Samurai code yeBushido yakafadza vateereri kwenguva refu munyika yose, uye mabasa mashomanene etsika dzakakurumbira akaunza mipimo yawo yakaoma kuupenyu zvakajeka semanga nenhevedzano yeaime . Ruurouni Kenshin[. Bushido] chaizvoizvo “nzira yomurwi” haisati iriwo zvayo tsika yehondo yakaumbwa nechiratidzo chehondo yeJapan yakatanhamara kwamazana amakore. Kupfurikidza nenhau yeKenshin Himura, aichimbova murwiridziki, nhevedzano inonzvera rukudzo, kuvimbika, tsitsi, uye muitiro wamarwadzo wekuyananisa. Iyi nyaya inonzvera chinjo yenhau yeboka rehondo, yeboka reTurmu, yeMicheni yeMitengo, yemichero, yenhau yeChichemi, yeChichemichi [R] uye yeChipo chazvinodzorwa naKen: [2]

Nhoroondo Yemararamiro Akaita VaSamurai

Samurai yakavamba sevarwi veruwa mukati menhambo yokupera yeHeian (794-1185) uye zvishoma nezvishoma yakasvika pakukurumbira seboka renzanga rakasiana. Pakasvika nguva apo kamura shogunate yakavambwa muna 1192, ivo vakanga vava mauto makuru, vakasungwa nemhiko dzokuvimbika kudaimyo (madzishe echifeya) mukutsinhano nenyika kana kuti machikwikwi. Ava varwi vapakuvamba vairarama munguva yerwisano iri pedyo nenguva dzose, umo unyanzvi hwehondo nembiri yomunhu oga zvakanga zviri zvitedzo zvikuru zvefanidzo yomunhu. Bva kwakanga kuri mukati menguva refu yorugare rweEdo (1603-18) kazhinji kazhinji kazhinji vaidana vaTokugawa.

Kubatana kweJapan pasi paTokugawa Ieyasu kwakabvisa hondo huru, kuchishandura samurai kubva kuvarwi vehondo kuva vadzori vemasangano enzanga. Pasina hondo dzokurwa, boka rehondo rakatarisana nenjodzi. Mumhinduro, vazivi navakarega samurai vakatanga kubudisa uzivi hwakachengetedza mudzimu wehondo apo vaichichichichichinjira kunzanga yehondo. Mabasa akaita seYamato Tometo Totototo’’s [FLTLT:0] yaizozivikanwa sebut: Hagature naMusto Musshia [Mazishi] Bhuku yaRute-5 [FT].[FLT]

Kuitwa Kwedukido Munguva Dzorugare

Pamberi penhambo yeEdo, tsika dzechirwi dzakasanyorwa zvikuru, dzakapfuudzwa nomuromo kana kuti kupfurikidza nomuenzaniso. Kutsiga kwakati kweTokugawa shogunate kwakaparira kuti tsika dzamabhuku umo samurai dzaigona kurangarira icho kwaireva kurarama ndokufa norukudzo. Hakutakusi kurumbidzwa kwokuzviuraya asi kutsunga kuti murwi anofanira kugadzirira upenyu hwake panguva ipi neipi, achisunungura kubva mukutya kuti kutongwa kwake. Panguva ino, [FLD] Bhuku rakakurumbira raRumerai raRutemia raionekwa murufu.]

Aya magwaro haana kutaura nenzwi rimwe, uye Bushido akanga asati atongova bumbiro remitemo rimwe rinodzorwa nomutemo. Panzvimbo pezvo, yakanga iri donzo raishuviwa iro raisiyana nenharaunda nedzinza. Pakasvika pakati pezana ramakore rechi19, zvisinei, mufungo weweeto yehondo yakabatana wakanga wava shoo ine simba. Unhu hwakabatanidzwa naBushido·rust, ushingi, ruremekedzo, kutendeseka, uye ruvimbiko rwairangarirwa somupimo uyo mupimo upi noupi unoyera samurai anofanira kushuva.

