Zimbalwa iingcelele ze-apple eziye zadala ingxoxo yentanda-bulumko njenge Inqaku lokufa . Ngaphandle kwalo, ibali loLight Yagami nento yakhe edaliweyo yencwadi ebhaliweyo yendalo yeyomntu yeyesixhobo sokudlala i-wheader genre/a-mouse phakathi komsindisi ozizolileyo nomcuphi omkhulu wehlabathi. Kodwa ngaphantsi kwento eninzi ikho i-synthe profecs etsala ngqo kwisithethe esikhoyo. Ngoonobumba bayo, iingxaki zokuziphatha, kunye neembono ezingalungisekiyo, inqaku elithi [[FLT:] IDiam inokuba ngumzekelo wokuzingela yenkululeko epheleleyo, kwaye i-untlunyuswa yimeko eqondwa njengo Jean-Sarmusmus, i-Criencewn, kunye no-Geneoncey.

Ubukho Bokubakho: Inqaku Elifutshane

Ubukho bobukho bentanda-bulumko obubeka amava omntu ophilayo kumbindi wophando. Buvela ekuqondeni ukuba indalo iphela ayinantsingiselo emiselwe kwangaphambili, ukubakho kwabantu kwandulela intsingiselo, kwaye ukuba abantu bakhululeke kakhulu ukuzichaza ngokwabo ngokwabo ngokwabo. Iziganeko zokuqala ezifana ne Søren Kierkegaard zigxininisa unxunguphalo lwesigqibo sobuqu kubuso bobuntazi, ngoxa uFrienrich Nietzerge engazange akhawuleze afumane intsingiselo yokufa kukaThixo. Kwinkulungwane ye-20, iSartreatate ezi ngqiqo, ithetha ukuba “simele inkululeko” kwaye sithwale ityala ngokupheleleyo ngenxa yokuba singoobani. UAlbertum, nangona i-kalmusmus, ingqungquthelana yentsingiselo yethu engekho ngqiqweni.[3]

Isiseko Sobukho Bezinto Ezikhoyo Kulwazi Oluthi Lufe

Ukusuka kwixesha Light Yagami ithatha inqaku leDeath, ihlabathi lakhe likhutshwe intelekelelo ethuthuzelayo yokuziphatha okufunyenweyo. Le ncwadana ayiveli nencwadi yesandla echaza okusesikweni; inika amandla omatshini kuphela , kwaye loo mntu uyafa. Isenzo ngasinye esilandelayo sisuka kwindalo yoLumi. Oku kukuthikho kwento ekhoyo yenziwa: umxhasi we-athonsitist wajongene nephulo apho kufuneka aqalise umthetho wakhe. Lo ludwe luyilandela ngocoselelo iziphumo zaloo nto, lutyhila zonke intebeko yodwa noloyiko lobungcaciso.

Ubunzima Benkululeko Epheleleyo

Isiseko sesartre sithi “umzekelo uphambili wento ekhoyo” uthetha ukuba akukho mvelaphi epheleleyo yomntu, akukho nkcazelo yobuthixo echaza injongo yethu. Siphoswa phantsi, kwaye emva koko sizichaza ngokwamaphulo ethu nezigqibo. ULight Yagami ngumzekeliso ogqibeleleyo. Phambi kwencwadi, umfundi okrelekrele kodwa okruqulayo wesikolo esiphezulu, ochazwa ngomgangatho ophezulu kwaye nengqiqo engacacanga yokuba ihlabathi libolile. Ukuphela kumnika amandla okusebenzisa olo khuthazo, kwaye ngokwenza oko, ujongene nobunzima obupheleleyo benkululeko ekhoyo. Zonke iincwadi zokubulala zilukhetho olubonisa ukuba umninizo. Akangothixo wendalo; uzama ukuba abe nguthixo omnye kulandele utho lwendalo.

