Kurwisana kwemapanga nounyanzvi hwamano enyika zvakarondedzera imwe yenhambo dzenhau dzakanyongana zvikurusa nedzinopemberera. Kure nokuva muunganidzwawo zvawo wezvirevo zvekare, SUN] Tzu ye "Unyanzvi hweHondo"[ inoshanda sechikamu chedzidzo apo nhau huru yeMaumambo Matatu yakavakwa. Nokuda kwavanyori venhau, navanoshingairira zvakafanana, nguva iri pakati pa220 ne880 AD haisi nhauwo zvayo yemanyuko. Ikirirobhu mhando apo dzvinyiriro yerondedzero yakaedzwa munzizizinzi, nhovara dzegomo, uye matare. Kupfurikidza nokuwadza kwakaisvonaka yeThi, Shu, uye Wu kupfurikidza nedzidziso dzeSung, varatendi vedzidziso dzazvino unopfuvura dzidzo dzazvino unopfuvura zvehondo inogona kupfuudza rondedzero.

Kuparadzaniswa kwoUmambo

Kubvunzurudza nenzira inoshanda munguva ino, munhu anofanira kutanga kunzwisisa kusava nesimba kwakaparira makwikwi. Kuwa kweHan Dynasty kwakanga kusiri chinoitika chechienzi asi kuora kurefu, kunorwadza kunoparirwa nengomwa dzakaipa, nzara yemuchetura, uye nhevedzano inoparadza yeYellow Turban Reging. Sezvo chiremera chehurumende chikuru chakaparara, vatongi veruwa navakuru vehondo vakachinja kubva mubhureaucrates kuva vatungamiriri vehondo, mumwe nomumwe achisundwa nechirevo chokudzorera nhevedzano yehondo yakashata nechimiro ichocho.

Chinoyera chakaitwa kuti chidzikame zvikuru pakupedzisira chakanga chadzikamiswa. Cao kumusoro kwakaraira pfuma huru nesimba ravanhu, kubata mambo kuti atendere kutonga kwake pasi pomureza weHan. Liu Bei , ichitaura kuti iropa kumhuri youmambo, yaivimba nevhu rakakwirira retsika uye zano rakaisvonaka raMakoronio kuti achengetedze nzvimbo yenyika dzeShu. Panguva ino, [[FLT] Quan [FFF:5]] mumaodzanyemba yakashandiswa mudendemurove weIdzi, yapamhindiro yeIdzi, yakakwirira uye nzvimbo yehondo kuti ive nzvimbo yakakwirira. Idzisina kudzivirira miganhuro yehondo.

Kuparadza Zvinhu Zvishanu Zvinopfuurira

Muganhuro rokutanga re "The Treat of War," Sun Tzu rinoonesa zvinhu zvishanu zvinokosha zvinonzi “‘ Moral Fightends, Heah, Earth, Lay, and Donecrine(zvinofanira kuongororwa pamberi penhimbe ipi neipi. Vatungamiriri vaMaumambo Matatu, zvimwe nomutoo woruzivo rwokuberekwa narwo kana kuti kupfurikidza nefundo yakakomba, vakarangarira zvinhu izvozvi noururami hunoparadza. Kurwisa kwacho kwakanga kusati kuri pamusoro pokungova namauto akasimba zvikurusa, asi pamusoro pomunhu aigona kushandisa mhoteredzo yenyama nendangariro kuderedza simba romuvengi kurwa.

Mutemo Wetsika Nomutemo Wematongerwe Enyika

Sun Tzu inorondedzera Mutemo wetsika sechinhu chinoparira vanhu kuva vanowirirana zvakakwana nomutongi wavo, kuti vamutevere pasinei zvapo noupenyu hwavo. Nhimbe yose yaLiu Bei yakanga iri rovedzo yokubatanidza pfungwa. Kuzivikanwa kwake se "Maiguru anone simba" kwakanga kuri chinhu chakaisvonaka kupfuura munondo upi noupi. Nokuzvipa amene somutongi ane mutsa weConfucius akavimbika kuna Han, akagadza kutevera kwairangarirwa sechinopesana asi sebasa rinoyera. Nhando yedare raCao Cao Cao-fie akasvika panzvimbo inoshandira. Panguva ino, uye kazhinji kazhinji kazhinji mukuchengeta mauto ake akavimbika nguva dzose kuti azvifukidze kubvutira kwake mambo. Dare rehondo re "Madoo rokurwa kwemite yehondo]

