Hayao Miyazaki’s Yakanyudzwa zvikuru mumugariro womudzimu [[FLT: 1] (2001]) (inomira seimwe yamafirimu anoyevedzwa zvikurusa munhau yebhaisikopo, bva kupfuma kwayo kunopfuura zvikuru kubwinya kwemaziso uye rondedzero. Firimu yacho inonyudzwa zvikuru mumugariro weJapan, kunyora zviratidzo zvayo, tsika, uye urongwa hwetsika kubva [[FLT:] SHINTO[F], kutenda kwakaberekerwamo kwezvitsuwa. Nepo vaoni vazhinji vachifarikanya nhau yemusikana muduku akabatwa muimba yokugezera, manyoro anoratidzirwa pachizivikairo, mhoteredzo, kwezvakatika, uye ukama hwakaipa pakati petsika dzazvinoshambadzirwa. Iyi rondedzero yetsika dzechiShinto [FF] [5], inodzokororomedzero yomudzimu]

ChiShinto Cosmos: Kami, Chisiko, uye Zvisingaoneki

Kunzwisisa [[FLT: 0] Kure [[FLT: 1], munhu anofanira kutanga kunzwisisa kuva nemifungo yeShinto yezvinoyera. Shinto haitsamiri pamwari mumwe kana kuti rugwaro rwokuvamba; panzvimbo pezvo inoziva rudungwe rusingagumi rwe [kami — kuvapo kwoumwari kunogara zvinoitika zvomusikirwo, madziro akati, uye kunyange mavara akaoma. Makomo, miti, mhepo, uye mabwe zvinogona kuva [[FLT] mi [FLT:], [5], uye ukama pakati pavanhu naaya midzimu hunodzorwa norucheno rwavanhu. Mudzimu unoratidzirwa mufirimu, unoratidzirwa nomumukoto wakavanzika uye unosiiwa, unosiiwa mumukana unosinwa, uye hauna kuoneka zvakasiana nomugumo, asi husingaonekwikwi nokuoneka nenyika isati iri pakati penyika inozivikanwa navanhu.

Chihiro anoratidzira kupinza kwechiJapan nzvimbo yemidzimu mufananidzo we [[FLT: 0] kakakakushi, kana kuti “kufuridzira bhaisikopo ndiro , Nhaundi yeChihikakushi [[[FLT]. [Munhau,] [[FLT:]] yakakashi yakarondedzera kuti munhu, zvikurukuru mwana, anganyangaka kamwe kamwe uye adzoke nenhau dzokuva atorwa nechinhu chinopfuura chomuzvarirwo. Miyaki inoshandura murangariro wazvino uno: Chiroichiachi] [[4] mikashishi [ku] kwezva, midzimu inopfumba kuonga kuonga kuonga kuonga kubereka, kuonga kuonga kukura kupfurikidza nokushandisa nhevedzano kuoneka kworutsinga kwapa. [4]

Rwendo Rwomudzimu rwaChihiro Somufambi Wenzvimbo YechiShinto

Chihiro rinotevera chimiro chetsika yenzvimbo yakavakirwa mumuitiro weShinto. Anopinda munzvimbo yeriminal, anosangana nemiedzo iyo inobvisa zita rake rapakuvamba, anodzidza madenderedzwa enyika yemidzimu, uye akabuda ashandurwa. Nyanzvi dzechitendero chokuenzanisa dzakacherekedza kuti Shinto yenzvimbo tsvene inowanzobatanidza kucheneswa kwomuviri nokufananidzira, kuwirirana nezvinoyera, uye kudzokera kunyika ine murangariro mutsva. Rwendo rwaChihiro runoratidzira iyi nhano nenhano.

