Nzvimbo yemifananidzo yakazadzwa nezvipo zvirongedzwa zvenzvimbo dzinoshandiswa dzesimba guru remagetsi dzinorondedzera uhwana, nhau dzezviono dzinorondedzera, uye ipapo dzakanyangarika paratidziro. Nhau dzavo hadzisi rondedzero dzorukundo rwounyanzvi nebudiriro dzounyanzvi; ivo vari nzvero mukuchinja nokukurumidza kwezvinodikanwa zvavateereri, mafaro, uye unyanzvi hwebhizimisi hunogona kuita kana kuti kuparadza sangano retsika. Uku kupfupikisa kwenhau kunonongedzera kunzvimbo yezvishamiso zvekuvamba kwezana ramakore rechi20 kusvikira kunguva yeCGI kunzvimbo umo vafambi vanokweva nevashandi vepasi vepasi vepasi rose vari kunyorazve mepu.

Nguva Yakaisvonaka Yesimbi (1920s - 1960)

Nhambo kuvambira mukupera kwama 1920 kusvikira kuma 1960 inochengetwa zvikuru seNhambo yeFold yeFoging ye(a) nguva apo unyanzvi hunovamba kubva patsva kuenda kuvaraidzo huru, uye apo mastudio akagadzwa mabhii anoramba asingadzimiki zana ramakore gare gare. Nhambo ino yakarondedzerwa nenharo yezvombo dzounyanzvi hwezvounyanzvi, zvitayera zvedzimba, uye makwikwi anotyisa nokuda kwokukwidziridza hofisi.

Kuputsika Kwezvitubu Nezvitsva Zvazvo

Panzvimbo yedutu racho pakanga pari Walt Distue Studios. Pashure penhevedzano yokunyarara Alice Comedies naOswald yeLady Rabbit, Disney yakarondedzera mamiriro emberi ne “Steamtot Willie,] yokutanga kupfupika kuti ive nenzwi rakazara. Muziyo weWalt Disney Family Museum unonyora kuti uku kukwidza kwaMicrocky kwakashandura Mickkey kuva kunzwa kweusiku uye kwakabvumikisa kuti kutamba kunogona kutakura nziyo, kurukurirano, uye zviitiko muchinoitika chimwe chete. Dyney akatevera ne “chikamu chokutanga chenyungu, chenhau yenjiso, uye chenjiso. [Fograins]

[[FLT: 0] Warner Brots.[FLT: 1] yakatora nzira yakasiana zvikuru. Muma1930, Schlesinger Productions unit yayo yakazozivikanwa seTersite Terrace pasi penyongano yevakuru vakuru vaTex Avery, Chickey, uye Bob Clamplettlet(Clatettlet, kusaremekedza. Looney Tunes ne MerrieMeriedies dzakapa nyika Bunny, Day Diffuck, Porky Hover Fudd inosimbisa sei pesvedzero yapachokwadi yeprotagon, ava vatambi vaijeke, ivo vakapanduka, ivo vamene vakazvikoro, ivo vamene, uye varonzeri. [Flomen]

Musiano wakaenzana asi unoyeukwa zvikuru nhasi ndi Fleischer Studios. Yakavambwa nehama Max naDave Fleischer, shood yakapayona kumhanya-kufamba pamusoro pezviito zvinorarama zvinorarama zvinoda kufanana nezvinovapo. Iyi nzira yakaparira kukwirira kwechikanganiso, mibato yechaimo yeKoko Clown nenziyo dzemvura yaBetty Boop. Pavakawana kodzero kuna Papaye muna 1933, vakashandura chimiro chavakuru chenhau yemanyuko kuti chive chiitiko chepo, kazhinji vachisunda miganhuro yevatano newiri. [FLTF:] Udzanga hweNyika yose yeCLT [FFF] [FFF]]

Kunyange masutudia makuru, akadai se MM (kumusha kwaWilliam Hanna naJoseph Bardera, akasika Tom naJerra), uye UPA, iyo yakabva pamiitiro yechisiko ine mufananidzo wakajeka nefivhano yemifananidzo yakaganhurirwa mu “Gerald McBoing" na“ Mr. Magoo,” zvakagovera kumisika nemhatsa yemite. Uku kusitoo yakagadzirwa nemutoo unopfupi wemari: mufananidzo usati waita rutivi rukuru rwebasa nevero.

Makwikwi ari pakati pemastudio aya akatungamirira kufambiro mberi kunoshamisa — mativi akaita seTechnicolor, kubatanidza maorchestra apakuvamba, uye maarchestra anotevedzana anowedzera kuoma.Audiences munyika yose yakafarirwa; mifananidzo inosetsa yakanga yava chimiro chounyanzvi chapamutemo.

