Unyuko lwe-anime lwendlela encinci esuka kwindawo ebanzi ukuya kwindlu yezolonwabo yomhlaba wonke lukwindawo engaphezulu kunee- tropes ezibamba amehlo okanye i-armorm directive. Embindini wokutsala kwayo kazibuthe lusikeka umlinganiselo womntu: ubuchopho bethu buthanda oko bakuqondayo. Iisikhokelo zebali, iintlobo zobuntu, kunye nezigqibo zocwangciso — zibizwa ngokuba zii-tropes — zinika imvakalelo yokuthuthuzela, ngokukhawuleza okanye ukuchaphazamisa iingxobo, kunye nonxibelelwano olukhawulezileyo. Kunokwezinqumla ezincinci ukuchaza udaba oludaliweyo, itropee ezidityaniswe kakuhle kwi-aim esebenzayo njengendlela ethethayo phakathi kwabadali nabaphulaphuli, izingqino zokulungisa, ukudibaniselana kwazo zonke iin.

Ingcamango Ebangela Uyolo Lwabantu Abaqhelileyo

Kutheni ijongile “igosa elinentloko ebomvu" okanye“ umfundi othunyelweyo othe watshintshelwa kwenye indawo” eziva anelisekile ngoko nangoko? I-Cobrectry ikhomba kwi--expolation isiphumo sento ekhoyo: abantu bathanda izinto kuba nje ziqhelekile. Xa sidibana nohlobo olubonakalayo, ubuchopho bethu buyilungisa ngokulayishwa okuncinane, ibangela imvakalelo elula esiyichaza njengeyonwabisa. I-Anim ibamba ngophawu olujikelezayo oluthatha ixesha. Uqeqesho luthi lwamathi gam, isivumo sophahla, isivumo esichukumisayo ngesiqu sentliziyo esithe bhabhabhabhayo, sisenza inkumbulo epheleleyo yentliziyo epheleleyo, ngaphandle kokucacisa intsingiselo ecacileyo.

Ingcamango ye projekthi ye-schema ichaza ngakumbi isizathu sokuba i-trolpe isebenze. Iingqondo zethu zidwelisa amava kwiinkqubo zengqondo. I-antime ebhengeza “i-proganonith yi-phantsi kwamandla afihlakeleyo" ngoko nangoko yenza ukuba i-“hero' schema , ivumele ababukeli bacinge ukuba iyabetha kwaye bafake imali ekulweni. Olu lonwabo alucinezeli; luluhlobo lwebali elidibanisa apho abaphulaphuli bengena khona izikhewu, babhiyozela ukuhlawula, kwaye bavakalise ukungxama xa bethwele uthotho - okanye benoyibeka ngobuchule. [FLD:2] ezo zizinto ezithenjiweyo. [FT]

Yintoni Ngokwenene Ekhoyo Kwiintambo Zeentsokothileyo?

I-trope sisixhobo esiphindaphindwayo esibaliselayo — i-archetype yophawu, indlela yokuyila, umfanekiso we-oyile, onentsingiselo eqhelekileyo. Kwi-aine, i-tropes azisebenzi nje kwi-clichés. UClichés usetyenziswa kakhulu ukuya kwinqanaba lokuphulukana neziphumo; ii-tropes zizibloko ezithambileyo ezifumana ubomi obutsha ngomongozo kunye nokubulawa. “umhlobo womntwana” usenokuvela kungceleleko olulishumi elinesibini, kodwa [[FLT:] [[1]] ulinganisela umdlalo, ikhwele, kunye nokukhula kobuqu kobuqu kohlula i-gravlag ukusuka kwi-antlukelo yemvakalelo.

Iintambo zisebenza kububanzi bobude bemihlathi ukusuka kububanzi ukuya ngqo. Iindidi ezibanzi ziquka iziganeko zengxelo ezifana “nohambo lwamarhoro” okanye“ ukugalela kuthetha ubuhlobo” irhintyela lotho lwe-shonen. Ii-tropeen ezininzi ziquka i-intensi ezincinci ezibonisa ubukrelekrele, iiglasi ezityhalela phambili kwiempawu zemvakalelo, iimpondo zempumfo ezisuka kwimpumlo ebonakalisa ukuvuseleleka okukhulu. Ibali laseJapan litsala izithethe zemidlalo exesheni ezimalunga nekhulu-agotom, uluvo olufana nolulo oluthi oluzuzwe lingumfuziselo.

