Kuoma Kwakaita Upenyu Hwacho

Pamwoyo we Tatami Galaxy ine rondedzero inoshandura muoni kuva mugadziri wedangadziro. Mubati wegore rechitatu, mudzidzi weyunivhesiti asina zita anowanzonzi Watashi, anorondedzera kupinda kwake pakoreji uye makore maviri anotevedzana enguva dzakafanana. Kudzokororwa kumwe nokumwe kunovamba mukamuri rake rakamanikana rendangariro nechepakati petami-matima, uye bazu rimwe nerimwe rinona pachisarudzo chimwe: chikwata chavadzidzi chokukumbanira. Chinoitika hachisi bedzi chingori chitsoro chezvibharo asi chinoenderera mberi mundangariro makurikire acho — uye kuti kugona sei kuvakazve kumuka. Kupupurira kwewatami, uye kudzokororodzwa kunobva mumugariro worudzorero.

Iyi rondedzero inoratidzira nzira iyo yeuko chaiyoiyo yavanhu inoshanda nayo. Nyanzvi dzemiviri dzinorondedzera yeuko semutoo wokuvakazve, kwete sechinhu chakakwana chokunyora. Nguva imwe neimwe patinowanazve chinoitika, tinochivakazve kubva muzvidimbu, tinochinja udzame hwemanomano. Nhevedzano dzinochinja muitiro iwoyo, kushandura kushanda kwendangariro kuve mararamiro, zvinoitika zvokufema. Kumunhu upi noupi akarwisana nenguva yakakomba yokufunga kubva munguva yakapfuura kana kuti akashamiswa “zvipi,” mutambo wacho unopa nzvimbo yakagoveranwa kunzvera zvisaririra izvozvo. Inoita kuti ive chitarisiko chiono chokuona.

Yeuko Sechishandiso Chinopedza Muviri

Kurondedzera nhau yenhau kwamagamuchidzanwa kunowanzoratidza yeuko sechinhu chakasimba — kudzokera shure kunobatira soufakazi. Tatami Galaxy inoramba kudzikama ikoko. Kupfurikidza nokubatanidza nguva kuva gumi yakasiana, bva zvinhu chaizvoizvo, mutungamiriri Masaaki Yuasa anomanikidza muoni kubata zvokwadi dzakawanda dzinopokanidzana panguva imwe chete. Watashi anoyeuka upenyu humwe nohumwe hwakapfuura bedzi mukujeka kusina kujeka, bva zvisaririra zvemirangariro zvinoungana. Kubatanidza ikoko kunova musana wokubudirira kwake, kunyange kana asingagoni kutsanangura chikonzero nei.

Chimiro chisiri chamaperembudzi chinoratidzira icho nyanzvi yendangariro Endel Tuanger inodana kuti “kufamba kwenguva kwendangariro” — mano akasiana avanhu okuzivazve nguva yakapfuura ndokuedzesera nguva yemberi. Yawashi inodzokororwa mativi ezvenguva yemberi ichimiro chakanyanyisa chokufunga kweepisodic munguva yemberi, umo iye amene anozvipinza mudzimwe nzvimbo. Nhevedzano inokarakadza kuti yeuko haitongoviwo zvayo chinyorwa; inzvimbo yendangariro bedzi; inzvimbo yendangariro nokuda kwebviro. Boka rimwe nerimwe — chikamu, chikwata chakavanzika, chakavanzika chavanhu — chinova chimiro chendangariro chakasiana, hunhu hwake munzira dzakasiana. Kubvira kunoratidzirwa nemhoteredzo yenzanga, muitiro uyo wenzanga inodana “yeuko yokuwana zvinhu zvokushanda zvakanaka” — mapoka anobetsera kuyeuka.

Kufunga Kwokuzvidemba

Kuzvidemba kupfurikidza nechinoitika chiri chose chakadai sechinoitika chinopfuurira. Watashi anochema “upenyu hwepanzvimbo yechikoro hwava nemavara akasiana - siana” husingatongofi hwakaitika, kuda kwake kwakaipa kwakavanzika Akashi, uye mugariro wake usingagumi sechikamu chitema chejambwa chinorembera kure nezvinonaka. Nyanzvi dzinorondedzera kuzvidemba semirangariro inopesana — kunzwa kunoparirwa nokuenzanisa chinhu chaichoicho nechinoitika chiri nani. Tatami Galaxy anochinja rondedzero iyoyo kuva injini yedariro. Kudzokorodza kuri kwose kunoberekwa kubva mukuzvidemba, chikwata chitsva chimwe nechimwe kuedza kuidzimura.