Pakusvika muimba yokugezera, Chihiro anomanikidzirwa kushanda Yuba, muroyi anodzora kuvakwa. Chikamu chebvumirano yake chinobatanidza kuisa varavi vezita rake — “Chihiro” muShinto, mazita anova anokosha zvikuru mumudzimu; anogona kuva midziyo yezivikanwo nebatano youmwari. Yuba haisi chishandiso chete asi chiito chomudzimu chokudzora. Kupfurikidza nokudzora Sen, Yubaba anoedza kumubvisa munguva yake yakapfuura uye iye amene. Chihiro anoyeudzira zvishoma nezvishoma zita rake rakazara, rinotsigirwa neyeuko yaHaku yeKokia River, rinova chinhu chinokosha kukusunungurwa kwake. Chiba chirevo chaanomumirira. Chiba chirevo chinoreva kusunungurwa pakusimbiswa kwake.

Kusangana naKami Senhungamiro Dzetsika Nedzomudzimu

Horo yokugeza inoshanda senzira yemarudzi ose e mi, imwe neimwe ichiunza mitoro yavo nezvidzidzo. Kufambidzana kwaidzo navo hakusati kuri kungovawo zvakwo zviitiko zveipuko; inoshanda semiedzo inoumba nzwisiso yake yetsika. Muenzaniso unoshamisa zvikurusa ndiwo “mudzimu unonhu unonhu unonhuwa, unokuvadza, unobudisa mudzimu unosvibiswa. Chihiro anogoverwa kumugeza, uye kuita kudaro anowana munzwa unoiswa parutivi pake. Sezvaanounobudisa, rukova rwezvirango zvavanhu nechose bhasikoro runodururwa, mudzimu unoratidzwa kuva rwizi runosvibiswa [FLD [F] [2] [FF]].[4]

Mimwe midzimu inoidza tsitsi dzake nokuzvininipisa. Apo Chiripo chinotanga kuparira njodzi, kushambira tsvimbo yeimba yokugezera nendarama inova dhaka, kuramba kwaChihiro kunyengedzwa nepfuma yokunyama kunoratidzira kutendeseka kwake. MuShinto, midzimu inoregeredzwa kana kuti inozvidza inogona kuva munhu asina kujeka: jusa rake nehavit inowirirana ne inoratidzira [[FLT]] [[FLT]]] [[FLT]] [1] [muitiro womutsa] womutsa — unomutungamirira kubva paimba yokugezera, achiziya nenzara nokuda kwokuonga. MuShinto, inoregeredzwa kana kuti inozvidza inogona kuva mirangariro yechirume (mufungo une chokuita [FLT] 2]] [[FLT]]]] [3]]), uye chiito chapambwa chomutsa — chinomutungamirira kubva pamusha uye chinopiwa chomusha chake chapa) chishamba chipfu chapa chinoitwa chinoitwa chinoitwa chishamba chinoitwa chipfu. — mira mira mira mira mira

Imba Yokugezera Senzvimbo Tsvene Yokutenga

Imba yokugezera inopfuura zvikuru nzvimbo; iduku-duku yedzidzo yeShinto yechisiko chose. Kubhatirwa muJapan kune revo huru dzomudzimu, namatsime anopisa echisiko kazhinji kazhinji anorangarirwa senzvimbo apo nyika dzomunhu nedzemamwari dzinosangana. Hotera inoshanda se kami] chipatara, nzvimbo apo midzimu inocheneswa kushatiswa munzvimbo yavanhu. Unhu huri hwose — tsika huru yokuchera mvura, mabhati amakwenzi amakwenzi, kukwenzirorororo — kuratidzira kutsvina noutsvina ([FLT:] chipatara] , chipatara [FLT]] ]] [FLT]]]] [ik3]]).

Chirevo chavafundisi mukati meimba yokushambira chinoratidzirawo zvivako zveminamato zveShinto. Yuba inoshanda savaprista vakuru, achisimbisa zvibvumirano nokutarisira upfumi hutsvene. Vashandi, kazhinji kazhinji vakachinja mhuka kana kuti midzimu miduku, vanoita mabasa akafanana kuvarindi venzvimbo dzokunamatira. Kunyange vasot surrites (] suwatari ) inotakura marasha anomirira midzimu yenzvimbo dzeimba yakaderera zvikuru asi ichiri inokosha — chiyeuchidzo chokuti muShinto, kunyange kunyura kwakaderera kwokuvapo kunogarwa noupenyu husingaoneki. Chihiro anosunda kudzidza mitemo yetsika: kukota, kuonga, uye kuziva kukosha kweminamato yebasa.

