Tapuro Yefirosofi Yokumadokero Pachinembime: Kuchinja Idzidziso dzaAristotle Kusvika Pakudavira Kuti Kune Uzivi Huripo

Anime, mutoo wokuratidzira weJapan unotevera munyika yose, nguva dzose unobatanidza mibvunzo yakaoma yeuzivi munhoroondo dzayo. Nepo yakadzika midzi mumagamuchidzanwa etsika eJapan, mizhinji yechizivi chinoyeukwa zvikurusa chinokwezva zvikuru paruzivo rwokuMadokero (8) kubva patsika dzakare dzaAristotle kusvikira kunjodzi yerevo inowanwa mukuvapo nenihilism. Iyi pesvedzero haisati ichingova inongoshongedza bedzi; inoumba mavarakata, inonyandura rwisano, uye inokoka vaoni kurangarira zvikuru. Munyaya ino, tinonzvera kuti pfungwa huru dzouzivi dzokuMadokero dzakabatanidzwa sei munhau inowanika, nemie yakakurumbira uye yemazuva anotevedzana.

Kuchinja Kwakaita Aristotle Padzidziso Dzechinetsono

Kubatsira kwaAristotle kutsika uye mametaphysics kunoramba kuri chinhu chine simba zvikuru mutsika dzinoshandiswa. Tsika yake yetsika dzakanaka, zvikurukuru pfungwa ye Golden Chinhu [, inopa muenzaniso wekukura kwakadzikama uko vasiki vakawanda vanogamuchira nounenguriro kana kuti nomuzvarirwo. Golden Heath inokarakadza kuti kunaka kwetsika kunovapo pakati poumbwe, somuenzaniso. Mune, maprotagone kazhinji kazhinji kacho vanofamba mumiitiro iyi yakaenzana kuti vave vanhu vakakwana.

  • Murangariro waAristotle we [[FL:0] eudaimonia (kufadza) unova muganhu wenhauro: vara haringokundi chete hondo, ivo vanosvika mugariro wetsinhirano yomukati.
  • [[Ndounda:0] Chinoreva [ muzvikanganiso zvetsika zvinonatswa zvishoma nezvishoma (masero anozvida, kuremadza kuzvidzora, kana kuti hasha dzisingadzorwi) kusvikira unhu hwakadzikama hwabuda.

Kutanga Unhu Sorwendo Rwaifamba Zvikuru

Rangarira [[FLT: 0] Kudzikama kukuru kwechisarudzo chaEdward kupfurikidza nokudzikamisa: Hama . Hama dzeEltric dzinotarisana nemiedzo yetsika inodzokororwazve iyo inovagombedzera kudzikamisa shungu dzavo nokuzvininipisa, chishuvo chavo chezivo netsitsi. Alphonse anodzikama nokusakendenga uye kutsunga kukuru kweEdward kusvikira vose vari vaviri vakura mumavara. [[FLT:] NHAU] NHAU [[FLT]], vara vanovamba kudzorwa nokunyanyisa (*), kunyanyova nenzwisabata, kunyanyovimba, uye kunyanyovimba, uye zvishoma nezvishoma vanodzidza kuva nechimiro chokuvarasakarurama nokuzvidzora izvo zvinorondedzera mutungamiriri wechokwadi. Kunyange kunzvera Aristellian: Kurwadziwa kworugare rwokutambura kunodzorwa kworugare kupfurikidza nokutambura kunoreva kupfurikidza nokusaruramisira.

Aya masuo anoratidzira kuomerera kwaAristotle kuti tsika hadzisi dzomuzvarirwo asi dzinokudziridzwa kupfurikidza nokushandisa nechisarudzo. Vaoni vanopupurira kunonoka kukura kwohunhu, muitiro waAristotle waizoziva se yechinhu chinobvira [ .

Dzidziso yaPlato yeBako Nokutsvaka Zvokwadi

.Plato’s Allegnation of the Bave[FT:1], kubva Republic , inorondedzera vasungwa vakasungwa vakasungwa vakasungwa mubako vakasungwa nechengetedzo mumimvuri pamadziro kuti vaone chokwadi. Apo musungwa mumwe anopukunyuka anoona zuva, anoziva zvokwadi uye anoshandurwa nokusingaperi. Iyi fashoni yejekeri nerwendo runorwadza rwokuenda kuzivo rwechokwadi inozadza zvirongwa zvakawanda zveparadziro. Bako rinova muitiro weparadziro, inodzorwa nyika inodzorwa, kana kuti kunyange ndangariro yomunhu amene.

