Kuedza Kwandakaita Kare: Dawn of Japann piging

Kutanga kwemifananidzo yechiJapan kwakabuda muma1910, apo mapiona akafanana naOten Shimokawa, Jun’ichi Kōuchi, uye Seitarō Kitayama akagadzira mafirimu mapfupi akanyarara aishandisa zviratidzo, mashopu echcack, uye mapepa. Aya apakuvamba aishandiswa (kazhinji kazhinji mumaminiti matatu) achinyanya pamusoro pemavhaisi emifananidzo yematoyi nevaudeville, bva yakasima mbeu yechiJapan. Pakazosvika 1917, nyanzvi yokutanga yeaime yakaoneka, ichisimbisa zviidzo zvemabhii sebasa rokugadzira zvinhu. Zvisinei, indasitiri yacho yakaramba ichiita kuti ive mhesano dzehondo. Yaizotora kuderera kwehondo yeMadokero, kuderera kwemari, uye chiremba wemumuoni ai.[8]

Ma 1920 akaona fambiro mberi ine mwero sezvo nyanzvi dzakadai seYasuji Murata naKenzō Masaoka vakatanga kuedza nenzwi, kunyange zvazvo vakurukuri vechokwadi vaisazosvika kusvikira kuma1930. Hurumende yaMasaoka yeTroka Shikara kuOn Oya Naka [1933]) yakava filimu yokutanga yeJapan ine mukurumbira yekurukurirano, yakasvetuka yaida kuvaka zvishandiso zvetsika zvokunyora. Hurumende yema1930 yaizivikanwawo kuti ingagona kubudisa mashoko echigadzirwa, ichituma mafirimu anobva kunzvimbo dzakafanana neGetsusha Echia neShokiku. Nepo uku kugadzirwa kwenguva yenguva yenjiya kwenguva refu kwaichichi kuchiitwa kuti chigadziridziridziridziridzire nokugadzirirwazve kugadzirirwa kwemiitiro. Mabhinerijini anenge akaitwa pashure pokugadzirwa kwehondo, akanga ari mabhirijini adzo, asine purojesimasimasi akagadzirwa zvikuru.

Chinjo yeTezuka: Mushi Kubereka uye Kuberekwa kweAnime Yeterevhizheni

Osamu Tezuka, anowanzorumbidzwa se “Mwari weManga,” akaita zvakawanda kupfuura munhu upi noupi kuti adzorerezve unyanzvi hunotsigirwa nokutengeserana. Pashure peHondo Yenyika II, kugadzirwa kwemafirimu kwakanga kuchinonoka uye kuchidhura, uye hapana munhu akadavira kuti muitiro wevhiki nevhiki weterevhizheni waigona kushanda. Tezuka’s Mushi Production yakachinja kuti ne Astro Boy [1963]. Kuchengeta ndyiko yadzo-ro, state, state yakatanga muitiro [[FLT]] , kuisairira , uye kutsamira pamagariro echino.

Uyu muenzaniso wenzvimbo yamabasa okugadzirwa kwezvinhu wakava mutevedzeri weterevhizheni airema. Mushi Production akatangawo muitiro wokutengesa maruramiro okuparadzira mhiri kwamakungwa, achisuma chikwidziro cheJapan kuvateereri venyika yose. Mabasa akatevera aTezuka akadai se Kimba iWhite Moon [ uye Princesss Knight [[FLT:]] Privelmss Comment [[FLT:]] [FLT]] [FLT]] [irten-dne aintene. Kunyange zvazvo Mushi pakupedzisira akatarisana nokupunzika kwemari, nhaka yayo ihoma huru: yakaparira chiteshi yemariapurepu yeterevhizheni. Nokuda kwenzwisiso huru yeterevhizheni yeterevhizheni, shanyo yezvipoti [FK]

Chinowanzofuratirwa ndechekuti zviitiko zvebhizimisi reTezuka zvinorambwa sei pakurasikirwa nokuchengetedzwa kwemari yomunguva yemberi nemari inogadzirwa nejenis(*) yakava mupimo weindasitiri. Mushi Production’s studio yakarovedzawo chizvarwa chavagadziri vaizofamba paindasitiri, kuvamba Sunhouse, Madhouse, uye dzimwe dzimba huru. Teka amene akapfuurira kuisa basa rayo se [[FLT: 0] Jang Taitei[[FLT:] (65)) muru uye [FLT:] Hayi kana kuti kupfumba kwai. (1967) nokusagona kuvandudza kwapamhi.

