Kuchinja Kwezana Remakore Rechi20 kwaiitwa neManga

Manga isati yava simba retsika renyika yose, yakanga iri nzira ine mwero yevaraidzo yakatangwa mumagamuchidzanwa emifananidzo yeJapan uye kupera kwehondo. Zana ramakore rechi20 rakaona shiri dzichishanduka kubva mutsika dzakapfava, mitsetse yenhau dzakajeka kuva unyanzvi hwenhau hunogona kuongorora chero chinhu, kubva kungano kusvika kunzvimbo dzinotembera dzenzanga. Kuchinja uku kwakaitiswa nechizvarwa chenyanzvi dzemifungo yakakurumbira yakadzikiswa nemhiko yemiitiro yemifananidzo yakasiyana, kunyora, uye ukuru hwenhau. Basa ravo rakaisa nheyo yeindasitiri iyo zvino inosvika mamirioni avadzidzi munyika yose, inopesvedzera bhaisiro, mifananidzo, uye mabhuku anopfuura miganho yeJapan. Kunzwisisa magadziri endarama enguva ino yegore rino anokura sei mutoo wemhizha unochinja kuva mhindu inopfuudzo dzinochinja ndudzira zvikuru. Mukurumbira wenhau dzechi 20 muzana chenhau dzemunhu, kupfurikidza nemhizha renyika yose.

Osamu Tezuka: Mugadziri Wemanga Yazvino Uno

Hapana kurukurirano ye 20-centurga inogona kutanga pasina Osamu Tezuka. Arangarirwa zvikuru sa "Mwari weManga," akaita zvakawanda kupfuura musiki upi noupi kushandura makomiki kuva rondedzero inoremekedzwa. Akaberekwa muna 1928 muToyonaka, Osaka, Tezuka akakura achitarira mabhaisikopo eDisey uye unyanzvi hwemabhaisikopo hwaizorondedzera peji yake. Hunhu hwake hwapakuvamba, New Precity Island [[FLT:] (1947), akasuma mabhaisikopo-ma, pedyo-filimi, uye maepic — magadzirirwo adzo akaparadza gare gare gare kubva padate shamba reimba yemitambo. Iyi shamba yakava nzira inosimugadzirirwa nokuda kwemiteve, inosimusimu inosimu inosimudzwa sei inopfuutswa papeji rose.

Tezuka yakabereka zvakawanda zvakabatanidza nhevedzano yemativirwo akadai se Astro Boy (] MITY), [[FLT]] Astro , inodzokororwa kubva muna 1952, yakabatanidzwa nenhau dzakadzika pamusoro pemibvunzo yevanhu, ungwaru, uye. ] Jack . [FLTY:] [8] Mukomana [FTY:], anodzorwa kuvambira pamhindi yemite, yakabatanidzwa nezvinonyorwa zvakadzika zvikuru zvesayenzi pamusoro pemifungo, ungwaruvara, uye hondo yakava chitarisiko chakakura zvikuru.

Akura akaratidzira kuti manga aigona kuronga uzivi, rufu, uye nhau ine misikanzwa. Tezuka's remiyuziyamu nezvinochengetwa zvinosimbisa mumichina yake yemaspiringiti nemitoo yemichina yemichina yemichina yemazamu. Mazita eTezka anosimbisa uremu hunoshamisa hwemipumburu yake yemazamhusa yemasvomho anosvika 700. Mazita ake anoumbazve marongerwo akaitwa magadzirirwo enziro enzvimbo neapiki. Nenguva yorufu rwake muna 1989, dzvuruchekei rwakarovedzwa kana kuti kufuridzwa kwakafuridzirwa avo vakava varegi vemi vemisiki vakuru, vachisimbisa nzira dzake dzose. "Godga yeManikka anoshamba anoshamba . Haana kupfuumbidzisi mabhii anopa mabhineti anopfuutsiro adzo.

Akira Toriyama: Kuderedza Shonen Inoitika Munyika Yose

Kana Teluka akavaka chivako, Akira Toriyama akawedzera purofiti. Kuwedzera mukupera kwama 1970 ne [FLT: 0] Dr. Slump, Toriyama akakurumidza kuwana mukurumbira nokuda kwokupfava, kuchena uye kusetsa. Asi [[FLT:] Rabaton Ball , kutanga muna 1984, akamukwidza mukurumbira wengano. Anonyandurwa nechizivi cheChinesei [FLT] . [FLT] Jeyney kuWest [[FLT] [FLT] 5], kutevedzana kunobva mugarnchiaul-ratiodro kuia kurondedzera kukwirira kukwirira kwemirwino. Chizivisoso chenyika yose. Chishamiso chapameso chakakurumbira muEurope, chirerutsiri muMabva , chiredhia chireve.