Nzvero yaNeal Roese navashandi biyake inoratidza kuti kuzvidemba kunobatira basa rinokosha: kunonyandura chiito chokururamisa nokudzidza. Kunyange zvakadaro nhevedzano yacho inoratidzira rutivi rwakasumwa rwebasa iroro apo kuzvidemba kunova kwakakomba. Watashi mutambo wechovha usingaperi unomuisa mumusungo wemifungo yedariro, umo ndangariro dzinotaurazve ndangariro dzisina kujeka pasina chisarudzo. Kuratidzirwa kwomutauro wemaziso kunonyandura ikoku — sigin nekadhi, shoo yakamoneswa inoratidzira kuvhiringidzika kweyeukodzo yefunganyo. Munhevedzano isingakanganwiki, Watashi anosangana neshanduro ye “washi-ribhii" iyo shanduro yokuzvidemba. Kuratidzira kwokuzvidemba uko uko vatengi nokuzvinyidzira kwomukati.

Kuzvidemba munhevedzano yacho ndokwenzangawo zvikuru. KwaWashi kwomukati kazhinji kazhinji kunofungidzira kuti vamwe vanorangarira sei kukundikana kwake, chinoitika chinozivikanwa setapuro yokupa ngwariro. Iye anotora vaenzani vake, zvikurukuru vaOzu, vanomutonga chaizvoizvo sezvaanozvitonga amene. Uku kusimbiswa kwenzanga kwokuzvidemba kunozivisa basa reyeuko kwete chete mukuchengeta maidi asi mukuchengeta zvisungo zvenzanga neboka. Tinoyeuka zviitiko rutivi kuti tibate chimiro chedu mumeso avamwe.

Munondo WaNostaligia Wakakomberedzwa Kaviri

Kana kuzvidemba kuri kurwadziwa kunotarira shure, kushuva ishamwari yako inovava. Munhevedzano yose, Watashi anoronga bviro yekirabhu yokupa revo, musikana, uye pwere ine mbiri. Kuda ikoko chimiro chokukarira — kushuva kuvapo kwapanguva ino. Apo anotarira shure kubva kunguva yemberi iyo ine simba, yeuko imwe neimwe inova yakavhengana neruvara rwendarama. Tatamika imene inoshanda sechinhu chinomirira nyaradzo, chigaro chakafanana nechokuviga, chigaro chakafanana nechokunyaradza uye kukunda.

Nyanzvi dzendangariro dzakaziva zviso zviviri zvokushuva kupfuvuka: kudzorera, izvo zvinotsvaka kugadzirazve nguva yakapfuura, uye kurangarira, izvo zvinofarikanya yeuko apo zvinogamuchira daro ravo. Kusvika kwokutanga kwaWatashi kunodzoresa chose chose; anoda mukana wechipiri wokuiwana “chakarurama.” Paanongorega kuronda nguva yokupedzisira, apo anorega kuronda nguva yakapfuura yakakwana uye panzvimbo pezvo anopinda zvizere nezvinoshatiswa, anosundira kumativi akasiana. Chiratidziro chacho — apo anogamuchira kamuri rake duku nerunako rwezuva rinopedzwa mufuton — mifananidzo iyo vanzveri vangati “mikomborevei." Chimiro ichi chokuyeuka kuvandudza, chitsigiro, uye kusimudzira, kubetsera kurangarira zvose, kupfurikidza neyeuko. [PFSJK]

Kuzivikanwa uye Kuvakwa

Chizivikanwo mu Tatami Galaxy hachisi chinhu chikuru chinomirira kufukunurwa asi mufananidzo unounganidzwa mundangariro dzinopesana. Mhiri kwedzimwe nyika, Watashi inoramba ichioneka — kusachengeteka kwake, mutsa wake, dzidzo yake yendangariro — bva shanduro imwe neimwe ine kiyi yemirangariro yakasiana. Firimu yetendereshi hainaki; Watashi imitambo inongova yoga; chakavanzika chaunga chaWatashi iparanoid. Uku kuchinja kunoenzanisira murangariro wenyanzvi yendangariro yaDan McAdams ye “chiziviso chendangariro". — yemukati, inodzorongedzeka yezvakairwo kare, inovarira nguva yakapfuura, uye inoyeurira mberi.