Chiratidzo Chokugadzira Zvinhu: Mhinduro Yemajemusi Kumabvazuva

Yakavakwa muna 1948 sezvo Japane Expand Filims uye gare gare yanzi Toei Pogion, iyi stitudio yakaratidzirwa zvakajeka paipi yokugadzira yeDisney. Toei akavaka nzvimbo yokutanga yemikwidza mikuru yenyika, yakakwana nepurogiramu yokurovedza, kamera dzakawanda, uye boka remichina yakaputsa zviidzo mumabasa chaiwo. Rutivi rwavo rwokutanga, Hakujaden [1958], rakanga riri chiratidzo chechiratidzo chakaratidzira maShoringi yevhuro yeJapan yaigona kukwikwikwidzana neswokunze munhau yoruwa.

Toei akava fekitari yakaparira franchis. Ragalon Ball, Chikamu chimwe [, uye Sailor Moon haina kungowana bedzi kumira kwemishamba kwakaipa asi yakasimbiswawo kuvapo kweaice muEurope, Latin America, uye pakupedzisira North America. Chiteshi chakareba chakachinja mufananidzo wetsika yezuva nezuva kuva muitiro wemamiriyoni uye yakatanga hondo yezvokutengeserana. Panguva imwe cheteyo, Toeichichichichichikabatira sechipo chayo chayo: Latin America, uye pakupedzisira kumusoro kweimwe transtisting aiwanwa munhoroondo inokosha. [F]

Kupfuura blockbuster franchisses, Toei akamutsawo “kukamuka kwenguva” nhevedzano refu inodzorwa kuva yakasiana nemisi yapakati-mwaka (inobvumira nokuda kweruramiso yakavakirwa pamhinduro. Purogiramu yehoro yeimba yokurovedza yakaita se Hayao Miyazaki, Isao Takata, na Yoichi Kotabe, vose vakatanga mabasa avo paToi asati atanga mahoroo avo vamene. Kusimbisa mativi emitambo mu 1960 ne 1970 kwakaisawo mapepa akaisvonaka: mabhanziro mafiki akadai se [FLT] projective naHeeth-Exhead [FFOK] [FFF]]

Kubuda Kwezuva uye Kuchinja kwaMecha Genre

Muma 1970, robhoti inoratidza se Mazinger Z uye GORTER Robo [] yakanga yatobata fungidziro dzavakomana vaduku, asi vakatevera nzira inowirirana: muchina wemhare mumwe wokurwa nawo usingakundwi wokurwa nezvikara zvevhiki. Zuva rinosimudzwa muna 1972 neyaichimbova vatambi veforoma. Gundam] [[FLT]] [FLT:] [5]] [79]), Sun yakasuma “chigadzirwa chaichoicho, apo ini ndakanga ndabudisa zvombo zvakawanda, zvakagadzirwa nehondo, zvakakanganiswa nehondo, zvakaitirwa mauto, uye kurwisana.

Gundam akatanga kubviswa nemhaka yemireza yakaderera, asi budiriro huru yezvigadzirwa zvepurasitiki zveBandai (Gunpla) zvakashandura franchize frank ive chitsotsi chetsika nezvemari. Synergy pakati pechimuko neshavo zvakava mufananidzo webhizimisi. Zuva rakanatsa iyi nzira nenhevedzano se Tromorroper Votoms[FLTY:1], [[FLTLT]], Tract [FF:3], uye [FLT] , [FFFFFF:3] , [FFFFF] . . [FLT]