Rucheno, Kushatisa, uye Kushatiswa Kwetsika

Shinto inoita musiano mukuru pakati pa [[[FLT: 0] (mutsvene, wakachena) uye keke [ (profane, zuva riri rose), uye pakati porucheno ([[[FLT]]] kiyokime [[[FLT]5]]) nokushatiswa ([FLT: 6] kega [[FT]] [FLTY:7]]). Firimu inoisa aya mapoka zvakajeka. Mudzimu unova usina kushatiswa, wakarongeka, uye uzere woupenyu apo unoshanda zvakanaka; kupindira kwezvirasiro, kushatsa kwavanhu, kusingashatiswa, kusinganzwisisiki, apo mhepo inoparira mhepo inoshatika. [[10]

Haana Chiso Uye Haakuvadzi Chishuvo Chisina Kuzadzika

Hakuna chiso chinokurukurwa zvikurusa mu Chinoparirwa neChishinto, uye mumurangariro wechipokani iye anobatanidza kami yehavi yehasha nehasha. Chimiro chake — chitema, chinovhengana nechifukishana — chine chifukidziro chechiso chisina chinhu — chinokarakadza mudzimu usati wasvika chiminogarira. Iye anovamba sechinhu chinonyarara, chinodokuva chinorembera kunze kweimba yokugezera, chinopanga suo. Anongopedza udyire netsvina zvakapoteredza kwaari, anokudza mavara iwayo. Anopiwa, anoparadza zvikuru, kusvikira ava musengwa wakaipa zvikuru. Icho chinoratidzira kuzvikudza kwokuzvitutuma kana kuti kuonga vanhu.

Chihiro anopindura zvinorayiridza. Anoramba ndarama yake uye anomupa mushonga unoporesa — mushonga unoparwa naye parwizi kami. Ichi chiito chinobvisa ushati hwetsvina yakaunganidzwa, uye hasha dzake dzinoderera. Chiono chacho chinhu chetsika yokubvisa tsvina muduku: ruzvinatsi runodira vashandi veimba yokugezera nevara ravo, kudzorera No-backer, nyika inotyisidzira zvishoma. Gare gare gare, Chihiro anomutora parwendo rwokuenda kuZeniba’a, rwendo runoratidzira muitiro weShinto ye [FLT:] [FLT] [FF] [FLAN] [F]

Kudzidza Kunoita Mudzimu Worwizi Netsika

Hapana chiono chinoenzanisira kubatanidzwa kwedzidziso dzeShinto netsinhiro yemhoteredzo nesimba zvikuru kupfuura kucheneswa kwomudzimu worwizi. Apo mudzimu unonhuhwira unotanga kusvika, imba yokugezera inogadzirira nokuda kwedenho inokatyamadza; kunhuwa kukuru, uye kuva musiya mukoto weslqued. Chihiro, akagoverwa basa racho, anowana “munzwa” unowana chaizvoizvo“ muchina wesimbi unobuda parutivi rwomudzimu. Paunodhonza, gomba retsvina yomunhu — mabhodhoro, matayi, simbi, uye bhasikoro — zvinobuda, zvichizivisa kuzivikanwa kwomudzimu sechidhori chinonamira. Iyi inguva ino inongedzerwa zvakananga kuupenyu chaihwo hwenzizizi mukati medhina. Miya, yakakurukura murwizi rwake muyero, yakakurumbira kuti yabva murwizi rwakachena.