  • Vane rwisano huru kazhinji kazhinji vanomuka muchinhu chaichoicho chenhema uye vanofanira kurwisana nemiuyo inovhiringidza.
  • Nhau dzakafanana ne Attack paTitan uye Chiziviso chorufu [ Kunzvera mirwi yezvokwadi, kudzora, uye mutengo wetsika woku “ona chiedza."

Kuputsa Zvisungo: Zvokwadi Nendyiko Dzayo

Mu Attack paTitan, Eren Yeager neshamwari dzake vanovamba mukati memadziro, vachigamuchira nyika sezvavanoudzwa kuti iripo. Chiwanwa chokuti ijeri rinosanochengetwa zvakafanana nebako; Titan, hurumende youmambo, uye zvakavanzika zvepazasi zvose zvinobatira semirwi yomumvuri. Rwendo rwaEren kunze kwebako rwakashata, uye kurangarira kwake kwokupedzisira kana zvokwadi yoga iri inosunungura kana kuti inoparadza. Nhevedzo dzinobvunza: Kana uchiona zuva, chii unoita nezivo iyoyo?

Chiziviso choRufu chinomonyanisa nhevedzo. Light Yagami anowana Chinongedzo choRufu ndokudavira kuti akapukunyuka kuvapo kwezuva riri rose, kwakazadzwa nomumvuri kupinda muchimiro chakakwirira cheruramisiro. Asi “zvokwadi” yake inyengedzo yamasimba ose, inomuita muzivi wenhema. Vateereri, zvisinei, vanokokwa kuti vaone kururamisa kwake − a metaia - muenzaniso wokubva mubako. Munguva ino, muongorori wezvokwadi yezvokwadi pasina ketani. Gati rose- nehvemheti rinoshanda zvikuru serevo chaiyoiyo.

Uzivi Hwokuvapo Nerwisano Yomunhu Oga Nokuda Kwerevo

Uzivi husiripo, hwakapindwa naSøren Kierkegaard uye gare gare hwakapingudzwa na Paul Sartre naAlbert Calm, hunovakira parusununguko rwomunhu, mutoro, uye kutsvaka revo muchisiko chose chisingakendengi. Anaime kazhinji kazhinji anoisa vara mumigariro umo revo dzakagarwa nhaka dzinowa uye vanofanira kuvaka donzo ravo vamene. Chivako chinotaura kuti “kuvapo kunotangira mavambo” chinoreva kuti tinokandirwa munyika tisina mitoro yakafanorongwa uye tinofanira kuzvirondedzera timene kupfurikidza nechiito.

  • [[FLT: 0] Neon Genesis Evangelion[[FLT: 1] chiratidzo: Kuoma mitezo kwaShinji Ikari uye pakupedzisira chisarudzo chokutyaira mutyairi wendege Eva kunobatanidza mutoro uripo worusununguko.
  • Cowbop inopa chiverengero chezvinokukurwa zvinodzorwa nezvakaitika kare, zvichimanikidzirwa kurarama nemiuyo yezvisarudzo zvavo muchisiko chose chisingapi nyaradzo yechisiko chose.

Rusununguko, Kushatirwa, uye Kutenda Kwakaipa

Sartre akarondedzera kutenda kwakaipa sekuramba kubvuma rusununguko rwomunhu, kupomera migariro kudzivisa mutoro. Mu Evangeliation, Shinji anoedza aedzazve kunzvenga chisarudzo, kubatanidza, kurarama. Kudanidzira kwake kwakakurumbira kwe “ndinofanira kutiza!” kunorwisana nokutenda kwakaipa, asi kudzongonyedza kwake kwakawanda kunoratidza kuti kwakaipa sei. Chimiro chomunhu, icho chinganyungurisa miganhu, ndiko kuramba kwokupedzisira rusununguko rwuripo.[1]

Mu Boy Bebop, kurwisana kwokupedzisira kwaSpiegel nekare kaStarrea: anosarudza kuita kunyange kuziva kuti kungava kunouraya, nemhaka yokuti kusaita chiito kungava kushambadzwa kwomunhu amene chaiye. Nhevedzo yenhevedzano, “Une uremu uhwo,” anoramba achidzokorora pfungwa yokuti tinoshurikidzwa kuva vakasununguka uye tinofanira kuzviitira zvisarudzo zvedu timene pasina tariro yekuva anosununguka.