Imvelaphi Yezithethe Zezinqumlisi ZeAnime Ezingapheliyo

Ukuqonda isizathu sokuba ii-trope zivakala ziqhelekile kwi-amime, kuluncedo ukukhangela i-kishōtenketsu, inxenye ye-East Asian throme projects isakhiwo sengxelo (ukuqhamisa, inkqubela, ukujijeka, ukuhlahlelana) eschachew-actrive-drive-censtial types system . Imodelike- eninzi yobomi kunye neyashikekekekei ixhomekeke kwesi sixhobo sokulinganisa isandi esithambileyo, apho i- “intshir" ingeyoyoyokuhlasela kodwa isityhila esincinane esizisa iimpawu ezifutshane. Isiganeko sesikolo, umbhiyonga wobubhiyo, umthendeleko oqhaqhaqhazelisayo kodwa umbane noluko oluqhelekileyo. [KT.2]

Ukongezelela, uthotho lwe-web yemanga kunye nothotho lwezikhanyiso ezilula olubunjwe yitrope yokusetyenziswa. Ezi zinto zisuka kumsebenzi wento efana Shōnen Juk zikhuthaza iindidi ezilula ezithi abafundi behakiswe ngokuzihina: umphikisi, umchasi onamandla, i-maskot, i-arctic. Ezi mpawu zifuduka zihambelana notshintsho, apho zincwengeniswa ngabaphathi kunye nabadlali belizwi. Isiphumo sisixhobo se-pop-defish. Xa uphawu lomfanekiso “uqala uluvo oluneyo oluneyo" okanye utshintsho lwentombazana luqala, abaphula imidathatho yolwimi luqaphele igramsaluthi kwaye lungatyibilika.

Iintambo eziqhelekileyo nendlela ezisebenza ngayo

Iintambo ziyaphumelela kuba zithwala ubunzima obukhulu bokulandisa kwipakethi encinci. Nazi iindidi ezingundoqo kunye neendima zazo ezichaza amabali.

Ingwenya Ekhethiweyo Nezicaka

Nokuba ngumfundi oprofetweyo owehlelwa nguMsindisi okanye umfundi oqhelekileyo owehlelwa kukulawula, i-trope enyuliweyo yakha izibonda ezikhawulezileyo. Inika umboniseli iprojekthi yokusebenza njengomqobo — umntu onomthwalo esiwuhlanganyelayo. Shinji Ikari kwi Neon Genesis Evangelion[ ujija oku kube ngumothuko wengqondo ngokwenza ikamva lakhe libe ngumthombo wengxhwaleko, kodwa kungceleleko olufana uHaro Academia [, IZuku Midoriya's , isimo esikhethiweyo (ukuthabatha konke ukukhuthala) lufumaneka ngemfesane. Itrope lithemba, umnqweno womntu wonke, kwaye umnqweno okhethekileyo, ukwenza ababukeli bemeko lokuqala.

Tsunde, Kuudere, Dandere: Isichazi - magama sikaDere

Iintlobo zophawu ezidibanisa ubutshaba nothando olufihliweyo (tsundere), ezolileyo ngenxa yobushushu obugqunyiweyo (kuudere), okanye ukuthule kwe-introny ngokuzinikela okuneentloni (dandere) zidala iisangqa ezithe ngqo zemvakalelo ezifunyanwa ngababukeli zikhobokisayo. ITaga Aisaka ukusuka IToradora! yincwadi yemfundo ebhaliweyo efihliweyo, isakhiwo sakhe esincinane esisisiphango sekratshi kunye nokunganqabiseki esithi ngokuthe ngcembe kancinci sibangele ukuba abantu bafumane uthando lokwenene. Iyo iya kuqwalaselwa mva yonke imfantala yesixhobo somculo, elandela imaphu ithembisa ukuguqula inkqubela. Olu hlobo lohlobo lwesazi sembali luzakuguqula iprofifi.

