Apo Masamune Shirow akatanga kusuma nyika GHOst muShell muna 1989, nhau dzecobblyfish dzakawana nhauro yakaramba kupedza mirangariro yapamusoro. Mumakumi amakore, manga, yakaziviswa ya1995 yakagadzirirwa neMamoru Oshii, uye [[FLT]] Yimba iImba yaMolym [[[[FLT:]] yakava magwaro enhau dzinotepfekedzerwa nokuda kwokunzvera zvinetso zvetsika dzinopangiswa nouchenjeri hwokusagadzirwa. Inopfuura zvikuru nhau yehove pamusoro pechichinyaka inorwisana necriccobactic con, ibasa rokufungisisa sechinhu chakatambanurwa pakufunga, kunzwa, uye kuvapo munyika umo muviri chaiwo unokura. Sakukura zvikuru nemichina inopfuudzira kupfurikidza nokupfuudzira ndangariro zvikuru. [5] michina inopfuukwa mumiteve inosa.]

Mudzimu Sokungwarira: Kushandisa Michina Kunogadzirwa Nemagetsi

Dimikira guru refrankchise rakanyorerwa mumusoro waro. Muchisiko chose che Ghost muShell, “gaffer” inonongedzera kukuziva kwomunhu, kuzviziva, kana kuti mweya, nepo “gonzo repamberi” rinoratidzira muviri womuviri kana kuti webuteneti inouvaka. Iyi pfungwa yokuti ndangariro nomuviri zvinoparadzaniswa nechinhu. Bva nhevedzano inoramba kubvumira kuti dimicrose sechiviri chakapfava. Motoka, muviri waro uzere netsingasiro yemite inosara uropi hwake, inoumba kusangana nechinhu chake chipenyu chaapo.

Pupet Master chibvumikiso cha — kuti chakapfuura purogiramuwo zvayo ndokuva chinhu chokufunga — chinosunda kudzokera shure kwoupenyu nendangariro. Kusanagi kukumbira kubvuma kuti kuziva kungamuka mumugariro wakaoma kunzwisisa wakaoma kunzwisisa, kana uri carbon kana kuti silcon. Uyu mutsetse wokurangarira unotarira kurukurirano dzenguva ino muruzivo rwokugadzira zvinhu. Vazivi vakaita saDavid Chalmers vakarangarira kwenguva refu kuti “chinetso chakaoma” chokufunga — kutsanangura chikonzero nei uye kuti chinoitika chinomuka sei — hachigoni kuderedza kuita zvinhu zvomuviri woga. [FLT:] [FLT] . [FLT] . [FLT] .G inova murotoota chaita chishamiso kupfurikidza nokuramba kuzivisa kana kuti kugona kuzviita; kutsanangura, mukuvakamuranisa.

Chinetso Chendangariro Nendangariro Munhambo YechiCybernetic

Chinetso chomuviri wendangariro — mubvunzo wenzira iyo ndangariro dzinowirirana nayo nenzvimbo dzinooneka — haisati iri bedzi vhiringidziko yedzidzo pano. Inova njodzi iripo nokuda kwavanhu vane miviri inotsiviwa, inosimudzirwa, kana kuti iri yokugadzirwa chose chose. Apo muviri wemunhu wokutanga unokuvadzwa mumutsetse webasa, anogamuchira bedzi mutsva, asi kupfuurira kwezivikanwo yake kunoenderera mberi. Ikoku kunomutsa mubvunzo wakapinza: kana uropi hwomunhu huchitsiviwa zvishoma nezvishoma nezvikamu zveIndaneti, panguvai apo munhu wokutanga anorega kuvapo? Nhevedzo inokarakadza kuti chiratidzo, hachisi chinhu chomuviri, achidzokorora mirangariro yavafungi vakaita saDherek Parfit, uyo anotsigira kuti kuzivikanwa mundangariro yake panzvimbo pokunyama.