Kupfurikidza nokuisa mugadziri wezvinhu zvawo mumativi akasiyana zvikuru apo zvinochengeta maidi epfuuridziro, nhevedzano yacho inobvunza kana zivikanwo ichigara mumiitiro yakatsiga kana kuti munhau dzatinozviudza timene. Njodzi yechiratidzo yaWatashi inowedzera apo akasangana ne “gadziriro yake yemazamu ” chaizvoizvo; nhauro inoparira bonderano nepfungwa yokuti ndangariro — uye nokudaro kuzivikanwa — haisati yakangova bedzi ipoteswa asi inopesana nezvinowirirana. Iyi inonzvera ne nharidzano yakasiana yokuvaka, uye hapana nhevedzano yaPleyell-Pceccelce:], iyo inodzosa zvinangwa zvendangariro zveauto zvinodzorwa nemifananidzo. Wata imwe neimwe inova chinangwa chakasiana.

Basa reOzu muuyu muitiro rinorairidza. Ozu, munhu akafanana neanogara achingova nenguva dzose, anobatira sorudzi rweyeuko yokunze. Anodzosa kuWatashi shanduro yakamonyaniswa, yakanyanyisa yemavara ake akaipa. Mumashoko endangariro, Ozu inoshanda sechinjo inochinja, nzvimbo yeyeuko netsika Watashi zvinoshuva kuramba. Kugamuchira Ozu muchiratidzo chokupedzisira chekubatana kwe “mumvuri” muJung psyology — kutakura mativi anozviramba kuti asvike. Yeuko yeOzu inodzongodzorwa, kudzorwa, uye kuvapo kwapamhiko kunoshamisa kunova, pakupedzisira, kunodiwa kwawatashi jia.

Kusavimbika Kweyeuko

Kana nhevedzano yacho ine nheyo inotungamirira, ndiko kuti yeuko inonyanyova younyanzvi kupfuura kunyorwa kwamashoko. Dzimwe dzenhevedzano dzinokatyamadza zvikurusa dzinoitika mundangariro dzaWatashi, umo anomonyanisa batano dzenyika muhondo huru dzokufananidzira. “Mochiguman’s Last Stand" Nhambo, nerwisano yayo inoparirwa nezvokudya, inogona kuraviwa serondedzero yendangariro yakashatiswa — nzira iyo udzame hwemirangariro (ravidza, chimiro) hunovhengana nayo nemirangariro kuti itange yeyeuko dzechokwadi.

Nzvero dzendangariro payeuko dzendangariro dzakaratidza kuti kunyange ndangariro dzakajeka, dzinoratidzika kuva dzisingadzimiki dzezvinoitika zvinoshamisa dzinokomba kukuora nokumonyaniswa kwenguva. Yawashi yakajeka zvakafanana asi inopesana nendangariro dzenhambo imwe cheteyo inosimbisa iyi yepurasitiki. Nhevedzano dzinokarakadza kuti zvokwadi yeyeuko ingasava mururami rwayo rwechokwadi asi mutsinhirano yayo yemirangariro yazvino uno. Iyi haisati iri kukundikana kwechaunga chazvino uno asi rutivi runotibvumira kuwirirana nokuzvichinja pakati pe [[FLT:] — inotsinhirana nezvinokosha zvomunhu uye kuzviyeuka — inowirirana neyamuro yezvakero — kazhinji kazhinji kazhinji inoita pamusoro pezvinenge zviri zvechokwadi. Chinoitika hachisi chokungoitika chavanhu asi chinhu chinotibvumira kuwirirana nokuzvichinja. [FLT]

