Igama elithi “Espada” — elithathwe kwigama lesiSpanish nelesiPhuthukezi elithetha ikrele — linika umqondiso ofanelekileyo wobukhali, ngokufuthi oyingozi weqela labefundisi eliye lachaza ibutho labantu iminyaka engamawaka. Njengemela, iEspada ingakhusela, kodwa likwanokukhubeka. Limela inkqubo yokuyila apho intsingiselo yephondo, amandla, nokusinda kwelizwe, ukwenza umlo ongapheliyo phakathi kwabo bafuna ukunyuka, abo bazabalazela ukulondoloza isikhundla sabo, nabo bazama ukunyamezela. Ngelixesha elingelilo, i-Espalla inksss ingcam, isakhiwo sokhuphiko, ukusuka kwiinkundla zemikhosi yamandulo ukuya kwii-glasi yeminali. Kule nkampani, siya kurhoxandumisa i-ma, inkculo, i-magnobo, i-systdians, i-systdial, i-each, i-hsting, i-eadiactive, i-mongs ay esting, i-eaged, i-iaged, i- i-e

Imvelaphi Yembali Yemibutho Ekhuphisanayo

Utyekelo lomntu lokuhlela amaqela ludala. Ubungqina bentlalo-ntle bubonisa ukuba kwanamaqela abazingeli abaqokelela izinto babeneemeko ezahlukeneyo ezisekelwe kubuchule, ubudala, okanye kwigunya lokomoya. Njengoko ibutho labantu lalisiya lisiba nzima, kwanjalo nolawulo lwalo lobuhandiba. IEspada, ngokuzimela kwayo ezininzi, yazalwa ngokufumana imfuneko yokwandisa izinto, ukulungiselela, nokugcina ucwangco, kodwa ngokukhawuleza yaba yindawo yokulwa iphulo.

Impucuko Yamandulo Nesiqalo Sobuqhetseba

EMesopotami, iKhowudi kaHammurabi yahlanganisa udidi oluqinileyo olwabeka izikhundla, abemi abakhululekileyo, kunye namakhoboka kwiindidi ezihlukeneyo zomthetho. Oofaro baseYiputa babehleli phezu kwe-piramidi yobuthixo, ngoxa ookumkani baseSumeri babesithi baphuma koothixo. La yayingamalungiselelo okulawula kuphela; ayengamabali athethelela ukungalingani. [[FLT:] ukwenziwa kwentlalo-ntle [[[FLT: 1] kwamaxesha amandulo adala “amagama” acwangcisiweyo — umphini onokuthi anqamle na oye athandabuza umyalelo wobuthixo. Kwizixokelelwano ezinjalo, amabhongo ayekho kwinkonzo (ashiciweyo, ababingeleli, amajoni) okanye atyumfayo.

IAntiquity Yamandulo: Patricia, Plebeans, Nemigudu Yokulawula

IRoma yamandulo inikela umzekeliso ocacileyo weEspada esebenzayo. Imfazwe phakathi kwezikhulu ze-patricia kunye noququzelelo lwezopolitiko — eyaziwa ngokuba yiPartif of the Orders — yathatha iinkulungwane ezimbini. UPatricia wabeka amalungelo apheleleyo kwisikhundla sezobupolitika nababingeleli, kodwa ulawulo lwezikhundla lwezikhundla ze-ofisi, inkqubano zezobupolitika, kunye neyelenqena lokufumana impumelelo yezopolitiko ukuze zifumaneke ngokuthe ngcembe. Oku kwavelisa iiTables ezili-12, iofisi yeTribune, yaye ekugqibeleni idekrutha, ibutho eliselukileyo. Inkqulukwano yeRoma, inkqulumo yezolawulo, ukungaphumeleli kwenkqulukelo yolawulo, yayiyileli yelingezolawulo oluthe kratya, isoloko inyuka ngozuko lomkhosi okanye umkhosi woburhulumente. Ikrele le-Esmea liqua ye-Espouth Egadsss, xa kuthe ukulawulwa kwemfazwe. — ukuphumelela kwenkqu.