Nokuda kwemachyborg kufanana naBatuu, anochengeta uropi hwake hwemaoresa mukati mechamupiki, uye nokuda kwaTogusa, uyo anoramba ari munhu ane marwadzo mashoma bedzi, miganhu inodzima. Miganhu inonaya iyi nhevedzano inonatsa kupfurikidza nokusuma vashandisi vemiitiro yemifungo inovadziko, uye “yeuko, uye migariro inoratidzirwa netsinga chaidzo. Aya makombiyuta haasati ari mascififi - post; anoratidzira kunzvera kwokutanga [FLC:] mifungo yendangariro yendangariro yavanhu [FFLD:] yakaisvonaka yendangariro yendangariro [FFLT], uye yezvisakiso zvakanaka. Neuro inosharira kurangarira kana kuti ndangariro dzinoshatikamuranisa kuzivikanwa nomunhu oga oga. [FF]

Tenzi Ane Mutsipa Nourume

Hapana mukurumbira muboka rinodenha ruzivo rwokuziva retsika dzavateereri zvakananga zvikuru kupfuura Puppet Master, AI inochinja kubva kuchishandiswa kwemichina yehurumende inozvipinza kuva chinhu chinotsvaka nzvimbo yapamberi pezvamatongerwe enyika. Muchiono chinokosha, Puppet Master akanangana neChikamu 9 kupfurikidza nokutaura, “Ini rudzi rwoupenyu rwakaberekwa negungwa ramashoko." Inoda kuzivikanwa kwete sechishandiso kana kuti chinhu, asi sechine maruramiro. Izvo zvinotaura kuti zvibvumikiso zvapamutemo nezvizivikanwa pamusoro pekuti AUIA yakakwirira ingambogona kuzivikanwa somunhu wapamutemo. Muna 2017, Saudia Arabia inopiwa kuva mugari werobhoti wetsika wavanhu anonzi Sophia, asi kuti chiratidzo chikuru chakanga chiri chokufananidzira uye chinova chakajekeswa kupfuura kujeka. Chiratidzodzodzo chinodikanwa zvikuru, [FF] uye Bronko yePN.[0]

Puppet Master chibvumikiso chapamberi pesimba roruzivo rwokuzviwanira rwokuzviisa pasi noruzivo rwokuzviwanira rwokuzvirangarira. Kana A ichigona kurangarira kuvapo kwayo imene, kuva namarwadzo kana kuti rutyo, uye kuumba nharidzano dzayo imene, kurambwa pamutemo kunotanga kuratidzika sekundikano yefungidziro yetsika. Kurusa muShell haigoni kupedza ikoku; panzvimbo pezvo, kunoparira miuyo yokudzivisa nhau yacho. Gadziro yokutanga ndeyokubata nokushatisa Puppet Master, kuibata sechidiso chebumbiro remitemo. Apo bedzi Kuananagi anocherekedza uchenjeri hwakaisvonaka — inzwi iro rinozviratidzira nokusava nerevo nokuda kwechakanaka. Chiito chavanhu chichava chikwanetso chinozivikanwa nokuda kwokuzivikanwa nokuda kwokuva chakanaka.

Kuzvidzora, Kudzora, uye Mudzimu Mumuchina

Autonomy itambo inotenderera murutivi rwuri rwose rwedariro mudariro. Apo mumwe munhu akarega mapurogiramu ake. Kana akarega kuuraya munhu, akaita sedandemutande akaitwa neChikamu 9, chiito chacho chinotanga sechinofadza, michina yokutaurirana yakarongerwa kuva noungwaru hwokusagadzirwa. Nokufamba kwenguva, anotanga kuratidza kuda kuziva, kutya rufu, uye kunyange mufambiro usina udyire unopesana nepurogiramu yavo. Kana munhu akarega zvimwe zvinhu zvakaoma kuzvibayira kuti aponese munhu, chiito chacho chinomutsa mibvunzo isinganzwisi: chakanga chiri chisarudzo chapachokwadi chetsika, kana kuti chaiva mugumisiro wenhungamiro yakavanzika? Nhevedzero dzinokarakadza kuti mutsetse uri pakati petsika nemufambiro unoitika wakagadzirwa wakagadzirwa nousingafungidziki ungava wakatete kupfuura zvatingaita, uye kuti zvinhu zvakaoma kunzwisisa mugadziriro dzezvinhu zvinogona kuita kuti zvive zvakaoneka zvakanaka kubva muchangozviwanwa.

