Chiratidzo chave chiri simba guru mukuratidzirwa kwevaraidzo netsika, kuumba nzira iyo nhau dzinofungidzirwa uye dzinowanwa muzvizvarwa. Kuvambira pamaflipbook anokweva maoko kusvikira kunyika dzemichina yemichina, svikiro yave ichingogara ichishanduka kupfurikidza nechiono chenzvimbo dzinoparadza zvinhu izvo zvakatsunga kudenha unyanzvi nerondedzero dzekokorodzano. Nyaya ino inotara nguva yezvigadziko zvemifananidzo, ichisimbisa mabasa azvo emitambo netapuro inogara nguva yazvakava nayo paindasitiri yenyika yose.

Dawn Yokurondedzera Kuedzesera

Mavambo emifananidzo anotambanudzwa kupfuura nhambo yefirimu, nezvidhori zvemeso zvakafanana nezooki nepraxinoscope inokwezva vateereri muzana ramakore rechi19. Zvisinei, kwakanga kuri kuumbwa kwedzimba dzokugadzira dzakatsaurirwa dzakashandura mifananidzo kuva mufananidzo wezvokutengeserana. Mastudio apakuvamba akavaka unyanzvi hwenheyo (mafashoni ehwaro), kuwirirana kwenzwi, uye nhau yetsika inorondedzerwa yaizorondedzera mamiriro ezvinhu amakore.

Winsor McCay uye Proto-Studio Era

Mastudio etsika asati abuda, nyanzvi dzimwe nedzimwe dzakadai seWinser McCay dzakaratidzira mano emifananidzo. 1914 yake pfupi Geritie Dinosaur akashandisa vara rine hunhu nerokushandisa, kutanga purani yenyeredzi dzinooneka. Basa ra McCay', raiwanzogadzirwa neboka duku revabatsiri, rakabvumikisa kuti kuyera kwemifungo kwaigona kuva noudzame, kuisa hwaro hwegadziriro yestudio yakatevera.

Walt Disney Studios (1923)

Yakatangwa naWalt naRoy O. Disney, stadio yakava yakafanana nokutangwa kwechinhu pashure pokubudiswa kwe chikepe Willie muna 1928. Sechimwe chemifananidzo yokutanga ine wirirano yakavhengana kwazvo, yakasuma Mikey Mouse kunyika ndokuratidza simba rokuroora kana kuti kufananidzwa. Studio yakatungamirira kufivha, Technicolor, uye fault filimi yekutanga, inoisa Disney's panzvimbo somutungamiriri weindasitiri. Nokuda kwekutaridzika kwamashoko apakuvamba, shanyo ye [FLT:]

Fleischer Studios (1921)

Hama Max naDave Fleischer vakavaka shopu inozivikanwa nokuda kwemadhorobha ayo anosetsa. Zviratidzo zvakafanana ne Popeye uye [[FLT] Betty Boop yakava zvifananidzo zvetsika ne-dgueggy, kufambisa rab kwakaitwa kuti kubvire nokugadzirwa kweroboscope, uko kwaironda kurarama netsoka kuti ive shoo yokugadzira zvinhu zvinonyadzikisa. Studio yakagadzirwawo nemiitiro yestereous nokuda kwemiitiro mitatu yemanyuko yematuro yematuro yeriququé nejazz yakakatanu yakachinjwa zvakananga.

Rotte Reiniger naMapiona Ane Silhouette eEurope

Nepo isati iri shopu huru yezvokutengeserana, Lotte Reiniger's ibasa remifananidzo yemifananidzo muGermany mukati mama 1920 rinomirira nhano huru yebasa. Rutivi rwake Vapindi vaPrince Achmed[ [1926] ndirimwe ramativi ekaresa achiripo, richishandisa kucheka mapepa namagetsi. Uku kuedza kwapakuvamba mumifananidzo mirefufu inorondedzera uye kugadzira makamera akawanda zvinoumbwa na Disney, kuratidzira chimiro chamarudzi ose chokuvamba.