Zvinoitwa Nevanhu Vanofananidzira

Vatambi vaviri vanodzokororwa vachiita sevachengeti veyeuko nerevo: mukweguru anotaura nezvemangwana uye Kupu Ramen God. Mukadzi akwegura anooneka pahumwe humwe hukuru, kazhinji kazhinji achirembedza “watashi” — chiratidzo chaichoicho chokuzivikanwa — kuti ndangariro dzemuchadenga dzinoramba kusvikira pamugumo. Anomirira rudzi rweyeuko yamadzitateguru, uchenjeri hunopfuura nguva imwe neimwe. Mutsika dzakawanda, vakwegura vanoonekwa savachengeti veyeuko yose, uye kupindira kwake kwakajeka kunokarakadza kuti Watashi inova yeuko dzomunhu oga kunopera mumifungo mikuru yechinoitika chavanhu chaasingagoni kunzwisisa.

Kupu Ramen Mwari, kune rumwe rutivi, icherekedzo yokutsvaka mhinduro dzokukurumidza. Atari yake yepo nepo nekamwe kamwe inoseka chishuvo chokuchinja kwapakarepo. Yeuko, nhevedzano inoomerera, haizvirongedzeri imene mumaminiti matatu nemvura inovira. Muitiro unononoka, wokudzokorora kurarama panguva imwe neimwe ndiyo nzira bedzi yokubatanidza. Izvi zvinoenzanisira kuti yeuko inoiswa sei nezviratidzo zvetsika — mifungo yedu haisati iri yomunhu oga oga asi yakatutirwa nengano dzakabatanidzwa nengano, mapikichari, uye tsika dzokutenga. Zvinobatira sezvinonyandura kurangarira nokududzira.

Nguva Somuvaki Wendangariro

Nepo yeuko iri nhau yakajeka, nguva imene inoshanda sechinoitika chendangariro munhevedzano. Chisaririra chisingagumi chakafanana ne8 chechinoitika cheSayenzi hachisi muitiro wekufamba wenguva asi mufananidzo wenguva. Apo anenge abatanidzwa uye ane tariro, zvinoitika zvinonzwa ngarava; apo anopera mwoyo, wachi inokambaira. Uku kunzwika kwenguva yavanhu kunopesvedzerwa nemirangariro, ngwariro, uye kudzika kweyeuko.

Nyanzvi dzendangariro dzakawana kuti zvinoitika zvenguva zviduku zvinotora nguva nemhaka yokuti zvinogadzira mikoto mizhinji yeyeuko; nhambo dzenguva dzose dzakapfuura nemhaka yokuti zvakamanikidzirwa mukuyeuka. Manyuko okutanga matsva, asi sezvo anodzokorora misiano, anotanga kuva akavanzika kutozosvikira atadza kusiyanisa yeuko imwe yenguva neyeimwe. Kushaikwa kwendangariro kwendangariro kwaanowirirana nezvinoitika zveyeuko zvinorasikirwa nenhevedzano pfupi yezvinoitika. Nauronist David Eagleman anonzvera nguva. kunokarakadza kuti kuronga kwouropi kwenguva kwakabatanidzwa nenzira yakatanhamara yeyeuko, uko nhevedzano yedzokororo.

Chisarudzo chinouya apo Watashi anorega kuedza kudzora nguva uye panzvimbo pezvo anogara munguva ino. Kuchengeta kwokupedzisira mukamuri rake, shamwari dzichiunganidza nemakapu nokuda kwechimbichimbi, hakusati kuri mugumo wakaisvonaka asi chishamisowo zvacho. Munguva iyoyo, nguva inodzikamiswa, yeuko inomira, uye zivikanwo inova yakakwana — kwete nemhaka yokuti zvakapfuura zvakachinja, asi nemhaka yokuti ukama hwake nomunguva yakapfuura hwakachinja. Anova mudzorwi weyeuko dzake, kwete musungwa kwavari.

