Makumi amakore pashure pokubudiswa kwayo, Stual Applistics Lain inoramba iri imwe yenhevedzo dzemifungo inoraira ndangariro yati yambosikwa. Pasi pemhepo yayo inokatyamadza ndokushatisa mamiriro epasi anokatyamadza pane kunzvera kukuru kwezvouzivi kunopanikiridza mavambo amene okuvapo kwomunhu munguva yakadzika zvikuru. Kusafanana nenhau dzinonangidzira ngwariro panzvimbo yamagetsi nesyctopian, Lain inonyungurira noune kukufungisisa kusingadzokerwi, kunzwisisa, uye tsvina pakati pezvinhu zvinooneka. Inobvunza kuti zvakura bedzi nokukurumidza zvikuru munguva yemapepanhau enzanga, ungwaru, ungwaru, uye nhevedzano yemiteve.

Kufamba Nehainya uye Kuoma Kwezvinhu Zvomene

Pakati pe Mienzaniso yechaiwoiwo, inokarakadza kuti muganhu hausi idi remiitiro yechinhu chaimonero asi kuti itsika huru inofanana nechiono chapakuvamba chenheneti asi inoshanda zvikuru sendege inodzoreka. Nhevedzo inoputsanya pakati peNhevedzo nenyika chaiyoiyo, inokarakadza kuti muganhu haisi zvokwadi yematongo asi kuti kuwirirana kunogona kunyunguduka. Ikoku kunowirirana zvikuru nechiono chapakuvamba chenhambano yenhambano yenhambano yekombiyuta. Jean Badriard’s’s pfungwa ye [FLT] chaiyo] inoreva chinhu chaichoicho, apo kuratidzirwa chaicho chaicho chaicho chaicho chinorehwa. Mumabhiidhi anomiteverwa, muzvinhu zvakasiana sezvishandiso zvinongodzoroteverwa, zvinongova zvinooneka mumiteveri zvinooneka mumativi ose.

Kufunganya kwouzivi pano ndokwokuti mumudziyo wemanzwire kuedza kufunga, kunopfuudzwa na Hilary Putnam] asi kupiwa jira remitauro. Kana mubato wose wemifungo uchibva muNhengo, uye kana kuti Muchina wamagetsi uchigona kushandiswa kugadzira cohrence, ipapo ruzivo rwokuzviwanira rwararama runogona kusanangurwa nemifananidzo yakaoma. Lain haai tart tabro; inoubata senzvimbo yokutanga. Nyika inova inogadzirwa nechadenga, uye zviitiko zvechizophrenic zvinotsungirira Lain , madectiva nechemicro, munhu asingachinjiki, anoratidzwa sechinhu chaichoicho chaichoicho. Chinosataurwa sechinhu chaichoitwe nechinhu chaichoicho. Kusava nechokwadi kana kuripo kuoneka kana kuti kuoneka kwechinhu.

Munhu Anozvivaka: Anozviziva Nechifukidziro

Pamwoyo penhevedzano yacho pane kuparadzwa kusingachinji kwezivikanwo yomunhu oga. Lain Iwakura haasati ari muvhimi anoramba aripo. Uko René Descartes anotumuka. Musikana wechikoro, akasimba wePinedy disomed mea, communitor, uye kunyange rudzi rwamwari wemitauro. Rudzi rwetsika dzinodenha zvakananga mufananidzo weCredic Cartesian yeadate, inozviratidzira. Uko Descartes anozvimirira zvakakurumbira mukufunga kwechiito che [[[[FLT]], Cogto, ergo .[FLT] [1]] [9]] , Lain anofunga kuti muviri wose unogona kuparadzirwa, kunyorwa, uye kusiiwa, kusasiya “I” kusingasiitikiswiito. [FFOFO] Chisarusanwa chavanhu chavanhu voruzhinji]

Nhevedzano yacho inodana rondedzero yakadzokororwa ye yayo imene, inoyeuchidza murangariro waDavid Hume kuti ndangariro inongovawo zvayo muunganidzwa wenzwisiso mumhete isingagumi, isina chinhu chinobatanidza nayo. Mubvunzo waLain unodzokororwa — “Ndini ani?” — haatongopindurwi nedanho nemhaka yokuti mhinduro yacho nguva dzose inonaya. Mubutiro rimwe, iye ndiye mwanasikana wemhuri yenguva dzose; mune imwe, ipurogiramu yakagadzirwa naEiromi; muimwezve, ipfungwa yokuziva kuti isati yavapo. Chinyorwa chapameso chinova chakareverwa. Chinyorwa chacho chinova chisazivikanwa nokuda kwenhau yacho timene; chiziviso chamashoko chatinoziva.