Nguva Yakaisvonaka Yesimbi (1930s - 1950)

Mukati maaya makumi amakore, mifananidzo yakakura kuva indasitiri yevaraidzo yakavharwa chose chose. Mipfumo yemitambo yakava inokarirwa nokudisa semafirimu mapenyu anoita chiito, uye mastudio akakwikwidza zvinotyisa kubudisa zvinokatyamadza zvikurusa uye zvinopinza. Maroster akakudzwa, kurondedzera nhau zvakava akaisvonaka zvikuru, uye hwaro hwakavanzarikwa nokuda kwemativi anonyandura ayo aizopfuura miganhu yezera.

Mabhuroku.

Leon Schlesinger-abudisa mifananidzo inosetsa pasi peWarner Bros. mureza wakatanga chitayera cheimba chinorondedzerwa nohunhu hwezany nemoto unokurumidza. Bugs Bunny[, , [[FLT]] Daffy Duck[[[FLLD]], uye [[FLT] P [FLT] P] P [[FLTY] PH yakaumbwa navatungamiriri vakaita seTex Avery, Chuck Jones, naBlampsett. Musengwa wekuronga panguva, rekurukurirano, uye muitiro inodzosodoka, yakaunika, ichiita, ichigadzira chisaririra chapano chapa.

Metro - Goldwyn-Mayer Cartoon Studio

Mitambo yemifananidzo yeMGM, yakasimbiswa nokusvika kwaTex Avery uye gare gare William Hanna naJoseph Barbera, vakaita dzimwe dzemifananidzo mipfupi mizhinjisa yenzvimbo yemitambo. Tom naJerry yakaparadzirwa muna 1940 uye yakapfuurira kuwina miganhu mizhinji yeAcademy Adcademy nomumavanga emuviri neimosfefera. Avery's , kubatanidza Tring Hood[FLT], yakasunda miganhu yezvisina mufungo neyo yoga, inodenha miganhu yeizvo mutambo ungagona kutaura.

Kubatana Kunogadzirwa kweAmerica (UPA) uye Kutanga Kwegadziriro Yazvino Uno

Kubuda mudariro ra1941 paDisey napanguva yemaindasitiri okugadzira mafirimu, UPA yakaparadzana nouchokwadi hune udzame kupfurikidza nokubatanidza, kuvadziko yakajeka yakafuridzirwa nounyanzvi hwazvino uno. Gerald McBoing-Boing (1950) uye [FLT] Mr. Magoo [ nhevedzano yakaganhurirwa kushandisa ratidziro yakaganhurirwa sechiyero chamaune chechisarudzo panzvimbo pechiteshingi. Uhuhuhuhuhu hudzo hunodzokororodzwa muindasitiricha yeterevhizheni, hunonyandura chinhu kumifananidzo miduku inoonekwa gare gare gare mukubudiswa.

Rukundo Rwomubato Rwechimbichimbi

Disney aspected der preset pakati pa 1937 na 1967 yakarondedzerazve izvo vateereri vaikarira kubva mumifananidzo. Now White na Seven Dwarfs (1937]) zvakabvumikisa kuti mufananidzo wakazara wakaita sebhokisi resitorendi. Mafirimu akafanana ne Pinocchio [ [1940], Bambi [[FLT:] [192] [192]), uye Beetting Bea Beat Beast Beetst [[FLD [FL:]] [FLD] [FLT] [59] [59] [5] [ma] mativi akakwirira omukati, madefatirwo, uye murwiyo. Izvi zvinoumba zvinotanga basa nokuzivisa no kuzivisa kuti injo.