Imiyalelo Esetyenziswa Ngamaqumrhu: Ikrele njengeMetaphor

AmaXesha aphakathi kulo lonke elaseYurophu naseJapan enza isifaniso esingokoqobo. EBrindel Yurophu, ikrele lendoda elinamandla lalisisixhobo nesophawu lwezikhundla. Ulungelelwano lwentlalo — abo bathandazayo (imfazwe), abo balwayo (inzala), nabo basebenza (iimfumba) — babejongwa njengemimiselo yobuthixo. Kodwa, kwanakule ndawo inkcuba - nyemba, iphulo likhulu, i-athonsingxwa, i-fafa, ifuna imali eninzi ngemfazwe, imidlalo, okanye imishado. ICawa ngokwayo yaba liqela apho imonki ephantsi yayinokuba ngubhishophu okanye kwano Papa omeleleyo, i-Espadroba. EJapan, iklasi, i-amarhani, ikhonjiwe ngekhowudi eqinileyo, kodwa i-Se6767, ibonakalisa igunya eliphantsi eliphantsi kwegunya lemfazwe, eliphantsi kwelonke, igosamele ukubulawa kwegonga.

Ulwaleko lweEspada: Isakhiwo kunye noomatshini abanamandla

IEspada ayingomqoka nje. Ingumsebenzi ophambili wokulondoloza umthetho wolwalamano oluphilayo, i-"% kunye nemithetho engekhoyo. Kwincopho ihlala abantu abaphezulu — abo balawula ubuncwane, nokuba likomkhulu, okanye ulwazi. Umsebenzi wabo ophambili kukugcina usemthethweni ngoxa bekhusela izicelo eziceliweyo. Abalawuli bomkhosi (abacetyiweyo okanye abasebenzisa isigebe-thezeke) bamele bakholelwe ukuba inkqubo (abacetyiweyo okanye abasebenzisanayo) iyanyanzeleka kwaye ngokufuthi kufuneka bafune ukuphembelela itrone. Isiseko esibanzi siquka abantu abasebenza kunye nabo bonke abaxhasa isakhiwo. Uzinziso lweEspampaka luxhomekeke kumlinganiselo oqinileyo: kufuneka bakholelwe ukuba inkqubo ilungile, okanye noko, kwaye i-ethermicromarks

Imaleko Yamandla

  • Abathathi-nxaxheba: izilawuli, ii-CEO, iinkokeli zezobupolitika, abaxhasi abaphezulu. Banempembelelo engalawulekiyo kodwa kwakhona bajongene nezisongelo ezizinziyo zokugcina.
  • [[FLT: 0] Abalawuli/Oomphathi-majoni: amagosa asemkhosini, abalawuli abaphezulu, iziqu zokugcina intsebenziswano. Baguqulela iqonga eliphezulu kwisenzo kwaye basoloko besebenza njengabagcini bamasango abahambayo.
  • Abasebenzi: ithambo lomqolo lomsebenzi. Ukuvuma kwabo kukhuselwe ngokudibana kwengxubevange yokunyanzela, isiko, kunye nemfuno yezoqoqosho.

Ukuhamba okuthe nkqo phakathi kwezi maleko ngumdlalo weEspada. Ezinye iindawo zakha amaleli — imfundo, i-aspectratic mask, urhwebo — ngelinye ixesha amanye amasango agqunywe ngodidi, udidi, okanye umncedisi wezobupolitika. “Igama” liyakwazi ukunyusa amabhongo awabambayo, okanye awe abo bacel ’ umngeni umgaqo osunguliweyo.