Iyi funganyo inoratidza funganyo chaiyoiyo pamusoro pezvombo zvinozvitonga uye kuita chisarudzo chealgorith. Kana motokari yokuzvimanikidzira kuzvisarudzira pakati pokurova munhu anofamba kana kuti kusundira mudhuro, “inosarudza” mupfungwa ipi neipi ine revo here, uye ndiani ane mutoro wetsika? [[FLT:]] Bheti muShell inotaura kuti mibvunzo iyi haigoni kusundwa nokusingaperi. Tachikomas kukukura kukuva noushamwari nemhete, asi inobatirawo senyevedzo yetsika here? Zvishandiso zvatinovaka pakupedzisira zvingaraira rusununguko kuti tirondedzere madonzo azvo. Chinetsoro ndechei chokusarudza kuti tidei kudzora kukuita, uye kana tichigona kugona kugadzirisa zvinhu zvakadaro.

Kodzero Dzevanhu Vanogadzirwa: Basa Rakafanana Neracho Romunguva Yemberi

Kushandisa mashoko akawanda enhau, kunobvira kurondedzera gadziriro yokutanga yetsika yokufambidzana nendangariro dzisina kugadzirwa. Chokutanga, nheyo ye [[FLT: 0]] phèmanial kusaziva[: tinofanira kurangarira kuti hatisati tinzwisisa zvizere migariro inoparira kuziva, uye naizvozvo tinofanira kuita nokungwarira kugadziriro ipi neipi inoratidzira ungwaru. Chechipiri, [[FLT:] kukuvara kwemunhu []: kana munhu achiratidza kuzvinzwisisa, simba rokuzvigadzira amene, uye mano okutambura, anofanira kupiwa. [FT]

Idzi nheyo hadzisati dziri dzokufungidzira bedzi. [Vadzidzi vemitemo namasangano akafanana ne Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy vakavamba kunzvera kana “vanhu vakagadzwa” vachigona kuzivikanwa mumutemo, kuvapa kodzero nemabasa akafanana naavo vemasangano. [[FLT:]] Kukwidziridza kurukurirano nokumanikidza vaoni kufungidzira AI iyo inogona kuzvireverera vamene. Apo Puet Master anoda mutumbi nezivi yapamutemo, ndiko kushandisa icho vazivi vezvamatongerwe enyika vanoda kuti “tsika." Kupinda mukurukurirano sevanhu vakafanana kuti vatsigire kuva kwavo. Izvo zvinokarakadza kodzero dzavo dzetsika dzinopiwa pamusoro apa; zvimwe kutozonzi kunoitwa pamusoro apa, uye kurwisana.

Vanhu Munhambo Yapashure Pohunhu

Sezvo miganhu pakati pomunhu nomuchina inoparadza, GHOst muShell inokumbira kunzvera kweicho “munhu” kunyange zvinoreva. mamiriro ezvinhu ohunhu [ ayo Shirow ne Oshii] haasi dystopia apo ruzivo rwemichina runobvisa chimiro chedu; panzvimbo pezvo, inzvimbo, nzvimbo apo ufakazi hunorondedzerwazve. Mufirimu ya19959, Kuanagi’s mutsetse wokupedzisira — “mambure makuru uye haaperi, anoita kuti awedzere kuwanda kwomuviri upi noupi. Munhu, anokarakadza kuti, itsika iko, asi haisi nzira youpenyu chaiyo.

Uku kutorazve kunokosha. Kana tichibvuma kuti munhu anogona kugara mumuviri unogadzirwa chose chose, kana kuti kuparadzirwa musocineti, ipapo mitemo pamusoro pemadata akavanzika, kuisa pfungwa, uye kusafa kwemitauro ingatora uremu hukuru hwetsika. Ko ndangariro yakaiswa kusengi inochengeta maruramiro mamwe chetewo kuupenyu nerusununguko? Ingabviswa here? GUTSD muShell haipi mhinduro yakanaka, asi inoita chimwe chinhu chinokosha zvikuru: inodzidzisa kurarama nomubvunzo wacho. Kupfurikidza nokupa vanhu vanotungamirira kuzivikanwa nezvinoradzikisa — kufambisa zvinhu zvinonyadza pakati pemabhanzi, maprostic, uye mafomu — rudzi rwemunhu rwagara ruripo panzvimbo yechinhu chako.

