anime-in-global-contexts
IApproay of Environmentalism Nokhuseleko Lwakhe Kwimifanekiso Yakhe Eshukumayo
Table of Contents
Igama lika Hayao Miyazaki livakala ngaphaya kwembali yoopopayi; liye lafana nento enzulu, phantse intlonelo yokomoya yendalo. Njengonobangela we Studio Ghibli, uMiyazaki akayilanga nje kuphela ezinye zezona filimu zibukekayo nezinomtsalane ezibonakalayo nezingokwemvakalelo kwimbali yomfanekiso wemifanekiso efihlakeleyo kodwa iye yadibanisa umsonto ongaguquguqukiyo wemeko engqongileyo kunye nokuzinziswa kwemibhobho yemi. Umsebenzi wakhe awuneliswanga nje kukuveza iindawo ezintle; usebenza njengendlela eqinileyo, ukucamngca ngolwalamano olude noluntu. Ukusuka kumdlalo we-athoba lwasemzikothoba [FLD: 0] u-NUSLAYIM [1] kunye nocelomngeni lwaleenjiko lwaleenjiko lwangoku.[2]
Into eyenza uMiyazaki ahluke kwezinye iincoko ezininzi ezithetha ngemekobume, kukuntsonkotha kombono wakhe. Akavumi ukunikeza izisombululo ezilula okanye ukuchaza uluntu njengobugqwirha obuqhelekileyo. Endaweni yoko, ukuchaza kwakhe kusoloko kuchaza indalo yembono exhomekeke kwenye: umnini-mizi-mveliso, umlweli-mfazwe, uthixo wehlathi wamandulo, kunye nomntwana obona ihlabathi ngamehlo angafihlwanga. Oku kudibeneyo, kudityaniswe nobuchule obungathethekiyo nokuqwalasela okugqithisileyo kwendalo, kwenza isigidimi sendalo singabi sisixhobo sokufundisa kodwa sibe ngamava amnandi. Kwixesha lemozulu, iphinda iMizaki ye-Mizaki intanda-ntanda-bulumko ye-Snefilim, kodwa umbono wethemba elineengziphelo, ink enzulu, noonkcubangth symo.
Ukungqongwa Kwemeko - bume Njengengcamango Efihlakeleyo Kumsebenzi KaMiyazaki
Inkxalabo yemeko- bume kaMiyazaki asiyonkxalabo ephezulu kodwa yintsika esisiseko yembonakalo yehlabathi lakhe, elwaziswe ngokunzulu ziinkolelo zobuShinto bomthonyama baseJapan. Iifilimu zakhe zisoloko zisithi indalo ayingovimba ofanele ukuphathwa kodwa yinto ephilayo, ekwaziyo ukuhlonelwa kwanoloyiko. Le mbono iguqula ihlabathi lakhe elichuliweyo libe ngabantu abakwilungelo labo, abanokukhulisa, barhoxe, okanye baphinde bafune ukulwa ngogonyamelo nxamnye nemibhobho yabantu.
UbuShinto Obungahlonelwayo Nobungcwele Bendalo
Impembelelo yeShinto, enenkolelo yayo [[FLT: 0] kami (imimoya) ehlala kwizinto zendalo njengemithi, imilambo, namatye, izala iMayazaki ithelekisa imbali kaMayazaki. iPrincess Monokoke[[[FLT]]], iHlat Forests [iign , ingumqondiso ogqibeleleyo wendalo: ukunikela ubomi, ukufa, ukutshintsha kwakhe kobusuku okuquka umjikelezo wendalo nokubola. Ihlathi ngokwalo alikho ubukho obuthunyelwa kodwa ligcinwe ngoothixo abathunyiweyo kunye nebhozo ezidusi. Oku kubonakalisayo oko kuyingozi kwendalo, okungako kukwakubonakalisa ukuchasana kwemekobume yendalo, ukuchasana nokungangcwele kobumoya. [Kwane-Fothrometo:] [Foth], i-everse.[5]
Ukwanda Kokwenziwa Kwemizi - mveliso Nemfazwe
KwiMiyazaki, ukonakaliswa kwemekobume kudityaniswe ngokungenakuhlukaniswa nee-injini ezimbini zemisebenzi kunye nezomkhosi. Ezalwa ngowe-1941, ubuntwana bakhe baphawulwa kukutshatyalaliswa kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II, intlungu eyathi yaguqula kakhulu uthandabuza lwakhe kwinkqubela-phambili yobuxhakaxhaka. Kwimifanekiso yakhe, i-ass hyplorborn project, i-atting, ukwakha izixhobo, kwaye ukwandisa ulawulo lomntu phantse luboniswa njengesixhobo sokonakalisa ihlathi. Ikrele, i-Mfeasters Monoke [ ayilo mlothamo wobugrangezo oqhelekileyo; inika ikhusi yemibatha eninzi yemipuljini ye-e. [injini ye-Phondo elikhoyo nengxwervous, i-F4a, i-unyum, i-Elced sy.[4]
Kuhlalutyo lweDimeyithi yeeFilim ezingundoqo: Ifilimu yendalo
Ukuze uyiqonde ngokupheleleyo indlela athetha ngayo uMiyazaki, umntu umele ahlolisise indlela imixholo yakhe eyaguquka ngayo isuka kwifilimu yakhe.