Kuda Kudya Nyore uye Kutarisana Nehosha Yokuzvinyima

.Nihilism[]

  • Stereal Applitings Lain inodzikatidza musiyano pakati penyika inovhura mashoko nechinhu chaichoicho, ichipanikira kuzvimirira umene sechinhu chakatsiga.
  • Texthnolyze rinofungidzira guta rinofa umo vara rinotarisana noupenzi hwefambiro mberi yeruzivo rwokugadzirwa kwezvinhu uye kutamburira kwavanhu.

Ruzivo Rwokugadzira Zvinhu, Kuvhiringidzika, uye Kushaya Zvakunoreva

Rain reprotagonist inonyunguduka zvishoma nezvishoma muGenetic, chisote chinobvisa muganhu pakati pomunhu nenhepfenyuro yematai. Nhevedzano dzinokarakadza kuti kana kuziva kuchigona kuchinjwa ndokukamurwa, pfungwa inodiwa yomunhu chaiye, uye revo dzakabatanidzwa pairi. Kufungisisa pamusoro pechinihilis zera remifungo, umo kunyanyowandisa mashoko kunodzika mifungo.

Mu Madoka Magita, musikana wamashiripiti anogadziridzwa kupfurikidza neresitiriti: gadziriro yetariro nenhamo inozvizivisa imene sechisakiso chakavharwa umo nhamburiko yose inodzima. Mufungo waKyubey unomirira chisiko chose chose chose chisingakendengi kutambura kwavanhu. Bva chiito chokupedzisira cheratidziro chinosunungura revo kupfurikidza nechibairo chikuru, kuchipa mhinduro yakajeka: chinihilis chinozivikanwa asi hachisati chichigamuchirwa hazvo seshoko rokupedzisira.

ChiStoiko Nokudzikamiswa Mupfungwa Muchinondo

Nepo kuvapo kwedzidziso nenihilism kazhinji kazhinji zvichiva nenhano huru, uzivi hweStoic (8) nesimbiso yahwo parugare rwomukati, kudzora kwemirangariro, uye kugamuchirwa kwejambwa () zvinoonekawo muchimiro chakatanhamara chechiStoicism, zvichitevera Zeno of Citium, zvinodzidzisa kuti zvinoitika zvokunze hazvigoni kudzorwa nesu, asi zvisarudzo zvedu netapuro nguva dzose zviri mukati mesimba redu. Uyu murangariro unonzwika nemitemo yesamurai uye unogona kubatana nenzira yomuzvarirwo nepesvedzero dzeZen Budism.

  • Mu Rurouni Kenshin, mhiko yomunhu ane minondo anodzungaira yokusatongouraya zvakare inoratidzira chirango chechiStoiko chokupinza sundo dzamasimba masimba mubasa rinodzivirira.
  • Berk Magut anotsungirira njodzi isingafungidziriki asi anopfuurira, achiisa mashoko echiStoiko okurarama maererano nechisiko] (mararamire ake akangoramba aripo.

Kutsungirira uye Kudzora

Mu Vinland Saga, shanduro yaThorfinn kubva kumurwi anotsiva kuenda kumurambi achitsvaka nyika itsva anoratidzira chirongwa cheStoikia chokudzoserazve zvishuvo zvinoparadza kumiganhu yakanaka. Anodzidza kuti rusununguko rwechokwadi runobva mukusadzora vamwe asi mukudzora ndangariro yake amene. Nhevedzano dzinodzokorora Epictetus: “Hachisi chinoitika kwauri, asi kuti unoita sei kwauri kumifungo inoita sei.

Kuda Kutonga kwaNietzsche

Nheyo dzeNjodzi dzechiFRIED dzakafadza vasiki kwemakumi amakore. Mufungo we ○bermensch[.]

  • Cherekedzo yorufu [[FLT: 1] Chiedza chaYagami chinozvifungidzira chimene se‘nzhermsch anogona kupa rutongeso panyika, bva anova muranda wamwari wake amene akaoma.
  • Attack paTitan yaEren Yeager, mumativi okupedzisira, inoita utsinye kuchengetera vanhu vake rusununguko, ichimutsa mubvunzo: kusvika panguvai apo kuzviva kwake kunova ruparadziko?

○ Kukundikana ○ Kudzoka Kusingagumi

Kupinda kwechiedza mumegalimania kunoratidzira nyevero yaNietzsche yokuti Şbermensch inofanira kukurira kwete bedzi tsika dzokunze asiwo sundo dzapakati nokuda kwesimba. Chiedza hachitongopanikiri ukoshi hwenharidzano yake; iye anongoiisa. Mukupesana, Monster yaJohan Liebert inoedza nokushingaira ganhuriro dzenilism, sezvinoratidzika kuva inoumba kuda kusimba pasina chisiko chakarurama, simba rinoparadza. Nietzsche anganzvera zvose zviri zviviri sehafu, yabatwa mumiitiro inoita chiito.