Macracks Mufandesheni: Kuderera Kwesimbiso Yamagamuchidzanwa

Kubudirira kwepashure pehondo kwakanga kwaita kuti makambani okugadzira mifananidzo atange kurwisana muma1950 paakatanga kugadzira zvinhu zvemafirimu, mafirimu, uye mafirimu airatidza zvinhu zvinobudisa mashoko akakurumidza kutsemuka nokudzvinyirirwa neruzivo rutsva rwemakombiyuta, zvoupfumi, uye tsika dzinochinja - chinja.

Terevhizheni Nokumuka Kwezviteshi Zvemitambo Zvemangwanani Zvomusi Wevhiki

Simba rimwe rinodzongonyedza zvikurusa rakanga riri reterevhizheni. Sezvo mhuri dzakatamira kunzvimbo dzapamusha ndokugara pamusha nokuda kwevaraidzo, tsika yokuenda kumabhaisikopo yakachinja. Vana vemitambo mipfupi vakava ndyiko isiri madikanwa kuvavaraidzi, uye mari yakambova inotapurwa nemifananidzo yemifanikiso pamberi pechinhu chikuru. Studios yakagadziridzwa nokugadzirwazve kwemichina mirefu mirefu mirefu yeTV, asi pakupedzisira yaifanira kubudisa mipimo mitsva yaigadzirirwa kuTV. Hanna-Barbera, yakavambwa muna 1957 neyaichimbova vatungamiriri veMGMM, yakagona kurovedza unyanzvi hwe kupfurikidza nokupfuudzana , nhambo yevhiki yevhiki rose. Yakawanda yemitengo-ronge yaigona kuderedza mitoo mibato yemafashoni.

Kuchinja Kwezvemari Nezvigadziko Zvechitima

Masangano ezvemari akava ane utsinye. Fleischer Studios, pashure pokurovanya kwamabasa uye kusashandisa mari, zvakatorwa naSoang muna 1942 uye kunzi Famous Staudios. Yakapfuurira kubudisa Popeye naSuperman shamhu, asi hope yokusika yakapererwa, uye kenza yakagumburwa pakupedzisira mukupera kwama1960. Walt Disney.. Vakadzimira nzvimbo yavo vamene yokuvhara mifananidzo muna 1963, vachidudza ndyiratetetetetetetetetetetetete na “Hoodroat , , Horo Rodroadrose yaizochengeta bedzi nguva duku nokuda kwezvirongwa zvakaganhurirwa. Kunyange Dysey, berot, akagumbuka. Pashure porufu rwama19800, chiono chinoshamarira chakarasikirwa nemhomberi chetsoro chetsoro, chishamato chetsoromatema, Canfell, (1980) yakapfuvura hope.

Kuchinja Kwezvavanoda uye Makwikwi Matsva

Audienceswo, yakanga ichikurawo. Ma 1960 na 1970 akaona mafungu okutanga echiJapan anopinza zvinhu. "Faiger Racer” uye“ Factle of the Planet” akatanga chiito chenhevedzano negirama yakasiana. Munguvayo, manzwi akazvimirira akafanana naRalph Bakshi akasunda mabhaisikopo akadai se “Fritz Cat” (1972) uye Roboscoped“ Ishe weRings”), achibvumikisa kuti kuratidzira kwaigona kudzokororwa negiramuro, kazhinji kazhinji kachoro, misoro. Mitambo mikuru, yakabudisa mafaro nokuda kwavaoni vaduku, kamwe kamwe kamwe yakatarira kunze. Yaichimbova yokufambisa mitambo yemitambo yakadonhaiwa, uye yakaratidzika kuva yakabveruka.

Kumutsidzira Kukuru: Kuchinja Kwezvinhu kwePiging (1980s@2000s)

Sezvo chishongo chokudhonza chaishandiswa, kuzivikanwa kwetarenda, ruzivo rwokugadzira zvinhu, uye kurondedzera kuchiva kwakamutsazve kunoshamisa.

Disney Renaissance (1989-19999)

Nzvimbo yokusarudza yakanga iri ya 1989 “The Little Mermaid.” Muutungamiriri hwaJeffrey Katzenberg neboka renziyo dzinonyorwa raHoward Ashman naAlan Menken, Disney akadzokera kunziyo dzeBroadway dzine nziyo dzakaisvonaka neheroine uyo akaronda nokushingaira kurota kwake. Rubudiriro rweFirimu yakapa mavambo nokuda kwegumi ramakore ravaputsi venyika: “Beauth ne Bath" (1991) akava rutivi rwokutanga runonyandurwa nokuda kweAcademy Award yeIcation yakanakisisa; “Alladin Version "1991” uye“ Mambo” (1994) akaparadza bhokisi rehofisi. [FL:] Roderson. Rondelkm rinobata seiko iri boka rose, kushandura mubato mukuru wePromey yePromey yePromey, rinoshandisawookinyonyo yePutu inopfumisa.