Nausicaä weNtlambo yoMmoya (1984): Iphulo leMidlalo
Nangona isithi qatha isiseko seStudio Ghibli esemthethweni, [[FT:0] Nausiaä litye laseRosetta kwizinto ezisingqongileyo zikaMiyazaki. Ukubeka iminyaka eliwaka emva kokuwohloka kwempucuko, ifilimu iveza ihlabathi eligqunywe luLwandle loHorholo, ihlathi eliyingozi abantu abanokuhlala kulo kuphela ngokunxiba amagqubungelo. Inkoliso yezizwe ezishiyekileyo zijonga ihlathi njengesisongelo sokutshiswa. Noko ke, iPrinces Nausicaä, ngokuthanda kwakhe okunzulu nokunovelwa, ifumana inyaniso enzulu: ihlathi licoca umhlaba namanzi abantu abaphila kuwo. Imfuyo imfumba eninzi eyingozi. Imfuyo eyingozi eyingozi ekwinkquboni yenzululwazi kodwa iyakwazi ukuphumelela inzululwazi yendalo ekhoyo. Ikhova indalo eninzi eninzi ekhoyo, iyakwazi ukunikezela ngemeko eninzi yoluntu, kodwa iyakwazi ukuzenzela indalo eninzi.
IPrincess Monoke (1997): Ingxabano Phakathi Kwenkqubela Nolondolozo
[[FLT: 0] I-Nausticä ingumbhalo othe shwaka, iNkosaphos Monoke ngumsebenzi obalulekileyo apho iMiyazaki imele ukulingana, isidima, noqhawulo lwezithethe zabantu bakhe, ukanti iphuma kwimali yelizwe lakhe eliqhelekileyo, iEspoints eninzi, apho ikhefu ifumana khona imposiso yelizwe, ingcuka khona imposiso yendalo, idelela idengudemon ye-am ye-am ye-athom yelizwe. I-Anglopt , ifumana i-Ashka, ifumana i-emon, i-ekhonto eninzi yendalo, i-Eake, ifumana ingcuka, iin, i-ephaka, i-emon ye-efayike, i-ekhorac'ekhon, ifumana i-ekhonto ekhoyo ekhoyo.