Mugadzirirwo wounyanzvi weToriyama unooneka pakarepo: masero echirwere, ane mitsara ine simba nokuitika nokukurumidza. Akarerutsa mamiriro ezvinhu kuti arambe akatarira kufamba, unyanzvi hwakaita kuti zviono zviravike nokumhanya kusingadaviriki. Uzivi hwake hwokugadzira hwakasimbisa zviono nezvimiro zvinoravika, huchibvumira varavi kutevera mabhuroko akaoma kunzwisisa pasina kuvhiringidzika. Dragon Ball[FLL:1] yakabatanidza pfungwa yokuwedzera kwemwero yesimba nemichina inodzokorora, zvishandiso zvino zvino zvino. Kukurumbira kweshanduro kwechiNgezi uye kugadziridza nzira nokuda kwevara kwevakwa kwemarudzi ose kwema1990 ne2.

Kupfuura basa rake amene, Toriyama magadzirirwo etsika nokuda kwe dragon Quest mitambo yevhidhiyo yakabatanidza pesvedzero yake pachizvarwa chose chezvinobudisa nhau dzeJapan. Mano ake okubatanidza nhandaro, mapango makuru, uye kukura kwemwoyo wakaratidza kuti nhau dzezviito hadzifaniri kurega kudzorwa. Kunyange nhasi, nyanzvi dzemifananidzo dzinodudza Toriyama nejeti remie revo sechiedza chinofambisa. Romas apakuvamba anodzorwa ne [[FLT.2] Ramaan Ball[FLD:3] aish] inotengeswa mazana amamirioni amakopi, uye magadzirirwo adzo anoramba ari mugadziri wetsika. Toriya akabvumikisa kuti musiki mumwe anogona kubudisa mugadziri wetsika wetsika seanogona kuyerazve kuonekwazve sei nhau yenyika yeJapan. Rutsumo rwechikumadokero rwechiJapan harungagoni kubatira pamusoro pezvitevero, sokuteverwa munwo.

Rumiko Takahashi: Kuparadza Zvipingamupinyi Zvemhuka NeWit Nomwoyo

Nepo manga yakafutunurwa kazhinji kazhinji mashati okutengesa, Rumiko Takahashi akaveza nzvimbo yakapesana nokugadzirwa kwamashoko kwakapfava. Somumwe wenyanzvi dzemiitiro yemiitiro yevakadzi dzinobudirira zvikurusa dzenguva dzose, akava piyona kwete kupfurikidza nokunatswa kwounyanzvi asi kupfurikidza nounyanzvi hwenhau. Basa raachaputsa, [[FLT:] [FLT] [FLT]], YURUS [[[FLT]], , akabatanidza sayenzi, mediadiction, uye masting munzira yaifadza kuvaraidzo. Nhevero dzinotevedzana dzakaita kuti [FLT:] [FLT] [12]

Takahashi akanyorwa panguva imwe cheteyo nomusikana anorota neasingashandi, anokanganisa, anodzongonyedza vanhu. Lum, machinda ava anobva [FLT] Urusei Yatsura, musikana anorota panguva imwe cheteyo uye anorota neasingarongedzeri kusvota, achishatisa mabhii echikadzi anozivikanwa navose muna 1980sga. [FYDA] akaita kuti nhau dzake dzive dzinowanika apo dzinovanzwa noukoka kwadzoka. Haatongoidzoreri varavi, vaifarira zvose zviri zviviri. Mavarangiro ake anokwezva.

Pakasvika kupera kwezana ramakore rechi20, Takahashi akanga aputsa siringi yegirazi reindasitiri, achibvumikisa kuti vakadzi vaigona kukunda vanopfuura vose vanonyora mugenres yakamborangarirwa kuva ndima yomunhu. Rubudiriro rwake rwezvokutengeserana rwakazarura masuo nokuda kwavatsivi seCLAMP naHiromu Akawa. Unyanzvi hwake hwezvisetsa nokusafara hwakaisa chiratidzo chenhau yetsika dzevatambi. Urefu hwenhau dzake dzenhevedzano, dzakawanda dzakagamuchira nenzira yakakomba kugamuchirwa namanomano, dzinoenzanisira kuti, inhau dzakasanoiswa mumitengo dzinopfuura mapepa avanhu. Takahihihasi haangoriwo sapiyona asi senhau inosanozivikanwa nenyanzvi inorondedzera. Mano ake okuita kuti vanzwe sevanhu chaivo, navanhu vose vanokura, vanopesana netsika vanoramba vachienzaniswa nokuwanda.