Kunaka Kwebushido

Kunyange zvazvo dudziro dzichisiyana, mavara anotevera anooneka nguva dzose muzvinyorwa zvenhau uye gare gare Victorian-era tsananguro dzakadai seNitobe Inazō’s conigodo: Mweya weJapan[:

  • [ Rukudzo (Miyo):[[[FT: 1] Mukurumbira waSamurai wakanga uri chinhu chake chinokosha zvikurusa. Kudza zvisarudzo zvakatungamirirwa uye zvakabatira senhovo mukurwisana noumbwende. Kuzvidza kungagona kuva kunoparadza kwazvo zvokuti kuzviuraya kwomuitiro (seppuku) pane dzimwe nguva kwairangarirwa semushonga bedzi.
  • [[FOLT: 0] Holy (Chūgi):[[FUT:1] Kutendeka kuna ishe wako norudzi rwakanga rwakakwana. Samurai yaikarirwa kuita mirairo yatenzi wake pasina kuzengurira, kunyange kusvikira pangozi youpenyu hwake amene, uye kuramba akatsiga munhamo ipi neipi.
  • [[FLT: 0] Kupa ushingi mukurwisana: hwakanga huri rutivi rumwe bedzi. Ushingi hwechokwadi hwakarevawo kuita chakanga chakarurama kunyange apo chakanga chisingadikanwi, kutarisana nezvinetso zvetsika neperero, uye kutsungirira nhamo pasina kunyunyuta.
  • [[FLT: 0] Kukweva mudzidziso dzaConfucius [[FL:1], Bushido akaomerera kuti murwi anofanira kuva nengoni nomutsa. MuSamurai akashandisa simba rake kudzvinyirira vasina simba akanga asina kufanirwa nezita rechiratidzo; vatenzi vechokwadi vaitarisirwa kudzivirira vasina betsero.
  • [[FT:0] Kutendeseka (Makoto): Kutendeseka nokunanga zvakanga zviri zvinokosha. Shoko raSamurai rakanga riri chisungo chake; kuputsa chipikirwa kana kuti kutendeukira kurunyengeri nokuda kwemhindu yomunhu oga kwakasvibisa zvechigarire.

Idzi nheyo dzakanga dzisati dziri dzenhando. Dzakabatanidzwa mumiitiro yezuva nezuva, kuvambira pamutambo wetii nomuitiro wokunyora mifananidzo izvo zvakakudziridza kurangarira kusvikira kutsika dzakarongwa dzaidzora kufambidzana kuri kwose. Denho, zvisinei, yaiuya apo idzi mavara airwisana nomumwe nomumwe kana kuti neidi renyika inochinja iri pakati pe Ruuroni Kenshin[FL:1].

Rurouni Kenshin: Chidzitiro cheSamurai Ethics

Ruronin Kenshin, yakagadzirwa naNobuhiro Watsuki, yakagadzwa munguva yapakuvamba yeMeiji, nguva apo Japan yakanga iri kumhanya kuti iite pashure pamazana amakore akaparadzana. , Kenshin Hitura, akambozivikanwa saHitoiri Batōsai, muurayi wengano ane munondo wakaveza nzira yehondo yemubatanidzwa weimba mukati mehondo yeBakamatsu. Apo nhevedzano inovamba, Kenshin anenge abvisa chipfura chake chokuuraya uye zvino adzunga nharaunda yesango neakabatō. Chipikirwa chake hachitongourayazve nzira yokurwisa nayo hondo, anotonga murwi wetsikanondo: apo anotonga muveri wemi weropa rake, iye anofanira kukunda munhu anotonga mupfumi.

Chishandiso ichi chinorondedzera chinobvumira Watsuki kuedza nheyo dzeBushido nezvinooma kunzwisisa zveruzivo rwokuzviwanira rwomunhu.rwendo rwaKenshin harusi kurumbidzwa kwakananga kwebumbiro remitemo reSamurai.