Kodwa le nkululeko iyamtyumza. Ukukhanya kukhawuleza kuqonde ukuba ukuyeka ukubulala kuzakuvuma ukuba yonke imisebenzi yakhe yayizakuba yeyobuqu, ukuba “ihlabathi elitsha” ucinga ukuba lizibonele ngokwakhe. Ixhala uKierkegaard elichazwa njenge “siphazamiso senkululeko” liyambamba: ukuqonda ukuba akukho nto ngaphandle kwayo eya kuzenza zisebenze izenzo zakhe. Kunokuba kurhoxe, uKwelela phantsi, ukuthatha umthwalo kunye nokwakha ingcamango enzima yokuthethelela ukubulala kwakhe. Le yindlela ekhoyo yokuzithethelela, kodwa ithwele isithunzi. USarre wabhala ukuba ekuzikhetheleni kwethu, sikhetha bonke uluntu; sikhetha umfanekiso woluntu lonke. Ukukhanya kungumthetho wehlabathi apho abanamandla benokukhulula khona inkululeko yabo.

Ukuthembeka Nokholo Olubi

Isiseko sokwahlula phakathi kokuphila ngokunyanisekileyo, .ukuzibiza ngenkululeko kunye noxanduva (*. kwaye ukuwela kukholo olubi ( imauise foi), imeko yokuzilawula ngokwayo, apho abantu bezenza ngathi abakhululekileyo. Uthixo wokukhanya uyakwazi ukufundwa njengesakhiwo esintsonkothileyo sokholo olubi. Uzixelela ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukuba “ubulungisa,” ukuba wenza okulungileyo, akanakhetho kuba ufuna umsindisi. Ezi zinto zizenza ukuba ukhanyele ngokukhululekile. Uzenza ngokungathi uthunyiwe, kunokuba akhetha. Oku kukhetha oku kulungile. Oku kukuziqhathamisa njengezinto ezizilawulayo ngaphandle kwe-omgamgam.

Ngokwahlukileyo koko, L, umcuphi odumileyo wehlabathi, ubonakalisa ulwalamano oludidayo noluyinyaniso. L uyazi ukuba ukusukela kwakhe iKira ngumsebenzi wobuqu, oqhutywa ngamandla olwazi olunzulu nekratshi njengomnqweno wokufuna okusesikweni. Akaze athi ungummeli wenyaniso epheleleyo, kwaye ukunyaniseka kwakhe okungaqhelekanga okungalawulekiyo, nokuhlala engenanto yakwambatha, nokutya ii-raski ngokugqithisileyo, kubonakalisa ukuhoya kwakhe ubukho bobugqhinga bakhe. Akazixoxisi macala obengezelele iindlela zakhe, kwaye ngaloo ndlela, uphila kufuphi nentembeko yakhe ekhoyo yokuzimela. Kodwa uL naye ubambekelwe kwimidlalo yokuzifihla iimfi, esoloko echaza umntu owahlukileyo ngoxa ezikhusela yena ngokwakhe. Ukufa kwakhe kwiempawu ezintle zolo olubalaseleyo.

Igalelo Lomnye Nokwaziwa Kwakhe

Ubukho bobukho bugxininisa ukuba ingqiqo yethu yokuzijonga yona ibunjwe ekungquzuleni nabanye. Ingcamango kaSartre “ukujonga” ithatha indlela okusikhanyisa ngayo okuthi kusiguqulele kwinto ekhululekileyo ibe yinto echaziweyo. Igqwesileyo phakathi kokukhanya no L lidabi lokujonga. Ngamnye uzama ukuchaza ukuba u-Ly Yagami nguKira,” ezama ukukhubaza ukhanyiso lwesigqubuthelo sakhe, ngoxa uKlong ezama ukutshabalalisa umntu obona ngomfanekiso wakhe wokuzihlonela uThixo. Imali ayingomdla nje kodwa ayingolwazi kodwa ilwano lokulawula umntu ocinga ukuba ngumntu kwaye yisixhobo nje.

Ukwazi ukukhanya kuya kuxhomekeka ngakumbi ekugqalweni ngabanye. Unqwenela unqulo; ufuna ihlabathi ukuba limgqale njengothixo. Lo ngumgibe okhoyo wokuphila kwenye i-("inkululeko yakhe inikezelwe kwisiqinisekiso sangaphandle esingenakuze siphele. Xa ekufutshane noMello bemtyhilela, ukuwa kuphelele: ubuthixo bakhe buyaphela, kwaye ude udedelwe ngumntu odakumbileyo. Umzuzu wokuchachacha kukuchanaza okupheleleyo, kwaye ukuwohloka kokukhanya kubonisa ukungakwazi ukuxhasa iprojekthi yenyaniso.