Unyanzvi Hwokunyengera uye Kushanda Kwepfungwa

"Kurwa kwose kwakavakirwa pakunyengera," Sun Tzu anonyora, chirevo chakava chitendero chomunhu oga che Zhuge Liang, Shoeling Dragon namutungamiriri weShu Han. Kunyange zvazvo simba rakanga riri mari yavana mukuru vehondo vokumusoro, Zhuge Liang anovhiringidza. Madzidziro ake anochinja kunzwisisa kwedu zvakanakira. Paakarayirwa kuti akwanise asi apfuure zvishoma, haana kunyengera mutsika dzakashata dzake. Akavakira chishamiso chaicho nokuda kwokusava noutera. Nokupa utera, akanyengera nyika yezvokupfuura urema muvashori wake.

  • Gwaro reFort Strategy:[FLT: 1] Apo uto guru raSima Yi rakasvika taundi reWei rinenge risina dziviriro, Zhuge Liang akaraira masuo kuvhura zvakaterama. Akagara pamadziro, achikanda tsvina yake. Nokuputsa mutemo unokarirwa wechivanze chokudzivirira, akaratidza chivimbo chakakwana. Sima Yi, achitya uto rakavanzwa uye achitonga Zhuge Liang asingakwanisi kutadza kukanganisa kwakadai, achienda.
  • Straw Boat Strategy:[[FLT: 1] Atarisana nokuperevedza kwemiseve, Zhuge Liang aishandisa mitoo yemamiriro okunze nendangariro yomutungamiriri womuvengi. Iye akafamba nezvikepe zvakarongedzwa navarume vouswa nomumhute mukuru wakananga kungarava dzeWei. Muvengi, asingagoni kuona nokutya kuvandira, akasunungura rukova rwemiseve munhuru, achipa zvamazvirokwazvo Shu nepfuti dzaidikanwa.

Nyika Inogadzirwa Nemauto Akawanda

Zuva rinogadzira nzvimbo inosiana nenzvimbo inoyevedza iyo vapendi vemapu venhambo yacho vanowanzofuratira: nzira dzinosvikika, dzinoita sedzinofambika, dzinoita kuti dzivepo, dzinotetepa, dzinokwirira, masvomhu, uye nzvimbo dziri kure zvikuru. Kudzorwa kwenzvimbo kwakanga kuri musiyano pakati penzara nebudiriro. Unyanzvi husingaenzaniswi hwenzvimbo dzinogara dzinogara nzvimbo dzinogara nzvimbo dzinogara nzvimbo dzinogara nzvimbo dzinonzi dzinonzi dzinoramba dziripo [[FL: 0] Battle of Red Cliffs[[[FLY:] [FLY] [2008] AD [20]. Makwarakaro emvura yokuchamhembe yeCao (20). Inokao yakadzorwa zvikurukuru yenyika yakasungwa namakunzeswa pamwe chete pamwe chete kuti idzivise kurwara kwegungwa. Ivhu rinodzoka risingacheki mumvura yemoto.

Kuzvidzora uye Hondo Yemashoko

"Kana uchiziva muvengi, haufaniri kutya mugumisiro wehondo dzine zana". Mashoko aya anowanzodzidzwa nomusoro, asi kuitwa kwawo munguva yoUmambo Hutatu kwakanga kune utsinye, kunodhura, uye kwakaoma zvikuru. Hondo yacho haina kurwiwa bedzi nehondo dzinorwa asi nehondo isingaoneki yetsori, vadzori, nezvivhenga-mano zviviri. Cao zvichida akanga ari murongi mukurusa wezvokurwa kwehondo. Iye akaunganidza nenzira yakakurumbira "Mangde’s New Book," bhuku risingangoumbi chete asi rinobudisa vadzori vevadzi. Kukwanisa kwake kudzosa muveri nomuvengi nechioko.

Zvisinei, umambo hweShu hwakashandura ungwaru kuva rudzi rwehondo inorondedzerwa. Nokuparadzira runyerekupe rwokuti Wei mukuru mukuru Sima Yi akanga achironga kupandukira mhuri yeCao, vasori vaShu vakakwanisa kunyandura nokubudirira kushatisa mukati medare reWei. Sima Yi akabviswa murayiro wake wenhambo, kwete nebakatwa, asi nokupomera kwapakarevezero. Ichi chiito chehondo chakananga chokudenha zano romuvengi uye zvibvumirano zvake zvisati zvarwisa maguta ake. Kuoma kwemukwikwikwidzano kupfurikidza neguhwa kunosimbisa zvokwadi isingachinjiki: Kutarisira mashoko kunogona kukurira mauto pasina kutsigira nyajambwa mumwe parutivi rwomuvengi.

