Imba yokugezera inozivikanwa seAbura inopfuura nzvimbo inomira yemaoresa muHayao Miyazaki yakafema. Inoshanda sechinhu chakafanana chenyika yemidzimu yakaoma, nzvimbo inoenzana apo vamwari vakakanganwika, vanamwari, uye mweya yakabviswa inonamatira kutsika dzinooneka — uye kazhinji kazhinji chirtique — nzanga yavanhu. Nomusikana wegore rakareba gumi anogumbuka kupinda munyika ino netsaona, musasa uri wose, mushanyi, uye mutemo unova muedzo uyo unovazve. Mudzimu hausati uri chitarisiko kana kuti chionoritiole kana kuti chiroto; unodzorwa nechadenga, uye kudzokororwa kwendangariro.

Kutenderera Kwomudzimu Nenzvimbo Pakati Penyika

Miyazaki anovaka nyika yemidzimu senzvimbo iripo yemamininal iripo parutivi peJapan yazvino uno. Suo rinoratidzika kuva nzvimbo yakasiyiwa yemisoro, asi paruvara muganhu unopfava. Vabereki vaChihiro, vakakwezvwa nokunhuhwira kwezvokudya zvisingatarisiwi, kuyambuka pasina kuziva kuti vakasiya denga romunhu. Iyi nguva inorerutsa pfungwa yechiMaroric commotary ye [FOLD:] [[FLT]] [[FLT: 1] — kuvengwa navamwari kana kuti masimba anopfuura omuzvarirwo — pfungwa iri pakati kwazvo pengano yeJapan iyo yakapa kuti ipedze musoro wayo wapakuvamba, S kuChiro kana kuti chikashishi chadzokera kuvabereki vake vadzorwa. [FT] [FLAN] [ka]

Bhiriji kuimba yokugezera ndirimwe danho, iro Chihiro anoyambuka achibate mweya wake kuti asaonekwa. Pano, chivako chacho chinoratidza mubatanidzwa wenzvimbo inochengeterwa zvinhu zvehurumende yeEdo-nguva ino, temberi yeShinto, mafaro echiHindu, uye shamhu dzeEurope, mashoko anooneka ayo nyika yemidzimu inokwereta kubva kunhambo netsika dzakawanda. Studio Ghibli’s munyuzikesi [[FL:1] inoumba iyi michina yakagadzirwa, inokoka vashanyi kuti vafambe mumuviri nomunzvimbo umo zvinhu chaizvoizvo zvinovigwa. Kamwe, Chihi anoudzwa naHaku, mukomana anoshumira Yuba, kuti nzira bedzi irambe kushanda. Mudzimu unorevesa basa renyika inosashanda sechisino; kukumbira kuti vashambadzira kupfumbira pasina donzo.

Mitemo Isina Kunyorwa yeBatimba

Ichishanda mukutonga kwedare reYubaba, Abulaya - tambo yeimba yokugezera inoita zvibvumirano, inoisa zita, uye basa rokungwarira. Mutemo unooneka zvikurusa ndiro simba ramazita. Yuba anobvisa vashandi vake muuranda hwavo hwepakuvamba, achivatsiva nemoniker dzakareruka. Chihiro anova “Sen,” uye sezvo iye amene anobvuma, anodokukanganwa kuti iye akambova munhu upi noupi. Haku, uyo asingagoni kuyeuka zita rake chairo kana kuti akararama kare, akapedza makore akawanda muuranda, dragoni yake inoumba mubatanidzwa wakananga kurwizi rwaakambodzivirira. Mutemo uyu unoratidzira kuti kuziva zita rechokwadi romudzimu kunopa simba pamusoro pakwo — pfungwa inooneka mutsika dzose dzechiShinto kuti izivike. Kuyeuka zita rake reKohikuro, uye kuyeuka zita rake sechiratidzo chokuzivikanwa soMurwi weChiro.

Chikwereti nomusengwa zvinoumba shongwe yechipiri. Muitiro mumwe nomumwe unopinzwa mudandemutande, kubva kuvasot sprites vanotakura marasha nokuda kweKamaji kusvikira kuChihiro basa iro rinovavarira kuripa chitarisiko chokuchinja vabereki vake. Yubaba anoraira basa mukutsinhana nenzvimbo tsvene — paraodhis gadziriro yebasa yakasimba umo uko ukoshi hwomunhu hunoyerwa nokugadzirwa kwemari. Bva kunyange Yubaba haagoni kunzvenga mutemo wechiproprota: apo Chihiro inopfuura nenzira inobudirira kuedza kwake kwokupedzisira, Yubaba inofanira kumurega achienda. Chibaba, zvisinei, chibvumirano chokushandisa chibharo, chinobatira mativi ose ari maviri.