Injini Yokufuna Ukuvelela: Ukukhwela Ileli

Isiqu se-Espada siphembelela ukukhutshwa kwe-Espada. Ikhuthaza ukuphuhliswa, ukwanda kwezoqoqosho, kunye nokhuphiswano lwenkxwaleko, kodwa kwakhona lukhuphiswano olungenalusini. Kwiqela lezakhono ezisempilweni, amabhongo athunyelwa ngemithetho kunye namaziko avuza italente kunye nomgudu. Kwisixa sokungabikho kobuchule, ugonyamelo, kunye nobuqhophololo ziba zezona ndlela ziqinisekileyo. Imbali izele yimizekelo yabantu abanosuke babhukuqa ubukhosi okanye bakha ezintsha — uAlexander Omkhulu, u-Julius Caesar, uNapoleon Bonapartee — nganye itente esemandleni ombane yobuqu, okanye ngokuchasene no-Espada.

Ifa leMeritocracy v.

Uxinzeleleko phakathi komthetho (ngokuzalwa) kunye nempumelelo (ngokomgudu) zichaza ukusebenziseka kwayo nayiphi na iEspada. Inkqubo yokuvavanya yamaConfucius e-Tshayina, umzekelo, yavula umjelo omxinwa kodwa wokwenene kubalawuli abanobuchule bokungena kwiqumrhu elilawulayo. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, i-ancien regimey igcina amalungelo azukileyo emfuza. Xa umsantsa phakathi kokulindelwa namathuba anwenwa, isiphithiphithi-phithi. Imvukelo yaseFransi ingafundwa njengoqhushumbo lwekratshi eliciweyo, apho ukunyuka kwe-bourgeieie kwaye abantu abahlwe yindlala ekugqibeleni kwalithi shwaba ikrele.

Icala Elibi Lokufuna Imali

Iphulo elingangeni malala liyonakalisa. IPrince kaMachiavelli ihlala iyincwadi esetyenziswa kakhulu yokuqhuba imigangatho ekhohlisayo. Icebiso layo — elifanele loyikwe kunokuba lithandwe, lisebenzise ubuqhophololo kunye namandla — ligxininisa ukuba kumzabalazo we-zero-ase-zikhundleni, ukuziphatha kudla ngokuba yingxaki. Kwilizwe lanamhlanje, eli phulo libonakala njengedekrutha i-ofisi, ukukhubaza, kunye nokusukela inzuzo ebantwini, ukuvala intsingiselo embi ye-Espaya yamandulo.

Amaqhinga Okusinda Kwinkqubo Engenazintloni

Kubo bakwisiseko seEspada, ukusinda kuthatha indawo yokuqala kunephulo. Kodwa, ukusinda ngokwako kusenokuba yindlela yokuxhathisa ngokuzolileyo. Abasebenzi, abasebenzi befektri, namaqela aphantsi bavelisa iindlela zokunyamezela, ukugqwetha, okanye ukuguqula imigangatho yeqela. IiNtsomi, ukusuka kwisicaka esikrelekrele ukuya kumphathi wabalimi bavukela njengemfazwe yamaJamani ka-1525, zityhila ithemba elihlala lihleliyo lehlabathi apho ikrele lombuso ligcinwa ngokusesikweni okanye lingekho konke konke.

Ubuchule bokuqulunqa nokuqokelela

Ingcamango kaJames C. Scott ‘ yezixhobo zababuthathaka” — ukuxhotyiswa kweenyawo, ukuhleba, ukuphazanyiswa, kunye nokuzifihla — ichaza iindlela zokuxhathisa mihla le ezithintela ukungqubana ngqo neqela eliphezulu. Xa izenzo zokufihla imfihlo ziqokelela, zingaphelisa ilungelo leEspada. Isenzo sokuqokelela, ukusuka kwiqumrhu lamaxesha aphakathi ukuya kwimibutho yanamhlanje, imela ucelomngeni olungaphaya. Le mikhosi idla ngokuphinda iphelise abaphathi-phambili, inyanzelela ukuvuma amalungelo kunye nokuququlunqwa.