Imenter kunye Nearc Yoqeqesho

Umfundisi omdala osisilumko — Kakashi kwi uNaruto, Genkai , Yu Yu Yu Hakusho, Konke Kunokwenzeka kwi [[FLT:] IHero Academia] [[FLT] — iphumeza ngaphezu kokunika amandla-. Umncedisi umele ilifa eligorha limele lidlule, livelise umjikelezo omenyezelayo phantsi komjikelezo. Iingitshayo, ngokunjalo zisebenza njengovuthayo. Banika ubunzima boko lwexesha elizayo kwaye babonise umgudu emva komtsalayo. I-' tppe i-eacess ephuma ngamandla akhuthazwayo, hayi ngesohlwayo.

Iminxantathu Yothando Nobuchule Obuninzi Bokulwa

Itheko lothando kunxantathu ngenxa yokuba likwenza kubekho ingquzulwano yangaphandle. Uphawu olukrazukileyo phakathi kwezilangazelelo zothando ezimbini lubonakalisa iminqweno ekhuphisanayo: uzinzo/inkanuko. inkanuko, ukulangazelela kobuntwana kunye nekamva elingaqinisekanga. Fruits Basket luphakamisa oku ngokudibanisa ukhetho lukaTohhh oluthe ngcembe kwimixholo ebanzi yokwaphula iziqalekiso. Uthando lukwabambisa izibaso ngokusetyenziswa kwempucuko yenqanawa — ukuveliswa korhwebo okunamandla okuxhasa incoko kaninzi emva kweminyaka emininzi emva kokuba ungcelele.

Isithuthi Sobomi Nobuhle BeMundane

Mhlawumbi esona sihlangu sahlukileyo se-trope ngokwenkcubeko, i-ayimi-me--efa yobomi (nezikhonkwane zayo ezifana ne-iyashikei — ukuphilisa) sifumana idrama evenkileni, kwigumbi lokutyela, okanye indlela isibane esiwela ngayo kwidesika yeklasi. iMarch Iza kwi-Monthed njenge Oon[ isebenzisa olu cwangciso ukuhlola uxinezeleko kunye noqhagamshelwano lomntu ngaphandle kwe-mngcamlodrama. Ngokususa i-ma ematshini yokuyila, aba ba-tropes bamema ababukeli ukuba bazifumane ngexesha elizolileyo, besenza umanyano lolwano oluqhele ukufana nezenzo ezingaqhelekanga.

Amandla Obuhlobo Nentsapho Ekhoyo

Izibhengezo ezikhwazayo ze- “nakama” (comrades) kulula ukukhupha i-parti, kodwa i-trope ithetha ngemfuno enzulu yokubakho. Kwibutho apho ulwahlulo lukhulayo, i-anting enyanzela abahlobo bakho bakunike amandla — ngokoqobo ukuhlasela okugqibeleyo — kunika iphupho elithuthuzelayo. Iceba elinye ikhe yakha i1,+ ubukhosi obukwingcamango yokuba iqela lemibhidi yemibhiyo liba olonakeleyo linguwona manyano ungazenzi. Le tropee ezibomvu zikwazi ukukufumana amandla anokusuka nje angasuki nje kuphela kodwa njengamandla okuthembana, umbonise ukukhuthaza ukukhuthaza ukukhuthaza.

Indlela eqheleke ngayo umboniseli wedrive ye-Trops

Ukuzixela Kwangaphambili Intuthuzelo

Asiyonto yonke efunekayo ukuba ibe yindawo ephindiweyo yokujikajika. Oku kukhusela kuvumela ababukeli bangene kwintelekelelo, ngamathamo aphakathi, ukuba ngaba lithambiso. Xa umongameli webhunga lomfundi etyhilwa ukuba agcine iimvakalelo zakhe kumfundi odlulisiweyo, asingomphangi kwaye sihamba sisiya ngakwindawo elula. Oku kwenza ababukeli bakhululeke xa bethe bafelwa.