Mutemo wechitatu unoitira hanya kushatiswa nokucheneswa. Sezvo imba yokugezera inonatsa midzimu yetsvina yazvinounganidza kubva munyika yavanhu. Kuratidzirwa kunoshamisa zvikurusa kwaikoku kunoitika apo mudzimu unonhuwa, unonaya nokufukidzwa neshava, unosvika. Rutanda rwose runovhunduswa, asi Chihiro runogoverwa kuipinda. Sezvo anodhonza chinhu chakafanana neminzwa chakaroverwa muchisiko, mvura yamabhasikoro, marara, uye tsvina yeindasitiri inobuda, zvichiratidzira mudzimu wakaisvonaka werwizi pasi. Chiono chacho chinoratidzira kuti chinoratidzika kuva chinotyisa chingakuvadzwa, uye kuti kuchenesa kwechokwadi kunoda kunangana namanyuko okushatsa. Mudzimu, mupfungwa iyi, sechioni chamabhana, chinoita kuti vaone miuyo yavanoregeredzwa.

Nzvimbo Nenzvimbo Dzenzvimbo Dzinoyera

Sabhavhu Riri Mushonga Uduku

Buraya haisati iri nzvimbowo zvayo yebasa; inzvimbo yapamusoro yakatenderwa. Uriri hwapamusoro ndehwaYuba, nzvimbo dzayo dzakakwirira dzakazadzwa nemidziyo yeEurope nemwana wake anotyisa Boh. Mwero wakaderera unogara kamuri revira, nzvimbo yeindasitiri umo Kamaji, mukweguru wakawanda, anoraira vakweguru vesoot sprites. Iyi mitsetse yegirazi renzanga yehuraichi: nzvimbo yakakwirira yezvinamutambara zvakanaka, apo boka ravashandi rinogara mumhizha nomumumvuri. Vashanyi vomudzimu vanobatwa sevakidzwa, kariro dzavo dzinoumba mubato wose wenzvimbo inosimudziyo. shavazhina wokushamba — masherefu, masherefureti — masherefurefu — maruva mafashoni enzanga anotenderera panzvimbo inochengetwa norunako.

Chitima Chiri Mberi Kwemvura

Imwe yenzvimbo dzinotambudza zvikurusa iri panzvimbo dzinopfuura nzvimbo dzokushambira. Pashure penyongano yaparirwa nemudzimu Noupe, Chihiro anokwira chitima chinoyambuka mugungwa rinoratidzika kuva risingagumi. Rwendo runomutora neshamwari dzake, shiri yakashandurwa Boh neyaYu-Bird, kuenda Swump Mozam, apo Zeniba, munun'una waYuba, anogara muimba yakanyarara. Iyi nzvimbo inoshanda papfungwa yakasiana: iruwa, yakadzikama, uye haina zvokutengeserana. Chitima chinogarwa nemumvuri, chinodzikama vakwidza pazviteshi zvinooneka, chinovarairidza kumhanya. Chiro anowana kujeka kure kure kure kubva parutsiko rweimba yokushamba. Chiro chinomira kumira kurukurirano yezvitima sechitima. Chitima chinomira kufamba mumugwagwa unoona kumhanya.

Gadziriro yeZeniba Nezvisungo Zvakagadzirwa

PaSwamp Bottom, Chihiro anowana kuti Zeniba haasati ari muparadziri Yuba anorondedzerwa. Iro igweta rinorerekera rakaitwa namaoko pamusoro petyisidziro yamashiripiti. Chidyo chaanogoverana naChihiro neshamwari dzake, uye tambo yebvudzi yaanoruka sezango rinodzivirira, anosimbisa kuti tarisiro yechokwadi inogona kukurira rwisano dzeropa. Iyi nzvimbo inodzidzisa kuti kuporesa kunowanzoitika munzvimbo dzomumba, kure nechiono cheimba yokugezera. Kunoratidzirawo kuti midzimu ine mavara maviri — Yuba neZeniba, makaro nemhena — mativi emari imwe, imwe neimwe iri madikanwa kurondedzera imwe.