Kufamba Kwemifananidzo Kuterevhizheni (ma60s -1970)

Sezvo zvikamu zvemitambo zvakaderera, terevhizheni yakava muganhu mutsva. Bajeti raizivikanwa bva rinokura, shopu duku yakasimudzira chizvarwa chevatambi vasingakanganwiki netsika dzeChitanhatu. Studios yakagadziridzwa kupfurikidza nounyanzvi hwokunatsa hukaganhurirwa, kuchitungamirira kukushandisa zvinobvumirwa nokuda kwechinonyorwa chevhiki nevhiki uye kutengeswa kwetsika dzemifananidzo yeAmerica kusiiwa kudzimwe nyika.

Hanna-Barbera Productions (1957)

William Hanna naJoseph Barba vakakunda terevhizheni nemuchina wokugadzira wakasimbisa kuita inzwi rakasimba, mamiriro ezvinhu akare akare, uye kufamba kuduku. Flintstons (60)) akava chigaro chokutanga chenguva yakakurumbira, nepo [[FLT:] Scooby-Doo, Areak [[FLT:] [FLT]] [69] [19] [5] [5] [5]]

Vasonganiri Vamafirimu (1962)

Firimu yakava inozivikanwa nokuda kwezviito zvayo nenhevedzano yemaschero, kazhinji kazhinji ichishandisa nhevedzano ine mavara ane udzame nokurovha kwakakwana nokuda kwokufamba. Iye-Marume naManister veNdapose pose [19983] [83] fungidziro dzakavhengana nezvidzidzo zvetsika, nepo pakuvamba inoratidzira se Albert naCosby Kids[FLT] zvinobata nhau dzenzanga dzakatemwara zvakananga. Masvikiro avo okurondedzera nhau dzinotevedzerwa uye ruviko pamamiendiro ezvigadzirwa zvemashekero anopesvedzera kukuita kuti zvikunjekei kuFrankis uye mapurogiramu avana kwamakore anouya.

Kumuka KweTV yeJapan Anime

Apo mastudio eAmerica akanga achidzora kumadokero, Japan yakanga ichigadzira zvirongwa zvayo imene zvezviratidziro zveterevhizheni. Osamu Tezuka’s Mushi Production yakaitwa Astro Boy (1963), nhevedzano yokutanga yakakurumbira yeJapan kubudisa denga muU.S. zvitaera zvakaganhurirwa, zvakasundwa nemari yakaganhurirwa nemari inonairwa yapanhau inogombedzerwa, pakupedzisira yakapinda muaimere assetic. Iyi tsinharo yemuko yezvikwara yaidzwa nokuda kwembeudzo yenyika yose gare gare gare gare muzana ramakore.

Kuchinja Kwetsika (1980s - 1990)

Nhambo yokugadzira zvinhu kukuru nokuchinja kweunyanzvi, makumi amakore ano akaona kudhirowa kwamaoko kuchisundwa kusvikira kuganhuriro dzakwo uye ipapo kwakapinzwa kupfurikidza nemifananidzo yakagadzirwa nekombiyuta. Makwikwi eStudio akakuchidzira fungu remafirimu ane chinzvimbo ayo aifadza vose vari vaviri vana navakuru, achidzorera mifananidzo sechimiro chakakomba chounyanzvi hwemifananidzo yemabhaisikopo.

Pixar Polectus Studios (1986)

Chakatanga semubatanidzwa wekombiyuta paLucasfilm yakachinjira kuva CGI studio inopesvedzera zvikurusa yenyika. Rutivi rwokutanga, Stoy Stoograph (195], yakanga iri bhaisikopo rokutanga rekombiyuta yoga yozochinja mamiriro okunze usiku. Nefivhayome [[FLT:] [FLT]] imambo , state naka-refson yakatevera ne [FLT: FLT] yakabva yarovawo.[FFFFF:]

Kurota Kunoita Kuti Munhu Aite Zvemato (1994)