Iqhawe Elinyusiweyo Nokuthanda Ukulawula

Light Yagami isoloko ithelekiswa ne Xanathsch kaNietzsche, umboni odala imilinganiselo yakhe ngaphaya kwento elungileyo nengalunganga. Ngaphandle, oku kufanayo kunamandla: Ukukhanya kuyalwa “imilinganiselo yokuziphatha yobukhoboka” yebutho labantu elikhusela izaphuli-mthetho, kwaye ubeka ithebhisko elitsha lemilinganiselo yamaxabiso ngamandla angoyilelo. Kodwa ukufunda okunzulu kucebisa ukuba uwe phantsi kwento elungileyo. UNenchetzsche uyakwazi ukubopha isiqalo esingunaphakade, kwaye usoloko exonxanisa ingcamango yokuphila ubomi bukabani, kwaye ngaphaya kwayo kanye kanye indlela yokuxolisa. Ukukhanya, ngokokuba, kuqhutywa nguloyiko lwentsingiselo kwaye ufuna ukuthethelelwa kobomi bakhe. Akakwazi ukubuthethelela ubomi bakhe njengoko bunjalo; usoloko exolisa ubomi bakhe; usoloko exolisa “ubomi obuzayo, obungabomyo.

Igosa elingenangqiqo likaAlbert Camus linikela ilens elinganayo. INthlosa kaSisyphus, Camus uphikisa ukuba kufuneka sicinge ukuba uSisyphus wonwabile, nangona engapheli, umsebenzi ongenanto wokuqengqela induli. Igorha elingenangqiqo liyavuma ukuswela intsingiselo yendalo kodwa liqhubeke lisebenza ngokudibeneyo nokuvukela. Ngokwahlukileyo, ukhanyiso, akafuni ukwamkela ubumfiliba. Ufuna intsingiselo, ihlabathi eligqibeleleyo, kwaye ukulungele ukutshabalalisa nabani na osongelayo. Ukuvukela kwakhe akulwi nomntu ongekho ngqiqweqweni kodwa okumdlayo. Ukukhanya okumtshabalalisayo ekugqibeleni. Ukukhanya okungakho konke nokungaphiniwa kwakhe, unokufumana indlela eyahlukileyo, enokuthi afumane indlela yakhe.

Ukufa, Ukuphelelwa Lithemba Nenjongo Yobomi

Ukufa lulundi olungapheliyo lwenqaku lokufa , kunye nentanda-bulumko ekhoyo ikholelwa ukuba ukungquzulana ngokunyanisekileyo nokufa kubalulekile kubomi obuyinyani. UMartin Heidegger wachaza ubukho bomntu “njengokufa, uxambulisana ukuba ukuphapha kwethu kungasiphazamisa ekungakhathalini kwamihla le kwaye kusenze siphile ngendlela enyanisekileyo. Ukufa kubonakalisa le ngcamango: kunika amandla okumisela icebo lokugqiba kakuhle ukuba abanye baza kufa nini kwaye njani, kunyanzelela ukuba ababulali kunye namaxhoba omntu ajongene nokufa ngokucace gcaba.

I Shinigami Ryuk, efaka incwadi yokubhala kwintsingiselo yomntu, iquka ukujijwa okungaqhelekanga kumxholo. Njengomntu ongafiyo, uRyuk ufile ngokungokoqobo, akakwazi ukungxama ukuba ukufa kuzisa ubomi bomntu. Uphawula isiganeko sokukhanya esiziyolisayo, umxhasi wentsingiselo yomntu ukuba akanakukwazi ukuncedisana ngokwenene. Ithetha ukuba uRyuk ugqibele ngelinye icebo lokubulala abantu.