Uku-ankila Ngokweemvakalelo

Iintambo zisebenza njenge-ankile ezingokweemvakalelo. Isiganeko somsitho ozicimayo sithwala inkumbulo, ukuxinezeleka kwezentengiso, nobuhle obufutshane behlobo. OoMdali bangahlala bekholele amaxhala obuntu obucacileyo phezulu ngaphandle kokufuna ukuvelisa isimo sengqondo sokukrala. “isiganeko ngasinye” sisoloko sifihla amadlala anzulu — izidumbu zityhilwa, zibekwe ngaphandle kokuzinza, izigqubuthelo zoluntu ziyatyibilika. Ngokufaka kwimibutho ezeleyo, i-ayini ekufuneka zifakwe kwimingxube embalwa yamaza nobuso obudide.

Igalelo Lentetho Nebutho Loluntu

Intambo zingubomi bomjikelo we-aimafe fandom. Zinika abalandeli besigama esahlulweyo ukuthelekisa ungcelele, ibhala i-farfiction, kunye nengxoxo ethi “intombi entle” ikwindawo ephezulu. Le ngxaki ididdit imisonto idityaniswa nento encinci enophawu olwanelisayo okanye indlela i-iieeaepai ediance dectives "iptagonontificist" i- trope is apho uluntu luhlangana khona. Le nkcazelo idityaniziswe: ngamaxesha amatsha, ababukeli ababukeli ababukeli abajonge nje nje nje ukuba imephi kodwa ukubona indlela eqhelekileyo ebuyiselwa ngayo. [[FLT:] ii-Database njenge Televis[FLC] olu , oluxwebhu oluphilayo, kunye nezikhatholo lwe-gno- transpolups.

Xa iintambo zihlulwa: Iintambo ezilula, ukukhutshwa kwemingxuma kunye neeHybrids

Umlingo wokwenene uyenzeka xa i-trope iphathwa ngokuzihlola. Ulwahlulo luthatha itrope ukuvavanya oko intsingiselo yayo. Puella Magic Madoka Magica [ luye lukhuphe igrain egqwwwwwww egqwnaw trope ngokubuza ukuba ukulwa okuthe kwakhawulezileyo kuyabiza ngokwenene amantombazana amancinane, endaweni yotshintsho olukhoyo olunentelelo olukhoyo. Ngokufanayo, Neon Evangelion umqhubi wenqwelo-moya] ukhuphindiwe, etyhila okokuba kudilika phantsi kwemfazwe yam. Ezo zinto zibandakanya ukuwenza zonke iinjongo zokucinga, ukujika kwentombazo ze-octive.

Ubophelelo akusoloko kumnyama. I-iskai gente (ithunyelwe kwelinye ihlabathi) imanzi kangangokuba uthotho olufana no . ijijeka ngokuthi uvuko lwe-protagonist lube ngumthombo wengxwelerha engapheliyo kunamandla. [[FLT:]] [ii-kaya-ama: Uthando Yimfazwe luthathe itrope yothando “yayithanda- i-'ant''''''''. ijika ibe ngumthombo wemfazwe yengqondo, apho kuvunywa khona ukuvuma. Ukusebenza okuthe ngqo ngenxa yokuba abaphula umthetho abalawuli bazi. Ngaphandle kwesiseko be- tropt.

Ukuxuba okuqhelekileyo kunika enye indlela. Ungcelele olufana nolokujolisa ux Family [[FLT: 1] u-mash kunye neenhloli synowder, cody, kunye ne tripes ezifunyenweyo, usebenzisa intsika eqheleke kakhulu yoqobo. Umbangi uYor uxande onzima ukuqhelanisa noomama abaqhelekileyo kusebenza zombini iintshukumo zobudoda neziphelo kuba siyaliqonda “ilungu lentsapho elinqunyulwe ngemfihlelo emnyama” kwaye silibukele lihamba kunye nesakhiwo esiqhelekileyo. Umculo ugcina ukugana kuphezulu ngokungavumi ukuba nayiphi na into elindelekileyo ilawule.