MuchiShinto, nzizi dzine revo zvikuru senzvimbo dzokuchenesa. Muitiro we migi kazhinji kazhinji unobatanidza kumira pasi pebopoma kana kuti kuzvinyudza umene murwizi kuti ubvise marara. Mudzimu wakashatiswa worwizi naizvozvo kuputsa nhevedzano yomusikirwo — kutyiswa neregeredzo yavanhu. Chihiro chiito chamazaicho chiito chikuru chokuporesa mhoteredzo. Mudzimu, kana wacheneswa, unozivisa chiso chakanaka, chakafanana neshato ndokubva nokuomba kwomufaro, uchisiya shure kwepfuma yendarama. Ndarama haisati iri mubayiro mupfungwa yamakaro youngwaro asi kwezvamavoko, kuonga uko kunokudzwa zvakafanira [FLD:] [FF] [2]

Kuzivikanwa Kwetsika Pakati Pekare Netsva

Yakatemerwa kunzvimbo yakazadzwa nezvivako zvegamuchidzanwa. Mukoto wemikova yapaimba yaChihiro unobva panzvimbo yenhaka yazvino uno, isina kusvibiswa uye misha yezvitoro unopinda munzvimbo yakazadzwa nezvivako zvegamuchidzanwa, gamuchidzanwa, uye tsika. Mutambo wemisoro pasuo pamusuo weimba yeimba yeimba yeimba yeShinto, unogadzirwa mumuitiro wetsika yenhaka, unoratidza nguva yemberi yenhaka apo inoiswa munyu. Miyazaki inonangwa nenzira yamanomano-mano inoitwa nezvinoshambarwa zvechinyakare. Muzaki anobhadhara kuti ashambadzira sei nzvimbo dzinoyera, dzinobvisa midzi yavo yezvokushamba. Kushamba, kuchiridzwa, kuri kupenyu uye kumhanya, nzvimbo inotengeswa , apo inotengeswa, [FLK:]

Kubatwa kwefirimu yeyeuko yetsika kunotambanukira kuudzame huduku. Chihiro ambuya vakafanana navanachidhiro, Zeniba, anogara muimba iri pakati penyika, achiruka nokushandisa mashiripiti akanyarara. Nyika yake inomirira dare reShinto, nguva yazvino uno pakanga parakararama. Rwendo rwechitima kugura nzvimbo yakazadzwa, navakwiri vanotarira semidzimu yakabva kunyika, inomutsa mufananidzo wemweya yakabva kumusha ichienda kune imwe nyika, chiono cheShinto nechiBuddha chinozivikanwa nenzvimbo chapashure pefi. Haku’sforstry — kuti rwizi rwake rwakanga rwagadzirirwa nzira nokuda kwedzimba — inzwiro yemhiro yemhiro yemhiro yemhiroro yetsika yavose. [FLT] [1]

Tsika Dzokukurukurirana: Kupa, Kuonga, uye Basa

Gebha rese rinoshanda pamutinhimira wetsika dzokutsinhana. Zvirairo zvinopiwa kumidzimu nemhemberero dzakasanorongwa; ndiro, mareyi, uye zvisaririra zvinobatwa zvakanaka. Zviratidzo zvokugeza uye marapi emakwenzi zvinotevera zivo yegamuchidzanwa yapfuudzwa muzvizvarwa. Kubatana kwechihiro kunobudirira kunotsamira pakudzidza mabumbiro aya: anofanira kukotamira Yuba, anoonga murume wemota, uye kukumbira zvine runyara. Izvi hazvisi zviito zvechishongo asi kuratidzira nheyo yeShinto ye [[FLT:][FLT:] [FLT]] [FLT]] [2] [FLT]] na[FLD2] [FLT]]

Imwe yenguva dzinotapura zvikurusa ndeiyo Chihiro anoenda kumba kwaZeniba uye anopiwa bhendi revhu remashiripiti rinoitwa nemidzimu yeshamwari dzake. Bvudzi, rakarukwa nechiedza nevavariro, rinova chitumwa chedziviriro. MuShinto, omamori [[FLT]] [inzvimbo inoyera] ne [[FLT]] opuda[[FLT]] [[FLT]] [mash] [masmans], anozivikanwa navose, anodavira kuva nesimba re [[FLT:] [4] [mi] [FLT] kana kuti nzvimbo inoyera]. Ichi, chakasikwa namadziro, uye vamwe vakwa, sezviratidziro, zvinorangarirwa noushamwari. Kudzosera basa rake rokudzoka shure, kunyange kumunhu anogadzirira, kudzokera shure, kumudzimu wake.