Sunriseive yagadzirwawo mugadziriro yokugadzira. Studio yakanga iri imwe yeyokutanga kuvamba “dare rokugadzira”, umo makambani akawanda (vagadziri vamatoyi, mabhii enziyo) akagoverana ndyiko dzepamberi nenjodzi. Iyi nzira, yakatanga kushandiswa pa [ GUNDAM[[FL:1] [[FLT]] uye gare gare gare yanatswa ne [FLT] [[FY:3] uye [[FLT] Exp] [FLT] [FLT] [FLT] [FL:], inobvumira mitengo yakakwirira uye miuyo inopfurira inopfuvuka. Nemite-kufamba kwemite-pfumba inopfuvura. Kubva kwa 1990, muna 1990, muna Rhounikimeichine, [[5][5]

Kuwedzera Kwechimurenga Nechimurenga

Ma 1980 akaunza bhaisikopo idzva: Fractal Video stigation (OVA). Vakasununguka kubva kumipimo yenhepfenyuro nenzvimbo dzenguva, vasiki vaigona kurongera vateereri nebhajeti yemari yakakwirira paminiti nenzvimbo iri mukati. Boka ravanyanyisi veaine vakanga vatanga nokuita mipfupi mipfupi mishomanene yekokorodzano dzeDaicon yakaumba Studio Gainex muna 1984. Rutivi rwavo rwokutanga, [FLT: 0] Rwoyal Space Force: The Wings of Honêmaise, rwakanga rwuri rwechienzi rwakavaita kuti ruve rwakavaswe.

Gainax yakauya muna 1995 [[FLT: 0] Neon Genesis Evangelion. Hideaki Anno’s decure reconformation yemecha genre yakatsiva hondo dzemagamba nenhamo yendangariro, mifananidzo yerudzidziso, uye nhauro yakakamukana yakaputsa kokorodzano dzose dzeChitanhatu dzevaraidzo. Nhevedzo yakamutsa gakava renyika yose nemari inonangidzira mari, kubatanidza kuputsa kwapavhu kubuda kwe “Eva” pachinko nhaving. Nhando dzinonyanya kubvumikisa kuti, Evangelion yaigona kuva inoraira nokuraira zvemarisando uye inonyandura zvikuru, inonyandura terevhizheni yousiku. Ganda mari inodzokera mumitezo weDNA inopfuutsa shana inopfuurira. [F]

HOVHO pachayo inoda zivikanwo: yakagonesa kushanda kwechiratidzo chenyika se Mega onion 23, Bubblegum Crisis[, uye [[FLT]] Gunster[[[FLT]]], imwe neimwe yakaedzwa nechimiro chenhau nechimiro chemifananidzo muterevhizheni isingagoni kuisa maravitiro. Studios kufanana naAIC neArmmics inobudirira kupfuudzira zvakananga kujekedzerwa, kuita mari inowirirana nezvinotepfekerwa mumasuodhiro ezviwi. Nguva inoonekwawo yokupedzisira. Iyi nhambo yakaonawo kukwira kwe “marecureaute-aute” muncurea, semas Mahishi, Ohitoro, Ohiro, Ohi Amo, uye mishonga yomunhu oga yokupedzisira ichishandiswa mumiteji ino.

Studio Ghibli: Chireyiso Chokuisa Pasi Pose Sechinyamupinyi

Apo Hayao Miyazaki, Isao Takahata, uye mugadziri Toshio Suzuki akatanga Studio Ghibli muna 1985, akatanga kuita mabhaisikopo ayo aibata mifananidzo sechimiro chapamutemo chemazera ose. Ghibli akaramba nhevedzano yakaganhurirwa yeterevhizheni uye yakaisirwa muunyoro, nyika dzinofukidzwa namaoko umo mhepo yose yakafema. Muvakidzani Wangu Totoro chishamiso chounyoro, [[FLT:]] GVRA yezvipembenene zveFiredzi ] yengwavaira yenguva dzose yenguva yehondo. [FLT]

