bomntu omnye lincinane ukuhlawula ukuzomelela kobukhosi. Eli tyala libonisa imbali yokwenene yookumkani bamaxesha aphakathi abamele baqhubeke bewangqina amandla abo ngezenzo zoburhalarhume. Izenzo zika-Canute zibonisa ukuba ukunikela ngokubalulekileyo akusoloko kubangelwa kukunikela okuthile okuthandwa nguwe. Ngokunjalo, intlekele yeCanute ithetha ukuba ufanele akwenzele oko afuna ukukwenza, kwaye ulahleke oko kufunwa nguye kuqala.

Iphupha LaseVinland Nedini Elibalaseleyo

Ingqungquthela ye-staga ifika xa uThorfinn ekugqibeleni efunda i Thorrs kunye nezikhonkwane ukusuka kwijoni ukuya kulwakha. Uhambo lweVinland, oluya phambili, olungekhona nje kusukelo lwelizwe elithile, kwaye luyinjongo ecacileyo yendlela yesithethe yamaViking. UThorfinn uceba ukushiya umjikelezo wokuhlasela nokuziphindezela aze afumane ilizwe elingenamakhoboka okanye amakrele. Unikela igama lakhe phakathi kwabantu abaphila kunye nentuthulelo lwakhe, kwaye uyakwazi ukwakha uluntu olunoxolo kunxweme olukude apho kungekho mntu uya kuthetha ulwimi lwakhe logonyamelo.

Eli phupha linomthelela othe ngqo. Kunyaka we-1000, uLeif Erikson , kwaye kamva umnakwabo uThorvaldd nodade wabo uGudrid . wakhuthaza iNorse uNorte ukuzama ukumisa uVinland, indawo ejikeleze i-Gwen yase St.Lawrence kunye ne-Newfoundland. Ungafunda uqwalaselo olubalaseleyo lwale zifundo lwale mimandla [FLY:2] uSmithson Magazine yophando lwamange eMelika [[[FLTLT:3]]. Uvavanyo lokwenene lweVinland yayilidini elikhulu kakhulu: Norselvese, uhamba ukuya kwimimandla apho abantu bomda abahlala kuwo bechasana, kwaye ekugqibeleni warhoxa uthelsa ngenxa yexabiso lokuzingela i-Thnvources. Umes umnikelo wakudala umnikelo wesityalo.

Kodwa intlekele yaseVinland ithetha ukuba ayisoze isebenze. Imbali ibonisa ukuba ingingqi yamaNorse eMelika ayizange iphumelele kwiminyaka embalwa, iphenjelelwa kukungqubana namaSkræling (igama leNorse lithetha abantu bomthonyama) kwaye kunzima kakhulu ukugcina imida yokunikezela ngaphaya kwe-Atlantiki. Ibali likaYu Yu Yu Yu Yumuraura, elingekagqibeli ngokupheleleyo kwi-manga, libonakala liphosa phambili kwisiphumo esifanayo. Intengo enzulu ayiqinisekisiweyo ukuba impumelelo inokwenzeka, kodwa iThorfinn ingaba yimbonakaliso egqibeleleyo yemibingelelo yemali kwisal-sme--ahn yonke, kuquka nekamva lakhe, kuba imbali ithetha ukuba imbali ithetha ukuba ityala layo liyagwetywa. Kodwa okona kusibona ukuncana kwempumelelo, kodwa oko kunokwenzeka. UThorn uyakwazi ukubhadula undo.

Ilifa Elihlala Lihleli Lemibingelelo Efanelekileyo

IVinland Saga isebenzisa ingcamango yokuziphindezela ngempumelelo ukuphinda siyiqonde indlela esibaqonda ngayo abasebenzi bentelekelelo kunye nabantu bembali. Imikhosi inikela ngophawu lwayo lobuphungumphungulo ukukhusela unyana wayo, kwaye eso senzo sinye sithule sinye sivakalayo ukutyhubela amashumi amane eminyaka ebalisela. UTorfinn ubingelela ubomi bakhe kwimpiselo engenanto, kuphela ukuzibuyisela kwakhona ngombingelelo omkhulu wemfazwe kwihlabathi lamakrele. UAshel wanikela ubomi bakhe kunye nelifa lakhe ngemigca enye ukukhusela iWales kwaye uvulela indlela ka-Canute. Unokubingelela umphefumlo wakhe ngenxa yobukumkani. Kwimeko nganye, lo mbingelelo awupheli owenziyo kodwa uyakwazi ukuphelisa umlinganiselo othe wangaphandle, nowakhelweyo.

Kubafundi abanomdla kwimithombo yokwenene yamaxesha aphakathi eyaphefumlela uYukimura, i-Icelandic Saga Isiseko sogcino-lwazi inika iinguqulelo ezithe kratya ze Vínland sagas nezinye iincwadi ezichaza urhwebo lwazo ezikhoyo naba basebenzi. Imbali yeNkathi yamaViking yabunjwa ngamakhulu amakhulu emisebenzi engaqhelekanga engaziwayo: obawo abashiye ngasemva ukukhusela ifama ngenqanawa ngexesha oonyana behamba ngentshona, iinkokeli ezamkela ubuKristu ukukhusela izivumelwano zorhwebo, kunye noluntu ezashiya iGreenlandland xa imozulu yabajikela. [[FLT:]Vland][FLT]] [12] i-STIN.[FLT] i-slect: shortssss isithi sembali kwimbali, isikhumbuza ukuba imbali asibi nento ehambayo, kodwa ingumthwalo womntu ngamnye, kodwa ithenjiwe .

Ngaphandle kwabasebenzi abaphambili, olu ngcelele lukwahlola ukuncama kwabo bakwindawo yesibini abadla ngokungabonwa. UEinar, umhlobo kaThorfinn kunye nekhoboka elingumnye, uncama igama lakhe lobufama ukuze aphume kwinkohlakalo yemakethe yamakhoboka. Hild, umzingeli ophulukana nentsapho yakhe ukuya kuThorfinn kwixesha elidluleyo, umele ancame umnqweno wakhe wokuziphindezela ukudibana nohambo lweVinland. Kwanabalimi abanikezela ngesivuno sabo ukuze baxhase inteko yabo, oomatiloshe abashiya iintsapho zabo emva kwe-8. Ingxelo ifuna ukuba kungabikho mntu owakha ihlabathi lodwa; zonke iihekeyile zithengiwe ngabo bangaphambili.

Ukukhanya kongcelele lolo ngcelele kukuba ayize ivumele abaphulaphuli balibale iindleko. Ngayiphi na inzuzo, i-end, , , mandla, ihlawulwa kusengaphambili ngento enzulu. Njengoko uphinda uphinda ujonge i-sagas okanye i-ame, qwalasela indlela intlawulo, intlawulo, okanye ingxwabangxwaba, ingaphandle ukuchaza ubomi babo basindayo. Ngaloo ndlela, Sainland ayithethi mbali nje; ifundisa inyaniso enzima ngokukhokela, uthando, kwaye ehlala ixesha elide: izinto ezizifaneleyo kuphela ezo sizimisele ukuzinikela ngazo.