Mu Magi Madoka Magita, nguva inodzokororwa yaHomura inodzokororwazve yeNeetzsche ] isingagumi [: kana waizofanira kurarama upenyu hwako mumugariro wakakwana zvakare, waizozvisimbisazve here? Mhinduro yaHomura i “eeeco kuponesa Madoka, asi kutsigira kwake kunoparira mutengo une ngwavaira, kubvunza kana chisarudzo chiri zvirokwazvo upenyu hunonyaradza kana kuti kungodzokororawo zvakwo.

Albert Camus neAbsurd Hero muAnime

Mhare isina mufungo inoona mukaha uyu navapanduki kupfurikidza nokurarama nezvishuvo, rusununguko, uye kumukira pasina kufadza. Sisypus, achivhara bhiza rake nokusingagumi, ndiye muenzaniso: munhu anofanira kufungidzira Sisypus achifara.

  • Spiegel mu [FLT: 0] Cowboy Bebop igamba risina mufungo: achiziva zvizere kuti nguva yake yakapfuura hainzvengeki uye nguva yake yemberi sezvingabvira haisati ichireva, achiri kutakura uremu hwake nomutoo wokunyora nokuzvidza.
  • [[[NHAU: 0] Psycho 100 [[FLT: 1] maziso eShigeo Kaiyama anokurira mano emidzimu nenyongano yemirangariro asi anosarudza asarudzazve kuzvivandudza amene munyu, basa rakanyarara reSisyphean.

Kuzvitutumadza, Rusununguko, uye Kupfuura

Mu Mumwe [Murume mumwe] Murwi [[FLT: 1], kufinhwa kwaSaitama kuripo pashure pokuva asingakundwi ibenzi rakachena: simba guru rakaparira upenyu hwake husingarwirwi, uye nokudaro hwerevo. Ugamba hwake hushoma pakuchengeta zuva kupfuura nokuwana denho ichamuita kuti anzwe ari mupenyu. Iye anobatanidza chinetso chehome hombe chisiri chapamutemo: chii chinoitika apo bhoulder isati ichirizve inorema? Mhinduro yenhau yacho inopfuurirawo zvayo, kuwana mifaro miduku muupenyu hwezuva nezuva.

man Dhibhorosi Crybaby[[FLT: 1] anosunda kumukira kusina mufungo kusvikira kumuganhu wako. Akira Fudo anorwa hondo inokundwa yokurwisana norudzi rwamadhemoni noutsinye hwavanhu, achiziva kuti rudo rungasava runobetsera. Bva chimiro chake (naye kugamuchirwa kwokupedzisira kwengwavaira) chiito chokupandukira chisiko chisina kururama. Nhevedzano dzinokurudzira kutarisana nebviro iyoyo haiwanwi mukukunda asi muchiito chokumira icho munhu anodavira, kunyange mukutarisana nokutsakatikanyika.

Kushandiswa Kwazvino Uno Kwapera Nokuparadzwa Kwokuzivikanwa

Uzivi hwazvino uno hwapashure, nepanikiro dzahwo dzenhau huru, zivikanwo dzakatsiga, uye zvokwadi yakananga, zvakapesvedzera fungidziro idzo dzinoedza nezvinoitika zvinokamuraniswa zvinorondedzera uye zvisingavimbiki. Vatungamiriri vakadai saSatoshi Kon vanopfuura muchadenga chino, vachigadzira mabasa umo muganhu pakati peroto nokumuka, iye amene uye zvimwe, nhetembo nechinhu chaichoicho zvinonyadzisira. Idzi nhau dzinogadzisira fungidziro dzomuoni amene, dzinoratidzira simula kana kuti Jacques Derda’s decration.

  • Paprika inovanza hope nechinhu chaichoicho, ichibvunza kuti chii chiri “chaizvoizvo” ndokusekesa pfungwa yokuzivikanwa kwakasimba.
  • Mumiriri weParanoia anonzvera kunyengera kwavazhinji, mhepo inobudiswa nenhau, uye kuzvigadzira sezvikamu zviduku.