Kuchinja KwechiPixar uye Kukurira kweCGI

Sezvo Disney yakadzorera mukurumbira we2D, kombiyuta yakanangidzirwa pamhenderekedzo yegungwa yakanga ichigadzirira kuita kuti ive isisiri chinhu. Pixar Fimie Studios[[FLT 1], yakaberekwa muna Lucasfilm yekombiyuta uye yakachengetwa naSteve Jobs, yakanga yave ichigadzira midungwe yakagadzirwa. Mugore ra1995, yakabudisa “Toy Stop, shopu yenhau yorusaizi yakasikwa chose chose chose chose nekombiyuta inogadzirwa nemifananidzo. Firimu yakanga iri chiitiko chenyungurusa. [[FLT:] Pix2] yaveix yenhau yenhau yenhau yenhau [FTCT], asi yakasiyana yematomu inopfumichakakurumbira. [mun, yeChinyorwa chakaisvonaka]

Kumuka Kwedzimba Dzine Simba

Disney Renaissance naPixar zvakaparira kuputika kukuru kwokugadzira. Dream Acts Chiremoti , yakavambwa muna 1994 naJeffrey Katzenberg, Steven Spienberg, naDavid Geffen, zvakadenha zvakananga Pixar na Disney nekapfutiro yainyangarara zvikuru. Studia Stludias [FLT3], (2001) yakatanga kokorodzano dzinogamuchirwa zvakanaka kwazvo zvokuti yakawana Academy yeFieting yakanakisisa yeImplences uye yakabudisa france. Panguva ino inongoitika, [[FLT] , [FYN] napas, zvakawanikwa navose.[4]

Chiratidzo cheterevhizheni chakadzokawo: “VaSimpsons” (19989-preference) vakava nhevedzo refusa inodzokororwa yemisi mikuru yeAmerica, nepo Nickelelody neCartoon Network vakasimudzira chizvarwa chemusiki wedhairven se“Rugrats,” “SpongeBquart,” uye“ Dexter’s Laboratory.” Kukura kwemagumon anounza nhevedzano yakadai se “Pokémon” uye “Draque Ball Z” mumakamuric, zvichiparadzazve misika yokuMadokero asi zvichiipfumisawo.

Ruzivo Rwokugadzira Zvinhu Runodzorerazve Indasitiri (2000s\-Presente)

Kana Renaissance ya 1990 yakanga ichidokuwana mbiri yakarasika, chiuru chitsva chamakore chave chiri nhambo yokuchinja kwokukurumidza, kazhinji kazhinji kwoutsinye, kwounyanzvi hwezvinhu nekwebhizimisi.

Kuchinja Kwezvinhu Zvinoshandiswa Pamagetsi

Software yemaSaya, Toon Boom Harmony, Tabmer, uye propritary vanoshandura democracy kugadzirwa kwemifananidzo inoratidzwa nenzira yemademokrati, vachibvumira mapoka maduku kuwana zvinhu zvakaenzana. Kunyange zvakadaro uku kudzorwa kwemasero echidhinariyo kwakakurumidzisa kuderera kwemativi etsika 2D. Disney yakavhara urema hwayo hwechikamu cheparera pashure pokugadzirwa kwe “Pamba pa" (2004), uye apo 2D nhevedzano yeterevhizheni yakapfuurira, musika wezvitambi wezvidhori pakati pavo wakadzima. Iindasitiri yakaenda kunenge chose chose chose, kusingadzoreki, uye, kuwedzera, injini chaidzoidzo dzakafanana neUninga chaidzo dzakaita kuti dzive dzakachengeterwa nokuda kwekushanda kwemabhirijini. Zviwiricherowi zvakapfumisa zviteshi pakati pemato, zvipfunyo zvinorarama pakati pematejinzi reBrichenzi reS (2014) kuti zvishapute [1]

Hondo Dzinoyerera Nezvakagumiswa

Chinjo yechipiri yokudengenyeka kwapasi yakanga iri kukwira kwezvikuva zvinodira. Sezvo CNBC yakashuma, mufananidzo wokuzvinyoresa wakagadziridzazve zviratidziro kubva kubhizimisi renzvimbo yemitambo kutanga kuenda kune rimwe apo maraibhurari makuru enhevedzano namafirimu anogadzirwa zvakananga nokuda kwavanamutengi. Netflix, Amazon Primex, uye Disney+ zvakaiswa muzvinakisi, kubva kumitengo yavakuru-yamuro yakafanana ne “Rudo, Rufu & Robosbos" kusvikira kuslate france mu “Star" nessss. Iyi yakapa vasiki vakawanda rusununguko rwakareba zvikuru asi dzinoziviswawo: zvirongwa zvinodzidzwa zvinodzidzwa zvinobviswa kunyange mudaridzo dzomutezoro, kubviswa chinyorwa chavose.