Ummelwane Wam Totoro (188): Umlingo Omfiliba Wecoexistence
Ngokwahlukileyo kakhulu kumadabi anzima [angokonyaka ophezulu]. IiNkosazana ze-Monoke, ummelwane Wazo uTotoro uchaza indawo engqongileyo njengesenzo esizolileyo, esivuyisayo sokuphila kwemihla ngemihla. Indawo yefilimu esemaphandleni e-1950, yindawo elungeleyo yerayisi, imithi yakudala, nemijelo yemibhobhozo, kodwa isekelwe kwimo yendalo ekhoyo yeSayama, imbono yamaJapan yengini phakathi komza ehlalayo kunye nelizwe elithe tyaba elithe tyaba elithe tyaba. UKusbeka ayilwi imfazwe yendalo, kodwa ikho igxatyelene yendalo, kodwa ingulo elikhoyo, kodwa iyakwazi ukuhlaliswa kwelizwe elininzi. Imeko eninzi yendalo ehlala ingumqobo, kodwa ingumqobo, ingulonye yelizwe eliphantsi kwelizwe eliphantsi eliphantsi, kodwa ingumvuvuvukele, igo wale, ingulonye yelizwe eliphantsi eliphantsi eliphantsi kwelizwe eliphantsi eli
Ukupheliswa (2001): Ungcoliso Nokunganyaniseki Kwemimoya
Ethenjiwe. Ithatha indawo yemimoya ekwimo yezulu ijonge imongo yale mihla, isebenzisa indlu yokuhlambela yemimoya njengesixhobo sokuhlola ukugula kwendawo engqongileyo. Enye yezona zinto zingalibalekiyo ibandakanya “umoya omdaka” ofikayo wokuhlanjululwa. Yintaba enesidubedube, ehambisa i-freaw dive engcolileyo. Ngemigudu egqityiweyo yeprotagon Chihiro, imfumba yenkunkuma ikhutshwa kuye: ibhayisekile, isiqaqa, umngxuma wenkunkuma yomntu. Ikhululwe kulo kungcola, ityhilelwe ukuba ibe ligophe elinamandla kwaye ibe sisityebi, ingumoya odadayo, ikhaziweyo, isetyenziswa ngumlambo wendalo, i-Mmagrapt, ngoku i-okthe yakhanyela ngokulula, indlela yokusetyenziswa kwemijeko yendalo ecocekileyo, isetyenziswa yi-enjini edadayo, esetyenziswa yi-ekhozini esetyenziswayo esetyenziswayo, esetyenziswa ngumlambo esetyenziswayo, eninzi, ngenxa yemi
UPonyo (2008): Indlela Oza Kusabela Ngayo Ulwandle Kubantu
Kwisilwanyana, i-ftom-skey, ifunda i-[FLT:[FFF] uPonyo [FFF] umgangatho woluntu [umgangatho ophezulu], uMiyazaki uguqula ingqalelo yakhe kulwandlekazi, kwaye kwakhona, indawo engqongileyo isabela ngokuphawulekayo kumgangatho womntu. Ubawo kaPonyo, iFumpoto, ngumntu oye waguqula umva wakhe ukuze akhulise ulwandle, afumane intlekele yendalo, angayiboni njengendlela elulayo yokuziphindela. UPhunyuko lukaPhuma nomnqweno wakhe wokuvusa isiganeko esikhulu sendalo, ehlisa inyanga kwaye abangele itsuna etsho idolophu. Kodwa, njengexesha eliphantsi eliphantsi kwendalo eliphantsi kolwandle, iyakwazi ukubuyisela intlekele yendalo, lendalo encinane. I-Atoliki ye-Atogrop.
Ukuxelwa Kwezinto Ezibonakalayo Nokuntywiliselwa Kwendalo
Isigidimi sikaMiyazaki semekobume asiquki nje kuphela kwizinto azicebayo; sisekelwe kwizinto aziqhelileyo.
Ubuchule Bomhlaba Ozotywa Ngasandla
Ubuchule be studio bokutsala imvula bubangela ubuchule bokubona obudla ngokunzima ukubuphinda: ubunjani bomfanekiso wekhompyutha, obuqhelekileyo, obunemibala yamanzi, obunemibala emininzi, buzaliswe yiminerali, iinkcukacha ezithandekayo zokunyuka kwengcala emva kwemvula, i-schimer eshushu ehamba ngendlela yasehlotyeni, inkqubo entsonkothileyo yemithi ye-camphor. Le mifanekiso idla ngokuba yi-astyringle, i-afleacsthetics, i-artled eyaziwa ngesiJapan njenge [[FLT:] [FLD]], ithulela enika ababukeli isithuba sokuphefumla nokuhlala kwendalo. Le ndlela ithetha intsingiselo engathandekiyo, ithetha i-athobolorftis. Imeko-me-mes entle ye-afrective ifuna i-flueat.
Uyilo Oluvakalayo Nendalo
Ukuqwalasela imbonakalo yomculo odumileyo uJoe Hisaishi kunye noyilo lwesandi olucokisekileyo olubhekiselele kwimilo yendalo. Ukubetha kwebhrashi ngaphantsi kwenyawo, ukubetha kwe-cicadas ehlotyeni, impempee evakala ngokucacileyo njengomkhwazo. KuMnumzana Wam uTotoro[FLT:], ingoma yengoma yengoma edlalwayo iphoswa kwisandi somsinga obalekayo okanye umhlwa, idala iqhina elihambisana nesithethe esiphakathi kwempucuko nendalo. Xa imowraw Smot ihamba ngendlela efana negrass, isandi esifana nesotyibilikayo, isandi esifana neso lingumbuthumbu emhlophe, isandi esithe .