Ibala Lemilinganiselo Yokuziphatha Nendalo Yemilinganiselo

Kwihlabathi elingenawo ummisi-mthetho ongokobuthixo, sisiphi isizathu sokuziphatha? Lo mbuzo uvakala ngongcelele longcelele lo Light bridge isebenza ngendlela yakhe yokuziphatha ukusuka ekukrazukeni. Uvakalisa ukuba okusesikweni kukupheliswa kwezaphuli-mthetho, kodwa le nkcazelo yindawo yakhe yokuyila, exhaswe kuphela ngamandla akhe okunyanzelisa. Umgca odumileyo weDostoevsky, “Ukuba uThixo akakho, yonke into ivunyelwe,” ufumana umzekeliso ophazamisayo kwizenzo zoKwesibane. Ngaphandle kwe-ankile engaphaya kwe-ankile, amaxabiso abantu aba ngawona anamandla okuyila, kwaye oyena mkhi ungenalusi ungenalusi.

Kodwa uthotho oluthe ngqwithi lwezikhundla. Oku kusingela phantsi ngokukhawuleza kugonyamelo olungenazintloni; ubulala kungekuphela nje iifelo kodwa nabantu abamsulwa abasongela imfihlo yakhe, kuquka abameli beFBI kunye noomanyhadala. Umgca phakathi “kubulungisa” kunye nokuzibeka ngokwabo ufinyeza de kunyamalale. Oku kubonakalisa isilumkiso sobukho bobukho bendalo ukuba inkululeko engenatyala ingumoya owonakalisayo. Indalo eqinisekileyo, uSartre, kufuneka isetyenziswe jikelele, kunye ne-FBI kunye noopera-okanye. Umgca ophakathi komntu ozenzayo ube ngumzekelo wayo yonke into. Ukukhanya kuya kusilela ngokuphawulekayo olu vavanyo, njengoko ihlabathi lakhe lizakuba sisiphololo nabani nabani na oxabisa inyaniso, inkqubo elula, okanye isidima esilula.

Uphakamiso-magama Ngokweempawu Zesibini

Ngoxa uLight noL belawula iqondo lentanda-bulumko, inkxaso iqinisa ukhangelo. UMisa Amane, ozuza inqaku lakhe lokufa kwaye abe lidlelane elizinikeleyo noLight, uphila ubomi bobunyani obunzulu. Unikezela ngokupheleleyo inkululeko yakhe ekukhanyeni, azichaza kuphela ngothando lwakhe kunye nokuvuma kwakhe ukubulala egameni lakhe. Kumagama akhoyo, ungumenzi wokholo olubi, uziphatha njengenjongo enqunywe yenye. Ukuzimisela kwakhe ukukhulula ubomi bakhe ngokuphindwe kabini ngenxa yamehlo eShingami. Kunqabile ukuzisebenzisela kwakhe ukuzibulala ngegama lakhe. Kumagama azimeleyo, uzijonga njengomntu oziphetheyo.

Teru Mimi, umtshutshisi okhutheleyo ozibanga engomnye umenzi wenkululeko kawonke-wonke kaKira, umela enye igqwetho lwenkululeko ekhoyo. Mikami ukholelwa ukuba ukhetha okusesikweni ngokuzimeleyo, kodwa eneneni usuka nje wamkela inkqubo yexabiso loKhanyiso njengento epheleleyo. Ubuntu bakhe obungqongqo, obugqithisileyo bubonisa indlela imilinganiselo yokuziphatha eyakhelwe yona ngokwayo enokuba yiyo intolongo kanye njengayo nayiphi na imfundiso engaphandle. Xa ekugqibeleni engaphumeleliyo, ukuwohloka kwakhe kubonisa ukuba zonke iimpawu zakhe zakhiwe kwisiseko esibolekiweyo.

Abathathi nxaxheba, kufutshane noMello, bagqibele ireyithingi. I-Mello idibanisa inkululeko engalungiswanga, yokuzingca, ukuthatha izingxibo, ukwaphula imithetho, nokuphila ngamandla . kodwa izenzo zakhe ekugqibeleni zingumsebenzi onzima wokufuna ukuqwalaselwa. Kufutshane, kwelinye icala, zihlala zingamkelekanga kwaye zingenazintloni, umqwalaseli opholileyo osebenza phantse njengomchasi-msila, ukuhlanganisa iziqwenga zetyala ukubhenca inyaniso. Ulo lwakhe lokugqibela asilo khuthulo lobulungisa kodwa ukwamkelwa ngokufanelekileyo kukuba umdlalo uphelile kwaye inyaniso ibekwe ivulekile.