Yakavakwa naSteven Spielberg, Jeffrey Katzen, naDavid Geffen, Varoto SKG vakakurumidza kuita chiratidzo chavo ne Antz uye ipapo chinoitika chePpop-mages [ Shrek[ [2001]. Kusetsa kwavakuru, norvepotisitisitive, uye ut-faity - region yakaratidza kuti mativi anokwanisa kuhwina Os nebhokisi guru rinodzokawo. Studio yakatungamirirawo Franchis [FLD [FLD] Fulve:5]

Studio Ghibli (1985)

Co yakavakwa naHayao Miyazaki naIsao Takahata, iyi shopu yeJapan yakava yakafanana nemifananidzo inokatyamadza inokweviwa namaoko nenhau dzakanangidzirwa zvikuru. Mafirimu akafanana Muvakidzani Wangu Totoro [1988] uye Dhimode Device Off [ [200] [200] [inowana Chisiko chakanakisisa chakatanhamara OSHOS], uye chishongodzodzo munhau dzinofadza nyika yose. Ghibliblis kurambira kugamuchira mapaipi akazara nokuda kwemiitiro yapakuvamba younyanzvi yapakuvamba yakachengeta runako rwetsika rwechinyakare neradzino yakafuridzirwa.

Mapoka Emifananidzo eAarden (1972)

British studio Aardman yakaveza nzvimbo nemira kumira nemifananidzo yevhu nechepasi zvikuru. Wallace & Gromit nhevedzano, kutanga ne Zuva Rakakura [[[FLT]] [1998], uye rutivi [[FLT:]CICEN [2000] [2000]) inoratidza framet--fit-pare-basa remifananidzo uye rudo rwezviono. Aardman akabvumikisa kuti kungwarira, ruoko, ruoko, ruoko, ruoko rwayo rwaigona kuita kuti rusaizire, uye zviratidziro zvarwo zvave zvifananiso zvarwo zvinodiwa munyika yose.

Zana Remakore Rechi21 uye Nekupfuura: Murwi Wenyika Yose

Chiuru chemakore chitsva chakawedzera unyanzvi hwokugadzira mifananidzo, kuparadzira, uye kupesvedzera kwetsika. Studios dzinoberekwa mumichina inogadzirwa nemagetsi, kuyamurana kwenyika yose, uye nguva dzose dzinoratidza kuti dzinokwanisa kubudisa zvinhu zvinobatanidza mafirimu ose anowanika uye anenge aripo. Mitsetse iri pakati pemafirimu, maTV, uye zvinobudisa nhau zviri kuramba zvichichinja.

Blue Sky Studios (87-2021)

Blue Sky Studios, pakuvamba imba ine miuyo yemaziso, yakasvika pamukurumbira ne Nhambo ye frankce. pakuvamba yakasumwa Scrat, saber-toid shangeri ine tsinga dzinomhanya dzakava chiratidzo chemipimo yenyama muCGI. proprietary inoita kuti mvere dzechinyakare uye zvidimbu zvisarirane, zvichiparira kukura kwokukurumidza kwemifananidzo yekombiyuta kupfuura miganhuro yakagadzwa namapiyona apakuvamba.

Laika Studios (2005)

Laika yakavakirwa paOregon yakagamuchira runako rwekusakwana mukumira, kubatanidza zviso zvinokurumidza kutsiviwa uye 3D zvinotsiviwa kuti zviwane chitarisiko chechiso chisina kumboitika. Coline [2009], [FLT] , [FLT]Parager[[[2]Norman][[FLT]] [202] , [2020], uye Kwubo neMito miviri [[FLT:] (2020]) yakagovera rima, nhau dzakajeka dzakamisa kukurukurirana kwemibato yemiitiro yemiitiro yemiitiro yemiitiro yemapikichaidzo nenzvimbo inodzo. Laikaa kuzvipira kuigadziridza kuidzwa namabhirino anokwenyudza.