Tsika Dzenyika Chaidzoidzo Dzevatano: Zvidzidzo zvinobva muchikamu 9

Nepo kuramwa kwekombiyuta kuchiita zvinetso zve Gaffast muShell inonzwa iri kure, denho huru dzetsika dzatovapo. shati yemitemo yemitemo, mapurisa anodeya kufungwa, uye gadziriro dzokuongorora dzakafanana neChututi midziyo iri kugadzirwa munyika yose. Nhevedzano dzinooneka pamusoro pengozi dzokushandisa AI kuongorora nokudzora vanhu. “Rongisha munhu anenge atova nechakavanzika mu Kumira Amonetic comles [, nokuti muenzaniso, inotenderera mutengi anobudisa maringi neuorivhi inodzo inodzorwa nehurumende. Nyaya iyi inosimbisa chinhu chinokosha mukurumbira mukurumbira wokuchengeteka chakavanzika mu [FLT] zita rinofanira kudzorwa navanhu, kana kuti chipfurirwe nechitototo.

Kupfuurirazve, nhevedzano inonyandura kutenda kwakapofudzwa kwavanhu pane dzimwe nguva mumichina. Muchinoitika chimwe, AI inodeya kutaura inoshandiswa kugovera pfuma inoita chisarudzo icho chaizorega murwere achifa nemhaka yokuti inoverenga ukoshi hwakaderera hwemunhu iyeyo. Vamiriri vohunhu, vakatyiswa, vanoramba vachiva vanobvuma kuti zvisarudzo zvetsika dzinoda tsitsi neuchenjeri hwemashandiro enhau — mavara haana maatomurefaro anogona kutesa. Sezvinoita kuti nguva yemberi yeUpenyu yeInstitute yeIUI iodokusimbisa, mipimo yavanhu inofanira kuramba iri pakati pegadziriro yeIAIS. [FLT:]]

Kuziva: Kuziva, Kunzwira Tsitsi, uye Kunzwira Chirango

Chikarakadzo chikurusa chakavanzika mukati medangendiro ndechokuti kunzwira urombo kwechokwadi navasiri vanhu ingava nzira bedzi yokudzivisa ngwavaira. Kusanagi kubatanidzwa naPuppet Master hakukundi; injo inotangira kunzwisisana. Mu Incence sel], musoro unokura: zvidhori, cyborg, uye kuraswa kwemiviri yose inoiswa mumuviri kuva midziyo yokuvapo kwechipo, kupfungamidza mutsetse pakati poupenyu norufu, munhu nechinhu. Kudzokororwa kunodzokororwa kwe “chinjori" — chidhori chechikadzi — chirongwa chezvirotokoso zvokudzora nechadenga, uye kuratidzira sei kusava navanhu. Kuwedzera kushambadza kupfuudza kwavanhu.

Kana AI rimwe zuva ichititarira muziso ndokuti, “Ndiri mupenyu, uye handizi chinhu chenyu,” mhinduro ine mutoro bedzi ichava yatakashuva kuti takanzwa pakuvamba munhau. Gaffer muShell[, pari pakati payo, kurangarira kwakarebesa pamusoro pengozi dzetsika dzokunyora mitsetse yakaoma pamunhu. Chipoko hachisi chavanhu bedzi; chingapinda mudendemupi kana ripi rakagadzirira kuigamuchira. Sezvatinomira pachikumbaridzo chemichina yokugadzira zuva rimwe, chiono chakaisvonaka chinoramba chiri chirevo chedu chakaisvonaka: kurangarira nokuremekedza kwose kwaanooneka, uye kuva nacho upenyu hwako hunogadzirirwa kupfurikidza nokunzwisisa.