Nzira yaKenshin: Rukudzo, Yananisiro, uye Bharadhi Yakadzokazve

Kuramba kwaKenshin irudzi rwake amene rwokukudza. Uko Bushido yakakurumbira zvikuru kupfuura zvose, Kenshin anotsvaka kutendeseka kukuru, kwapachivande. Anonzwisisa kuti upenyu hwaakauraya hahugoni kudzorerwa, asi anotsaurira kuvapo kwake kudzivirira vasina mhaka sechimiro chokuyananisa. Uku rukudzo rwakaisvonaka: haruchisirizve pamusoro pameso enzanga asi pamusoro pehondo yomukati nerima romunhu amene. Nguva iri yose Kenshin anokweva sabata, anozviisa mungozi kudzorera kurudzi rweropa rinotonhorera. Ruvara rwaadzokoroko runoshanda sechiyeuchidzo chaidzosero kuti chinangwa chake chinochengetedzwa, hachiparadzwi.

Ichi chimiro chinoratidzira runako rwetsitsi. Mukurumbira wakawanda wenhau muSamurai wakakurudzirwa kudzikamisa simba ravo rokurwa nengoni, asi Kenshin anorangarira mufungo wacho zvakanyanyisa kupfurikidza nokubvisa chisarudzo chesimba rinouraya chose chose. Kurwa kwake kunova miedzo inotyisa younyanzvi uye ichadaro: anofanira kubvisa vavengi nokukurumidza kudzivisa kurasikirwa kupi nokupi kwoupenyu, kunyange kana vachibata navavengi vasingazvidzori zvakadaro. Nhevedzo yacho inopa mubvunzo unonyandura: Ko murwi anogona kuomerera kukukudza nokudzivirira vamwe pasina kutongotendeukira kurufu?

Kuvimbika Nokuoma Kwakwo Kunzwisisa

Munhambo yemagariro echikwata, kuvimbika kushe wako kwakanga kuri pfundo guru rokuzivikanwa kwamambo. Kudzorerwa kwaMeiji kwakaputsa utungamiriri ihwohwo, kuchisiya varwi vachikukurwa. Kenshin anowana ngwariro itsva nokuda kwekuvimbika kwake mumhuri yake yechimbichimbi paKamiya dojo: Kaori, murayiridzi womudzimu kenjutsu uyo anomupa musha; Yahiko, mukomana nherera anoshuva kuva nomurangariro wesamurai; Sanukoke, murwi wemugwagwa nepfungwa yakakomba yeruramisiro; uye Megumi, chiremba ane unyanzvi hwokuporesa muviri sepo weKenhin. Uyu “Kshimi anoratidzira rudzi rwakasarudzwa, kwete kubatanidzwa neropa kana kuti namaidikaro anoitwa neboka.

Vamwe vatambi vanotsigira kuvimbika kwegamuchidzanwa rekwaivo netsika dzakasimba zvikuru. Saitō Hajime, aichimbova kaputeni weShinsengumi . uto rakavakirwa paKyoto-joto iro rinodzivirira Hurumende yeTokugawa (inochengeta ruvimbiko rwake rwakakwana kumurangariro we “Aku Soku Zan” (Savanya Evil Posapita-nguva. Kunyange munguva yazvino, Saitō anoshanda somumiriri wehurumende anobvisa matsotsi pasina kupokana. Iye anorangarira kuti Kenshin haai mhiko yesimba nene ngozi, bva goverano mbiri ruremedzo rwakasimba rwakanga rwakavakirwa muvadarikidzano yavo yakare inotyisa. Tsikiro yeSaitō ichiratidzo chebasa rekare reSaikdo: basa rakanaka risina tsitsi. Kukwirira pakati pezvizivisosososososo nero chaSairoiro chamabhini inozivisa kuva nechenzi rune kuvimbika.

Kudzorerwa kweMeiji: Kunopesvedzera Samurai

Meiji Reformation (1868) yaimanikidzwa kuwana zvokurarama nazvo izvo zvakaparadza boka ravaSamurai. Hurumende itsva yakabvisa nzvimbo dzehurumende dzechiuto, yakapinza unyoreso, uye yakabvisa varwi vakakwirira venhaka yavo yaishandiswa uye maruramiro okutakura minondo muruzhinji. Yaichimbova samurai yakamanikidzirwa kuwana zvokurarama nazvo savashambadzi, kana kuti mapurisa. Vazhinji vakashatirirwa shanjero yazvino uno yavaiona sokutengeswa kwomweya weJapan, kuchitungamirira kukumukira kwakadai seSassama Revolution ya1877, chimiro chokupedzisira cheSamurai yegamuchidzanwa.