Isalathisi somsebenzi wePhondo

Ubugcisa, uncwadi, kunye nemifanekiso eshukumayo iqheleke kakhulu kumdlalo we-header director. Iintlekele zika Shakespeare, ezifana Macbeth kunye ne[FLT] Julius Caesar[, zikhulula iziphumo eziyingozi zelivelo elingathintelwanga. [[FLT:] i-Rom] yehlabathi leThtt ichaza ihlabathi apho izivumelwano zisuka khona phantsi koxinzelelo olungapheliyo lwegunya. Ubugcisa obubonakalayo, ukusuka kwimibhiyo ebhiyo ebhiyo i-Gopt" i-FLTY [FLD:6] ye-OTY [180:], c5] ichaza ingceloging ebonakalisa inggropoiew enje.

Amajelo Oosomashishini Anamhlanje Nekrele Elisetyenziswa Ngokufanayo

Namhlanje, ungcelele lukamabonwakude olufana Impumelelo kunye Indlu yeRragon iyaqhubeka lesithethe, inika i-vource ijonge kwimilo enzima yeentsomi eziphezulu. Okwangoku, amabali anokusetyenziswa kwizixhobo zebhayoloji aqinisa intelekelelo yokuba nabani na anokulibamba ikrele aze anyuke. I-trappans ingqina ukuba i-Espace ihlala iyilebhu ephakathi esijongela kulwalamano lwabantu.

IEspada Yanamhlanje: Ukusuka Kwiibhodi Ukuya Kwibhokisi

Kwibutho labantu lanamhlanje, ikrele elilawulayo alizange linyamalale; liye latshintsha. Iileli zeqela lezobupolitika, iinkqubo zemfundo, kunye nempembelelo yezentlalo ye-media ibonisa amandla afanayo esikhundla, amabhongo, kunye nokusinda. I-CEO inetrone engafaniyo nokumkani wamaxesha aphakathi, abagcini-matyala, amalungu ebhodi, kunye nabasebenzi abanokuthembeka, abangazinzi, okanye abanomofutheli.

Iinkqubo Zolawulo Neenkqubo Ezintsha ZobuGcisa

Ushishino lobugcisa, kunye neglafithi yayo yetshati ye org kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo yekhefu engapheliyo, isoloko isithi iye yabulala iEspada endala. Enyanisweni, amandla angacwangciswanga abhekisa kwimitshato kunye nezoshishino, ngelixa abasebenzi bezoqoqosho besenza iklasi entsha enezinto ezimbalwa zokukhusela. umbutho ozalisayo unokuba ligobe, ligobe elibukhali, elibukhali. I-ambricrics isaqhuba abasebenzi ukuba basebenze iiveki ezingama-80 zeveki bezama ukusukela ukhetho lwe-stock, ngoxa ukusinda kuthetha ukuphepha ukudinwa nokukhutshwa.

Ukulwa Ngeemfazwe Zezobupolitika

Izobupolitika zedemokhrasi, phezu kwazo nje iinjongo zazo zokulingana, yimfazwe ekrakra ye-Espada. Inkamkelo ngamadabi aphembelela impembelelo, kwanaphakathi kwamaqela, amaqela alwela isikhundla. Upolitiko lwangoku kufuneka asoloko ekhokela imigangatho yabanikeli, abangenisi-mikhosi, abalawuli beqela, nabavoti, apho ukuphambuka nje okukodwa kokungqubana nekrele. Ukuvela kwepopulism kungachazwa njengesingquzulisi esikhulu ngokuchasene neenkcubeko eziye zalibalibala ukuba ekugqibeleni kuxhomekeke kwimvume yabalawuli.