Kuzvivaraidza (2007)

Mafirimu ane mavara akajeka, ane mitsetse mirefu, Illunication akarova ndarama ne Me inoparirwa na nhevedzano yaro namavara aro okuparadza, michina. Mutezo webhizimisi weIlluminunution unonangidzira pakugadzirwa kwemari (kazhinji kazhinji kushanda nestudio yeFrance Mac Guff) uye kuseka kwakafara kwamarudzi ose, kuchiguma namabhaisikopo akakwirira zvikurusa enguva dzose. Kusvika kwavo pasi pose kunoratidza kuti kushamba kugona sei kupinza mubato wezvo wetsika yemisi ino.

Chivezwa Chinoyevedza (2002)

Chiratidzo cheChitsinga chePronosy Pictures chakatanga nezviono zvakafanana ne Nguva yakazaruka uye Surf's Up[ asi zvirokwazvo yakawana inzwi rayo nevhu rinovhutuka [[[[FLT]] MBHAN] : muSpider-Manheenyuro [[[FLT]] [[FLT]] [20:8]). Firimu yakabatanidzwa 2D yemasketting-book itstetics nerong - ged 3D, ichiita muuyo unodzo wemafashoni wakanga usati watongoonwa. Mutauro uyu wakajeka unopenya unopesvedzera mutsva wemigadziriro inopfura zvikuru.

Cartoon Network Studios NeRenaissance Yevagadziri Vezvinhu

Chiratidzo cheterevhizheni chakawana chiverengero chokuvamba neratidziro dzavasiki-driven mukuvamba kwama 2000. Cartoon Network Studios chakabudisa [[FLT: 0] Dexter’s Laboratory, Chitima cheMubato [[FLT:] [[FLT]], icho chakawedzera icho epicodic yaigona kuva. Fredudios Studos-dhing shopww shoo shoo dzakafanana ne [FLT:][FLT]

mhedziso

Rwendo rwenzvimbo dzinoshandiswa kugadzira zvinhu dzinoshandiswa pakugadzira zvinhu dzinogara dziripo(kuvambira paingi yakanyarara uye pendi kusvika kukugadzirwa chaikoiko kwenguva. Nguva imwe neimwe yakabudisa mabasa emhuka anoratidzira bviro dzemichina nemirangariro yetsika yenguva yayo. Sezvo zvikuva zvitsva namadziva etarenda renyika yose zvinogoverana chikuva navagadziri vemitsetse zvinozvimirira namasimba masimba enyika. Bva musimbo unoramba usingachinjiki: mano okushandisa mifananidzo kuunza nyika dzisingabviri uye vatambi vasingakanganwiki kuupenyu, mafitiro.

  • Winsor McCay – Gertie the Dinosaur (1914)
  • Walt Disney Studios – Steam cato Willie (1928)
  • Fleischer Studios – Papaye (1933)
  • Mabhuroku Ane Chirwere Chinofambisa Makemikari
  • MGM Cartoon Studio – Tom naJerry (1940)
  • UPA – Gerald McBoing-Boing (1950)
  • Disney’s Golden Age – Sleeping Beauty (1959)
  • Hanna-Barbera – The Flintstones (1960)
  • Pixar – Toy Stoe (1995)
  • Kurota Kunoshanda Zvinhu Zvinoyevedza – Shrek (2001)
  • Studio Ghibli – Spirit Awad (2001)
  • Aardman – Wallace & Gromit: Chituko cheAre-Rabbit (2005)
  • Laika – Coline (2009)
  • Sony Pictures show – Mbadado: MuSpeedie-Verse (208)

Nokuda kwemurangariro wakakura pamusoro penhau yemifananidzo, Animatic World Network inopa kubatanidzwa kunopfuurira kwemibato yeindasitiri, uye Nheyo yeMotion Pictures na Sciences [ inochengeta machengetero ezvinyorwa pamusoro pezvisakiso zvemibato izvo zvinogovera mashoko akareruka pamhindumupindu yemiitiro.