Nzvero yenyika yose yakauya ne Specided Out kunze kweJapan [2001]. , iyo yakawina Academy Award yeChinyorwa Chakanakisisa uye yakava firimu yakakwirira zvikurusa munhau yeJapan. Mafirimu eGhibli akapararira kupfurikidza nemabasa okuparadzira munyika yose uye pakupedzisira kudirana, kusimbisa mukurumbira weaimare kunze kweJapan. Chimiro chedhiyo chakamutsawo uzivi hwechienzi: hapana manyoro akaoma, achibvumira mapikichato kubudisa maoki, mutoo unobudisa maositiki asi kazhinji kazhinji unodhura. Chikudzo chaGhiblic chinoratidza kuti mukurumbira wokuzvikwirira, chinokwanisa kukunda hofisi yenyika yose. Kufungwa kwenhau yacho kunogona kuwanikwa pa [FLT][5]

Chinosiyanisa chikwaniriso chawo chokukweva maoko nechaichovha. Studio yakachengeta paipi yakavakirwa panyuchi yakasanopinda muma 2010, ichingochinja zvizere kumira ne Tale yePrincess Kaguya[ [2013] na[FLT] apo Marnie Aiva Imo[[FLT] [2014]. Uku kuramba kubvumiranisa pane zvemabhaisikoshi kwakasika chiratidzo chakarurama chebasa rebasa, mafambiro emvura, uye ngwariro yakakomba kuchiedza norunako. Gbli yakabudisawo “musiki wokugadzira zvinhu”, uye Tooshiche anoshanda panzvimbo pokushanda. Muteverioki. Muchicerorictos.

Kugadzirwa Kwezvinhu I.G uye Kuchinja Kwemafungu

Pakasvika pakati pama19990, indasitiri yakanga yava parumananzombe rwechinjo yeruzivo rwokugadzira zvinhu. Chigadzirwa I.G, chakavamba muna 1987, chakabata nhambo. Pasi penhungamiro yaMamoru Oshii, Gaffast muShell[ [1995] [95] yakava muvhenganiswa wemifanikiso yemagamuchidzanwa yechinyakare necombing colificing. Mutauro wayo wakavheneka, uzivi, uye kuvhengana kweCG mativi eCG yakapesvedzera kwete bedzi aime asi vagadziri vemafirimu vokuMadokesi kufanana naJames Cameron.

Kugadzirwa I.G yakapfuurira kusunda miganhu ne [[FLT: 0] Broad: Vafar yokupedzisira ne Kumira Mutengi weyamuyoni , kugadzira maturusi emichina emichina aibvumira magiramu emvura okufambisa mabharakitiriya nechiedza chakaoma kunzwisisa zvisingabviri necheroro. Rubudiriro rwenzvimbo yacho rwakaratidza kuguma kwenguva yecel nemavambo emichina yemichina yemadhirobhoti, izvo zvakakurumidza kuva zvinova zvinorevesa muindasitiri. Nokuroora mafi echinyakarefu nefi nemagadzirirwo ezvigadzirwa zvemvura zvekugadzira zvinhu, I.GI yakaratidza kuti kubudirira kugona kutungamirira pane kutevera mitoo yenyika yenyika yose.

Studio yakanyanyowandirwa mumibato yemarudzi ose, ichishanda ne Cartoon Network pa. IMVUMURO itsva yemadhigirii nerokuMadokero pamabasa se. Iyi nzira yokuita nayo mikana yakaratidzwa kuti I , GG kumichina mitsva yokubudisa uye kuparadzira. Michina yemichina, yakanatswa mumakumi maviri emakore, yakava muenzaniso weindasitiri: yakabvumirwa nokuda kwokusaidzwa kwevara, chaivo, uye kuvhenganiswa kwe 2D ne 3D. Chinyorwa chamanyuko. Chinyorwa chamadhiroku, Witudia, gare gare gare kubudisa [Fettan] [F5].[5]

Chiratidzo cheKyoto: Rediefining Storying - Driven Storing

Kyoto Polysition, yakavambwa muna 1981, yakatanga kushanda senzvimbo yokushandira yokupedza nokuda kwemamwe makambani asati atanga makambani ayo amene. Maitirwe estudio akanga akasiana: iyo yakahaya nyanzvi dzemifananidzo dzechiduku savashandi venguva yakazara, yakadzirovedza muchikoro chomukati, uye yakabhadhara mibhadharo panzvimbo pemibhadharo yehranho. Ikoku kwakaparira mhoteredzo yakatsiga, inobatira pamwe iyo yakaisa ruvara rusina mhaka nendangariro padaro rapamusoro.