Izinto Eziphazamisa Ingqondo: Isizathu Sokuba Silwele Ukuba Ngumntu Othile

Uqhutyo lokunyuka iEspada asilosithethe nje kuphela; lusekelwe ngokunzulu kwinzululwazi yengqondo yabantu. Inzululwazi yendaleko icebisa ukuba ukuphakama kwesikhundla esiphezulu okunika ubomi neenzuzo zokuzala, ifuna intlonelo nempembelelo. Uphando lokungamkeleki lubonisa ukuba ukuchaswa kwebutho labantu kubangela ukuba iintlungu zomzimba ezifanayo zomzimba zisebenze, ngoxa isimo sikhutshwa yi-dopamine. Oku kusetyenziswa kwebhayoloji kwenza i-dial ibe ngamandla amakhulu okulwa nokukhusela abantu.

Inkxalabo Ngemeko Nemiphumo Yayo

Isithandi sobulumko uAlain de Botton ukusebenzela ukuxhalabisa kutyhila ukuba unxunguphalo lwethu ngendawo yethu kwiqela lemigangatho yesibini lusoloko lusibangela uxinezeleko. Kwimimandla apho impumelelo yezinto eziphathekayo ithelekiswa nokubaluleka kwabantu, umzabalazo awubi nje wezinto eziphathekayo kodwa ubangelwa kukuzichaza ngokwayo. Oku kubangela ukusetyenziswa, umsebenzi, kunye neengxaki zempilo, ibonise ixabiso eliphezulu leEspaca yale yale mihla.

Iingxaki Ezingokweengqondo Nexabiso Lomdla

Ukunyuka ngako konke kwequmrhu lemfundo kuphakamisa imibuzo yemilinganiselo yokuziphatha. Ingaba kuyamkeleka ukuthatha inyathelo kwabanye ukuze banyuke? Lunini ukhuphiswano olusempilweni olutshabalalisayo? IEspada isoloko ivuza abo bakulungele ukulalanisa nemigaqo. Amahlazo equmrhu eebhanki kaEron noTherano, ukonakala kwezobupolitika eWatergate, kunye nokuxhatshazwa kwecawa ngokufihlakeleyo yi-hearchidism, zonke ezibonisa ukuba ikrele lamandla lidla ngokubangela ilahleko yokuziphatha. Ibutho elisebenzayo limele lifumane iindlela zokufaka iminqweno yempatho ngaphandle kokuphelisa imilinganiselo engundoqo.

Ukusebenzisa IEspada: Iindlela Zokuphumelela Ngaphandle Kokulahlekelwa Ngumphefumlo Wakho

Ngoxa iindlela ezininzi zolwazi zixhasa amaMachiavellian, ukukhulela phambili ngenkqubo yabefundisi kufuna okungaphezulu kunokungabi nalusini. Ubulumko beemvakalelo, ukwakha ulwalamano lokwenene, nodumo lwengqibelelo lunokuba luncedo olude. Iinkokeli ezikhonza amaqela azo, kunokuba ziwasebenzise, zisoloko zivelisa impembelelo ehlala ihleli. Ingcamango “yobukhokeli” iguqula ikrele lesithethe: amandla aphuma ekunikeni abanye amandla.

Ukwakha Ikhowudi Yobuqu

Abo baqhuba iEspada ngempumelelo ngaphandle kokusetyenziswa yiyo basoloko besebenza ngeseti ecacileyo yemilinganiselo yabo yobuqu. Bayazi ukuba kukutyhalela nini kwaye nini ukunikezela, xa amabhongo kufuneka anqumame, kwaye xa usukelo lungakufanelanga ukunyuka. IMentoripship, ukuzikhetha okungeyongozi, kunye nothungelwano olunamandla loontanga lunika zombini ukhokelo noxa kujongo.