Dzidziso Yokumhanya Nokugoverwa

Sun Tzu akava nokuzvidza kukuru nokuda kwehondo refu, kunozivikanwa zvikuru, "Hapana nhambo yenyika yabatsirwa nehondo yenguva refu. Iyi dzidziso yakanga iri chishamiso chinopfuurira nokuda kweMadomasi Matatu. Nyika yeShu yaiedza yaedzazve kuputsa mubatanidzwa weWei nomunzvimbo inonyengera yeMakomo eQisan. Zguge’s Northern Explogition [[FLY:1] yakanga iri nhau dzetsungiriro, bva kazhinji kazhinji kazhinji havana kukundikana nemhaka yokukunda kwehondo asi nemhaka yekukunda kwemiza. Nzira dzegomo dzakashandura mugove wezviyo kuva mutambo wezero-um; varwi vanoda zvokudya, kazhinji vanozadza mari yose pamberi peTii, iye akanzwisisa kuti ashande njodzi. Kungorega kukunda kwehondo nokupfumba kwehondo kudzorwa kwehondo.

Magariro Nezvinhu Zvakaoma Zvokupukunyuka

Geometry yemativi matatu yenhambo yacho yaireva kuti kukurukurirana kwakanga kuri chombo chedoro-sum. Chibvumirano chorugare pakati paWan Yu naShu chakanga chiri muurayi akananga pahuro paWei, uye zvinopesana. Kufunga kwokuvamba kwemubatanidzwa weShu-Wa, kwakarongedzerwa paRed Cliffs, kwakanga kwakakurumbira weparation. Zvisinei, kuputsika kweiyi bvumirano pashure pokudenha kwaGuan Yu kwakananga uye kurasikirwa kwakatevera kweJing Province kunonangi kusimbisa icho Sun Tuzu yakadana kuti "kuputsa kurwisana kwomuvengi pasina kurwa." Wu akaronze murukidzano yedaridzo yetsvina yakanga ine tsvina: vakaziva kuti kudzorwa kweJing Proving jini yakanga iri nzvimbo yenzvimbo yazvokuzvipfuudza. Kushandisa Yuan nenzvimbo dzapa-Shu yakapfumba kupfuvura mauto echirungu murwizi rwaMairu rwamato rwamagwa nerwe murwizi rwamabwiru rwamato rwamatema rwechirungu.

Kuisa iyi tyisidziro inochinja yaida murangariro wakajeka weSun Tzu we "Fatal Terrain". Paikaiswa munzvimbo isina tariro, Shu-U nyika dzakarwa pamwe chete nehasha. Asi pane imwe tyisidziro yapakarepo yeCao Cao Cao yakapera, mufungo wemibatanidzwa yetsika dzamagariro wairaira kuti vatendeukirena kuti vadzivise rimwe sangano rimwe kuti vasasvike udzore. Uyu ndiwo mutemo wazvino uno wePsyctics yePlocieology uyo unoramba uchishanda zvikuru mukunzwisisa hondo dzazvino unokamuranisa uye kutengeserana kwamarudzi ose.

Zvigadzirwa Zvevatungamiriri uye Unyanzvi Hwokurayira

Nguva yoUmambo Hutatu inogovera mhatsa inotyisa yezvinoitika apo imwe yembiru idzi dzinoputsika.

  • Cao Cao: Murwi weChulcuritity. Iye akabatanidza "ruwa" na"hasha asi kazhinji kazhinji akarasa "kuuraya munhu. Kuuraya kwake muHuru yakanga iri nzira inotyisa yakarongedzerwa kuputsa kurwisa nokukurumidza, bva pakupedzisira yakaomesa kutsunga kwavavengi vake. Sun Tuzu inonyevera kuti mudzori mukuru wehurumende asinganzwisisi nhau dzehondo unoparira uto re "hasha uye kusavimba." Cao Cao Cao Cao’s white sholo anoisa mumabasa ake maviri okutonga uye mukuru, achibvisa rwisano yavagari vemo kupfurikidza nemotokari.
  • Liu Bei: Hero. Kushandisa kwake zvombo zve "uchokwadi" uye "umunhu" kwakamubvumira kuchengeta tarenda rakadai seZhao Yun naHuang Zhong pasina nhindi yenyika yakanyanyisa kana kuti ndarama. Kubhururuka kwake paChangban, kwaakaramba kusiya vapoteri vasiri varwi pasinei zvapo nokuderedza uto rake kuti ribate, kwakanga kuri zvose zviri zviviri ngwavaira yehondo nerukundo rwetsika zvakabatanidza kuvimbika kwechizvarwa.
  • [[FLT: 0] SUN Quan: Mutarisiri weInstitution. akatora chigaro choumambo achiri muduku pashure porufu rwakamwe kamwe rwehama yake, Sun Ce, Sun Quan akadzidza unyanzvi hwenhume. Aiziva kuti akanga asiri nyanzvi huru yeminda, naizvozvo akapa simba Zhou Yu Su, naLu Meng. Akaziva kuti atevere "kutya hondo," mutungamiriri anofanira pane dzimwe nguva kudzvinyirira uzivi hwebasa uye kuzviisa pasi pezivo chaiyo yavaduku.