Miuyo yakanga yakafanana ne [[FLT: 0] CLAND, K'!, uye A Sing Sing wing [[[FLT:], imwe neimwe nyanzvi yemifungo nenhau dzakanyarara. [FLT:] [56] Melcholy yeHaruzuya [[[FLT:]] [2006] (2006] Kubudisa kwokupedzisira kweusiku uye kutepfekerera kwahwo kusingadzoreki kwadzokororwi kwaigona kuva chinoitika chetsika. Kvotochinorondedzerwa cha “manyuko] chisaidzoka [mabhii anobvumikisa kuva chiono chenguva dzose, [FLTLT] mira miraidzo yemichenyuro yezvipo yakaisvonaka yebhizimisi yaigona kuoneka mumugariro mukuru wezvo. Chino inotookedzo yakakwirira kuoneka mumugariro weterevhizheni yeterevhizheni inotooreyi inotooka kunyange kuoneka.

Kudenha 2019 kwearson kwakaparadza nzvimbo huru yeKyoto Oginion yakanga iri ngwavaira yakazunungusa indasitiri yose. Kurasikirwa kwemitezo 36 yavashandi, kubatanidza vatungamiriri vakuru navagadziri, kwakanga kuri chibhakera chinoparadza kunzvimbo inoshandira iyo yaishanda semhuri. Bva kutsigirwa kwavadzidzisi navezerani munyika yose kwakaratidza ruremekedzo rukuru rweKyototo Poto Yave yakawana. Kugadzirwa kweProto kwapashure pekudenha, kwakadai se Mis Kobiyashi’s S[FLT] namarking S uye zvirongwa zvemafirimu, zvinouya, zvinoratidzira kugadziridzwa nokuchengeteka nokuchengetwa kwemie. Kyotookie, maroffai ebasa, anodzidzira basa, uye anodzorwa kudzorwa kupfurikidza nedhirowa kwadzo kunzvimbo yarongedzero inodzosera kunzvimbo yebhizimisi, idzose iri bhizime iri panzvimbo huru zvikuru, uye bhineti.

Madhouse: Muedzi Asingagumi

Madhouse akaberekwa muna 1972 kubva mumadota eMushi Production, akavambwa navagadziri vaida rusununguko rwokugadzira zvinhu. Rusununguko irworwo rwakava chiratidzo chestudio. Madhouse haana kumbogara muchimiro chimwe; panzvimbo pezvo yakava nzvimbo yavatariri vemienwa. Yakaita Satoshi Kon-burming hypisters [[[FLT:]] yakakwana Blue[FLT:] na [FLT:] Picka], chiito chakakomba che [FLT] [FFLT] [FF] [FF].[9]

Kudisa kwaMadhouse kutora ngozi kwaiwanzouya pamutengo wemari, asi kwakasundira munyu mutsva mutsva uye nharaunda inorondedzera. Studio yacho yakanga iriwo muregi wapakuvamba wemibato yemarudzi ose, ichishanda pakuchinja kwechinyakare nokubatira pamwe namatare okunze kwemhiri kwamakungwa. Mubhizimisi raiumba muitiro, Madhouse yakaramba iri shongwe yemifananidzo yeauteur-drive, ichibvumikisa kuti mhatsano imene inogona kuva shopu inotsigirwa.