Ukuhla Kwemida: Ukujamelana Nemida Yokuzidalela

Isiphelo seLight Yagami singunobangela ophambili wentlekele ekhoyo. Kulo lonke ungcelele, usebenza phantsi kwentelekelelo yokuba ukuthanda kwakhe kuphela kunokuxhasa ulungelelwano lwakhe olutsha lwehlabathi. Ulawula, anike ubalo, kwaye aphelise imiqobo ngenkalipho egqithisileyo. Kodwa kwaneemfuno zomntu azama ukugqitha `wibris, umnqweno wokuzingca, ukoyika ukukhunjulwa. Ukuwa kwakhe akubangelwanga kukuvelela nje okukodwa kodwa kuxhomekeke ekuzameni kwakhe ukuzama ukuba nguthixo ngoxa ehleli eyindoda efileyo.

Kwisiganeko sokugqibela, xa uKwenyelwa, ukhanyiso lutyhilwa luze lwenziwe monakalo, izibongozo zakhe kunye nokucingisiswa kwakhe ngokuphelelwa lithemba kususa umntu ohlonel ’ uThixo, otyhila umntu. Le yinyaniso ikhoyo uSartre echazwe: akukho ndlela yokuphuma kwimeko yomntu. Sikhululekile, kodwa inkululeko isetyenziswa phakathi kwemida yokungathobeki, ukungenzi nto, nokujongwa ngokungenakuphepheka kwabanye. Ukungaphumeleli kokukhanya akuthethi ukuba wenza impazamo, kodwa ukholelwa ukuba uyakwazi ukuyicima le midanga ngenyanzelo. Ungcelelelo ayipheleli ngesifundo soloyilelo lokuziphatha kodwa ngokuthothozolo lwemingcelo yase-Ryuk.

Isiphelo: Ukufa Kungumfuziselo Obonisa Ukuba Ukho

Inqaku lokufa linyamezela kungekuphela nje ngenxa yentsingiselo entsonkothileyo okanye ubuchule bokuyila, kodwa ngenxa yokuba liphakamisa imibuzo ebeyihlupha intanda-bulumko kangangeenkulungwane. Ngokwanda nokuwa koLight Yagami, ungcelele lwezihlokozo lubonisa ukhupho lwenkululeko epheleleyo, unxunguphalo lwentsingiselo yozidala, kunye nesithunzi esingaphephekiyo sokufa. Aluvumi ukunikeza iimpendulo ezilula, kushiya abaphulaphuli bendlela enye ekwalandulayo. Ngokula oko, luquka intsingiselo enzulu yengcinga ekhoyo: ukujonga enzobileyo ngaphandle kokuzingela i-inchzingxte kwaye luqonde ukuba imbopheleleko yokuthetha ngokuzingela kwethu.

Abathathi-nxaxheba

  • Ukungabikho konqulo olusisiseko kusekelwe kwinkululeko egqithiseleyo, kwimbopheleleko yobuqu, nasekwa kwentsingiselo kwindalo engenanjongo.
  • Uhambo lokukhanya lweYagami lubonisa amandla kunye nengozi yenkululeko epheleleyo, ephumela ekubhabheni okuzitshabalalisayo ukusuka kubunyani.
  • Ingcamango yokholo olubi ityhubela ungcelele, njengoko abantu bezikhohlisa ngeentshukumisa neembopheleleko zabo zokwenene.
  • Ukujongwa kwenye, njengokuba yaveliswa nguSartre, kwakhiwa umlo phakathi kokukhanya noL njengomzamo wokuzichaza.
  • Ukufa kusebenza njengolu hlobo lolwazi olukhoyo, lususa inkohliso nokutyhila imida yamandla omntu nendalo.
  • Ukuhlolisisa abasebenzi besibini kutyhila iimpendulo ezininzi kwimeko ekhoyo, ukususela ekugwetyweni ngokupheleleyo kwenkululeko (iMisa) ukusa ekumkelweni ngokwamkeleka ngokupheleleyo (Near).