Zvidzidzo ZvoUmambo Nokuda Kwechinyorwa Chazvino Uno

Nhoroondo yeMadomasi Matatu, yakachengetwa nokusingaperi muLuo Guanzhong’s " Romaniace yeMadomasi Matatu" uye yakanyorwa zvakasimba mu "Magumo Matatu," inopfuura varaidzo; ibhuku rinoshandiswa retsika dzemakwikwi. "Njere dzeHondo" dzinogovera rondedzero, asi Mabhosvumu Matatu anogovera marara, ropa, uye migumisiro isingadeyi kutemwa. Chinokosha chinotora vatungamiriri vemabhizimisi namabhiringi ipfungwa yenzvimbo yakatarisana. Kutanga kuduku (Shu) kunogona kudenha kubatana kukuru (Weat) kupfurikidza nokunyora chivako, asi kupfurikidza nokuchinja nzvimbo yemakwikwikwikwi.

Chimwe chidzidzo chinogara ingozi ye chisungo chechinosarira . Zhuge Liang’s yapashure yeNyakaro yeNyakato yeNyakatongeswa ndeyengano. Ko kudenha kunopfuuridzirwa paWei kunomirira nzira yokunzwika, kana kuti kuzvipira kwokuwedzera kwomutungamiriri mukuru uyo asingagoni kutarisana nechikumbiro chake chinofa chomutongi Han? Chimiro chimwe chetecho chinoitika mumisika nhasi apo masangano anopfuurira kupira mari yemitoro yetsika yapamutemo panzvimbo yetsika inokosha. Rukundo rweSima, urwo rwakakunda zvarwa rweSma, rwakanyarara muWei uye rwakamirira nokuda kwetsungiriro yeShuu , runova rwakava nokupfupika kwechiito. [Mune makumi amakore akawanda.]

Mberi Kwenzvimbo Yehondo: Pop Culture Nokudzokera Kusingagumi

Kudzorwa kwenhau kwenhambo yacho kunopfuurira kunzwika nemhaka yokuti mwoyo womunhu, gwinyiro, uye rutyo hazvina kuchinjwa zvikuru. Nhaka inogara inooneka mumhiko dzemitambo yevhidhiyo dzisingaverengeki dzinobvumira vanoshandisa kutamba mamiriro ezvinhu edzinza roumambo rakanyura. Vatsigiri vehondo dzenhau dzinogara dzichinzvera maitiro engarava dzehondo dzeYangtze semapurani apakuvamba esimba remazuva ano renyika dzinooneka pasi pano. Kuongorora kupfuurira kweizvi zviitiko, vaongorori venhau dzakaitika kare vanowanzoongorora kurondedzerwa kwakajeka kuwanikwa munzvimbo dzakadai se Nhenhana.

Pakupedzisira, kufundwa kweiyi nhambo kupfurikidza neresi reSun Tzu kunozivisa zvokwadi youtsinye: hakuna "bara" rourongwa. Kudzikama pakati pesimba raWei, kururama kwaShu, uye Kumhararira kwevhu kunoratidzira kuti unyanzvi hwebetsero yechinguvana. Cao Cao Cao angagona kupisa zviyo, Zhuge Liang angagona kufanotaura mhute, uye Sun Quan anogona kudzika rwizi, asi hapana anogona kumanikidza mhepo kupfuudza mhepo kuti ipfuure nokusingaperi. "War" muNyika yoUmambo, naizvozvo, isati iri bhuku rebasa rokukunda zvhizha zvhizha risingaperi, asi tyisidziro inoramba iri iri chinhu chaichoicho kuti tyisidziro yakare isati igorasikirwa norwizi rwavo.