Kuunganidzwa Kwakaitwa Vasingazivi uye VaSchizophrenia

Chivako chisina kujeka zvikuru asi chine simba kuvimbisana kwenhevedzano neboka risingazivi, rakarangarirwa kwete mupfungwa huru yeJunglety asi sechinhu chakabatana chaizvoizvo chokuziva kuti mari inoiswa paMuchina. Apo Lain anoziva kuti anogona kunzwa mifungo yavamwe vanhu uye kuti muganhu pakati pendangariro unogona kunyunguruka, nhevedzano inopa denho huru ku [[FLT:] hunhu hwomunhu mumwe nomumwe [. Rutyo rwechizophrenic yemiga youtsvene. Rutyo rwemirirwa yemiganhuro yavanhu runogona kubatanidzwa nerevokudzo yakaita se [FLDY:2] . [FLT] Chiville naPurzercium] zvinovangana zvikuru namashoko anopfumbaniswa naro. Chishuvo chamanyunguro chakavanzika zvikuru.

Ruzivo Rwokugadzira Zvinhu Nokusagadziriswa Kwevanhu

Mitemo yeRemistrys Lain haisati ichida chimiro chakapfava chepro-atconology. Panzvimbo pezvo, inoratidza kuti ruzivo rwokugadzirwa kwezvinhu runoshandura zvikuru sei kuti ruve munhu. Runoratidza kubatana neNhanho dzinodzoka sedanho remhindumupindu, bva iya inobvisa mapoka ezvokuchinja, kufa, kusava noruzivo rwezvakavanzika (* izvo zvakarondedzera vanhu nenzira yegamuchidzanwa. Uku kuoma kwemifungo kunopamhiko: kana ruzivo rwokugadzirwa kwezvinhu ruchigona kutambanutsa simba rezve, kubvisa kuganhuriro yemifungo, uye kunyange kupa kusafa kupfurikidza nokuziva ndangariro, chii chinorasika mukuita kutengeserana? Mhinduro yacho hainyaradzi. Zvinyorwa zvinova zvinova zvinonzwikira zvikuru muchinoitika chomutsa mutsa [Fenetic][3]

, boka rakavanzika renyanzvi dzemajeresa navezvoruzivo rwemichina vanoshandisa zvivako zvakavanzika. Kuvapo kwavo kunokwevera ngwariro kunjodzi huru ye . Nhevedzo dzechikwata chemakemikari . Dzinomirira boka rezvikamu zvinotsiva zvisati zvasvika iro rinonzwisisa magadzirirwo etsika uye rinoshandisa kuumba zvinhu chaizvoizvo nokuda kwamwari akavanzika. Kuvapo kwavo kunokwevera ngwariro kuchinetso chikuru chouzivi hwemichina yemichina yemakombiyuta: zviteshinamu iyo upenyu hwedu hahutongovi nohuya vanodzora mutemo unogona kunyorazve migariro yezvokwadi yetsika. Gara renhau dzinotanga kunyorwa munzanga, asi nzwisiso yadzongodzosera zvinhu zvakarurama zvikuru sezvo tinonzwisisa zvikuru.

Kuva Woga, Unhu, uye Gaze

Nyika ndeimwe yokuona kwakakwana, umo shanduro yakachinjwa yePsyche chip kana kuti kungova bedzi batano yakadzama kuMainjini inoita kuti zvizivikanwe. Iyi nhevedzano youpenyu hwomukati ine fanano yakajeka ne Faucault [, kudzorwa kwomukati kunochinja vanhu kuva vanhu vasingazvipiwi. Asi muLain, kuongorora kwacho hakutombobvumwa; hakuvi mhepo inovhuvhuvhura. Chinotyisa hachisi kuti mumwe munhu anorinda asi kuti pfungwa imene yo “munhu inopinda mumaziso apasi pose. Mutambo unoita kuti uzivi husavapo, ndangariro haigoni kudzorwa, uye haisi kudzokera. Apo ndangariro dzingava ndangariro dzake dzinova nechakavanzika chakavanzika chakavanzika chakavanzika.

Mwari, Kudavira, uye Simba Rokutenda

Chimwe chezviito zvenhevedzano yacho chine shungu zvikuru kuona umwari kwete senzvimbo inopfuura yomuzvarirwo asi sehurumende yemashoko. Eiri Masami, munhu akaisa kuziva kwake muGenetic, anozvizivisa amene Mwari. Huremu hwezviziviso pano ndehwokuti chivako cheNhevedzo chinochinja kuva injini chaiyoiyo chaiyoiyo: kana ndangariro dzakabatana dzakakwana dzichidavira muna mwari, kuti mwari anowana simba chairoiro. Uyu muchina unowana [[FLT: 0] zvibvumikiso zvekuvapo kwaMwari [[[FLT:]] [imodzi] inochinja kudavira pfungwa yokuva yakakwana kuti ive chinhu chakakodzera kuvapo kwawo kuti usvike, uye kuti uite chinhu chaichoicho chakakwana. Ruzivo rwacho runogona kuita somuchina unoumba zvokwadi, uye ipapo zvokwadi inobvumira kuti izivikanwe kuti izivikanwe, kana kuti inoita Mwari angogona kuipirazve simba rakakwana nokuda kwokuva anokwanisa kubuda?