Midzimu Sechinofungwa

Haana Chiso uye Haadi Chishuvo

Hakusi kutarisana zvimwe kungava mugari wemidzimu asinganzwisisiki zvikurusa. Kuvamba sechifukidziro chinyararire, chinopenya, iye anova mudyi ane makaro mukuru pashure pokuziva kuti ndarama yake inogona kutenga ngwariro nesimba. Kudya kwake zvokudya, zviratidzo zvokugeza, uye kunyange mitezo yetsvimbo zvinowedzera kusvikira Chihiro awana tambo inopfungaira yakanyarara, inomumanikidza kubvisa chinhu chiri chose chaakatora. Hakuna chishuvo chisingadzoreki, ushoma uhwo nzanga yazvino uno kazhinji kazhinji kazhinji hunovanza nokunangidzira zvinhu zvokunyama. Apo iye anotevera Chihiro ku Zeniba ndokuwana jibharo yedonzo rakanyarara, pakupedzisira. Chircus anozivisa mutemo mukuru wenyika: Kusava namarara hakugoni kupedzwa; kuporeswa kupfurikidza nokubatanidzwa kwapachokwadi nebasa.

Mudzimu Woupenzi Navarindi Venzanga

Panzvimbo pevanhu vanonyanya kuzivikanwa, nzvimbo dzokugezera dzakazara nemidzimu inomiririra kuwanda kwezvirimwa uye masimba echisiko. Mudzimu mukuru wemarara, ukanyarara uye unoshivirira, unoperekedza Chihiro kuuriri hwapamusoro pasina kurayira chinhu chipi nechipi. Vashanyi veOshira-sama, vachengeti vedaikon radhish, munhu werudzi anodzivirira zvirimwa nokubereka. Ukuru hwake nokunyarara kwake zvinopa chimiro chechiremera chakanaka chinopesana nomutemo unodzvinyirira weYuba. Vamwe vashanyi, kufanana nemidzimu yakasiyana - siyana inovharidzira, vanomutsa rudzi rwevamwari vasingaverengeki vavanhu vakarasikirwa navanamati vavo vomunzvimbomo uye zvino zvinotsvaka kunyaradzwa mudzimba dzokushamba. Nzvimbo dzavo dzenyika umo munogara temberi inoyeurirwa nokuyeuka, uye kutsaurwa kwechokwadi.

Kuchinja kwaChihiro uye Chinoumba Heroine

Chihiro anopinda munyika yemidzimu achichema nokuvhunduka, achinamatira kumaoko avabereki vake. Rwendo rwake runomumanikidza kufamba munyika inobvisa dziviriro dzouhwana. Mukati mamazuva, iye anokurukura naYuba, anochenesa mudzimu worwizi, anonangana Nouni, uye anoita rwendo rwechitima kuti aponese Haku. Uku kukurumidza ibasa remhare asi kupinza simba rake mutsitsi nomutoro. Anodzidza kurava sundo dzemidzimu, kuona kupfurikidza nezvishandiso zvaYuba, uye kuvimba nemirangariro yake amene kunyange apo munhu ari wose akapoteredza anosundwa namakaro. Mudzimu unoita somubato wesimba ramashiripiti asi haupi simba rake routsiro uye unoita kuti ashandise simba rake routsiripo.

Ukama hwake naHaku hunosimbisazve uku kuchinja. Haku inobatanidza mudzimu worwizi rwakaitwa nefambiro mberi yeguta, kuzivisa kuzivikanwa kwake. Kupfurikidza nokuyeuka zita rake rechokwadi — Rwizi rwaKohaku — Chihiro — harungomusununguri bedzi asiwo kudzorera chikamu chenyika yomusikirwo icho yeuko yakasiya. Chihiro, umo chisarudzo chebhaisikopo chacho chinozivisa zvakarurama kuti hakuna imwe yenguruve vabereki vake, chinoratidzira kukura kwake. Iye akaisa mukati chidzidzo chemidzimu chokuti rudo nengwariro zvinogona kuona nyengedzo dzakaiswa.