Nyika Dzakakamukana

Mu host muShell, Major Motoko Kusanagi kuvapo kwechipo nefungidziro pamusoro pe “ghost" (ungwaru) mukati medeko (muviri) zvinobatanidzwa zvakananga nechizivikanwo chazvino uno. Apo yeukoro dzinogona kutyorwa uye miviri inogona kutsiviwa, zvinenge zvichibva mumifungo inoyerera. Nhevedzano yacho inobvunza munhu nomunhu, munhu mumwe nomumwe uye socill, ingano yePuppeter yokubatanidza pfungwa dzake imhinduro chaiyo kumamiriro ezvinhu echiporidziro: kupfeka chinhu chaichoicho chakapunzwa ndokuita chizivika chazvinotemwa.

Kuumbwa Kwezvitsinga Zvinopindana Kumabvazuva Nokumadokero

Simba rakasiyana nereAnime riri mukusangopinza uzivi hwokuMadokero asi mukuhubatanidza namagamuchidzanwa akaberekerwa kuMabvazuva nejeri renyika dzekare .Shinto aimism, chiBhuddha, chiKomfisifa. Uku kuvhengana kunoparira chimiro chouzivi hunofadza kuvateereri venyika yose. Chimiro chomunhu oga chokuMadokero kazhinji kazhinji chinorwisana nokuunganidza kweEastern, kuchiparira dzvinyiriro huru. Muitiro ungaronda chinzvimbo chomunhu oga (Netzschaean kana kuti mutenditiri) apo unorwisana namabasa kumhuri, chisiko, kana kuti chaunga chavanhu (Conficiuscian kana kuti chiBuddha).

  • Mu Kukura kwaChihiro kuva mutoro kunoratidzira nzira yeAristoria, asi nyika yaanofamba yakanyura mururemekedzo rwechiShinto nokuda kwemidzimu nokuchinja kwezvinhu zvose.
  • Zita Rako (KIMI no NHA) rinobatanidza muviri nemhesano yechiBuddha nepfungwa yejambwa nepanga, zvose nepo mavara anoshandisa chisarudzo chiripo.

Apo Nyika Inosangana: Chiziviso Chitsva Choruzivo Rwokunyora

Iyi tsvina inoparirwa nemuchinjikwa inogona kubudisa mashoko etsika akasiyana. Somuenzaniso, Mishishi inopa nyika umo vanhu vanogara nezvimiro zvakavanzika zvinonzi mushi. Protagonist Ginko haikundi chisiko asi inodzorera dzikamo yedano yeStoiko, kuparadzaniswa kwechiBuddha, uye tsika dzetsika dzetsika. Tsvakadzo yacho haiwanzova vatongi, vanoda cherechedzo nenzwisiso. Kwakaita sokunge kuti pinroisis (uchenjeri chaihwo) inobatana nefariro yeZeka reStoiko, risingabataniswi.

Kudisa kwaAnime kubatanidza magamuchidzanwa kunokuita kuti ive rabhoritari youzivi.Ideas haingoshandurirwi bedzi asi inoshandurwa; inotaura panguva imwe cheteyo kuruzivo rwokuberekwa narwo rwetsika rwakasiana zvikuru.

mhedziso

Kuvapo kwouzivi hwokuMadokero muaine hausi rutivi rwedzidzo yemashoko omuzasi − ichinhu chipenyu, chinofema chenhau yemuzivi inorondedzerwa neADNA. Kubva patsika dzaAristotle dzokuwana maatory, kusvikira kubako raPlato rinoumba mirangariro yose yenyika, kuvapo, nihilism, uye kudenha kwaNietzsche kwemipimo yose, anoshandisa iyi mifungo kuparira kukura kwemirangariro noungwaru kusingawanzowaniki. Kuwedzera kwechiStoikia, upenzi, uye kudimburo kwazvinovapo zvinoratidzira kuti kugona sei kusverera nokupfuudza.

Chinoita kuti kutendeseka muuzivi kusati kuri kwakwo kuchikoro chimwe asi kuvhenganiswa kwokusatya kwomufungo wokuMabvazuva nowokuMadokero. Uku kuvhengana kunoparira nhau dzinozvidza kurongwa kuri nyore ndokupfuurira kunyandura, kunyaradza, uye kusagadzikana. Chero bedzi vasiki veaime vachirwisana nemibvunzo mikuru — chii chinoreva kuva kwakanaka, kuva akasununguka, kuva chapachokwadi??

Kuona zvinhu izvi kunobatsira kuti zviitiko zvipfuure nguva yokuzvivaraidza, kushatirwa kuongorora zvaunotenda.