Boka reGekiga Nevatsigiri Vakakura

Nepo Tezuka akanangidzira ngwariro panhau dzose dzinorondedzerwa, imwe nhambo inowirirana mukupera kwama1950 yakatsvaka kusunda manga kupinda murima, ndima chaiyoiyo zvikuru. gega (mifananidzo yakatanhamara) yakaramba mirangariro yakafanana neiyi yavana ye "manga" uye yakanangidzirwa nokuda kwokukura kwechinyakare chebhanomeyi. Yakatungamirirwa nenyanzvi dzakafanana naYoshihiro Tatsumi, sangano rakasimbisa upenyu hweguta, udzame hwendangariro, uye misoro yavakuru. Idzi dzinozvishandura kazhinji kazhinji kazhinji dzinobudiswa mumaraibhurari makurusa pamberi pokuputsanya magazini, uye basa radzorwa zvakananga nokukura kwavarume vaduku. Magekiga akamiririra kupunza kwetsika yetsika yetsika dzetsika dzenzanga nedzemaga.

Hiroshi Hirata: Munyori Wenhau weSamurai

Pakati pamapiona e gekiga, Hiroshi Hirata anobuda nokuda kwokunzvera kwake kwamano kwenhau uye kushambadza. Mazita ake echisamurai, akadai se Sathumaden[ na [[FLT:]] uye [[FLT] Conta] hapana Shiro[FLT]], akaramba nzvimbo inofambirwa noutsinye, yaigona kubatira rondedzero dzechisimba dzechibharo, dzakajekaidzwa nenhau dzechiJapan. Hirata'ss infective reming syndrolemssssssss uye revommentstions as as tractives as as revoctives ofspecipy as.[5]

Shigeru Mizuki: Vanhu uye Umhuka Hunopfuura Hwevanhu

Mumwe munhu mukuru akavhara musiyano pakati pechiShigerau Mizuki neakura akanga ari Shigeri. Anozivikanwa zvikurukuru nokuda kwenhau dzake dzeyokai (chisikwa chomuzvarirwo), Mizuki akabatanidza dzidzo yengano nenhau dzomunhu oga dzakasimba. Iye akabatanidza unyanzvi Gege Gee not Kitaro[FL:1] akachinja zvikara zvechinyakare kuti zvive zvifananidzo zvemafashoni, apo aibatawo aiita basa rake rokuvara [FLT:] Sarusaro yenhau yeJapan [[FLT] 3] yakavhengana nenhau yaaidzwa nemifananidzo yakaisvonaka. Mizuki yakanyora pazvinoitika zvake amene somurwi mukati mehondo yeNyika II, apo akarasikirwa noruoko rwake rwaakanaka. Varavi vapanoshambadza vara vatsva vadzoke vadzokoroke vadzokororoke.

Mizuki kuzivikanwa kwamativi maviri senyanzvi yetsika nemhizha kwakamubvumira kuvhara nhaka yake munguva yakapfuura uye zvino munzira dzakasiana. Nhau dzake dzeyokai dzakanga dzisiri katyamadzo kana kuti fungidziro; dzakanga dziri motokari dzokunzvera kuzivikanwa kweJapan, magamuchidzanwa omumaruwa, uye ukama pakati pavanhu nenyika yomusikirwo. Shigeru Mizuki Museum muSakaimanito inochengeta nhaka yake uye inoenzanisira kuti basa rake rakabatana zvikuru sei nenhau yetsika dzechiJapan. Pesvedzero yake inotambanukira kupfuura kufundo dzedzidzo dzedzidzo dzedzidzo dzedzidzo, umo zvinyorwa zvake zvengano dzeyokai zvinosangana nedzero. Mizuki zvakabvumikisa kuti mamangaki aigona kubatira sechimiro chokuchengetedzwa kwetsika, achichengeta magamuchidzanwa mapenyu ayo angapera.

Katsuhiro Otomo: Chikebherupunk uye Chinopisa

Hapana kupetwa kwe 20-century manga kwakakwana pasina Katsuhiro Otomo, ane Akira akashandura zvose zviri zviviri nzwisiso yemifungo neyamarudzi ose yemifungo. Kubvira muna 1982 kusvikira muna 1990, ] Akira[FLT] [[FLT]] yakapa, dystiole-Tokyo yakapiwa noudzame hwakanyanyisa. Ototo's rediation remicro, mapurani anogadziridza, uye mapurangaitiki akaisa miganhu yeizvo zvoruoko rwemaoko aigona kuita. Misoro yenhau yeuorivhiyo yezvamatongerwe enyika, echidhiksi, echiapost, uye kupandukira kukurumidza kudzorwa kwapanyika yose.