Imigudu KaMiyazaki Yobuqu Yokwenza Umthetho Nesityhibli
Okubalulekileyo kukuba, imeko - bume kaMiyazaki ayipheli kwindlu yemidlalo yeqonga. ibisoloko ithetha, yaye idla ngokuphikisana, ithetha ngemekobume nezobupolitika zaseJapan, iqinisekisa ukuba unyawo lwakhe lobuqu nolobugcisa luhambisana nokungafezeki kodwa ngokunyanisekileyo nemiyalezo yakhe.
Ngo- 2015, uMiyazaki kunye nomphathi-mikhosi waseGhibli uItahata wasungula iFurusatoto Fund, inyathelo lobuqu lokukhusela iSayama Hills ngaphandle kweTokyo, yona kanye indawo eyabangela ukuba ihlathi le-cameyama lifumaneke i-Adener Totoro[[FOLT:1]. Ngexesha eliqhelekileyo i-FOLT]. Ngendlela ye-Forustotototo Foundation, inguMiya, iGhiyamasbessss noluntu lwasekuhlaleni lwasekuhlaleni luye lwanceda ukucoca nokugcina izakhiwo zelizwe, ukuligcina isakhiwo soluntu esizinzileyo saziwayo, uninzi lwale . Ngokuthe wathetha ngoncedo lwemeko lwemeko lwemeko lwemfazwe, i-Femunvouce, ingqina i-ea, i-eance i-okia, i-octive produa, i-modus, i-mous, i-octive i-ographic, i-ographic yakha ya
Ilifa Nempembelelo Ehlabathini Lonke Kwiingcinga Zemeko - bume
UHayao Miyazaki olifa lakhe kwingcamango yokusingqongileyo alilingani nanto phakathi kwabenzi bemifanekiso eshukumayo bale mihla. Uphumele oko kunokwenziwa zizazinzulu ezimbalwa okanye abaxhasi abaphambili: uye wabangela ukulahlekelwa ngumoya womlambo njengentlekele kuzigidi zababukeli emhlabeni wonke. Isizukulwana sezendalo, amagcisa, kunye nabaphengululi ngoku bakhankanya iiPrinces Monoke [ okanye uNausicaä njengempembelelo eguqula ukuqondwa kwabo kokuntsonka okuziindalo. Umsebenzi wakhe ufundwa kwizifundo zeyunivesithi ukusuka kwizifundo zemifanekiso engokusingqongileyo, apho ixanduva ixandukile ukungavumi kwayo ukulwa koluntu kwindalo yendalo, apho ixabisekelwa ukwahlukana kwayo noluntu kwingcamango yenzululwazi yezopolitiki yendalo yanamhlanje. Ingcamango ye-Melka ngokwayo yen, iye yakha i-ethe yenkculo yobuchule yokuziki elungele ukumelana nokuvukelwa kwenteyiyo elungileyo nokuvu
Iifilimu zakhe zikwabonelele ulwimi olunamandla lwengingqi yengingqi. Umfanekiso wedemon egqumayo, uphawu lwentlungu yendalo oluguqukele ekubeni lubushushu obutshabalalisayo, okanye ukusetyenziswa kwe-Ohmu, kuye kwaba yimifanekiso eqingqiweyo yemeko-bume engaqhelekanga yemeko-bume engaqhelekanga, i-Ohmu, ngokufaka amabali akhe anzulu, asekelwe kwinkcubeko yesithethe, uMiyazaki, udlula isandi somzimba, ugcino-lwazi oluqhelekileyo lolwimi lwendalo oludityanisiweyo kwaye unxibelela ngqo kwimvo yabaphulaphuli yokumangaliswa, ukuziva umva ityala, nethemba. Umsebenzi wakhe ufana nedityaniselwa amandla okuthetha ngebali elingabonisi nje ihlabathi, kodwa ngokukhutheleyo ukubonakalisa imilinganiselo yalo. I-filimi-mfomfomfono ephambili yehlabathi liyifanele ukusetyenziswa, ukukhusela umgangatho wokubulala umgangatho wendlela, ukubulala i-fashoni, ukubulala iifestile zefestile, ukulwa kwefestile kunye nokulwa kwefestile yefestile enyani.