Tatami Garaxy Sezvo Kurapa Kusingaratirwi

Vaoni vanowanzorondedzera nhevedzano seyavarapi. Chimiro chayo chinoratidzira muitiro unotungamirirwa wezvinoyeukwa nawo mukurapa kwounyanzvi nokurapa kurondedzera: kuratidzira chinetso chacho, kunzvera dzimwe nhau, kubatanidzazve kugadziridza kwapakarepo. Nguva imwe neimwe inhau yakasiyana Watashi inotaura pamusoro pake, uye chiito chokuzivisa — uye kurondedzerazve — zvishoma nezvishoma kuenzanisa zvitendero zvake zvikuru. Mugumisiro, apo anofamba nomukaleidosifiti youpenyu hwake, inoshanda sechiito chokusimbisazve. Anosunungura zvose zvinorashwa, kwete kupfurikidza nokuzvitonga sezvikundikana, asi nokuziva sezviringana.

Muitiro uyu unowirirana nepfungwa ye “kukura kwepashure,” umo vanhu vanotarisana nokuzvidemba kana kuti kurasikirwa vanogona, kupfurikidza nokuita revo, kuwana pfungwa itsva yedonzo nokuzivikanwa. Nhevedzano hadzitongorambi marwadzo amabanza akarasika; inongoomerera kuti yeuko iri yose, kunyange inonyadzisa zvikurusa, inobata mbeu yomunguva yemberi yakakwana. Kupfuramwa kwokupedzisira — zvokudya zvenyika yose zvinogoveranwa neshamwari — ndiko rukundo rwegadziriro yeyeuko inoumbwa neraka. Hapana muchina unovhara unosirwa unodikandwa nemhaka yokuti nguva yazvino, yakazara, inogarwa, kwakakwana.

Unyanzvi hwendangariro hwe Tatami Galaxy iri mukusapa kwayo mhinduro dziri nyore. Yeuko inogona kukuvadza, kuvhunika, uye zvakapfuura zvinogona kudzokorora pasina chisarudzo. Kunyange zvazvo zvichiratidza rwendo rwejaya rimwe, rwechidenderedzwa rwokuzvigamuchira, nhevedzano yacho inopa muenzaniso wokunzwira tsitsi wenzira iyo tose tinogona kuva nayo vatauriri venhau vari nani voupenyu hwedu timene. Muzera rezvinobudisa nhau zvenzanga zvakashatiswa, chidzidzo ichocho — kukudza chinyorwa chakazara, chinyorwa chakachengetwa chomunhu amene — chinochinja zvinyoronyoro.

Kukweva Zvitunha uye Kufambira Mberi

Pakupedzisira, chigaro chaWatashi chinoratidzira kuti yeuko haisati iri kurukurirano yakare asi mvura pakati penguva yakapfuura neyazvino. Mimvuri yokuzvidemba nokushuvira haiperi; inova mativi akabatanidzwa enhauro yakaisvonaka. Ozu, uyo akamboratidzika kuva mutambudzi woudhemoni, anoziviswa seshamwari yakavimbika nemhaka yokuti kuvapo kwake mumitsetse mizhinji yenguva — anova mhatsa ipenyu, inofema, yeuko inobatanidza kubvisa. Ukama ihwohwu hunoenzanisira sei kuti yeuko hunonangirirwa muukama kunyange apo ndangariro yomunhu oga inomira. Tinotsamira pavamwe kutiyeuka chaizvoizvo, kubata zvidimbu zvenhau yedu yatakarasikirwa nayo.

Nhevedzano yacho inonyandurawo fungidziro yendangariro yose. Kuedza kwaWatashi kuzhinji kwokuvandudza chinoitika chakakwana chekoreji kunokundikana nemhaka yokuti anoedza kubvisa kusakwana kuyeuka panzvimbo pokuibatanidza. Kufunga kunobva mukusabva muyeuko isina chaikoiko asi musimba rokuva neyeuko dzinopesana — mufaro nenyadzi, budiriro nokukundikana — mukati megadziriro imwe, ine tsitsi. Kamuri retatami, raichimbova chiratidzo chokuganhurira, rinova nzvimbo inoyera chaizvoizvo nemhaka yokuti rine shanduro iri yose yake amene, yose pachinhu chimwe chete.

udzame hwakapfuudzwa pamusoro penhevedzano nokugadzirwa kwayo zvinogona kuwanwa paIMDB, uye nokuda kwaavo vanofarira ruzivo rwendangariro rweyeuko yevhu, basa re Conway nePleydell-Paarce mu Nature Reviews Neurocience[