Otomo’s pesvedzero inotambanukira kupfuura [[FLT: 0] Akira; mabasa ake apakuvamba mapfupi namabasa anoenderera mberi akagadza mashoko echakavanzika akaumba chinhu chose kubva chirevo muShell[ kuti aone mutambo wevhidhiyo. Kugadzira kwake kwakakomba uye kunonoka, kuvaka kwakakomba kwakaratidza kuti manga ingagona kuva inoumba uye yakaoma kunzwisisa. Chiyerezo che [[FLT] Aki], maguta, anoitwa navatongi, anoumbwa nemavara, mabhizimisi matsva. Ogamegno ainga asingagoni kubvumikisa kuva mabhii kana kuti matsva. Chiketi [FLT:] Aki], uye mamiriro ezvinhu echienzi avanhu, uye mazaruvarabhuro, anoumbwa nenzvimbo dzinooneka zvakaenzana.

Makwara Ari Mberi Kwerwizi

Nepo Tezuka, Toriyama, na Takahashi kazhinji kazhinji vanodzora zvinodzorwa, zana ramakore rechi20 rakaita chiverengero chavamwe vagadziri vakasiya chiratidzo chisingadzimiki panzvimbo yemifungo. Fujiko F. Fujio (zita repeni rakashandiswa nenyanzvi mbiri dzinobatira pamwe mbiri) rakagadzira [[FRIT:] Doraemon[[[FOT: 1]], , purofithi yakava mufananidzo wetsika unodiwa muAsia. Nhevedzo, inobudisa rondedzero dzechinyakare, misoro yeshamwari, tsingareki, uye fungidzi apo mamirioni aichimufaro. Roshito yemusvoswose. Majito yemuto: [FLProp]

Gogai akaputsa zvisakiso zvamasimba masimba, zvevatano, uye mecha-abhendete nhevedzano dzakadai se Dhiabhorosiman uye Mazinger Z, achikudza miganhu yezvakanga zvagamuchirika mumagazini avana. Kuda kwake kuvhura mikova nokuda kwezvirimwa zvakawanda muindasitiri. Mumwe nomumwe wenyanzvi idzi akawedzera minyuko mitsva kumashoko echipo, achibvumikisa kuti svikiro inogona kugarodza ipi neipi, ragona kupfuudza, kana kuti muteereri. Mwirirano ya 20-ngururo inoratidzira sei mazati nokuratidzira rutivi rwuri rwose rwemibato. Nokuda kwenyanzvi idzi dzinofarira, mabhuku eMitengo yeMitemo inobudiswa munhau, munhau yenhau yaMaza enhau, uye mufashoni yeMicheto yamarudzi ose.

Nhaka Ipenyu

Nyanzvi dzezana ramakore rechi20 hadzina kungogadzira bedzi nhevedzano yenziyo dzakakurumbira; dzakavaka mutauro wemaziso nenzvimbo dzebhizimisi izvo zvaizobudirira kwezvizvarwa. Kuda kwavo kuedza kunyora, nhau, uye unyanzvi zvakawedzera uwandu hwenhamba yavana kubva kuvakuru, kubva kuvarume vaipinda mumapoka echikwata kusvikira kuvateereri vane mwero wechirume. Makambani akagadzira — akavakirwa panhevedzano huru yevhiki nevhiki muminitiro yeminitiro yetsika — anoramba ari mubumbiro rekuzivisa kwemunhu kusvikira kuzuva rino. Vasiki vezuva ranhasi, vangave vanoshanda pamapuranga emitegio kana kuti muzvinyorwa zvakatsikirirwa, zvinomira pamapfudziro eihombe idzi hosha. Makambani, marungwe etsika, mabhii etsika, mabhiri etsika, mabhiri akakwanwa netruzimendiro akakwa naToka, Tohima, Tiya, uye vamwe vama, vaMaki, vanoshanda muDNA yenhau yazvino uno uno uno uno uno uno uno.

Sezvo zana ramakore rakapera, manga yakanga yachinja zvizere kubva muvaraidzo yenzvimbo kuva chimiro chemifananidzo inozivikanwa munyika yose. Nheyo yakaiswa neava vanonyora mifananidzo vane simba inoramba iri shongwe inovakwa pairi. Mashizha avo apakuvamba, akachengetwa mumamiziyamu uye akasanonzverwa mumapepa edzidzo, anopfuurira kufuridzira kwete bedzi vagadziri vemifananidzo asi vagadziri vemitambo, uye vagadziri vemitambo. Mwero wechokwadi wepesvedzero yavo ndewokuti nhau dzavo dzinonzwika sedzitsva uye dziri kukurumidzira nhasi sezvadzakaita makumi amakore akapfuura; chiratidzo chokuti unyanzvi hukuru hunopfuura nguva yahwo. Zana ramakore 20 rakapa nyika runako rwavazvigadzirwa zvavo zvenhau asi mabasa avo anoshanda izvo zvichiri zvisati zvichingova zviito zvenhau, zvinodenha, uye zvinovaraidza. Munhu upi noupi anotsvaka kunzwisisa vanhu ava vazivi vanozivikanwa namano anoramba achinzwisisa, vanowana chiratidzo chapakuvamba pamavambo enguva dzose.