[[FUMMAtsu] Rurouni Kenshin [[FLT: 1] anosveta mashoko iwayo enhau mugadziriro yayo. Kenshin amene akarwira rutivi rweImperial mukati meBakamatsu, kuzoziva bedzi kuti hurumende itsva yakanga ichigona uori noutsinye savakura. Mhaka yake inobva muzivo yokuti kuuraya kwake kwakabetsera kubereka hurumende yaizorega nokutambudza varwi vayo vamene. Sakasaishio Makoto, aichimbova mubati akashambadzirwa nehurumende yeMeiji uye akasiyiwa nokuda kwevakafa, munhu anoparira hasha dzaavo vakaraswa nenhau. Shioshi anokanganisa kubereka kwaBrushdoa kwakakomba kwokupukunyuka kwaAngleenne simba.

Nokudaro nhevedzano yacho inoshandisa mugariro wayo kwete chete sechiso asi seinjini yenhau inosunda munhu ari wose kunangana nomubvunzo mumwe chetewo: Chii chinova cherukudzo, ruvimbiko, uye basa apo nyika yakavasika inenge isati ichiripo?

Misoro Mikuru MuRurouni Kenshin Nemidzi Yayo Yebushido

Kupfuura nhevedzano yaro yezviito nechinoitika chenhau, Ruurouni Kenshin inoruka misoro inoverengeka inotapura zvikuru gamuchidzanwa reSamurai apo anenge achikurukurawo funganyo dzapanguva ino.

Chinjo Nokuchinja

Kuchinja kubva kuEdo kuenda kuMeiji idimikira rokuchinja kwomunhu oga. Kurwisa kwaKenshi kubudisa kuzivikanwa kwake saBattōsai chiono cheJapan kurwisa kwokuzvichenesa amene pasina kusiya nhaka yayo yetsika. Bushido, yaichimbova nhungamiro inoshanda nokuda kwavarwi, inova kambasi yomunhu oga yetsika munyika umo minondo iri kutsiviwa nepfuti nesutu dzokuMadokero. Nyaya yacho inokarakadza kuti chinhu chaicho chomudzimu wemurai hachisi mukuwirirana nokuregeredza kwakakomba asi mumano okuchinjira mukuchengeta mipimo mikuru setsitsi neruramisiro.

Mutengo Wechisimba

Kusafanana nezviito zvakawanda zvinonzi aimy, Rurouni Kenshin haashoredzi masimba. Kenshin anotambura nezvinofanana nedzvinyiriro yapashure pekupera kwenhambo: ruoko rwake rworudyi runodedera apo anomanikidzirwa kurwa, uye “Battōsai" munhu dzimwe nguva anotyisidzira kuva anotyisidzira kuvapozve. Vanyajambwa vekare nemhuri dzavo vanoratidzika sezviyeuchidzo zvipenyu zvenhamo iyo masimba masimba anoshayisa. Kunyange vavengi vanowanzoratidzirwa nezvinoparira kuti kuteura ropa kunobereka. Ikoku kunonangidzira nokunangidzira kutsveneswa kwoupenyu hwechokwadi.[1]Nhavi yehondo inofanira kuisa kuuraya, uye kusimbisazve kuti mutoro unopfuudzwa nomunhu anopukunyuka.

Ushamwari Sokuvimbika Kwazvino Uno

Mukusavapo kwamadzishe anoenzana, zvisungo pakati pemhuri yedojo zvinova shongwe huru youpenyu hwaKenshin. Rurouni Kenshin Rimuni] kuvimbika sesimba rinotenderera pakati pevaenzani panzvimbo pokumira kuchibva kunzvimbo yapasi kuchibva kukuva ishe. Ruvimbiko runotyisa rwunonzwa nokuda kwenhaka yababa vake, chisarudzo chaYahiko kuva samurai anodzivirira vakaneta, uye Sanosuke kudisa kumira neshamwari dzake mukurwisana kupi nokupi nokupi. Nhevedzano dzinokarakadza kuti kuzvipira kwokuzvidira kunoitwa kumumwe munhu kunongoita sokungobatanidza nokutsigirana.