Ufundisiso Lwetyala: IEspada Ekukhuleni Nokuwa KweEron

Ukuwa kukaEntron ngo-2001 ngumzekelo wencwadi esetyenziswayo wokungapheliswa kwemilinganiselo yokuziphatha kunye neqela lezabelo elivuzwayo. Impucuko yenkampani yokudlala ikhuthaza abaqeshwa ukuba basebenzise imali kunye nokufihla amatyala. Inkqubo ye “state”, ebhiyozela abavuzi abaphezulu kwaye ikhuphe abacuphi abaphantsi ngonyaka, yadala i-Espada ekhohlakeleyo ekhohlakeleyo. Ukuzikhutshwa kwempumelelo nokufumana ingeniso yangena endaweni yolawulo kunye nokuthembeka. Ikrele lawa kungekuphela kwabasebenzi abasebenzi abangamawaka nababethwali abaphulukanizinto zonke. Enron ibonisa ukuba xa i-campasi yezolawulo zokuziphatha, ngokungenakuphepheka

Ikamva Leentshaba Ezingalawulekiyo Kwixesha Eliqhelekileyo

Ubugcisa bamanani buphinda buguqule iEspada. Umsebenzi okude, i-gig, kunye nemibutho ezimeleyo (DAOs) icebisa izinto ezichuliweyo apho igunya lisasazwa khona. Kodwa, kuvela abaphathi abatsha: abaphembeleli abanezigidi zabalandeli, i-algorithm elawula ukubonakala, i-homistring elawula ukubonakala, i-data-enza i-aglometive. isiphelo se-CRC sisoloko sibhengezwa, kodwa abantu babonakala besenza kwakhona iinkqubo eziphezulu kuzo zonke iindlela ezintsha. Ucelomngeni kukuyila i-hrierriarchiss ezithis ezithi hlisa ingcinezelo ngexesha lokulungiselela ukwenziwa komanyano.

Ukuzimela ulawulo lobuKhangeli

I-Sspada yexesha elizayo kufuneka iquke ulwahlulo lokwenene lwenkqubela-phambili ukuba ikwazi ukuphepha ukungaguquguquki kwexesha elidlulileyo. Ukubonakala ngaphaya kwentsingiselo, ii-drowas ezisekelwe kuhlanga, ubufana, kunye neklasi ziyaqhubeka zinyukisa ibala lokudlala. I-Espada yexesha elizayo kufuneka iquke isclerous brackey yokwenene kunye nokufikelela okungaguquguqukiyo kwexesha elidlulileyo. Ukubonisa ngaphaya, iingcaciso, kunye nenkqubo zokulandelela ngoxolo zibalulekile ekuthinteleni ukuba lisixhobo esinelungelo elinyusiweyo kuphela.

Oko Sikufundayo Kwimbali

Ngokuphindaphindiweyo, abo basebenzisa ikrele lamandla bayalibala ukuba kwanabona krele libukhali linokujikwa kubo. Ukuwa kobukhosi, ukupheliswa kweenguqu, nokuwa kwemibutho yonke ifundisa ukuba ukusinda kwequmrhu lecawa kuxhomekeke kubuchule balo bokuziqhelanisa nokuhlonela uluntu lwazo zonke ezo zigaba. Ukukhuthuzo lumele ludityaniswe nobulumko, yaye ukusinda kungabi yenye injongo; kungenjalo, iEspada iba yingqwabalala ekugqibeleni eyaphuka.

Isiphelo

IEspada, njengesifaniso senkxwaleko ephambili yephulo kunye nokusinda, ayifani nexesha elidlulileyo. Limandla anamandla abangela ukuba imibutho yethu, iphembelele amaphupha ethu, kwaye ivavanye nobuntu bethu. Ukuqonda imvelaphi yayo, amagwegwe ayo, kunye nendlela ebonakala ngayo namhlanje kusinika amandla okuyiqhuba kakuhle — nokuba siyanyuka, sigcina, okanye siyayihlaziya ileli. Ikrele lamandla liya kusoloko likho, kodwa indlela esiwasebenzisa ngayo, nendlela esizikhusela ngayo kwimigatho yalo, sihlala sisenza ukhetho lomntu olucacileyo.