Zvinetso Zvokudyidzana Kwenyika Dzepasi Pose uye Kuoma Kwemari

Mitengo yemiitiro yazvino uno ndeyenyika yose uye haikanganwiri. Nepo ichiita zvokushandira kunzvimbo dzinogadzirwa zvinhu muSouth Korea, Philippines, uye India ichichengeta mari ichishanda, inomutsawo funganyo pamusoro pebasa nokudzora kwokugadzira zvinhu. Corporate yatungamirira kukuvharwa kwakakwirira kwemifungo yemifungo: muna 2021, Disney avhara Blue Sky Studios, mugadziri we “Nhambo yeIce”, pashure pokuriwana muFox Complete-joam(a chiyeuchidzo chakajeka chakakomba chokuti kunyange mapoka anobhadhara anogona kuraswa mubasa resangano guru. Hondo. Discovery, mumistry Studio, mutungamiriri mutsva pashure pokuzvibatanidza, akabvisa nenzira inonyadzisa “BHBBC, uye purofiki inodzoka yakawanda kubva muH, Maxorvetvorvey anonyora mitero. Zvisarudzo zvekudzo pamusoro pezvisarudzo.

Nguva Yemberi yeMitambo Yemifananidzo

Zvivako zvinogara zvichiripo uye zvichibudirira ndizvo zvichachinja maitiro okubuda pasina kusiya nheyo dzinokosha dzokurondedzera nyaya dzemaoresa.

Miitiro Inokura Nekusakwanisa Kubudirira

Munhu anogona kutoona kufambira mberi kwenhambo inotevera. mene inoiswa pakati pezvishandiso zvinoshandiswa pakati-mabhii, zvinobvira pakugadzira zvinhu zvinoshandiswa. Kunyange zvazvo izvi ruzivo rwemichina ruchigona kuderedza zvikuru maawa ebasa nokuzarura suo remiitiro yokuona, zvinotyisidzirawo kubvisa nzvimbo nehomogetics kana kuti kubvisa zvinhu zvinooneka. kugadzira zvinhu zvinoda kupfuudzwa zvikuru. [[FLT:]

Kuchengeta Nhaka Paunenge Uchigamuchira Kudzorerwa

Nokuda kwemisitoo yakaisvonaka yakaita seDisney, Warner Bros., uye Sobhuza, denho ndeyokuenzanisa nhaka nediss reIP itsva. Chirongwa chemisi ichangobva kupfuura iyi cheDisley chaigadziridzazve zvigadzirwa zvayo zvinoshanda nemabasa apakuvamba zvakadai se “Strange World” uye“Wish" .*Kudzosa kupesana pakati pechengeteko nemugadziridzo. Zvimwe chetezvinoshanda kuurefu hwenhau: masangano akadai seThe Walt Disney Family Museum ne Academy Film Holm inoshanda kudzorera nokuchengetedza macel, mabspes, naPrecnicologies apakuvamba, achiziva kuti izvi zvingori zvemariko asi zviwiro zvetsika.

Kukwira nokuwa kungangokurumidza. Mastudio matsva achakurumidza kuoneka, achidzorwa nevhairasi pfupi kana kuti kuyerera, uye nokukurumidza kuwanikwa, kubatanidzwa, kana kuti kunyunguduka. Asi svikiro rimene rinopfuurira kukura mumativi ose (mumitemo yezvoruzivo rwerekerekedzo, unyanzvi, uye nzvimbo dzinogara. Zvivako zvemifananidzo zvenguva yemberi zvingasava masangano ezvidhina nenhetembo dzamarobhosi asi mibatanidzwa yenyika yose yenyanzvi dzinobatanidzwa nezvinoonekwa uye zvinoshandiswa chaizvoizvo. Chipi nechipi chadzo chadzo chinoramba chichiita, basa ravo rinoramba risina kuchinja: kuita kufamba kusina upenyu, uye kuita kudaro, kutiendesa.