Kukudza Kwomunhu Oga Kunorwisana Nekariro Dzakajairika

Vatambi vanotarisana vatarisanazve nemigariro umo rukudzo rwavose netsika dzakavanzika zvinopesana. Kenshin anowanzorangarirwa sembwende kana kuti benzi naavo vanodavira kuti murwi anofanira kuuraya vavengi vake. Bva anoramba kuputsa mhiko yake, achikoshesa bumbiro rake romunhu oga nokuda kwokunyomba vamwe. Uku kurwisana kwomukati kunoratidzira nheyo yokuvimbika yaBhishido: mutambo unofanira kuva wechokwadi kwaari amene kunyange kana nyika ichimurangarira kuva anozvidza.

Tsitsi Sesimba Rechokwadi

Zvichida kududzirwazve kukurusa kweBushido mu Ruurouni Kenshin [ kukwidziridzwa kwetsitsi kurunako rukurusa. Vavengi vaKenshin nguva dzose vanokatyamadzwa kuti iye haasati achitora upenyu hwavo apo anenge ane mukana. Ngoni dzake kazhinji kazhinji dzinoputsa nhambo yamatsive, dzinoshandura vaichimbova vavengi kuva vatsigiri kuva vatsigiri. Ikoku hakuitwi seutera asi sechiratidzo chesimba guru romukati. Samurai anoona sechinhu chinodikanwa kukukwanisa kurwa; Kenshin anoratidza kuti inogona kuva chombo chokupedzisira, zvinobvisa ruvengo nenzira inobudirira zvikuru kupfuura chirati chipi nechipi.

Kukwidziridzwa Kusingaperi Kwebushido Munhau Dzazvino Uno

Ruronin Kenshin haana kutanga kukwezva kwazvino uno nesamurai, asi akaita basa rinokosha mukuparadzira Bushido nokuda kwavateereri venyika yose. Pasidendi anoshanda saAkira Kurosada, Samurai Chamloo, uye mitambo yevhidhiyo yakadai se [[FLTF:]] mutambo weTsushima[[FLT], nhevedzano inoisa mudambiso yavose pamusoro pemitemo yehondo iyo inoratidzika kuva yose iri miviri yavarwi uye inoyemuriro. Chikumbiro mumipiso chayo chamabasa ayo enguva dzose: chizivikato, chiziviso chekunzvera, uye zvikanganiso zvekudzikinura.

Varavi navaoni vanokweverwa kunhau yaKenshin kazhinji kazhinji vanozviwana vamene vachipinza munhau chaiyoiyo iri seri kwengano. Kudzorerwa kwaMeiji, Shinsengumi, uye Kupanduka kwaSassasum hazvisati zvichingova bedzi nzvimbo dzenhau asi misuo yokunzwisisa nhambo inochinja munhau yeJapan. Zvisakiso zvakafanana [[FLT: 0]] Britanica pamisunguro yeMeiji Reconsole [[FLT:]] inogovera mashoko akapoteredza zvikuru, nepo nyanzvi inotsanangura mamiriro ezvinhu e [[FLT:] mitambo yeBHORO] yeBY] yenhaurodiota yenhau [[FLT] .[5]

mhedziso

Mitemo yeSamurai inotsungirira kwete nemhaka yokuti inopa mirangariro yakapfava yetsika asi nemhaka yokuti inorwisana nekusawirirana kusingagumi pakati pebasa nechishuvo, simba nounyoro, gamuchidzanwa nokuchinja. Ruurouni Kenshin [] anotora uku kunyanduka uye inovadzingisa mumavara etsika dzisingakanganwiki uye kudzongonyedzwa nemirangariro, ichiita kuti uzivi hwenhau huve nyore pasina kuhutorera kuoma kwahwo. Kenshinhin inova chiratidzo chokudzokera shure kweMura denda rehondo asi chokuramba kwake kurega kuti rondedzere masimba masimba. Munyika inowanzoratidzika kuva inoraira kunyanyisa, nhevedzano inopa mufananidzo wezvinoreva kupfurikidza nechimiro chahwo.