Uzivi hwokugadzira zvinhu hwakapfakanyika noune. Kusafanana naGhibli’s kiepical folder kana kuti Kyoto’s Fience’s musystem yeIngizini, Madhouse aishanda seboka rezvikamu zviduku zvisingashandiki, rimwe nerimwe richitungamirirwa nemutungamiriri ane udzori hwezvinhu zvose. Iyi nharaunda yakakweva neaurts se Satoshi Kon, akaunza pfungwa dzake ku [FLT:] na [FLT:] Vana [FFFFFF:] vakapiwa zita ramarudzi akawanda, uye Mamor Hosoda, uyo [[FLT:] Aiwarop] akakwenyurwawo mumugwagwa [FFFFON], uye anogara muduct.[3]

Zvinhu Zvinokosha Zvamazuva Ano: Kuchinja - chinja, Kuvhura, uye MAPPA

2010 yakabudisa chizvarwa chitsva chestudio icho chakabatanidza mavara matsva emiitiro nechakavanzika chounyanzvi. [FLT]] [FLT]] yakava zvakafanana nemifungo yakaisvonaka. Kuchinja kwa usiku hwechisarira: Husingaganhuriwi Blade Works[[[FLT:]] nefirimu [[FLT]] Slayer: Mucer: Mugen Comment (iyakava firimu yakakwirira-rosim yenguva yose) yakabatana nechiratidzo chetsika ye 3D yemascamera, michero, michero, uye ruva rweruva rwakaita chinenge chikwa chakaitwa.

Studio TLGY[[FL:1], yakavambwa neyaichimbova mitezo yeGairax muna 2011, yakapinza simba remutangiri wayo mumisoro yakadai se KIll la Kill, [[FLT]]] Bhitch Academia, uye [[FLT] CYM]

Panguva ino, MAPPA (Maruyama stigniting Project Association) yakabuda seimba yamagetsi inokwanisa kubata mabasa akawanda eprofile yakakwirira panguva imwe chete, kubva mumwaka wokupedzisira we Attack paTitan ku [[FLT:]] ku [[FULT]]] Jutsu Kaisen[ uye [[FLT]] .Chainsaw Man . MaP'aronget's anoshanda, , , , akabatanidzwa nemuvhenganiswa wemabhaisiko repachena yemastikiromagence, uye inoita kuti igoveiwo purofitiromewo.

Nguva yazvino uno inobatanidzawo mastudio se BON], yakavambwa naichimbova vashandi veSun tsup muna 1998, yaibatanidza unyanzvi hwemicha nechinhu chinoyerera pamitemo se yaJearmmetal Almism: [, , [INJORN] YAMHURI YOKUVA], uye [[FLT:] MET] 100[FLT][FL:]. inoumba mukurumbira nokuda kwehondo yemazasimu napanyu inopfunga.[10]

mhedziso

Nhau yaAnime haisati iri nhevedzano yebudiriro imwe asi kurukwa kwechinjo imwe neimwe inosundwa nechiono chechienzi chenzvimbo inogadzirwa zvinhu yakatsunga kuita chimwe chinhu chakasiana. Kubva kumienzaniso yakaganhurirwa yeterevhizheni iyo yakaita kuti terevhizheni ibvire, kusvikira kufekitari dzeFrantain, kuchinja chaikoiko kwerobhoti yeSunrise, Gainax decturation yendangariro yeChirungu, Gibli’s univeration, Production I.G’s digiotation, kuscric yepfungwa yeMadhouse, mhando yetsikadzo yetsika dzaMadhouse, uye vagadziri vemichina yeUfolatellia yeUfotable, Trgger, uye MAPPP.

Mastudio akachinja mutambo wacho haana kungogadzira bedzi; akarondedzerazve maitirwe eaime, anobhadharwa, uye anozivikanwa. Nzvimbo dzanhasi dzekuyerera kwemisimu, migariro yezuva nezuva yapasi pose inobudiswa, uye mibato yemarudzi ose inomira pamiitiro yawo. Sezvo ruzivo rutsva rwakafanana nokugadzirwa kwenguva chaiyo uye kugadzirwa kwechinhu chaichoirwo kunopinda munzvimbo, nzvimbo inotemwa yenhau inotoita mafitimeti yayo okutanga, yagadzirira kunyorazve ape aime zvakare. Chidzidzo chisingaperi chenhau ino ndechokuti masangano estudiation-atting, kushivirira kwarwo, uye kudisa kushora kokorodzano yayo, zvinotoda kupfupikisa injini hurusa yemhindumumupinduko mumutauro weJapan.