Nheyo Dzetsika Nedzengano

Miyazaki Nhevedzo dzinogara nezvinoitika zvomusikirwo — miti, makomo, uye magariro avanhu izvo zvinopa nyika ururami hwayo. Shinto, umudzimu hwemo yeJapan, inodzidzisa kuti vamwari (kami )) vanogara muzvinoitika zvomusikirwo — miti, makomo — uye kuti vanhu vanofanira kuzvikudza kupfurikidza nemiitiro yokuchenesa. Hotera yacho imene inzvimbo yezuva razvino uno, nzvimbo umo kushatiswa kwoupenyu hwazvino uno kunoshatiswa. Chihiro chinova nechiito chokuchenesa mudzimu worwizi chinofanana nomufungo weShinto [FL:] [FF] [FF] [F], [F], muitiro wokuchenesa kudzokera kunzvimbo inodzosa.[5]

Muitiro waYuba unoreva mufananidzo we yamanba, gomo vharuti rinogona kuva zvose zviri zviviri zvinotyisa uye kuva amai. Mapapati ake akafanana Zeniba anomirira chimwe chiso cheburu — mukadzi akachenjera anogara pamicheto. Maviri acho anoratidzira uviri hwechisiko sezvose zvinoparadza nezvinorera. Sootsprite (Suwatari) akaoneka mumamwe mabhaisikopo eGhibli uye anonyandurwa nepfungwa yokuti kunyange guruva rinogona kuva nemweya munyika inoonekwa nechinhu chinonamatwa. Kunyange zvokudya, kubva kumadyo enyama avabereki kurwa kwezvipembenene kuChiro, kuchema kwehai, kurema kwemupunga, kutakura zvokudya zvinoiswa muchanga: chikafu chenyama chinopa nyika inoparirana chikafu, chinoparira chikafu, sechino chetsika chikaro.

Kuchinja Kunogamuchirwa Nokukudzwa Kwazvino Uno

Mitemo yenyika yemidzimu — utsvene hwemazita, zvikwereti zvebasa, kucheneswa kweshatiso — zvinotambanudza mirangariro yazvo kure kupfuura shoo. Munguva yenhamo yezvitengi zvakawanda nemhoteredzo, bhaisikopo inorava sengano yokukurumidzira. Mudzimu womurwizi wakavhungwa namarara haisi fungidzi asi mubatanidzwa wemikoto yemicheto yomuguta. Hapana ndarama yendarama yakacherwa nejechaidzo inobvisa kusava noupfumi husingagoni kurapa. Kuramba kwendarama yoNo - Shake ndarama kunobetsera kurondedzera gadziriro youkoshi hunopfuudzira ukama hwemagariro. Samba rebhabhabhata, apo vashandi vanochinja chiziviso nechishandiro chenguva dzose nokuda kwemutungamiriri wemabhizimisi, kurira funganya pamusoro pezvemari yezvero.

Pamwoyo wayo, nyika yemidzimu ya Yakashatiswa [[FLT: 1]] kuti ndangariro norudo zvine simba rokuchinja kunyange kutuka kwakadzika midzi. Chihiro haikundi chikanganidzo nesimba; anoshandisa tsika yakaoma kupfurikidza nokuyeuka kuti ndiani uye nokutambanudzira tsitsi kuvaputsi vakaputsika nokukanganikwa. Nyika yaanobva shure haiparadzwi asi inodzorerwa, kunyange nokuda kwemweya yaakabata. Sezvinoita mabhaisikopo nemugero kuzvinhu zvenyika zvomunhu zvinoonekazve, Chihiro anofamba navabereki vake, anoratidzika kuva asingachinjiki kunze. Asi mitemo yenyika yave yakaiswa paari, chiyeuchidzo chaichoicho nechevo chati chakasiyana, asi yakadzidzwa, uye kuyeuka, asingarangariri, kupfuurira kurangarira mamwe mabasa. — Kupfuurira kurangarira mamwe.

Iyi fashoni yakavharwa inokurudzira kutarira nokunzvera kwakadzama. [[FLT :] Ghibli peji yemifananidzo yemitambo yetsika yakanyorwa, kubvira pazvinyorwa zvehofisi kusvikira kudzidzo yescreen symposia. Nyika ye Dhiviswo Inoramba iripo [ nokuti yakavakirwa panheyo idzo dzinorangarira kuti dzakare asi dzichitaura zvakananga kukurumidzira kumiedzo youpenyu hwazvino uno. Munzvimbo yemichina yemichina yemichina yegore inopfupindwa, kusimba kwebhaisirwa kwenzi kuti zita rinoyera uye kuti mutsa unogona kuchenesa kunyange kuva norunyara zvikurusa, runofadza. Ndirwo rwokupedzisira rwomudzimu: chaunogona kukanganwa, asi unogona kukanganwa.