Muganhu uri pakati pepfungwa dzake nechinhu chaichoicho unova wakaoma zvokuti haagoni kuva nechokwadi chokuti vamwe vanhu havasi kungowedzerawo zvavo pfungwa dzavo. Zvikamu zvinotevera zvinodzivisa nokuzvidzivisa kupedza kusava nechokwadi uku. Panzvimbo pezvo, zvinokarakadza kuti nhau yemasvomhu haisi chinhu chisiri chinhu choupenyu hwemakombiyuta asi chinhu chatinoziva kuti nyika inorevererwa, kuvapo kwepfungwa dzevamwe kunova chiito chokutenda, kwete chokwadi. Uye apo kugadzirwa kwezvinobudisa nhau kunenge kuri kwako, mutoro mukuru.

Kuziva Muzera Renhamba

Chinodzokororwazve ndechokuti kuziva kungavapo kwakazvimirira nouropi hwezvinhu zvipenyu. Ruzha isati iri chete nhevedzano yekurukurirano; inongova nguva yechinoitika chokuziva. Nhevedzano inobata ndangariro se yakadzika-dzika-dzika, nzvimbo inoongororwa mukurukurirano dzouzivi pamusoro po [[FLT:]] pfungwa dzinoderedza [[[FLT:]] uye chinetso chakaoma chokuziva. Kana mitoo yemashoko iyo inozviumba nayo ichigona kushandukira nokukurumidza musiriki kana kuti kupenya souri wechiedza, ipapo rufu runongovawo zvarwo, uye kuva chiratidzo chokuchinja. Ruzivo rwacho harusati ruchitongovapo. Ruchiriko runowanika semagenio, michina inodzo yakafanana neaputswa; inorasikirwa nesimba, inorasikirwa nokurasikirwa negwemanzwiro, inorasikirwa nokudzorwa nyore nyore nyore nyore nyore neshoko romuviri, asi runoparirwa neshoko romuviri. Runogona kuva chinhu chakaoma kudzokorodza. Rurirwo runodzo rwechinhu chinoitwa. Ruri runenge runenge runenge runenge runenge runenge runenge ruri runenge

Mumhanyi Wenhare Somutungamiriri Kune Meta Deving and Ai

Kutarira Stuals Applications Lain kupfurikidza nerens yenguva imwe cheteyo, nhevedzano zvino inorava semufungo wemhindu wekurukurirano dzanhasi pamusoro pemhesano, mifananidzo mikuru, uye kugadzirwa kwemichina. Chiteshi hachisi nzvimbo yakavhengana yeguta reneon asi munda wapakati wezvisaririra zvezuva nezuva, wakafanana zvikuru nemugariro wenguva dzose wezvazvino uno. Kuwanda kwechikamu chefino chapasi, mabhii makuru, uye mazai adzorwa anoita kuti Lain ive njodzi yechokwadi iko inotokosha kupfuura nakaresa. Mubvunzo wekuti tiri kutorarama muzvinhu zvechokwadi zvesayenzi murevositofation mu 1998; imhaka yakakurumbira. Kuzvidzodzodzo dzinopiwa pamusoro pezvisa nenhauro pamusoro pezviito zvouchapupuri zvinoumbwa nemhingidzo dzouporofita, dzinotodanwa, uye kutodanwa pakati pedu.

Kunyarara Kwekurukurirano: Mutauro Nokuva Woga

Chikamu chouzivi chinowanzofuratirwa chenhevedzano yacho kurapa kwacho kwomutauro nekurukurirano. Zvikamu zvinotaura, asi mashoko haawanzoparira nzwisiso. Chitima chinopfachukira nemashoko, asi batano yechokwadi ishoma. Iyi mhesano inoratidzira basa rapashure re Lidwig Wittgenstein [[, uyo akataura kuti revo inobva kuzvimiro zvakagoveranwa zvoupenyu, kwete kubva mukupfuudzwa zviratidzo. MuLain, zvimiro zvoupenyu zvakakanganiswa zvikuru kwazvo nomutauro unorasika. Kukurukurirana kwomutauro kunorasikirwa nechibatiso chakwo. Kurukira kwakakomba kunova zviito zvinodzokorongana namasimba masimba, uye Lain amene anova akanyarara sezvo munhevedzano, kana kusati kuri kutaura kusingagoni kusangana navanhu vakanyarara.

Mugumisiro: Nhaka yaLain uye Kubvunzurudzwa Kunopfuurira

Mienzaniso inotevedzerwa pakunzwisisa [[FLT: 1] inoramba kupa kuvharwa nemhaka yokuti mibvunzo yainomutsa haigoni kupindurwa nechisarudzo chakaisvonaka. Ukoshi hwayo hwouzivi huri munzira yahwo: kushandisa maturusi eassestiki kuita kuedza kunopfuurira pakunzwisisa, chiratidzo, uye kuchinja kweruzivo rwezvinhu zvipenyu. Bocstrom inozivisa kubatana kutsva [[[[FLT:], kufunganya, kumifungo yezvirangariro yazvino uno. Mauceleaus - Ponty’s. Hakugadziriswi zviratidzo zvechionionioni chazvino uno unotongeidzwa kupfurikidza nechadenga.