Kudzoka Nokuzivikanwa Kunowedzera

Chihiro muedzo wokupedzisira — kuzivisa vabereki vake pakati peboka renguruve — kazhinji kazhinji kunorondedzerwa senguva yezvokwadi yomunyu. Yuba anoisa chibvumirano pamberi pake, uye Chihiro anofanira kusarudza pasina zvinooneka zvokunze. Kutaura kwake kuti hapana imwe yenguruve mubereki wake kunoratidza zvinopfuura ungwaru; kunoratidza kuti akapinzazve kujeka kwomudzimu kwakawanikwa muimba yokugezera. Hakuchinozoonazve nameso azvino uno, nyika inotenga asi nomwoyo ([[FLT: 0]]] koro [FLT: 1])) yakanatswa nemiitiro netsitsi. Kuwanazve zita rake uye kubetsera Haku kuyeuka, akadzorerazve mabatano ake kuzivikanwa kwake amene uye kuzivikasikirwo.

Apo mhuri inobva mumukoto, nyika inoratidzika kuva isina kuchinja. Motokari ichiri yakafukidzwa norunyararo, sokunge kuti hakuna nguva yapfuura, chishandiso chinoratidzira kumonyaniswa kwenguva ye kakakakushi[. Chihiro chinoshandurwa. Chinofamba nenzwi rakanyarara, anotarira nokutsiga. Bvudzi rinopenya, uye vateereri vanoziva kuti anotakura yeuko yenzvimbo yemidzimu mukati make. Iyi mhedziso inowirirana nesimbiso yeShinto pa [[FLT:][FLT:] [FLT]] [FLT]], simba rakavanzika rekubatana nokukura. Rwendo rwakero rwaaveri kwete kupukunyuka kubuda muukama hwake. Iye akakanganwa ukama hwake nomutauro wake. [FT]

Kupedzisa: Chionioni Chomudzimu cheJapan Yapamberi Pamakore Azvino

Yakaumbwa netsika netsika uye chinyorwa chomudzimu. Mumeso eChihiro, vateereri vanokokwa kuona nyika sokuona kunoita Shinto: yakagadzirwa nemidzimu isingaverengeki, yakaumbwa netsika dzokuonga nokuchenesa, uye yakatyisidzirwa nokusakendenga kwavanhu. Firimu yacho haipi mhinduro yakapfupi nenharo pakati pegamuchidzanwa nerechinyakare, asi inoomerera paukoshi hwokuyeuka — kuyeuka zita romunhu, nzizi dzomunhu, madzitateguru, uye utsvene hwemabasawo zvawo omutsa. Vadzidzi navadzidzisi vanoongorora bhaisikopo, vanopinda kurukurirano dzayo dzakapfuma pamusoro pezivika, mhoteredzo yazvinomera, uye mifungo mikuru yerudzidziso. Miza inodudza kuti nzvimbo inoshambarwa zvikuru, sezvo muimwe imba inodudzwa basa, uye nzvimbo huru yetsikano.

Kunzverazve, varavi vanganzvera zviwanikwa zvakadai se chirevo cheChishinto kana kuti Studio Ghibli’s mapeji echiOfficial [[[FLT:]] Apply] ya [[FLT:]] .[FLT:][FLT][5] [[FLT]] [5]] [[muchiJapani]. Academic's [[FLT]] Mazaki’s Aimmord [[FLT:]] neEFLT] E. Naer (anowanika mumariporifasirejiro mazhinji]. Chikumbiro chinopfuurira [FT] Nesumo]