Uhlolisiso Lwetyala: Iintambo Emsebenzini Kuludwe Lweendwendwe

Impumelelo yam yehlabathi ingqina ukuba ukuphumeza yinto yonke. Ukuthatha ingoma ngenkani kwenza “uhambo lwamandla” luzive lukrelekrele kwaye lufunyenwe ngokweemvakalelo. Lo mqolo uqinisa ingcamango yokuba igosa liqwalaselwe libutho labantu, ulwaleko lolwalonke, ulwaleko lwalo lwehlabathi lungqina ukuba ukuphumeza isigwebo kuko konke. Imfazwe ye Midoriya ibangela ukuba “uhambo lwamandla luvakalelwe ngendlela engaqhelekanga kunye nengokweemvakalelo.

Attback kuTitan ekuqaleni ichaza “isiseko sokugqibela soluntu trope] — isixeko esirhangqwe ludonga esirhangqiweyo — kwaye siyenza incinwa. Umntu onyuliweyo, uEren Yeager, iimorfera ukusuka kwi-archetlympiral efuna impindezelo kwinto eninzi kakhulu ecacileyo ngokokuziphatha, echaza indlela yokuziphatha ecacileyo esisiseko ye-trope. Le filimu ende inyanzela abaphulaphuli ukuba bajamelane nengcambu yabo, ivuthela iingxoxo zomhlaba wonke kunye nendawo yothotho lwe-tropeavy.

Fruits Basket ithumela isiqalekiso sezodias njengokusetyenziswa kothulelo lwemigqaliselo yemvakalelo yokoqobo, yenza unxantathu wendlela engqukuva kunye “neenqanawa ezinomtsalane” ii-tropes ziziva zibotshelelwe ngokubotshelelwe kwingozi. Inguqu yesilwanyana ngasinye isenza ukhuseleko lobunjani bendlela yokuzikhusela; umboniso ufumana iimvakalelo zayo ngokuphatha isikhokelo se-injini ze-lowdia yengqondo enzulu. Lo bunzulu bugcina iintambo zibuya emva kokuphela kwe-manga yokuqala.

Ikamva Leentsontela Kubude Obukhulayo

Njengoko i-ayime ikhula ngokwenene — isebenza kunye nee-studio zobukho behlabathi kunye nokuququzelela kwe-ovential. I-tropes iza kuqhubeka ziguquka. I-isekekai ayibonisi zimpawu zokulwa, kodwa abaphulaphuli baya befuna ukuba iiprotagonors zithwale ngobuchule behlabathi lokwenene okanye impilo yengqondo. Ezi ziguquko zibonisa iingxoxo zesithethe ezibanzi zamandla, ukuma, nokukhulula.

Ukuqukuqela kwamanani kuchaphazela indaleko ye-trope. Ngenxa yokuba iqonga lidibanisa i-athom ngeziphawuli ze-genre, abadali bangathembela ngabom kwiipateni ezikwaziyo ukufumaneka ukuze bafumaneke. Kwangaxeshanye, umthamo omkhulu okhutshwayo wonyaka okhutshwayo ukhuthaza ukuguqulwa ngokwendlela yomahluko. Ikamva lisenokuba linendlela ezimbini: uthothozo lokutya olunika ukwenziwa kwe-trope kunye nemisebenzi ekhutshwa ngumda owenziwe ngokuyila, zombini zizobamba amandla kulwazi olunye. Okungakhange kunyuke kufuneki yinyaniso engundoqo edityaniswa abantu ngemiboniso, kunye ne-tropee ihlala ikho yezona ndlela zihamba-metho zincinane zezixhobo zanamhlanje.

Amandla Ahlala Ehleli Abangelwa Ziindawo Ezabelanayo

Iintambo ezikwintsontela yokutsala ipeyinti azinamanani epeyinti; zilulwimi olutyebileyo, olubhetyebhetye. Zivumela umntwana okwishumi elivisayo eBrazil nomntu othathe umhlala phantsi eJapan ukuba adibane nophawu olufanayo kwaye azive ekwazi ukufikelela kwiqela elifanayo. Zikhuthaza uluntu, ipetroli, kwaye zisinike amabali aziva engenakuphepheka kwaye engaqhelekanga. Njengoko ingcali ikhula, incoko phakathi kwe trope nabaphulaphuli iza kukhula — ukunxibelelana ngeli, ulwaneliseko, kunye nokumangaliswa okuhlala kusenza omnye wezona ndlela zokubalasayo ezikhuthazayo ehlabathini.